Contrasting the Genetic Patterns of Microbial Communities In
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Protocols for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for Sustainable Aquaculture and Coastal Fisheries in Chile (Supplement Data)
Protocols for monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for sustainable aquaculture and coastal fisheries in Chile (Supplement data) Provided by Kyoko Yarimizu, et al. Table S1. Phytoplankton Naming Dictionary: This dictionary was constructed from the species observed in Chilean coast water in the past combined with the IOC list. Each name was verified with the list provided by IFOP and online dictionaries, AlgaeBase (https://www.algaebase.org/) and WoRMS (http://www.marinespecies.org/). The list is subjected to be updated. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Achnanthales Achnanthaceae Achnanthes Achnanthes longipes Bacillariophyta Coscinodiscophyceae Coscinodiscales Heliopeltaceae Actinoptychus Actinoptychus spp. Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Akashiwo Akashiwo sanguinea Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Amphidinium Amphidinium spp. Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Naviculales Amphipleuraceae Amphiprora Amphiprora spp. Bacillariophyta Bacillariophyceae Thalassiophysales Catenulaceae Amphora Amphora spp. Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Anabaenopsis Anabaenopsis milleri Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema Anagnostidinema amphibium Anagnostidinema Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema lemmermannii Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Microcoleaceae Annamia Annamia toxica Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Aphanizomenon Aphanizomenon flos-aquae -
Phycogeography of Freshwater Phytoplankton: Traditional Knowledge and New Molecular Tools
Hydrobiologia (2016) 764:3–27 DOI 10.1007/s10750-015-2259-4 PHYTOPLANKTON & SPATIAL GRADIENTS Review Paper Phycogeography of freshwater phytoplankton: traditional knowledge and new molecular tools Judit Padisa´k • Ga´bor Vasas • Ga´bor Borics Received: 29 November 2014 / Revised: 6 March 2015 / Accepted: 14 March 2015 / Published online: 31 March 2015 Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 Abstract ‘‘Everything is everywhere, but environ- relevant for biogeography of freshwater phytoplank- ments selects.’’ Is this true? The cosmopolitan nature ton. The following topics are considered: dispersal of algae, including phytoplankton, has been highlight- agents and distances; survival strategies of species; ed in many textbooks and burnt into the minds of geographic distribution of different types; patterns of biologists during their studies. However, the accumu- invasions; tools of molecular genetics; and metabo- lating knowledge on the occurrence of individual lomics to explore dispersal patterns, island biogeog- phytoplankton species in habitats where they have not raphy, and associated species–area relationships for been seen before, reports on invasive phytoplankton algae. species, and the increasing number of papers with phylogenetic trees and tracing secondary metabolites, Keywords Distribution Á Dispersal Á Invasion Á especially cyanotoxins, contradict. Phytoplankton Island biogeography Á Genomics Á Bloom-forming species, with rare exceptions, are neither cosmopoli- cyanobacteria tan, nor ubiquists. In this review paper, -
Name of the Manuscript
Available online: August 25, 2018 Commun.Fac.Sci.Univ.Ank.Series C Volume 27, Number 2, Pages 1-16 (2018) DOI: 10.1501/commuc_0000000193 ISSN 1303-6025 http://communications.science.ankara.edu.tr/index.php?series=C THE INVESTIGATION ON THE BLUE-GREEN ALGAE OF MOGAN LAKE, BEYTEPE POND AND DELİCE RIVER (KIZILIRMAK) AYLA BATU and NURAY (EMİR) AKBULUT Abstract. In this study Cyanobacteria species of Mogan Lake, Beytepe Pond and Delice River were taxonomically investigated. The cyanobacteria specimens have been collected by monthly intervals from Mogan Lake and Beytepe Pond between October 2010 and September 2011. For the Delice River the laboratory samples which were collected by montly intervals between July 2007-May 2008 have been evaluated.Totally 15 genus and 41 taxa were identified, 22 species from Mogan lake, 19 species from Beytepe pond and 13 species from Delice river respectively. During the study species like Planktolyngbya limnetica and Aphanocapsa incerta were frequently observed for all months in Mogan Lake, Chrococcus turgidus and Chrococcus minimus were abundant in Beytepe Pond while Kamptonema formosum was dominant in Delice River. As a result species diversity and density were generally rich in Mogan Lake during fall and summer season while very low in the Delice River during winter season. 1. Introduction Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are microscopic bacteria found in freshwater lakes, streams, soil and moistened rocks. Even though they are bacteria, cyanobacteria are too small to be seen by the naked eye, they can grow in colonies which are large enough to see. When algae grows too much it can form “blooms”, which can cause various problems. -
SHORT NOTE Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii (Nostocales
Fottea 9(1): 45–47, 2009 45 SHORT NOTE Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Nostocales, Cyanobacteria): A brief historic overview and recent discovery in the Assiniboine River (Canada) Hedy J. KLING Algal Taxonomy and Ecology Inc. 31 Laval Drive, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2X8 Canada; e-mail: hkling@mts. net Abstract: Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Wo ł o s z y ń s k a ) se e n a y y a et su b b a Ra j u is a freshwater planktonic nitrogen fixing filamentous toxic cyanobacterium (blue-green alga, cyanoprokaryote) belonging to the order Nostocales. Historically, it was thought to be a tropical or subtropical alga but in the past 26 years since it was recorded in Hungary in 1978, it has been found in increasing abundance in rivers and shallow water bodies in temperate regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, North America and South America by several researchers including most recently bR a n c o & se n n a (1991), Pa d i s á k (1997), ch a P m a n & sc h e l s k e (1997), Fa b b R o et al. (1996), dv o ř á k & ha š l e R (2007). ko m á R e k & ko m á R k o v á (2003) give a comprehensive summary of the nomenclature changes, phenotypic plasticity and historic distribution record to 2002. ko m á R e k & ko m á R k o v á (2003) note the first European record was by SKUJA in his 1937 documentation of Greek and middle Asian algae. -
Freshwater Phytoplankton ID SHEET
Aphanizomenon spp. Notes about Aphanizomenon: Freshwater Toxin: Saxitoxin N-fixation: Yes Phytoplankton Cyanophyta – Cyanophyceae – Nostocales 4 described species ID SHEET Trichomes solitary or gathered in small or large fascicles (clusters) with trichomes arranged in parallel layers. TARGET ALGAE Dillard, G. (1999). Credit: GreenWater Laboratories/CyanoLab Anabaena spp. Anabaena spp. Notes about Anabaena: (now Dolichospermum) (now Dolichospermum) akinete Toxin: Anatoxin-a N-fixation: Yes Cyanophyta – Cyanophyceae – Nostocales More than 80 known species heterocyte Trichomes are straight, curved or coiled, in some species with mucilaginous colorless envelopes, mat forming. heterocyte akinete Credit: GreenWater Laboratories/CyanoLab Credit: GreenWater Laboratories/CyanoLab Dillard, G. (1999). Credit: GreenWater Laboratories/CyanoLab Notes about Cylindrospermopsis: Toxin: Cylindrospermopsin N-fixation: Yes Cyanophyta – Cyanophyceae – Nostocales Around 10 known species Trichomes are straight, bent or spirally coiled. Cells are cylindrical or barrel-shaped pale blue- green or yellowish, with aerotypes. Heterocytes nWater Laboratories/CyanoLab and akinetes are terminal. Gree Credit: Cylindrospermopsis spp. Cylindrospermopsis spp. Straight morphotype Curved morphotype Dillard, G. (1999). Notes about Microcystis: K Toxin: Microcystin N-fixation: No Cyanophyta – Cyanophyceae – Chroococcales Around 25 known species Colonies are irregular, cloud-like with hollow spaces and sometimes with a well developed outer margin. Cells are spherical with may -
Predictive Modeling of Microcystin Concentrations in Drinking Water Treatment Systems Of
Predictive Modeling of Microcystin Concentrations in Drinking Water Treatment Systems of Ohio and their Potential Health Effects Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By: Traven A. Wood, B.S. Graduate Program in Public Health The Ohio State University 2019 Thesis Committee: Mark H. Weir (Adviser) Jiyoung Lee Allison MacKay Copyright by Traven Aldin Wood 2019 Abstract Cyanobacteria present significant public health and engineering challenges due to their expansive growth and potential synthesis of microcystins in surface waters that are used as a drinking water source. Eutrophication of surface waters coupled with favorable climatic conditions can create ideal growth environments for these organisms to develop what is known as a cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (cHAB). Development of methods to predict the presence and impact of microcystins in drinking water treatment systems is a complex process due to system uncertainties. This research developed two predictive models, first to estimate microcystin concentrations at a water treatment intake, second, to estimate the risks of finished water detections after treatment and resultant health effects to consumers. The first model uses qPCR data to adjust phycocyanin measurements to improve predictive linear regression relationships. Cyanobacterial 16S rRNA and mcy genes provide a quantitative means of measuring and detecting potentially toxic genera/speciess of a cHAB. Phycocyanin is a preferred predictive tool because it can be measured in real-time, but the drawback is that it cannot distinguish between toxic genera/speciess of a bloom. Therefore, it was hypothesized that genus specific ratios using qPCR data could be used to adjust phycocyanin measurements, making them more specific to the proportion of the bloom that is producing toxin. -
The Cyanobacterial Genus Macrospermum
Fottea, Olomouc, 8(1): 79–86, 2008 79 The cyanobacterial genus Macrospermum Jiří KOMÁREK Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Botany, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 82 Třeboň, and University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Sciences, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This small tropical cyanobacterial group, containing Anabaena volzii LEMMERMANN and a few related species (A. fuellebornii SCHMIDLE , A. unispora GARDNER , A. mysorensis GONZALVES & KAMAT ), differs substantially phenotypically from all other planktic or benthic Anabaena types, mainly by the subsymmetric structure of the trichomes, type of akinete formation and restricted ecology. The taxonomic uniformity of all other Anabaena- like clusters (typical benthic Anabaena, planktic Anabaena subg. Dolichospermum, Trichormus, Aphanizomenon, Cuspidothrix) was already supported by molecular analyses. All of them also have their typical morphological markers, which are clearly different from the “Anabaena volzii – cluster”. Therefore, this group can not be classified in any of the mentioned revised genera and must be described as a separate generic entity of heterocytous cyanobacteria (although they have not been sequenced to date). The new genus Macrospermum is therefore defined in my article with 4 related, morphologically distinguishable species. The generic name is selected according to the unusually large akinetes. Key words: Cyanobacteria, taxonomy, Anabaena, Macrospermum, pantropical genus, akinete formation Introduction morphology, which is different from all other Anabaena species. The filaments are nearly SCHMIDLE (1902) described a cyanobacterial symmetric, uniserial, unbranched and isopolar, species Anabaena fuellebornii from Africa. This with two heterocytes localized in the subapical metaphytic species was later found from several portions of the trichomes, slightly distant from localities in tropical Africa (Chad, Guinea, the terminal parts. -
(Cyanobacterial Genera) 2014, Using a Polyphasic Approach
Preslia 86: 295–335, 2014 295 Taxonomic classification of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacterial genera) 2014, using a polyphasic approach Taxonomické hodnocení cyanoprokaryot (cyanobakteriální rody) v roce 2014 podle polyfázického přístupu Jiří K o m á r e k1,2,JanKaštovský2, Jan M a r e š1,2 & Jeffrey R. J o h a n s e n2,3 1Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dukelská 135, CZ-37982 Třeboň, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected]; 2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; 3Department of Biology, John Carroll University, University Heights, Cleveland, OH 44118, USA Komárek J., Kaštovský J., Mareš J. & Johansen J. R. (2014): Taxonomic classification of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacterial genera) 2014, using a polyphasic approach. – Preslia 86: 295–335. The whole classification of cyanobacteria (species, genera, families, orders) has undergone exten- sive restructuring and revision in recent years with the advent of phylogenetic analyses based on molecular sequence data. Several recent revisionary and monographic works initiated a revision and it is anticipated there will be further changes in the future. However, with the completion of the monographic series on the Cyanobacteria in Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa, and the recent flurry of taxonomic papers describing new genera, it seems expedient that a summary of the modern taxonomic system for cyanobacteria should be published. In this review, we present the status of all currently used families of cyanobacteria, review the results of molecular taxonomic studies, descriptions and characteristics of new orders and new families and the elevation of a few subfamilies to family level. -
Palmer Algal Posters to Cyanotoxins
7/18/2016 Palmer Prints: Algae in Water Supplies Palmer Algal Posters to Cyanotoxins; • 1959: Algae in Water Supplies changes in our knowledge of • “An Illustrated Manual of the Identification, Significance and Control of Algae in Water cyanobacteria (bluegreens) Supplies” • C. Mervin Palmer, artist Harold J. Walter NC AWWA‐WEA • U.S. Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare Drinking Water Rules & Regulations Seminar 2016 • 1965: Prints put into Standard Methods Mark Vander Borgh, Linda Ehrlich and Astrid Schnetzer • “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater” 12th Ed. Algae Growing on Reservoir Walls Palmer Prints: Algae in Polluted Water What are Bluegreens? • Bacteria or Algae? • 1970: USEPA created • Eubacteria • Prokaryotic • 1974: Clean Water Act • no membrane bound organelle • Photosynthetic • 1977: Algae and Water Pollution: • opposed to chemotrophic (i.e., iron bacteria) • “An Illustrated Manual on the Identification, • Various Photosynthetic Pigments Significance and Control of Algae in Water • Chlorophyll‐a (green), phycocyanin (blue) or Supplies and in Polluted Water” phycoerythrin (red) • Two prints added, artist: Sharon Adams • Smallest form of algae • From < 1um (picoplankton) to > 20um • filaments > 100 um long • Colonies, filaments and clumps visible to naked eye Polluted Water Algae Plankton and other Surface Water Algae What is the Official Name? Why are they Important? • Bacteria The Good • Myxophyceae • Primary producers • Oxygen, carbon & carbohydrates • Cyanoprokaryotes • Nitrogen fixing • Cyanophytes -
Arthrospira (Spirulina) 2 5 Claudio Sili , Giuseppe Torzillo and Avigad Vonshak
Arthrospira (Spirulina) 2 5 Claudio Sili , Giuseppe Torzillo and Avigad Vonshak Contents Summary Summary ........................................................................................ 677 25.1 Introduction .................................................................. 677 The successful commercial exploitation of Arthrospira because of its high nutritional value, chemical composition 25.2 Morphology................................................................... 678 and safety of the biomass has made it one of the most impor- 25.3 Taxonomy ...................................................................... 686 tant industrially cultivated microalgae. Knowledge of its 25.4 Occurrence and Distribution ...................................... 689 biology and physiology, which is essential for understand- ing the growth requirements of this alkaliphilic organism, 25.5 Physiology ..................................................................... 691 25.5.1 Response to Environmental Factors ............................... 692 has been used in developing suitable technologies for mass 25.5.1.1 Effect of Light on Growth .............................................. 692 cultivation. The relationships between environmental and 25.5.1.2 Light Stress – Photoinhibition ....................................... 692 cultural factors, which govern productivity in outdoor cul- 25.5.1.3 Effect of Temperature on Photosynthesis tures, are discussed in connection with growth yield and and Respiration ............................................................. -
Cyanobacteria) to Subtropical and Temperate Freshwater Lakes – Physiological, Regional, and Global Driving Forces
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE REVIEW ARTICLE published: 09 Marchprovided 2012 by Frontiers - Publisher Connector doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00086 Invasion of Nostocales (cyanobacteria) to subtropical and temperate freshwater lakes – physiological, regional, and global driving forces Assaf Sukenik 1*, Ora Hadas 1, Aaron Kaplan2 and Antonio Quesada3 1 The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel 2 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 3 Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Edited by: Similar to the increased number of studies on invasive plants and animals in terrestrial and Anton F.Post, H. Steinitz Marine aquatic ecosystems, many reports were recently published on the invasion of Nostocales Biology Laboratory, USA (cyanobacteria) to freshwater environments worldwide. Invasion and proliferation of Nos- Reviewed by: Robert M. McKay, Bowling Green tocales in new habitats have the potential to significantly alter the structure of the native State University, USA community and to modify ecosystem functioning. But most importantly, they influence Rachael Marie Morgan-Kiss, Miami the water quality due to a variety of toxic compounds that some species produce. There- University, USA fore a special attention was given to the invasion and persistence of toxic cyanobacteria *Correspondence: in many aquatic ecosystems. Here we summarize the currently published records on the Assaf Sukenik, The Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, invasion of two Nostocales genera, Cylindrospermopsis and Aphanizomenon, to lakes and Israel Oceanographic and water reservoirs in subtropical and temperate zones.These invading species possess traits Limnological Research, P.O. -
Chapter 3. CYANOBACTERIAL TOXINS
Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water: A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management Edited by Ingrid Chorus and Jamie Bartram © 1999 WHO ISBN 0-419-23930-8 Chapter 3. CYANOBACTERIAL TOXINS This chapter was prepared by Kaarina Sivonen and Gary Jones The cyanotoxins are a diverse group of natural toxins, both from the chemical and the toxicological points of view. In spite of their aquatic origin, most of the cyanotoxins that have been identified to date appear to be more hazardous to terrestrial mammals than to aquatic biota. Cyanobacteria produce a variety of unusual metabolites, the natural function of which is unclear, although some, perhaps only coincidentally, elicit effects upon other biota. Research has primarily focused on compounds that impact upon humans and livestock, either as toxins or as pharmaceutically useful substances. Further ranges of non-toxic products are also being found in cyanobacteria and the biochemical and pharmacological properties of these are totally unknown. An overview of the currently identified cyanotoxins is given in section 3.1 and their toxicological properties are discussed in Chapter 4. Studies on the occurrence, distribution and frequency of toxic cyanobacteria were conducted in a number of countries during the 1980s using mouse bioassay. Analytical methods suitable for quantitative toxin determination only became available in the late 1980s, but studies of specific cyanotoxins have been increasing since then. The results of both approaches indicate that neurotoxins are generally less common, except perhaps in some countries where they frequently cause lethal animal poisonings. In contrast, the cyclic peptide toxins (microcystins and nodularins) which primarily cause liver injury are more widespread and are very likely to occur if certain taxa of cyanobacteria are present.