DOCSLIB.ORG

Download (1MB)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download (1MB) International Arachis Newsletter Co-publishers Peanut CRSP ICRISAT Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (http://www.griffln.pcachnet.edu/pnutcrsp.html) (http://www.cgiar.org/icrisat) A b o u t P e a n u t C R S P The Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program is an international program supported by USAID Grant LAG-G- 00-96-00013-00 to The University of Georgia. The research supported seeks environmentally sound, sustainable agriculture production and food delivery systems for peanut. The program has five thrusts addressing priority constraints to the global peanut industry (aflatoxin, production efficiency, socio-economic forces, post-harvest processing, and utilization). Peanut CRSP also works to foster human resource development and the communication of research results. The Peanut CRSP provides support for collaborative research, training, and exchange of information through grants to 10 universities in the USA linked to 14 host countries in the developing world. Both host countries and the USA are expected to benefit from the activities of Peanut CRSP. Peanut CRSP actively collaborates with other organizations with interest in advancing development through the application of science and technology. About ICRISAT The semi-arid tropics (SAT) encompasses parts of 48 developing countries including most of India, pails of southeast Asia, a swathe across sub-Saharan Africa, much of southern and eastern Africa, and parts of Latin America. Many of these countries are among the poorest in the world. Approximately one-sixth of the world's population lives in the SAT, which is typified by unpredictable weather, limited and erratic rainfall, and nutrient-poor soils. ICRlSAT's mandate crops are sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut; these six crops arc vital to life for the ever-increasing populations of the semi-arid tropics. ICRISAT's mission is to conduct research which can lead to enhanced sustainable production of these crops and to improved management of the limited natural resources of the SAT. ICRISAT communicates information on technologies as they are developed through workshops, networks, training, library services, and publishing. ICRISAT was established in 1972. It is one of 18 nonprofit research and training centers funded through the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The CG1AR is an informal association of approximately 50 public and private sector donors; it is co-sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Bank, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). I A N Scientific Editor S N Nigam The opinions in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of International Arachis Newsletter. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Newsletter concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Where trade names are used this does not constitute endorsement of or discrimination against any product by the Newsletter. C o n t e n t s N e w s a n d V i e w s From the Editor 1 About Scientists 1 Award 2 Peanut CRSP News and Renewal Plans 2 News from Africa 3 News from Cereals and Legumes Asia Network ( C L A N ) 5 Current ICRISAT groundnut research and integrated 8 projects to 2002 R e s e a r c h R e p o r t s Genetics a n d P l a n t B r e e d i n g A Case of 2n Pollen in an Accession of an Annual P Vindhiyavarman, K N Ganesan, A Mothilal, 9 Diploid Groundnut Wild Species, Arachis duranensis and S E Naina Mohammed Synthetic Amphidiploids in the Genus Arachis P Vindhiyavarman, K N Ganesan, A Mothilal, 10 and S E Naina Mohammed Groundnut Variety, T A G 24, With Potential for D M Kale, A M Badigannavar, and G S Murty 12 Wider Adaptability Evaluation of Groundnut Genotypes for Rainfed V Raja Rajeswari 13 Conditions in the Northern Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh, India Release of Cultivars of Yueyou 5 and Yueyou 79 in Liang Xuanqiang, Li Shaoxiong, Li Yicong, 15 Guangdong, China and Zhou Guiyuan Swat PhaIli-96: A High-Yielding, Short Season A Khan 16 Groundnut Variety for North West Frontier Province, Pakistan Yueyou 223: A High-Yielding Chinese Cultivar with Liang Xuanqiang, Li Yicong, Li Shaoxiong, 16 Good Resistance to Rust and Zhou Guiyuan Participatory Evaluation of Groundnut Cultivars in R Tabo, A 0 Ogungbile, B R Ntare, 17 Northern Nigeria P E Olorunju, and 0 Ajayi Development of Spanish Groundnut Genotypes P Manivel, R K Mathur, A Bandyopadhyay, 19 with Fresh Seed Dormancy and T G K Murthy I A N 19, 1999 i Evaluation of Advanced Breeding Lines of Groundnut M Y Samdur, V Nandagopal, R K Mathur, 19 for Resistance to Thrips and Aphids and P Manivel Screening Groundnut Breeding Lines for Resistance to E M Minja, P J A van der Merwe, 21 Aphids, Aphis craccivora Koch F M Kimmins, and P Subrahmanyam Evaluation of Advanced Breeding Genotypes of M Y Samdur, R K Mathur, P Manivel, 23 Groundnut for Resistance to Major Foliar Fungal M P Ghewande, and A Bandyopadhyay Diseases P a t h o l o g y Aflatoxin Contamination of Groundnuts in P S van Wyk, P J A van der Merwe, 25 Mozambique P Subrahmanyam, and D Boughton Response of Spanish Groundnuts to Stem and A Krishnakanth, M V C Gowda, 27 Pod Rots Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. and B N Motagi Screening of Groundnut Genotypes for Resistance to P Harinath Naidu, A Sudhakar Rao, 28 Kalahasti Malady and Late Leaf Spot Diseases and S B Sharma Effects of Some Chinese Strains of Peanut Stripe Virus Chen Kunrong, Zhang Zongyi, Xu Zeyong, 30 (PStV) on Groundnut Cultivars and Other Plants R G Dietzgen, and D V R Reddy E n t o m o l o g y Additional Aphid Vectors of Groundnut Rosette Virus M D Alegbejo 32 in Nigeria Effect of Climatic Factors and Aphid Population on the M D Alegbejo, E Egwurube, and B D Kashina 33 Incidence of Groundnut Rosette Virus in Nigeria A Note on Host Plants for the Groundnut Plant Hopper, E Minja, E Zitsanza, P Mviha, and P Sohati 35 Hilda patruelis, in Southern Africa Efficacy of Plant Products Against Thrips T Senguttuvan 36 (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood) in Groundnut Seasonal Occurrence of Groundnut Leaf Miner in T Senguttuvan 38 Relation to Weather Factors Effect of Prey and Their Ages on the Feeding Preference K. Sahayaraj 39 of Rhynocoris marginatus (Fab.) Field Evaluation of the Predator, Rhynocoris marginatus K Sahayaraj 41 (Fab.), on T w o Groundnut Defoliators ii I A N 19, 1999 Production and Management Groundnut Production Constraints and Research Needs P Subrahmanyam, P J A van der Merwe, 42 in Mozambique and M Amane A Simple, Rapid, and Nondestructive Method for K K Pal and Rinku Dey 44 Screening Aluminum Tolerance in Groundnut Response to Sulfur of Rainfed Groundnut Genotypes S K Sahu, S C Nayak, J K Dhal, 46 on Lateritic Sandy Loam (Aeric Haplustalf) in Orissa, and R K Nayak India Deleterious Rhizobacteria Associated with Groundnut Rinku Dey, K K Pal, S Chauhan, and D M Bhatt 47 Enhancement of Groundnut Growth and Yield by K K Pal, Rinku Dey, D M Bhatt, and S Chauhan 51 Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Genotypic Compatibility in Groundnut/Pigeonpea P K Ghosh, R K Mathur, A Bandyopadhyay, 53 Intercropping Systems Devi Dayal, H K Gor, and P R Naik Resource-Use Efficiency and Production Potential in P K Ghosh, Devi Dayal, P R Naik, 55 Summer Groundnut-Cereal Fodder Associations: and Virendra Singh Evaluation of a New Concept Resource-Use Efficiency and Profitability of P K Ghosh, Devi Dayal, A Bandyopadhyay, 57 Intercropping of Summer Groundnut with Virendra Singh, and P R Naik Short-Duration Vegetables: Evaluation of a Concept Substantial Reduction in Yield of Chickpea P K Ghosh, Devi Dayal, P R Naik, 60 (Cicer arietinum L.) in Rainy Season and Virendra Singh Groundnut-Chickpea Crop Rotations Medicinal Weeds in Groundnut Fields of Chhasttisgarh, P Oudhia 62 Madhya Pradesh, India F o o d Q u a l i t y Oil Quality of Shandong Export Groundnut as Affected Wu Lanrong 65 by Early Harvest Protein and O i l Quality of the Brazilian BRS 151 L 7 R M M Freire, R C dos Santos, 66 Groundnut Cultivar and S R de Farias I A N 19,1999 iii Groundnut in the Caucasus and Central Asia Groundnut in Armenia A Petrosyan and S Semerjan 68 Groundnut in Azerbaijan M Nabiev and Z Akperov 68 Groundnut Yields in Kyrgyzstan Depend on Acad. J Akimaliev 69 Time of Sowing Publications I C R I S A T publications 71 S A T C R I S listings 73 iv I A N 19, 1999 N e w s a n d V i e w s From the Editor About Scientists The sudden demise of Dr O D Smith on 4 March 1999, V a l e O l i n D S m i t h in Bryan, Texas, saddened the groundnut community around the world. Those who knew or came in contact Dr Olin D Smith, Professor of Soil and Crop Science at with Olin w i l l always remember him as a thorough Texas A & M University, died suddenly on 4 March 1999, gentleman and a highly competent groundnut breeder.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Quarantine Regulation for Importation of Plants
    Quarantine Requirements for The Importation of Plants or Plant Products into The Republic of China Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan In case of any discrepancy between the Chinese text and the English translation thereof, the Chinese text shall govern. Updated November 26, 2009 更新日期：2009 年 12 月 16 日 - 1 - Quarantine Requirements for The Importation of Plants or Plant Products into The Republic of China A. Prohibited Plants or Plant Products Pursuant to Paragraph 1, Article 14, Plant Protection and Quarantine Act 1. List of prohibited plants or plant products, countries or districts of origin and the reasons for prohibition: Plants or Plant Products Countries or Districts of Origin Reasons for Prohibition 1. Entire or any part of the All countries and districts 1. Rice hoja blanca virus following living plants (Tenuivirus) (excluding seeds): 2. Rice dwarf virus (1) Brachiaria spp. (Phytoreovirus) (2) Echinochloa spp. 3. Rice stem nematode (3) Panicum spp. (Ditylenchus angustus (4) Paspalum spp. Butler) (5) Oryza spp., Leersia hexandra, Saccioleps interrupta (6) Rottboellia spp. (7) Triticum aestivum 2. Entire or any part of the Asia and Pacific Region West Indian sweet potato following living plants (1) Palau weevil (excluding seeds) (2) China (Euscepes postfasciatus (1) Calystegia spp. (3) Cook Islands Fairmaire) (2) Dioscorea japonica (4) Federated States of Micronesia (3) Ipomoea spp. (5) Fiji (4) Pharbitis spp. (6) Guam (7) Kiribati (8) New Caledonia (9) Norfolk Island
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A
    Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A Treasure Trove for Future Applied Research Julien Thézé, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Jenny Cory, Elisabeth Herniou To cite this version: Julien Thézé, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Jenny Cory, Elisabeth Herniou. Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A Treasure Trove for Future Applied Research. Viruses, MDPI, 2018, 10 (7), pp.366. 10.3390/v10070366. hal-02140538 HAL Id: hal-02140538 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02140538 Submitted on 26 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License viruses Article Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A Treasure Trove for Future Applied Research Julien Thézé 1,2, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde 1,3 ID , Jenny S. Cory 4 and Elisabeth A. Herniou 1,* ID 1 Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261, CNRS—Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France; [email protected] (J.T.); [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • Groundnut Viral Diseases in West Africa
    I 1 .. I? ?' GROUNDNUT VIRAL DISEASES IN WEST AFRICA DOLLET Michel*, DUBERN Jean**, FAUQUET Claude***, THOUVENEL Jean-Claude***,and BOCKELEE-MORVAN André**** Respectively : *IRHO/CIRAD, **ORSTOM/CIRAD, BP 5035, 34032 Montpellier, France. *** ORSTOM, BP V 51, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire ; all members of the LPRC (CIRAD/ INRA/ORSTOM), Laboratoire de Phytovirologie des Régions Chaudes. **** Division Oléagineux Annuels, IRHO/CIRAD, 11 Square Pétrarque, 75116 Paris', France. Introduction . The groundnut which is one of the most popular legume grown in West Africa, is naturally infected by a Large number of virus. or virus-like diseases. It is one of the most severely-infected tropical plants in number of viral diseases. Some of them were studied and viruses identified : Peanut clump virus (Thouvenel et al., 19761, Groundnut eye spot virys (Dubern' and Dollet, 19801, Groundnut crinkle virus (Dubern and Dollet, 19811, Groundnut rosette virus (Dubern, 19801, Tomato spotted wiIt virus (Dubern and Fauquet, 1985) and Groundnut chlorotic spotting virus (Fauquet et al., 19851. The most important properties according to differe'nt aspects are reported.' Some other diseases are only described in parts : Groundnut streak (Fauquet and Thouvenel, 19-35), Groundnut mosaic, Groundnut f Lecking and Groundnut golden diseases (Dubern, 1979). There are also , different symptoms!wKich could be attributed to viral diseases as rugose leaf, Groundnut leaf-curl, Groundnut bushy stunt ; their etiology is at present unknown. 9 t 2 6 - Peanut clump virus Peanut Clump Virus (PCV), R/1: 2.1/4: E/E: S/Fu. Intermediate between ,hordeivirus and tobamovirus groups (Furovirus ?l. Main disease and 'geographical distribution The disease reappears in the same place in succeeding crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundnut Rosette Disease and Their Diagnosis a F Murant, D J Robinson, and M E Taliansky 5
    Citation: Reddy, D.V.R., Delfosse, P., Lenne, J.M., and Subrahmanyam, P. (eds.) 1997. Groundnut virus diseases in Africa: summary and recommendations of the Sixth Meeting of the International Working Group, 18-19 Mar 1996, Agricultural Research Council, Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa. (In En. Summaries in En, Fr, Pt) Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics; and 1000 Brussels, Belgium: Belgian Administration for Development Cooperation. 64 pp. ISBN 92-9066-358-8. Order code: CPE 109. Abstract The International Working Group Meeting on groundnut viruses in Africa reviewed progress made on the detection, identification, characterization, and management of groundnut viruses in Africa, with special emphasis on rosette and clump viruses. Country representatives summarized the status of research on groundnut viruses in their countries. In order to accomplish integrated management of rosette and clump virus diseases, it was agreed that consolidated efforts should be made to understand their epidemiology. Among the important aspects discussed were the provision of diagnostic aids and training in the identifi­ cation and detection of viruses for the national agricultural research systems in Africa, and strengthening of laboratory facilities. Scientists from Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, and from Bel­ gium, Germany, India, UK, and USA attended the meeting, which was the first gathering of so many plant virologists in
    [Show full text]
  • Sequence Diversity Within the Three Agents of Groundnut Rosette Disease
    Virology Sequence Diversity Within the Three Agents of Groundnut Rosette Disease C. M. Deom, R. A. Naidu, A. J. Chiyembekeza, B. R. Ntare, and P. Subrahmanyam First author: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Sciences Building, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602-7274; second and fifth authors: Genetic Resources and Enhancement Program (GREP), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), P.O. Box 1096, Lilongwe, Malawi; third author: Department of Agricultural Research and Technical Services, Chitedze Agricultural Research Station, Lilongwe, Malawi; fourth author: GREP, ICRISAT, P.O. Box 320, Bamako, Mali. Current address of R. A. Naidu: Department of Plant Pathology, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602-7274. Accepted for publication 5 December 1999. ABSTRACT Deom, C. M., Naidu, R. A., Chiyembekeza, A. J., Ntare, B. R., and isolates within a geographic region but less conserved (88 to 89%) be- Subrahmanyam, P. 2000. Sequence diversity within the three agents of tween isolates from the two distinct geographic regions. Phylogenetic groundnut rosette disease. Phytopathology 90:214-219. analysis of the overlapping ORFs 3 and 4 show that the GRV isolates cluster according to the geographic region from which they were iso- Sequence diversity was examined in the coat protein (CP) gene of lated, indicating that Malawian GRV isolates are distinct from Nigerian Groundnut rosette assistor virus (GRAV), the overlapping open reading GRV isolates. Similarity within the sat-RNA sequences analyzed ranged frames (ORFs) 3 and 4 of Groundnut rosette virus (GRV), and the satel- from 88 to 99%. Phylogenetic analysis also showed clustering within the lite RNA (sat-RNA) of GRV obtained from field isolates from Malawi sat-RNA isolates according to country of origin, as well as within isolates and Nigeria.
    [Show full text]
  • Pheromones in Lepidopteran Insects: Types, Production, JPP 2017; 6(5): 2552-2558 Received: 12-07-2017 Reception and Its Application Accepted: 13-08-2017
    Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2017; 6(5): 2552-2558 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 Pheromones in lepidopteran insects: Types, production, JPP 2017; 6(5): 2552-2558 Received: 12-07-2017 reception and its application Accepted: 13-08-2017 Mushtaq A Ganai Mushtaq A Ganai, Zakir H Khan and Mudasir A Dar Division of Entomology Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Abstract Technology of Kashmir, The to semiochemicals that are released by one member of a species and evoke a specific reaction or Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and reactions from members of the same species. Pheromones are known for both the specificity and the Kashmir, India potency of their actions. Lepidopteran pheromones were the first to be widely studied and include a huge collection of mostly female based pheromones. Female typically produce long range, fatty acid derived Zakir H Khan molecules that function over long distances, where as male tend to produce close-range courtship Division of Entomology compounds that are often very similar in structure to plant secondary metabolites. After knowing the Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and nature of pheinsect’s universe is filled with many odours. One of these odours is called pheromone, a Technology of Kashmir, term commonly applied romones and their potential for pest control along with the future prospective of Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and pheromone technique in agriculture in India, it is highly recommended to enhance availability of Kashmir, India pheromone in market, invest more in research and development and introduce newly identified pheromone for management of specific pests.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbial Pesticides
    Facilitating Microbial Pesticide Use in Agriculture in South Asia Editors W.A.R.T. Wickramaarachchi SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC) Dhaka, Bangladesh Malvika Chaudhary Plantwise Asia, CABI-South Asia New Delhi, India Jagadeesh Patil ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bengaluru, India SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) i Facilitating Microbial Pesticide Use in Agriculture in South Asia SAARC Regional Expert Consultation on Facilitating Microbial Pesticide Use in Agriculture in South Asia, 21-23 August 2017, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bengaluru, India Editors W.A.R.T. Wickramaarachchi SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC), Dhaka, Bangladesh Malvika Chaudhary Plantwise Asia, CABI-South Asia, New Delhi, India Jagadeesh Patil ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR) Bengaluru, India December 2017 @ 2017 SAARC Agriculture Centre Published by the SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC), South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, BARC Complex, Farmgate, New Airport Road, Dhaka -1215, Bangladesh (www.sac.org.bd) All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the publisher Citation Wickramaarachchi, W.A.R.T., Chaudhary, M. and Patil, J. (Eds). 2017. Facilitating Microbial Pesticide Use in Agriculture in South Asia. SAARC Agriculture Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 226 pp Available online through www.sac.org.bd This book contains the papers and proceedings of the SAARC Regional Expert Consultation on Facilitating microbial pesticides use in agriculture in South Asia jointly organized by SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR) and The Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International (CABI) at National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bengaluru, India from 21-23 August 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Harmful and Beneficial Insect Fauna in Pigeonpea [Cajanus Cajan (L.)] Ecosystem in Tamil Nadu, India
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(8): 396-402 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 08 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.045 Diversity of Harmful and Beneficial Insect Fauna in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.)] Ecosystem in Tamil Nadu, India J. Alfred Daniel*, N. Chitra and M. Mathialagan Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The study of biodiversity associated with agro ecosystem is of significance for agro K e yw or ds ecologist and conservation biologist, since the maintenance of biological diversity is essential for productive and ecologically sustainable agriculture. Field experiment was Pigeonpea conducted to inventorize the insect fauna in pigeon pea ecosystem from February 2015 to [Cajanus cajan (L.)], July 2015. A total of 77 different species of insects belonging to 45 families under 10 Ecosystem, Diversity orders were collected. Of the 77 species recorded, 53 species were harmful and 24 were beneficial. The Simpson’s index of Diversity was the highest for beneficial insects (0.94) Article Info and for harmful insects it was (0.93). Similar trend was observed in Shannon-Wiener index Accepted: also for beneficial and harmful insects with values of 3.12 and 3.00, respectively. The 04 July 2018 values of Margalef index for the beneficial and harmful insects revealed that maximum Available Online: richness (6.35) was accounted for harmful insects followed by beneficial insects (5.32). 10 August 2018 The species evenness was maximum for beneficial insects (0.55), whereas for the harmful insects it was (0.45).
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiology of Groundnut Rosette Virus at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria
    NIGBRIAN JOURNAL OJ' BNTOMOLOGY (2001) 18:95-102 Epidemiology of Groundnut Rosette Virus at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. M. D. ALEGBEJO Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural.Research/Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 1044 Zaria, Nigeria. (A~pted 05 July, 2001) ABSTRACT Epidemiology of groundnut rosette virus (GRV) was investigated over a three - year period at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. Significant positive correlations were obtained for the following: incidence of GRV andnumber of alate aphids trapped; temperature and age of plants; temperature and number of alate aphids trapped; relative humidity and incidence of GRV. Conversely, a significant negative correlation was obtained between age of plants and' number of alate aphids trapped; relative humidity and number of alate aphids trapped; and relative humidity and sunshine hours. Seventy percent of the aphids trapped were A. craccivora, while the proportion of A. jabae, A. gossypii and M. persicae were 15, 9 and 6%, respectively. The susceptible groundnut genotype, 48-1158, had the highest incidence of aphids and GRV disease, followed in descending order by the moderately resistant RRB and the resistant RMP91 genotypes. INTRODUCTION Groundnut rosette virus (GRV) is the most important factor limiting the production ofgroundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Africa especially in Nigeria (Brunt and Bonney, 1964; Rossel, 1977; Alegbejo, 1997). It is transmitted persistently by Aphis craccivora Koch (Rossel, 1997; Misari et al., 1988), My'lJJS persicae Sulzer and Aphis gossypii Glover (Todd et al., 1993; Alegbejo, 2000a). An epidemic of the disease occurred in Nigeria in 1975 and destroyed an estimated 0.7 million hectares of groundnut (Yayock et al., 1976).
    [Show full text]
  • Download (1MB)
    International Arachis Newsletter Co-publishers Peanut CRSP ICRISAT Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (http://www.griffin.peachnet.edu/pnutcrsp.html) (http://www.icrisat.org) About Peanut CRSP The Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program is an international program supported by USAID Grant LAG-G- 00-96-00013-00 to The University of Georgia. The research supported seeks environmentally sound, sustainable agriculture production and food delivery systems for peanut. The program has five thrusts addressing priority constraints to the global peanut industry (aflatoxin, production efficiency, socio-economic forces, postharvest processing, and utilization). Peanut CRSP also works to foster human resource development and the communication of research results. The Peanut CRSP provides support for collaborative research, training, and exchange of information through grants to 10 universities in USA linked to 14 host countries in the developing world. Both host countries and USA are expected to benefit from the activities of Peanut CRSP. Peanut CRSP actively collaborates with other organizations with interest in advancing development through the application of science and technology. About ICRISAT The semi-arid tropics (SAT) encompasses parts of 48 developing countries including most of India, parts of southeast Asia, a swathe across sub-Saharan Africa, much of southern and eastern Africa, and parts of Latin America. Many of these countries are among the poorest in the world. Approximately one-sixth of the world's population lives in the SAT, which is typified by unpredictable weather, limited and erratic rainfall, and nutrient-poor soils. ICRISAT's mandate crops are sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut; these six crops are vital to life for the ever-increasing populations of the SAT.
    [Show full text]
  • Spobnpv) Strain NBAIR1 Against Jute Hairy Caterpillar G
    Sivakumar et al. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control (2020) 30:82 Egyptian Journal of https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00282-5 Biological Pest Control RESEARCH Open Access Characterization and field evaluation of tetrahedral and triangular nucleopolyhedrovirus of Spilosoma obliqua (SpobNPV) strain NBAIR1 against jute hairy caterpillar G. Sivakumar1*, M. Kannan2, V. Ramesh Babu3, M. Mohan1, Surabhi Kumari1, R. Rangeshwaran1, T. Venkatesan1 and Chandish R. Ballal1 Abstract Jute hairy caterpillar, Spilosoma (=Spilarctia) obliqua (Walker) (Arctiidae: Lepidoptera), is an irregular and polyphagous insect pest that occurs all over India. A severe natural viral epizootic was observed in the field population of S. obliqua in jute. The virus was characterized as Spilosoma obliqua nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpobNPV NBAIR1) based on morphological, biological, and molecular characterization. Under scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), the occlusion bodies (OBs) of SpobNPV NBAIR1 appeared as both tetrahedral and triangular with the size ranged from 1.04-1.72 μm. The results on the bioassay studies revealed that the lowest 2 LC50 value of 2.93 OBs/mm by leaf disc bioassay against the second instar S. obliqua showed its high virulence. The identity of SpobNPV was further confirmed by the amplification of polyhedrin gene (NCBI GenBank accession no. MK288145). Eleven species of lepidopteran insects, viz., Spodoptera litura, S. exigua, S. frugiperda, Helicoverpa armigera, Plutella xylostella, Amsacta albistriga, Maruca vitrata, Trichoplusia ni, Pieris brassicae, Agrotis ipsilon, and Bombyx mori, were not susceptible to the infection with SpobNPV NBAIR1. Field experiments on jute crop revealed 68.92, 78.59, and 93.16% reduction in larval population of S.
    [Show full text]
  • Practice Oriented Results on Use of Plant Extracts and Pheromones in Integrated and Biological Pest Control
    Egyptian International Centre for Agriculture Practice Oriented Results on Use of Plant Extracts and Pheromones in Integrated and Biological Pest Control Held under the auspices of: Prof. Dr. Y. A. Wally Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Agriculture & Land Reclamation of Egypt and Prof. Dr. Mohamed Amer, President of the Zagazig University, Egypt Organized by: University of Zagazig - Egypt ADCO - Egypt Trifolio-M GmbH - Germany 10th Workshop Dokki – Giza, Egypt, Feb. 10-11, 2001 INTRODUCTION 8 BIOPESTICIDES - PRESENT SITUATION AND FUTURE POTENTIAL 11 Christine Kliche-Spory PLANT EXTRACTS AND UTILIZATION OF THEIR PRODUCTS FOR SAFE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND FOR REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. 16 I. M. Kelany POTENTIAL OF PHYTOCHEMICALS FOR THE PREVENTION, DETECTION AND CONTROL OF PEST INSECTS IN INTEGRATED STORED PRODUCT PROTECTION 25 C. Adler PHEROMONE MATING DISRUPTION OF PINK BOLLWORM (PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA) IN EGYPT, 1992-99 32 A J Treen LABORATORY AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF PHEROMONES - TOOLS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF MATING DISRUPTION 39 Uwe T. Koch TEA TORTRIX TRAPPING BY PHEROMONE IN COMPARISON TO CONVENTIONAL CONTROLS 57 M. W. J. Dharmawardhana & S. Nelson Fernando EFFECT OF HONEYBEE QUEEN SUBSTANCE (QS) ON CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE BLACK CUTWORM, AGROTIS IPSILON (HUFN.) 66 S.I. Yousif-Khalil, S.A. El-Monsef, A.A.I. Ahmed, A.A.M. Shalaby and M.M.A. El-Shershaby EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF VARROATOSIS (VARROA JACOBSONI OUD.) USING VOLATILE OILS AS VARROACIDE IN HONEYBEE COLONIES IN EGYPT 78 Metwally M. Khattab INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO PRODUCE BIOPESTICIDES 86 Ambrosino P., D'Andrea± A., Fogliano V., Fresa R., Gorgoglione D., Mariani S., Ritieni A. and S.
    [Show full text]