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Practice Oriented Results on Use of Plant Extracts and Pheromones in Integrated and Biological Pest Control

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Egyptian International Centre for Agriculture Practice Oriented Results on Use of Plant Extracts and Pheromones in Integrated and Biological Pest Control Held under the auspices of: Prof. Dr. Y. A. Wally Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Agriculture & Land Reclamation of Egypt and Prof. Dr. Mohamed Amer, President of the Zagazig University, Egypt Organized by: University of Zagazig - Egypt ADCO - Egypt Trifolio-M GmbH - Germany 10th Workshop Dokki – Giza, Egypt, Feb. 10-11, 2001 INTRODUCTION 8 BIOPESTICIDES - PRESENT SITUATION AND FUTURE POTENTIAL 11 Christine Kliche-Spory PLANT EXTRACTS AND UTILIZATION OF THEIR PRODUCTS FOR SAFE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND FOR REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. 16 I. M. Kelany POTENTIAL OF PHYTOCHEMICALS FOR THE PREVENTION, DETECTION AND CONTROL OF PEST INSECTS IN INTEGRATED STORED PRODUCT PROTECTION 25 C. Adler PHEROMONE MATING DISRUPTION OF PINK BOLLWORM (PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA) IN EGYPT, 1992-99 32 A J Treen LABORATORY AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF PHEROMONES - TOOLS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF MATING DISRUPTION 39 Uwe T. Koch TEA TORTRIX TRAPPING BY PHEROMONE IN COMPARISON TO CONVENTIONAL CONTROLS 57 M. W. J. Dharmawardhana & S. Nelson Fernando EFFECT OF HONEYBEE QUEEN SUBSTANCE (QS) ON CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE BLACK CUTWORM, AGROTIS IPSILON (HUFN.) 66 S.I. Yousif-Khalil, S.A. El-Monsef, A.A.I. Ahmed, A.A.M. Shalaby and M.M.A. El-Shershaby EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF VARROATOSIS (VARROA JACOBSONI OUD.) USING VOLATILE OILS AS VARROACIDE IN HONEYBEE COLONIES IN EGYPT 78 Metwally M. Khattab INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO PRODUCE BIOPESTICIDES 86 Ambrosino P., D'Andrea± A., Fogliano V., Fresa R., Gorgoglione D., Mariani S., Ritieni A. and S. Sinesi REGULATORY DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTH EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS 96 Lars Niemann STUDIES ON NEW SOURCES OF PHYTOCHEMICAL PESTICIDES BY BIOTECHNOLOGICAL MEANS 111 Ana Rosu, Alexandru VLADIMIRESCU, Gabriela NICOLESCU, Ibrahim M. KELANY PROCESSING OF NEEM FOR PLANT PROTECTION - SIMPLE AND SOPHISTICATED, STANDARDIZED EXTRACTS 119 Reinhard Wolf NEEMAZAL-T/S - ESTIMATION OF RESIDUE DATA BASED ON THE ANALYTICS OF THE LEADING COMPOUND AZADIRACHTIN A 122 Beate Ruch THE EFFECTS OF PHYTOCHEMICAL PESTICIDES ON THE GROWTH OF CULTURED INVERTEBRATE AND VERTEBRATE CELLS. 126 Areaf Salehzadeh, Abdul Jabbar, Roger Adams and Robin H.C.Strang AZADIRACHTIN A AND B IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE NEEM TREE, AZADIRACHTA INDICA, AND ITS SEEDLINGS OF DIFFERENT AGE 136 D. Sreenivasa Rao and M.C. Gopinathan NEEMAZAL®: PROPERTIES OF A COMMERCIAL NEEM-SEED-EXTRACT 147 Hubertus Kleeberg NEEM PESTICIDES IN PUBLIC GREEN AREAS 154 M. LEHMANN PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS WITH NEEM AND COMBINATIONS OF NEEM AND BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. KURSTAKI IN GYPSY MOTH (LYMANTRIA DISPAR L.) CONTROL IN SLOVAKIA 163 Marek Turcani PERSPECTIVES OF THE USE OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. TENEBRIONIS IN THE CONTROL OF BARK BEETLES POPULATIONS 169 Marek Turcani, Julius Novotny ACTION OF NEEMAZAL ON PARASITOIDS ATTACKING BEMISIA (TABACI COMPLEX) (HEMIPTERA ALEYRODIDAE) 181 Shaaban Abd-Rabou THE PREDACIOUSNESS POTENTIAL OF SOME VERTEBRATES FOR CERTAIN TERRESTRIAL GASTROPODS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITION. 187 El-Deeb, H. I. H. and Maha. M. Fouad RELATIVE TOXICITY OF ENCO 1, DELFIN AND SUMIGOLD MIXED WITH XRD 473 TO THE LIMA BEAN POD BORER; ETIELLA ZINCKENELLA TREIT. INFESTING COWPEA PLANTATIONS IN THE ARID ECOSYSTEMS 196 Farouk A. Abdel-Galil, Mohamed A.A. Morsi, Samy H. Mohamed, Mohamed A.M. Amro FIELD APLLICATION OF ONION PREPARATIONS FOR CONTROLLING SESAMIA CRETICA LED. INFESTING MAIZE PLANTS 205 F.F. Shalaby, M.M. Assar, A.F. Lutfallah and S.S.Yacoub OVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST SUSCEPTIBLE STRAIN OF SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS (BOISD.) 214 A.M. El- Ghareeb; A.M. Abdel - Wahab; F.A. El -Sayed; N.H. Wafy ANTI-INSECT PROPERTIES OF THE IBERIS AMARA LINN., AND ANTHOLYZA AETHIOPICA ANDR., EXTRACTS AGAINST THE COTTON LEAFWORM , SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS BOISD., 224 Hafez, A. A. FEASIBILITY OF USING METHYL BROMIDE SUBSTITUTES IN THE FORM OF PLANT PRODUCTS AND OTHER NEMATICIDAL AGENTS, AGAINST NEMATODE PESTS OF TEA 235 Sushila I.Vitarana, D.D. Liyanage, U.B. Herath, N. Navaratne, A.K.Prematunga, P.Udumulla and P.K.Jayawickrema EFFICACY OF SOME SINAI PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST MOSQITOES, CULEX PIPIENS PIPIENS. 249 ELHAM EL-ABGY and A.A.EL-FISHAWI THE POTENTIAL OF NEEMAZALÂ-T/S BAITS IN BLATTELLA GERMANICA L. AND MUSCA DOMESTICA L. CONTROL 262 Gabriela Nicolescu, Al. Vladimirescu, Ana Rosu, Valeria Ciulacu-Purcarea, Sanda Chicioroaga THE POTENTIAL OF EXTRACTS FROM MARINE ALGAE IN BLATTELLA GERMANICA L., BLATTA ORIENTALIS L., MUSCA DOMESTICA L. AND AEDES AEGYPTI L. CONTROL 267 Al. Vladimirescu, Gabriela Nicolescu, Sanda Chicioroaga, Ana Rosu CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF TWO GAMMA IRRADIATED ESSENTIAL OILS. 272 M.A. Abo-El- Seoud; M.M. Sarhan; A.M.M. Galal and I.M.M. Helal APPLICATION OF AMORPHOUS SILICA DUST (SILICOSEC®) IN GERMANY - PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES 281 Maike Erb-Brinkmann, Bernd Straube SUPERFICIAL TREATMENT OF STORED GRAIN WITH THE DIATOMACEOUS EARTH SILICOSEC® 285 Maike Erb-Brinkmann, Bernd Straube SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN EFFICACY OF NEEMAZAL-T/S AGAINST GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY 288 W.H. Manger, J.J. Koeckhoven, and J.C.J. van Adrichem LABORATORY STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF NEEMAZAL-T/S AND NEEMAZAL-T ON SOME BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH 291 Abdel-Aziz E. Basha & I. M. Kelany EFFECT OF THE NEEM EXTRACT "NEEMAZAL" ON SIPHONINUS PHILLYREAE (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOID, ENCARSIA INARON (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE) 300 Shaaban Abd-Rabou AN ISOCRATIC HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF AZADIRACHTIN A IN NEEM SEEDS AND IN VARIOUS AZADIRACHTIN BASED FORMULATIONS USING P-CRESYL-ACETATE AS AN INTERNAL STANDARD 306 Devendra Kumar, Om V. Singh, Sriharsha Hegde & Sreenivasa Rao. D STABILITY OF AZADIRACHTIN - A REVIEW 315 D. Sreenivasa Rao NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR VARROA MITE CONTROL IN HONEYBEE COLONIES USING INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (I P M) 325 METWALLY M. KHATTAB BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT NEEM BASED PESTICIDES AGAINST THE CIGARETTE BEETLE LASIODERMA SERRICORNE (F.) ATTACKING STORED MEDICINAL PLANTS 349 Nadia Z. Dimetry, A.A. Barakat, H.E.El-Metwally, E.M.E.Risha and A.M.E. Abd El- Salam SEX ATTRACANT PHEROMONES AS APPROACH FOR THE PINK BOLLWORM PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA (SAUNDERS) CONTROL AND THEIR RELATION TO PREDATORS POPULATION 365 Gadallah, A. I.; Khidr, A. A.; El.Awady, S. M. and I. H. El-Nemaky PHEROMONES AS TOOLS FOR BOOLWORMS CONTROL 381 Khidr, A. A. CONTROL OF THE NEEM WHITEFLY ON TOMATO PLANTS WITH NEEM FORMULATIONS AND PLANT EXTRACTS 392 Abdel-Rahman A. G.; El-Shaarawy M. F.; Gomaa A. A. and Azza A. Abdel-Khalek INTRODUCTION Dear guests ladies and Gentlemen, it is me pleasure to welcome you all here on a historic and pharaonic land, near and very close to pyramids, sphinx and on river Nile. After the former 9 workshops hold, also, in very beautiful and well developed two countries i.e. in Germany and in Italy, came the 10th workshop "Practice Oriented Results on Use and Production of Plant Extracts and Pheromones in Integrated and Biological Pest Control." This last workshop held under the auspices of his excellency Prof. Dr. Y. A. Wally, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Agriculture & Land Reclamation of Egypt and Prof. Dr. Mohamed Amer, President of Zagazig University, Egypt. It is organized by Zagazig University; Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Center Egypt, African Development Company (ADCO), Egypt, and Trifolio - M GmbH, Germany. We should always remember that the basic, native experiences and knowledge arose from the developing countries, it means that we learn from each other: northern hemisphere from southern hemisphere and vice versa, neem in this case, it could be consider as a very good example. In Egypt the concept of use plant extract based pesticides, and pheromones for free poisonous residues production is a main goal of the politicians and of Egyptian people as well, but still need more attention. Similar idea had grow well and more developed in my mind through scientific discussion and exchange of scientific papers with Prof. Dr. Schmutterer from Giessen University, Germany since more than fifteen years ago and after that I met Mr. Dr. Kleeberg and his colleagues in Lahnau, Hessen, Germany in 1987. Now I am very proud for that. Since 1960 Egypt had faced a lot of problems with different kinds of pests, i.e agricultural medical and veterinary, this may be due to one side on climatic factors and on intensive production and on other side on the farmer's mentality and their culture. This led to over - and misuse of chemical pesticides which need more foreign currency on one had and affected negatively the natural balance, natural enemies, and low quality of production on the other hand. For these all reasons mentioned before, Egypt was in urgent need of proper solutions. Neem and other plant origin formulations and plant extracts based pesticides as well as pheromones all now consider as promising, more safe, and acceptable means instead of chemical pesticides, but still few considerations as: the cost of some plant extracts based pesticides is high in comparison with chemical ones, the persistence of such alternatives under our field conditions specially during the hot seasons in Egypt which may continue more than eight months every year. The private agricultural sector specially now the idea of organic farming systems, many other authorities, institutions, researchers, extension people, first of all, the Deputy Prime Minister of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, all took very accurate and effective steps to use the alternative compounds. Several decisions, resolutions and recommendations are issued during the last few years to organize the use of inputs of materials as fertilizers and pesticides and other biological means as pheromones, plant extracts, …. for agricultural production specially in some Governorates in Egypt, as Fayoum, Ismailia, and all new reclaimed areas in Toshky, the area of Peace Canal in Sinai, east of Suez Canal, … etc.
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    Global Veterinaria 8 (6): 631-635, 2012 ISSN 1992-6197 © IDOSI Publications, 2012 Prevalence of Bee Lice Braula coeca (Diptera: Braulidae) and Other Perceived Constraints to Honey Bee Production in Wukro Woreda, Tigray Region, Ethiopia 12Adeday Gidey, Shiferaw Mulugeta and 2Abebe Fromsa 1Tigray Region, Bureau of Agriculture, Ethiopia 2College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box: 307, Jimma, Ethiopia Abstract: A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2008 to March 2009 in Wukro Woreda to determine the prevalence of bee lice and other constraints to honey bee production in the area. The result revealed an overall Braula coeca (bee louse) prevalence of 4% in the brood and 5.5% in the adult honey bees, respectively. The prevalence of louse infestation recorded in brood and adult bee of the three peasant associations of Wukro Woreda were, 3.3%, 5% in Genfel, 4.9%, 6% in Adikisandid and 3%, 5%, Aynalem, respectively. There was no statistically significant variation in overall prevalence rates of lice infestation between brood and adult bees and locations (P> 0.05). Factors perceived as major constraints to honeybee production by 51 interviewed farmers were frequent occurrence of drought, lack of bee forage, existence of pests and predators and pesticide poisoning in decreasing order of importance. The beekeepers also listed pests and predators that they considered important to be honey badgers, ant like insects, wax moth, birds, spiders, monkeys, snakes and lizards. According to the response of beekeepers, honey badger attack was a serious problem in the Woreda. This study revealed the presence of real threat to beekeeping and honey production from louse infestation, predators, chemical pollution and drought.
  • Proceedings of the Indiana Academy Of

    Proceedings of the Indiana Academy Of

    : Insects and Other Arthropods of Economic Importance in Indiana in 1959 1 John V. Osmun, Purdue University 2 Weather conditions in Indiana which influence insect occurrence and abundance were in sharp contrast to those experienced in 1957 and 1958. The spring months were near normal, characterized by plentiful rainfall and temperatures only slightly above the averages expected. Insect hatch- ing and emergence responded normally to these early conditions. Early in July, drought conditions began to develop in central and northern Indiana and continued through August with accompanying high tempera- tures; humidity was high. September moisture conditions improved and most agricultural crops matured successfully although earlier than is customary. In general the climatic conditions favored most economically important insects in this region. One new pest, the cattle face fly, appeared in large numbers and is described below. A review of the records and abundance of certain species follows Field and Crop Insects Corn earworm [Heliothis zea (Boddie)]. Tippecanoe County: Ac- cording to light trap collections, corn earworm moths were about five times more numerous in 1959 than in 1958. From June 12 to September 20, 3,636 moths were collected at a single light trap as compared to 752 in 1958. The peak of collections in both years was during the week of Sep- tember 4-10, 2,307 moths being collected during this period in 1959 and 368 in 1958. Sweet corn silking during the early part of September was very heavily attacked with 90% infested ears. Lawrence County: Moths were about 2V2 times more abundant at light traps in 1959 than in 1958.
  • Phylogeny and Population Dynamics in European Reticulitermes and Kalotermes Genera (Insecta, Isoptera)

    Phylogeny and Population Dynamics in European Reticulitermes and Kalotermes Genera (Insecta, Isoptera)

    Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN BIODIVERSITÀ ED EVOLUZIONE Ciclo XXIII Settore scientifico-disciplinare di afferenza: BIO-05 PHYLOGENY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS IN EUROPEAN RETICULITERMES AND KALOTERMES GENERA (INSECTA, ISOPTERA) Presentata da: Dr. Alessandro Velonà Coordinatore Dottorato Relatore Prof. Barbara Mantovani Prof. Barbara Mantovani Esame finale anno 2011 CHAPTER 1 5 ISOPTERA 1.1 MORPHOLOGY 5 1.2 PHYLOGENY AND SYSTEMATICS 6 1.2.1 Origin of the order 6 1.2.2 Intra-order relationships 7 1.3 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION 8 1.3.1 Reproductives 9 1.3.2 Soldiers 10 1.3.3 Workers 11 1.4 COLONY ESTABLISHMENT 11 1.4.1 Swarming 12 1.4.2 Budding 12 1.4.3 Sociotomy 13 1.5 COLONY STRUCTURE 13 1.6 ECOLOGY 14 1.6.1 Feeding behaviour 14 1.6.2 Communication 15 1.6.3 Termite lifetypes 16 1.6.4 Distribution 17 CHAPTER 2 19 MOLECULAR MARKERS 2.1 MITOCHONDRIAL DNA 19 2.2 MICROSATELLITES 20 2.3 INTER-SINE 21 CHAPTER 3 23 STATE OF THE ART AND RESEARCH AIMS 3.1 EUROPEAN TERMITES PHYLOGENY 23 3.2 COLONY GENETIC STRUCTURE 26 3.3 RESEARCH AIMS 27 CHAPTER 4 29 STARTING FROM CRETE, A PHYLOGENETIC RE-ANALYSIS OF THE GENUS RETICULITERMES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA CHAPTER 5 43 MITOCHONDRIAL AND NUCLEAR MARKERS HIGHLIGHT THE BIODIVERSITY OF KALOTERMES FLAVICOLLIS (FABRICIUS, 1793) (INSECTA, ISOPTERA, KALOTERMITIDAE) IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA CHAPTER 6 62 COLONY GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE INVASIVE FORM R. URBIS (ISOPTERA, RHINOTERMITIDAE) AT BAGNACAVALLO (RAVENNA, ITALY) CHAPTER 7 80 COLONY GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE KALOTERMES FLAVICOLLIS POPULATION FROM THE NATURAL RESERVE “DUNA DI FENIGLIA” (GROSSETO, ITALY) CHAPTER 8 100 CONCLUSIONS 8.1 PHYLOGENETIC CONSIDERATIONS 100 8.2 POPULATION DYNAMICS CONSIDERATIONS 101 8.3 PERSPECTIVES 102 REFERENCES 104 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 111 APPENDIX 112 CHAPTER 1 *** ISOPTERA 1.1 MORPHOLOGY Given that the order Isoptera embodies around 2,600 species, each of them subdivided in different castes (figure 1.1), it’s difficult to give a unique description of the morphology of these organisms.