Local Environmental Observer Network

Home , Jokkmokk, Karesuando, Kiruna Municipality, Sami languages

Local Environmental Observer Network the eyes, ears and voice of environmental change Our world is changing rapidly, and local observers can detect subtle changes in weather, landscapes and seascapes, and in plant and animal communities. The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) developed the LEO Network in 2009, recognizing the value of local and traditional knowledge and the need for a tool to document and share environmental observations. The purpose was to increase awareness about vulnerabilities and impacts from climate change, and to connect community members with technical experts. LEO uses web-accessible Google Maps to display observations of unusual or unique environmental events which are then shared with LEO members. The maps contain event descriptions, photos, expert consultations and links to information resources. LEO has grown to include hundreds of participants and is helping to increase understanding about the emerging effects of climate change. CIRCUMPOLAR LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVER NETWORK (CLEO) Under the U.S. Chairmanship of the Arctic Council (AC), partners in the Council’s Arctic Contaminants Action Programme (ACAP) workgroup and its subsidiary Indigenous Peoples Contaminants Action Programme (IPCAP) are building on the success of the LEO network in Alaska and developing the foundation for a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) network. Using funding from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation, ACAP IPCAP members are working with communities in western Canada to establish new LEO observer communities and regional hubs that would lead to a North American regional CLEO network.

Following the successful development of a CLEO chapter in North America, project partners will develop a framework for expanding the CLEO Network into other areas of the Arctic. In June 2016, communities in the Fenno-Scandinavian region will participate in the first workshop on expanding the CLEO beyond North America. Experienced observers and technical experts from North America will meet with communities from the Fenno-Scandinavian region, some who participate in observation networks in their region, to learn about the observer networks and to develop the framework for LEO expansion. The results of this workshop will summarize existing TEK/TLEK community based observation systems in both the US and Finland, mechanisms for connecting TEK to outside technical experts, and identify any gaps that the CLEO project could work to fill. The deliverables to Senior Arctic Officials and Ministers will be: the establishment of the first CLEO Hub in Canadian Arctic and the framework for expansion document that describes future opportunities to expand CLEO across the Arctic. The workshop will take place in Inari, Finland hosted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Finnish Ministry of Environment, the United States Department of State, and the Sami Cultural Center in Sajos. NEW LEO TECHNOLOGY The LEO Network is excited to announce the launch of LEO Reporter, a new mobile app for handheld devices. LEO Reporter is a global map and data interface. It allows observers to post observations through text, audio, and imagery that will be posted to the LEO network. LEO Reporter was designed and tested in rural Alaska to provide robust field reporting capabilities even in the most remote areas. With LEO Reporter, anyone can post an observation, anywhere in the world. Observations taken from locations outside cell service, will automatically upload once service is re-established. The app includes interactive maps, a search engine to explore the LEO observation database and optional observations updates from the Network. You can also engage with topic experts and become part of a broader observer community. LEO Reporter puts powerful, user-friendly, mobile technology in the hands of the user, enabling real-time observations on the front lines of climate change. LEO Reporter follows the success of the LEO viewer A LEO Network Map mobile app, which allows users to experience the posts and observations of LEO users. The LEO Reporter is now available for the iPhone and Android phones.

CONSULTATIONS- BUILDING TEK and TLEK BRIDGES

Community experts provide the local and traditional knowledge component of a consult. There are two types of experts that provide consultations: community experts and technical experts. Community experts ground-truth observations and provide consults based on local and traditional knowledge. They monitor LEO observations locally and regionally, provide consults, and act as points-of-contact. Tribal and community environmental managers participate throughout Alaska as community experts, as well as observers and often as technical experts.

Posts are selected for technical consults based on their importance as indicators of change, as well as relevance to trending topics or the need for technical assistance. LEO observer in Western Alaska Observers receive a notice when their observation is selected for a consult.

LEO Hubs are the regional coordination centers for LEO Network. The Alaska hub CONTACTS: is the Center for Climate and Health at the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. AC CLEO Project US EPA Project Lead: Santina It is also the nerve center for the broader LEO Network, where the maps and Gay, [email protected] databases are housed. New regional hubs (in Canada and elsewhere?) will have the AC CLEO Project US EPA Project Leadt: capacity to review posts, select posts for a formal consult, facilitate communication Patrick Huber, [email protected] with community and technical experts and provide technical assistance. Hubs may For general questions about ACAP’s work and also choose to provide other services such as hosting regional webinars, publishing its CLEO Project: Hodayah Finman, [email protected] e-journals and providing updates to LEO and other groups, organizations and networks. ANTHC Project Lead: Mike Brubaker [email protected] Technical experts provide the science component of a consult. They are usually ANTHC Project Lead: Desirae Roehl located in government agencies, academic institutions or organizations that are [email protected] topic experts. Regional hubs provide leadership in identifying technical experts, based on topic expertise, and the interest and capacity of these organizations to Primary funding for LEO Network has been participate. Consultations provided by community and technical experts are added provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. to complete the map posts. The observers, community experts and technical experts participating in specific topic posts, become a ‘community of practice’ who can collaborate on monitoring, research, publications other types of outreach.

For more information, please visit www.leonetwork.org or email [email protected].

REPORT FROM THE 2ND WORKSHOP ON THE CIRCUMPOLAR ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATION NETWORK (CLEO)

KIRUNA, SWEDEN 16-17TH OF JANUARY 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS List of acronyms and abbreviations used in the report ...... 2 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ...... 3 1. Background ...... 4 1.1. LEO - The Local Environment Observation Network in North America ...... 4 1.2. Further development of LEO into CLEO - a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observation Network ...... 4 2. Preparatory Activities for the 2nd CLEO Workshop in Kiruna ...... 4 3. Presentations and discussions during the 2nd CLEO Workshop ...... 5 3.1. Update from the 1st CLEO-workshop in Inari, Finland ...... 5 3.2. Presentations on current environmental problems in Sápmi ...... 5 3.3. Round table discussion about CLEO´s future - Examples of activities which can develop LEO to CLEO ...... 7 3.4. Conclusions and Way Forward ...... 9 4. Recommendations for Further Activities on CLEO in Sápmi ...... 10 5. Next steps ...... 11 APPENDICES ...... 13

List of acronyms and abbreviations used in the report AACA S. 6

ACAP Arctic Contaminants Action Program,

CAFF S. 6

CLEO Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer Network

CLIFF S. 7

DNA S. 8

EPA s. 4

GPS S. 7

IBCC S. 6

ICT network S.6

IPCAP S. 4

LEO Local Environment Observation Network (in North America)

LKAB Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Ltd (Swedish Mining Company)

NGO:s Non-Governmental Organisation

Ottawa TK Traditional Knowledge in the Ottawa Declaration of the Arctic Council

Swedish EPA Swedish Environmental Protection Agency

TEK Sid 4

UNESCO S. 7

WG meeting S. 4

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The LEO Network was developed by the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) in 2009. They recognized the value of the traditional knowledge and since then started to realize the importance of the emerging effects of climate change. They began searching for a tool to register and exchange environmental observations, including potential contaminants.

The first steps of the Phase Two activities, which include an expansion to the Fenno-Scandinavian region, are underway. Two workshops have taken place, in Inari, Finland in June 2016 and in Kiruna, Sweden in January 2017. CLEO Network focuses on the areas above the Arctic Circle. The presentation on current environmental problems in Sápmi is based on the real-life living conditions. Other presentations discuss the need to combine traditional and scientific knowledge. We know that in the past the science has been misused against the Sami and the Sami traditional knowledge has been underestimated. But nowadays, the Ottawa TK gets more widely used, especially in the Arctic Council. This is an important understanding which is discussed in the many Ministerial Declarations. Both CLEO workshops show us that the traditional Sami and the local knowledge are integrated and they could have a wider impact on the monitoring. The CLEO network can provide information by various methods including oral history. The observations can benefit both the Arctic indigenous people and science to build up a kind of monitoring system. The data is necessary to be used both on a community and government level to predict the future and avoid conflicts. The Arctic Council is a pioneer in using this traditional knowledge.

The Ottawa TK principles define traditional knowledge which combines biological, physiological, cultural and linguistic systems. The definition of how the reindeer herding terms are used is an example. The workshop reports clarify that the small details in the weather changes have a big impact in the ice condition, the grazing land and cause problems in the migration of the reindeer even in a safe season. The observation shows the need to find better tools, equipment and a monitoring system in the circumpolar region that is easy to use.

There are 24 different indigenous reindeer herding people in the circumpolar region spread among 10 different countries. The CLEO network hub could be developed in Sápmi and expanded across the Arctic. To deliver a framework for expansion in Sápmi we need to understand our potential: the historical background in order to understand how the reindeer herding land has been used across borders hundreds of years ago and how the climate change has influenced the social living conditions. The reindeer, human and nature are closely connected with each other and they cannot be separated.

During the Second CLEO Workshop in Kiruna, it was concluded that there are many ongoing activities which could be used as a platform for further development of CLEO such as the Laponia World heritage, the International Reindeer Herder´s Association, Norwegian work on scientific-based monitoring incl. traditional local knowledge, Cooperation between Stockholm university and Laevas Sami village, pilot project in Finland on Local Arctic Environmental Observations by the Sami Educational Centre and Finnish Environment Institute, “Snowchange’s” work on oral history and Sámi traditional, knowledge on environmental issues, activities in primary schools and municipalities and of course the existing network in North America. Based on the outputs from the discussions and exercises made during the workshop, the following activities for further joint cooperation, were suggested: • Access to the LEO experience (Lead: US EPA in Alaska?) • Establish the CLEO Hub for Sápmi • Identify and make available relevant Reports and Studies • Identify and make available relevant Projects and Monitoring Processes • Education Activities and Training of New Observers • Capacity Building of the Hub and others involved in the CLEO work on long term 3

1. Background The Arctic region is facing rapid changes, and indigenous communities are usually the first to notice impacts of climate change and other developments in the region as they have lived in the area for centuries and have accumulated traditional ecological and local knowledge, TEK, which helps them to understand their environment.

1.1. LEO - The Local Environment Observation Network in North America Based on these insights, the Arctic Contaminants Action Program, ACAP, decided to develop a Framework for a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer Network CLEO and fund the establishment of a North American chapter of the Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer Network among permanent participants (PPs) in the United States and Canadian Arctic. The ACAP project focuses on establishing the network to enhance use of TEK both generally and with respect to contaminants. CLEO Network can become a handy tool connecting the holders of this knowledge and eyewitnesses to different changes happening in the Arctic with scientists and policymakers to develop adaptation strategies that will benefit communities across the circumpolar north. Members of the LEO Network established in Alaska and Canada (potentially CLEO Network) can document their observations with the help of a mobile app for handheld devices, called LEO Reporter. LEO Reporter is a global map and data interface that allows observers to post observations through text and imagery. LEO Reporter was designed and tested in rural Alaska to provide robust field reporting capabilities even in the most remote areas. Once an observation has been submitted, it is reviewed by a regional editorial team. If selected, it is published to LEO Map where it can be viewed by the entire network membership. 1.2. Further development of LEO into CLEO - a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observation Network Building on the success of the Alaska-based Local Environmental Observer (LEO) Network and its community-based monitoring network for rural areas, ACAP decided to promote the foundation for a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) Network. The first CLEO workshop took place in Inari, Finland, on 1-3 June 2016. The main outcome of that meeting was a decision to continue cooperation on this project and develop a framework for the expansion of the LEO Network beyond North America and establishing a CLEO Network. After the results of the 1st CLEO Workshop were reported at the ACAP WG meeting in Krasnoyarsk in September 2016, Sweden volunteered to arrange the 2nd CLEO Workshop in Kiruna during late 2016/early 2017.

2. Preparatory Activities for the 2nd CLEO Workshop in Kiruna The 2nd CLEO workshop was arranged by the Swedish EPA and allocated to the northernmost town of Sweden, Kiruna, through the intensive mining industry a well-known meeting point for as well traditional as modern life-styles. In order to deepen the engagement of Swedish Sámi communities and thus try to build prerequisites for a more long term engagement in as well the CLEO issues as in IPCAP-work in general, the Swedish EPA decided to broaden the search for in particular indigenous representatives from the Swedish side in comparison with what had been possible till the first workshop. In order to reach continuity and build further on the Inari output, all the participants who attended the 1st CLEO Workshop were approached as well. 4

The invitees were instructed to describe various aspects such as existing environmental problems, and/or existing and wanted environmental projects/monitoring processes as well as to address a wished development of the CLEO Idea. Having got the quite strong response from the former and new invitees, the programme was shaped, based on the topics that were raised. See the Programme List in Appendix 1 and Participant in Appendix 2.

3. Presentations and discussions during the 2nd CLEO Workshop Below short summaries of the presentations and related discussions are reflected. For full presentations, please see Appendix 3. 3.1. Update from the 1st CLEO-workshop in Inari, Finland Presentations from the 1st CLEO-Workshop in Inari in June 2016, were given according to the programme. For details, please see the presentations in the following appendices:

App. 3i - Introduction to LEO and CLEO (Santina Gay)

App. 3ii - Follow-up on CLEO workshop Inari (Henna Haapala)

App. 3iii - Experiences of CBM and EcoRestoration (Tero Mustonen)

3.2. Presentations on current environmental problems in Sápmi Agenda item 4i - The Sami Educational Centre does Local Arctic Environmental Observations. Mr Mika Aromäki made a presentation about the school and the reindeer students who focused on water monitoring by using local knowledge. The project is aimed to train and demonstrate the local environmental observations together with the Sami Educational Centre and the Finnish Environment Institute. The participants in the project will learn from different activities on local observations and traditional knowledge, as well as utilize the different tools for local observations. The applications used are based on the national level system for local observations in order to enable long-term input of observations from the Arctic and the recognition of these observations by wider audience. The students had expert advice and they decided to do a special practical test designed by the Finnish Environmental Institute as a tool with several indicators which included measuring the water temperature below the surface, the oxygen and pH and observation on the water purity. A smart phone was used to collect the data and put it on the website diagram. The students even took photos of the water to see its quality. This is just a prototype of a small device which caused some problems. The device is approximately as big as a coffee-maker. Mr Mika Aromäki said that the experience showed the students wanted to learn more. The frozen water was a challenge and the ice was limiting the project work during the school year. The results show that the water temperature has dramatically changed over the year. The school media program was involved in monitoring observation. They interviewed people with traditional knowledge which has been used to describe the change and collected data of different ground changes. The environment has a big effect in the overall change. The water project became wider from its beginning with more data collected. Some projects have suddenly stopped for different reasons. The local reindeer herders inspired the participants to observe the environmental changes and the problems they caused, for example, the sudden heavy rains.

Agenda item 4ii - Mr Anders Oskal represents the Norwegian Sami in The International Centre for Reindeer Husbandry - the organization which has been an observer to the Arctic Council since the year 2000. 5

This organization discusses different aspects of traditional knowledge, as they call it community-based monitoring. There are 24 indigenous reindeer-herding peoples in the circumpolar region spread among 10 different countries. The observation is based on the nomadic way of living - a system in which the human being, animal and nature are intertwined. Other types of interests, has started to be identified and defined such as lifestyle and research in the Barrens area.

Mr Oskal said the Ottawa TK principles define traditional knowledge which is a combination of biological, physiological, cultural and linguistic systems. This knowledge is universal. For example, the knowledge of snow was defined with 318 different terms by a reindeer-herder with a PhD in linguistics. This knowledge-based approach can be used to improve the understanding in the Arctic Council which has been a pioneer using this knowledge. The IBCC report is about combined use of scientific and traditional indigenous knowledge which is highlighted, especially in the Arctic Council. In the long run, the focus is on the capacity building for the locals who are most dependent on climate, nature changes and globalization on top. Small details in the weather conditions can have a big impact, for example, the ice condition which caused a problem for the migrating reindeer even in a safe season which could be unsafe. The food security is another concern. Historically, the Sami have been a research object but now the Sami themselves have PhD – a degree they could never have before. It is important to find how to bridge the gap between these knowledge systems. Mr Oskal’s suggested trans-boundary institutions. He informed the participants about the most important meeting arena, arranged every 4th year – the next World Reindeer Herder’s Congress which is going to be held in Jokkmokk in August 2017.

Agenda item 4iii - Environmental Issues in Kiruna and how they are managed. Presentation by Åke Jönsson Environmental Inspector, Kiruna City and Municipal Administration Mr Jönsson who works as an Environmental Inspector at the Environmental Office in Kiruna Municipality gave some information about Kiruna Municipality and the main professions in the area, including the reindeer herding. The company LKAB is the biggest pollutor and its mining activities affects everybody.

One part of the Office job includes doing tests on the food and the environment but Mr Jönsson also works for the city transformation. He explained the new plan of moving the city which included cleaning of the polluted soils before building on the land. The soil tests and the cleaning are very expensive.

Agenda item 4iv - Mr Niila Inga, Chair of Laevas Sami community and Professor Gunhild Ninis Rosqvist from Stockholm University who work together on a project informed about the monitoring of climate change by Laevas Reindeer Herding Community and Tarfala Research Station. Laevas Sami area stretches from Kiruna in the east to the Norwegian border to the west. The Tarfala Research started in 1946 by collecting a wide range of data valuable today. Earlier, nothing monitored benefitted the local population. Laevas and the research started to communicate about cooperation that had a meaning for the reindeer herders. Nowadays, the herders can participate into the monitoring. The reindeer are followed by a GPS which is put on their neck, and the reindeer behavior according to the weather is indicated on a cell phone.

Since 2005, the temperature is getting warmer and the snow conditions have been bad for the reindeer which causes different problems. One day of raining can affect the reindeer for a long time.

Mr Inga said it was a good thing they had the data about everything already to see the full impact by monitoring the climate change and other factors destroying the grazing land. In the big view, competing industries, windmill parks, predators, tourists and other disturbances can have a big impact on the reindeer herding.

The research in Laevas Sami village includes the society with collaborators in Nuuk in Greenland, and hopefully a place in Russia in the future. The scientific paths discuss the multiple pressures on Arctic landscapes. Professor Rosquist represents a kind of hub that benefits Laevas Sami village and the science. She emphasizes there is a lack of this knowledge which is interesting for both people and the media. The conflicts of land use were also part of the discussion. Mr Inga said it was necessary to find new techniques and equipment for the herders to handle the daily data observed and to see the change themselves.

3.3. Round table discussion about CLEO´s future - Examples of activities which can develop LEO to CLEO Agenda item 5i - Mrs Åsa Nordin Jonsson, the Head of the Management Organisation in Laponia, talks about the World Heritage Area, the head centre and the visitor centre which had 10 000 visitors last year. Laponia is an organization, not an authority. Laponia Heritage, a World Heritage since 1996, consists of 9 Sami villages and two National Parks which are established in 1909 and are the oldest in Sweden. The area became a World Heritage because of the Sami culture and the nature. But in 1912 a part from the National park was taken for a hydro-electric power project.

UNESCO demanded that the local Governance should include the Sami people into the management of the area and the Sami people to be the majority of the Board. The Municipality of Gällivare accepted the idea of consensus agreement according to which all the different parts should stand behind their decisions. (This was totally new in Sweden.) Laponia has a visitor centre, regular Board Meetings, working groups following the management plan and three concepts used in everything: the value of nature, the reindeer herding, Sami culture and the traces of the earlier users. It continues working with the Arbediehtu (traditional knowledge to do good management work), Savvinlatnja (a kind of learning concept to learn from each other) and Addedeapmi (invitating the local people to inform and discuss what we are doing). These have been successfully used as working tools. Everybody in the society is involved in the meetings – men, young people, women and professionals who regularly use the land. Different ways and methods are used to integrate the local knowledge into the monitoring system. Without listening to the local people and their knowledge which provides a good support and observation, it is not possible to know anything about the fish changing and migration in the area in the overall history. Laponia works also with languages, giving back the original names to different places in the area used before, organizing different Sami groups.

Reflections after the presentation

Mr Oskal commented on the Laponia project and said: “This is the best case in the Arctic establishment, involved actively and driven by indigenous people.“ Mrs Santana from LEO network explained: “This is exactly the kind of information that the CLEO members can benefit from.“ Mr Åke Mikaelsson concluded: “The environmental project needs to train the people involved and express their concerns about the monitoring as well as use young people’s curiosity.”

Agenda item 5ii - Mr Nils Vasara-Hammare from Kiruna School Administration is the principal of two schools in the northernmost part of Kiruna municipality: Karesuando and Övre Soppero. He presented the environmental observations of Övre Soppero school project.

The primary school in Övre Soppero is multicultural, up to the 6th class. Most of school children come from Övre Soppero, belong to reindeer-herding families and grow up in a versatile socio-cultural environment. The school project was to learn about the salmon and to fish in the Laino river. The children went to Jårkastaka which is a popular tourist fishing area but found a lot of waste in nature and contacted Kiruna municipality which replied it was not the school’s responsibility to clean the environment. From this answer, it continued as an environmental school project to clean up the nature in the area. Mr Vasara-Hammare’s conclusion from this project is it is good for the children to know how to protect nature but it is not the children’s responsibility to clean the environment. The main issue raised in this project is whose responsibility is the environment protection. Mr Vasara-Hammare is asking himself if the distance between Kiruna and Jårkastaka is so big, that Kiruna Municipality cannot reach out to clean. The authority gives the permission to use the fishing areas and the land but they do not take responsibility over their protection. Mr Vasara-Hammare mentioned only that it is in the typical fishing areas and in the well-known salmon river.

Mrs Santina Gay suggested the school to take part in the CLEO network and do observations with others in nature. LEO has signed up schools in Alaska with a different curricula shared with other schools to be part of the network. The teachers and the adults are involved in the study of changing the climate, nature and resourcing. The students learn how to make observations, they reinforce what they have learned and they continuously study to be part of nature. It is about the context of the observer and connecting students together.

Agenda item 5iv - Mr Nils Vasara-Hammare, also the Chairman of the Könkemä Sami Community talked about transboundary work of the Reindeer Pasture Commission. The reindeer herders used the land and migrated across the border areas for many hundreds of years according to a convention which regulated the regular migration across the border and its time. But now this convention does not exist and there is a process towards its renewal. It is important to know how the land was divided and regulated. Könkemä district has the summer graze in the mountains of Norway where reindeer calf marking is done. In autumn, spring and winter the land in Sweden, near Karesuando is used. Almost all the Sami grazing lands are in Norway.

Mr Vasara-Hammare gave a short European history lesson about the border agreement and he clarified that the coders’ main points from 1751 regulated how the reindeer cross-border land was used hundreds of years ago. The history also shows also the cross-border migration to Finland which was a part of the Empire of Russia from 1809. He talked also how the coders of the 1751 convention were applied from 1905 again at the same time when Norway became an independent state after the union with Sweden from 1814 to 1905. Not long after 1905, the Sami were considered to be a lower race and this fact had a wide influence on the convention coming into force in 1919. From this time on, the Sami could not use the land in Norway and the islands in the Atlantic Ocean. The movement of the reindeer herding has changed since then. The main issue is still who has the rights to keep the reindeer in certain areas and it is still a problem. Nowadays, we also understand that the environmental issues, the impact of the climate change, the social living conditions how to use the land need to be taken into consideration. In brief, the reindeer, human and nature are closely connected with each other and they cannot be separated.

Agenda item 5iii - Mrs Vigdis Johnson, County Governor of Finnmark and a member of IPCAP expert group presented the feasibility study about CLEO Network in Norway.

Mrs Johnson discussed the environmental monitoring project in Norway. The scientific-based monitoring can be strengthened by the traditional local knowledge but there is lack of tools and standard methods how to implement the traditional local knowledge. Today, there is no network in Norway monitoring climate changes.

Mrs Johnson said the CLEO project applied for funding at the Ministry of Climate and the Environment. When the project starts more information will be given about the CLEO network to different organizations and the locals via the local newspapers. It is necessary to anchor the local Norwegian interest to start a small pilot project, to get feedback from institutions and to find partners. According to her, the advantages of the CLEO network are that it is a great way of communicating, a possibility of meeting different knowledge systems and identifying a few Norwegian hubs. Scientific observation of the Arctic tundra has already been done. This includes a school project.

Norwegian legislation in brief: The Nature Diversity Act which is a new act to protect the biological, geological and landscape diversity came in 2009. Environmental conservation and sustainable use are the main issues. It says, for example, that the authorities should attach importance based on experience of many generations, especially the Sami traditional use of the land.

According to § 8 the authorities shall attach importance to knowledge that is based on many generations of experience acquired through the use of and interaction with the natural environment, including traditional Sami use, and that can promote the conservation and sustainable use of biological, geological and landscape diversity.

There was a positive response from the audience. The Governor of Finnmark, Norway made an invitation to Mrs Johnson to go and make a wider presentation about the CLEO network in the CAFF meeting in Kautokeino.

A question raised during the discussion by Post Doc Camilla Brattland regarded the translation into the Sami languages, so the information about the CLEO network could reach everyone.

Agenda item 5v - Joint Exercise on Sámi Traditional Knowledge and Oral Histories in Environmental Issues Case studies: (Mr Tero Mustonen, Snowchange) Based on four case studies – one from each of the four Sámi countries Finland, Norway, Sweden and Russia – various examples of distorsions to Sámi life due to infrastructure or larger man-made processes were described in a training material prepared by Mr Tero Mustonen and used as base for practical discussions on aimed at highlighting the use of oral history also as method for describing and solving environmental issues. The four cases are listed below and can be found in Appendices 5v: a) Large reservoirs in Vuotso, Finland, b) Detection and assessment of climate impact, Kola Peninsula, Russia, c) Hydropower in Jokkmokk, Sweden, d) Restoration and monitoring of habitats in Näätämö/Neiden basin, Finland and Norway.

3.4. Conclusions and Way Forward As an attempt to use the fact of having gathered a rather large group of engaged people with good knowledge on the Sámi community and environmental issues, a workshop was held at the end of Day 2, in which the participants were asked to discuss and write down their ideas on the possible 9 continuation of the CLEO concept in Sápmi. The result of the exercise, led by Åke Mikaelsson, is presented in the Appendix 6i.

4. Recommendations for Further Activities on CLEO in Sápmi In follow of the conclusions and suggestions that were expressed during the workshop in the afternoon of the 17th of January, the Swedish EPA elaborated the following recommendations for further activities for the launching of a CLEO – Network in Sápmi (Please comment and propose any changes you deem necessary!).

Activity 1 – Access to the LEO experience (Lead: US EPA in Alaska?) a) Select relevant outreach materials produced by LEO and make it available to the Sápmi community [US EPA Alaska – Ms Santina Gay + others?] b) Translate the selected LEO-Outreach material into Sámi languages as well as into Finnish/Norwegian/Swedish/Russian languages. Use funds for translation at the Arctic Council Secretariat. [Appointed translators to relevant languages] c) Define a broad Target Group (potential users) within the Sàmi communities, incl. Sámi villages, Sámi associations, Sámi schools etc, using the relevant of the ordinary contact channels used within the community. Define lists with contact persons with address etc. [All partners together with “the Hub”?] d) Conduct an Outreach Activity to the Target Group – Announcing activities and inviting to test and comment the LEO-Outreach material. (This could be made as well as a web-based activity as a set of physical meetings at relevant places and occasions). [“the Hub”?] e) Invite the respondees to the Outreach activities to join LEO and give input to the new CLEO to be built up. [“the Hub”?]

Activity 2 – Establish the CLEO Hub for Sápmi* (International Reindeer Herding Centre?) a) Define how the North American Hub(s) are organized. What tasks are included? How do they work? How is the data validation and data security arranged? What adaptations are needed in Sápmi for the first stage? For more long term operations? [Ms Santina Gay + IRHC + others?] b) Elaborate a draft “Terms of References” for the Sápmi Hub, based on/referring to the North American experience but with necessary amendments. [Ms Santina Gay + IRHC + others?] c) Align the ToR also with the perquisites and activities set in the Norwegian LEO Project d) Start up the Hub! [Ms Santina Gay + IRHC + others?] e) Take on board the LEO Outreach materials selected and translated in Activity 1a-1b and link to LEO web-site. [“the Hub”] f) Conduct the Outreach activity in Activity 1d – 1e and invite also CLEO members! [“the Hub”] g) Establish platforms for “own materials” from the Sápmi area, see Activity 3 – 5. [“the Hub”] h)

Activity 3 – Identify and make available relevant Reports and Studies (Sámi Educational Center & Snowchange?) a) Select or produce materials from reports and other knowledge sources deemed relevant for the CLEO platform such as Wikijärvi, Atlas on Community Based Management, videos, links to relevant Arctic Council reports (Snow, Water, Ice, Permafrost in the Arctic, Adaptation Actions for a Changing Arctic, Arctic Reslience Report and Circumpolar Biodiversity Reports (marine, terrestrial, freshwater, coastal) [ all stakeholders]] b) Work out the technical interoperability between the national citizens observation systems and with LEO-network to share the data (both from national to CLEO system and from CLEO to national) [LEO operator in US + national operators (like SYKE) in other countries]

c) Make the necessary (pedagogical etc.) adaptations and translations. [Sami Educational Center & Snowchange?] Sámi Education Institute is currently carrying out activities related to observations within their educational program and delivering this issue also in their cooperation projects with Sami youth over the Sapmi area

Activity 4 – Identify and make available relevant Projects and Monitoring Processes (Swedish EPA) a) Identify, adapt and make available relevant parts of National Environmental Monitoring Programmes [Swedish EPA + others] b) Identify, adapt and make available relevant parts of the work in Laponia [Laponia adm.] c) Identify, adapt and make available relevant parts of the Laevas Project [Laevas + Sthlm Univ.] d) Identify, adapt and make available relevant parts of ……

Activity 5 – Education Activities and Training of New Observers a) Identify pilot primary schools and pilot secondary schools for environmental education and observation training (schools each in NO/SE/FI/RU) [Nils Vasara-Hammare + Mika Aromäki? + others] This work is now on-going in one secondary school in Finland, in the Sámi Education Institute. This education is based on the work and systems already created in Finland (at SYKE) for the Citizens observations.

b) Identify eight pilot Sámi communities and eight pilot NGO:s (nature protection associations, fishers, hunters and hikers, etc.) in NO/SE/FI/RU for environmental education and observation training [???] c) Elaborate and conduct training exercises on various topics (Climate, Biodiversity, Infrastructure) for the pilot primary and pilot secondary schools, the pilot Sámi communities and pilot NGO:s, aiming at attracting new reporters to CLEO and using various methods incl. oral history d) Elaborate and conduct campaigns for the general public (through newspapers, web, regional TV, etc.), aiming at attracting new reporters to CLEO

Activity 6 –Capacity Building of the Hub and others involved in the CLEO work – LONG TERM! a) Elaborate and conduct trainings in Environmental Monitoring, Data Analysis, Reporting etc. b) Elaborate and conduct trainings in Data Security and verification issues c) Elaborate and conduct trainings in Archive Methodology d) …

The recommendations above may be seen as a first draft to a Work Plan for the implementation of CLEO in Sápmi. Its refinement and official adoption should be settled jointly at a later CLEO meeting but could be discussed by the participants of the 2nd CLEO Workshop (and others) and be re-edited into refined drafts till a later CLEO meeting.

“Can we find a safe, ethical and trustworthy network in the CLEO before starting up a hub?”

“Are the Sami locals interested to be observed or to be the observer themselves?”

5. Next steps In order to get the proposed activities discussed and hopefully formalized into an Operative Work Plan for further CLEO-implementation, the following steps of actions are proposed:

• Discussion and refinement of this Draft Report via e-mail, with focus on Section 5, until the end of March 2017. • Telephone meeting with the participants in the CLEO I and II workshops in order to Agree on this first CLEO Implementation Work Plan and distribution of tasks etc by appointing task forces, steering committees, or whatever is deemed necessary for getting the things done. • Conduct a 3rd CLEO Workshop, possibly in adjacy to the planned Meeting of the International Reindeer Herders in Jokkmokk in August 2017.

Further steps (to be determined by the CLEO group)

APPENDICES A. Participant List

B. Programme

C. Presentations

3i - Introduction to LEO and CLEO (Santina Gay)

3ii - Follow-up on CLEO workshop Inari (Henna Haapala)

3iii - Experiences of CBM and EcoRestoration (Tero Mustonen)

4i - Local Arctic Env Observations (Mika Aromäki)

4ii - Environment Mgm in Kiruna (Åke Jönsson)

4iii - ITK and CommunityBasedMonitoring (Anders Oskal)

4iv - ClimateMonitoring in Laevas SamiCom (Niila Inga)

5i - Laponia Wolrd Heritage (Åsa Jonsson Lundin)

5iii - FS on CLEO Network in Norway (Vigdis Johnsen)

5v Guidance to Case studies (Tero Mustonen)

5va) Vuotso Case (Tero Mustonen)

5vb) Kola Sami Case (Tero Mustonen)

5vc) Jokkmokk Case (Tero Mustonen)

5vd) Neiden Case (Tero Mustonen)

6i - Conclusions and Way Forward (Joint Workshop Outputs)

REPORT FROM THE 2ND WORKSHOP ON THE CIRCUMPOLAR ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATION NETWORK (CLEO)

KIRUNA, SWEDEN 16-17TH OF JANUARY 2017

List of acronyms and abbreviations used in the report AACA S. 6

ACAP Arctic Contaminants Action Program,

CAFF S. 6

CLEO Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer Network

CLIFF S. 7

DNA S. 8

EPA s. 4

GPS S. 7

IBCC S. 6

ICT network S.6

IPCAP S. 4

LEO Local Environment Observation Network (in North America)

LKAB Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Ltd (Swedish Mining Company)

NGO:s Non-Governmental Organisation

Ottawa TK Traditional Knowledge in the Ottawa Declaration of the Arctic Council

Swedish EPA Swedish Environmental Protection Agency

TEK Sid 4

UNESCO S. 7

WG meeting S. 4

App. 3i - Introduction to LEO and CLEO (Santina Gay)

App. 3ii - Follow-up on CLEO workshop Inari (Henna Haapala)

App. 3iii - Experiences of CBM and EcoRestoration (Tero Mustonen)

Since 2005, the temperature is getting warmer and the snow conditions have been bad for the reindeer which causes different problems. One day of raining can affect the reindeer for a long time.

Reflections after the presentation

Agenda item 5iii - Mrs Vigdis Johnson, County Governor of Finnmark and a member of IPCAP expert group presented the feasibility study about CLEO Network in Norway.

There was a positive response from the audience. Prof. Svein Mathiesen wanted a presentation about CLEO network in the CAFF meeting in Kautokeino.

A question raised during the discussion by Post Doc Camilla Brattland regarded the translation into the Sami languages, so the information about the CLEO network could reach everyone.

9 continuation of the CLEO concept in Sápmi. The result of the exercise, led by Åke Mikaelsson, is presented in the Appendix 6i.

“Can we find a safe, ethical and trustworthy network in the CLEO before starting up a hub?”

“Are the Sami locals interested to be observed or to be the observer themselves?”

5. Next steps In order to get the proposed activities discussed and hopefully formalized into an Operative Work Plan for further CLEO-implementation, the following steps of actions are proposed:

Further steps (to be determined by the CLEO group)

APPENDICES A. Participant List

B. Programme

C. Presentations

3i - Introduction to LEO and CLEO (Santina Gay)

3ii - Follow-up on CLEO workshop Inari (Henna Haapala)

3iii - Experiences of CBM and EcoRestoration (Tero Mustonen)

4i - Local Arctic Env Observations (Mika Aromäki)

4ii - Environment Mgm in Kiruna (Åke Jönsson)

4iii - ITK and CommunityBasedMonitoring (Anders Oskal)

4iv - ClimateMonitoring in Laevas SamiCom (Niila Inga)

5i - Laponia Wolrd Heritage (Åsa Jonsson Lundin)

5iii - FS on CLEO Network in Norway (Vigdis Johnsen)

5v Guidance to Case studies (Tero Mustonen)

5va) Vuotso Case (Tero Mustonen)

5vb) Kola Sami Case (Tero Mustonen)

5vc) Jokkmokk Case (Tero Mustonen)

5vd) Neiden Case (Tero Mustonen)

6i - Conclusions and Way Forward (Joint Workshop Outputs)

Navn på virksomhet, organisasjon, enhet, distrikt eller tilsvarende.

Avdeling/seksjon/filial/driftsenhet eller tilsvarende

Hva er din rolle i virksomheten/enheten?

Kjenner du til LEO network? Ja, godt Ja, litt Har hørt om det Nei Kommentar

Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) Network bygger på suksessen til LEO Network, som brukes i Alaska og Canada. Målet er sirkumpolar bruk. Lokalkunnskap og tradisjonell kunnskap brukes til å observere og dokumentere hvordan økosystemer og naturbruk påvirkes av klimaendringer (metode kalt Community Based Monitoring).

Gjennom dette amerikanske prosjektet og det arktiske miljøsamarbeidet under ACAP/Arktisk råd, er de nordiske landene oppmuntret til å støtte opp om og ta i bruk CLEO Network. Siden samisk tradisjonell naturbruk opprettholder den tradisjonelle kunnskapen, håper de særlig at folk i Sápmi er interesserte i å ta det i bruk. Alle som har interesse for natur, naturbruk og klimaspørsmål kan delta ved å opprette brukerprofil i LEO network. Brukerprofilen kan enten være personlig, eller som talsperson for en gruppe, lokalsamfunn, siida, skoleklasse og lignende.

Observere, registrere og utforske Har du sett eller undret deg over uvanlige endringer eller hendelser i naturen? Uvanlige insekt, fisk eller dyr? Har vegetasjonen endret seg? Kanskje et tegn på klimaendring? Uvanlig isete vinterbeiter for reinsdyr? Tidlig vår? Palsmyr som smelter? Det er noen eksempler på hva som kan deles i CLEO Network. Det må oppgis tid, sted, foto og en kort beskrivelse av hva som er sett.

Medlemmer kan lese alt som publiseres i nettverket. Alle observasjoner vises på kart med tekst og eventuelle kommentarer. Dine søk kan filtreres ut fra tema, aktivitet/prosjekt, årstid, årstall og land/regioner. Du kan se temavise kart, statistikker, tidslinje og laste ned data.

CLEO network - et møtested CLEO network er et verktøy som kan gjøre tradisjonell kunnskap mer tilgjengelig og anerkjent, og som åpner for kommunikasjon og læring. Naturen kan oppleves og undersøkes på ulike måter. I vårt moderne samfunn er mye lokal-, erfaringsbasert og tradisjonell kunnskap i ferd med å forsvinne. En reineier kan for eksempel ha særdeles deltaljrike beskrivelser av is og snø, og kan dermed oppdage og endringer på andre måter enn enn den vitenskapelige forskeren.

Kommentarfeltet brukes til å informere, kommentere og stille spørsmål om de enkelte observasjoner, se eksempel på bildet. Det er enkelt å finne andre medlemmer, eksperter og konsulenter. For å møte fremtidens utfordringer og tilpasse seg endringer, er det anbefalt å bygge ny kunnskap om klimaendringer på tvers av ulike erfarings- og kunnskapsgrunnlag, se blant annet AMAP rapporten Adaptation Actions for a Changing Arctic (AACA) Barents Area.

Er du interessert i nyheter fra LEO/CLEO Network? Ja Ja, hvis det er tilpasset samiske / norske forhold Kanskje Nei Kommentar

Kan du tenke deg å bruke CLEO network? Ja Ja, hvis det tilpasses samiske / norske forhold Kanskje Nei Kommentar Støttefunksjoner For at samiske og norske CLEO-medlemmer skal få best mulig nytte av verktøyet, er det behov for tilpasning og ulike støttefunksjoner. Samisk og norsk språk må forutsettes. Nå driftes LEO network av Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. De driver et kompetansesenter og redaksjon, informerer, har opplæring, svartjeneste, utvikler nettstedet og lager nyheter. Når en observasjon meldes inn i nettverket, gjør de en grov vurdering/validering av den før det publiseres i nettverket. De prøver samtidig å finne noen eksperter eller fagpersoner som bør informere eller svare på observasjonen. I tillegg finnes noen mindre regionale kontorer og et kompetansesenter i Canada.

Hvilke virksomheter kan kontaktes for å svare på spørsmål fra CLEO network - på kort og lang sikt? Finnes det ett eller flere kompetansemiljø i Sápmi eller Norge som kan tenke seg å drive brukerstøtte innen enkelte tema, eller utgjøre kompetansesenter? Ønsker noen å prøve det i et eventuelt prosjekt? Hittil har International Centre for Reindeer Husbandry meldt sin interesse for å utvikle brukerstøtte for medlemmer i Sápmi samt Russland, Kina og Mongolia.

Har dere synspunkt om bruk av CLEO Network i Sápmi og/eller Norge?

Vil dere vurdere å samarbeide med CLEO Network? Ja, i periode for å prøve ut CLEO network Ja, på kort og lang sikt Kanskje Nei Har behov for å vite mer Kommentar

Er noen i din virksomhet/enhet interessert i å delta i et eventuelt prosjekt for å teste CLEO-nettverk? Ja Litt interessert Ganske interessert Veldig interessert Kanskje, det avhenger av type og omfang på prosjekt Nei Kommentar

Hvis CLEO Network skal prøves ut i et prosjekt neste år, i hvilken grad kan noen i din virksomhet sette av tid til å svare på enkelte spørsmål fra CLEO Network? I svært liten grad (noen minutter i året) Til en viss grad (noen få timer i året) I stor grad (flere timer i året) Kan vurderes, vil vite mer Vet ikke Nei, ikke aktuelt Utdypende kommentar:

Dersom CLEO network skal testes i et prosjekt, hva kan deres virksomhet eventuelt bidra med? Velg ett eller flere svar Kan informere/fortelle andre om CLEO network Kan utnevne kontaktperson(er) for utvalgte tema Kan informere om relevante tema Kan svare på spørsmål fra CLEO network redaksjon/administrasjon Hjelpe til med å finne relevante personer som kan kontaktes Hjelpe til med å utvikle/forbedre CLEO network Usikker, må undersøkes nærmere Nei, ikke aktuelt Kommentarer

Er noen i deres virksomhet interessert i å lage/utvikle et prosjekt for å teste CLEO-nettverk i Sápmi eller Norge? Ja, litt interessert Ja, ganske interessert Ja, veldig interessert Kan vurderes nærmere, vil vite mer Vet ikke Nei Kommentar

Er din virksomhet/enhet interessert i å utvikle brukerstøtte/kompetansesenter for å drifte CLEO Network? Ja, i en prøveperiode Ja, på kort og lengre sikt Kanskje, kan vurderes Nei Vet ikke, trenger mer informasjon først Utfyllende kommentar

Vil du ha mer informasjon om CLEO? Ja, jeg vil ha mer informasjon på e-post Ja, jeg bli oppringt Ja, jeg vil delta i et møte/telefonmøte Nei

Er du interessert i å delta på 1 times nettmøte/webinar om CLEO network? Ja, meld på! Kanskje Nei Kommentar / spørsmål ?

Har du andre spørsmål eller kommentarer om CLEO network?

Registrer din e-post hvis du ønsker mer informasjon eller vil bli kontaktet.

Du er ferdig! Tusen takk for svaret! Doaimma, organisašuvdna, ovttadaga, guovllu dahje sullasačča namma.

Ossodat/juogus/filiála/doaibmaovttadat dahje sullasaš.

Mii du rolla lea doaimmas/ovttadagas?

Dovddat go LEO Networka? Juo, bures Juo, veaháš Lean gullan dan birra In Kommentára

Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) Network vuoddun lea LEO Network lihkostuvvan, mii adno Alaskas ja Kanádas. Ulbmil lea sirkumpolára atnin. Báikkálaš máhttu ja árbevirolaš máhttu sáhttá adnot áicat ja duodaštit mot dálkkádatrievdadusat váikkuhit ekovuogádahkii ja luonddugeavaheapmái (metoda gohčoduvvon Community Based Monitoring).

Amerihkálaš prošeavtta ja árktalaš birasovttasbarggu bokte ACAP:s / Árktalaš rádis, davviriikkat leat movttiiduvvon doarjut ja atnigoahtit CLEO Network. Sii sávvet ahte erenoamážit olbmot Sámis beroštit atnigoahtit dan daningo sámi árbevirolaš luonddudoallu bisuha árbevirolaš máhtu. Buohkat geat beroštit luonddus, luonddudoalus ja dálkkádatgažaldagain sáhttet dál juo searvat go ásahit geavaheaddjiprofiilla LEO Networkas. Geavaheaddjiprofiila sáhttá leat juogo persovnnalaš, dahje muhtun joavkku ovddas, báikegoddi, siida, skuvlaluohkká ja sullasaš.

Áicat, registreret ja didoštit Leatgo áican dahje imaštallan eahpedábálaš luonddurievdadusaid dahje luonddudáhpáhusaid? Eahpedábálaš divrrit, guolit dahje eallit? Leago šaddogeardi rievdan? Soaitá dálkkádatrievdadussii mearkan? Eahpedábálaš jikŋon dálveguohtumat bohccuide? Árra gidda? Balsajeaggi mii suddá? Dá leat muhtun ovdamearkkat maid sáhttá juogadit CLEO Networkas. Galgá almmuhit áiggi, báikki, gova ja oanehis čilgehusa das maid lea oaidnán.

Miellahtut sáhttet lohkat visot mii almmuhuvvo fierpmádagas. Buot áicamat čájehuvvojit kárttas teavsttain ja vejolaš kommentáraiguin. Du ohcamiid sáhttá čuoldit fáttáid, doaimma/prošeavtta, jahkodaga, jahkelogu ja riikka/guovllu mielde. Don sáhtát geahččat fáttáid mielde kárttaid, statistihkaid, áigelinjjáid ja viežžat dieđuid.

CLEO network - deaivvadanbáiki CLEO Network lea reaidu mii sáhttá dahkat ahte árbevirolaš máhttu lea eambbo olámuttos ja dohkkehuvvo, ja mii rahpá geainnu gulahallamii ja oahppamii. Luonddu sáhttá vásihit ja guorahallat iešgudet ládje. Min oddaáigásaš servodagas lea ollu báikkálaš-, vásáhusvuđot ja árbevirolaš máhttu jávkame. Boazodoallis sáhttet ovdamearkka dihte leat hui ollu čilgehusat jieŋas ja muohttagis, ja son sáhttá danne fuobmát nai rievdamiid eará ládje go dieđalaš dutki.

Mearkkášanoassi juohke dárkkisteames geavahuvvo dieđihitheapmai, muitaleapmái ja gážaldagaide, geahča ovdamearka govas. Lea álki gávdnat eará miellahtuid, áššedovdiid ja konsuleanttaid. Dusten dihte boahtteáiggi hástalusaid ja heivehit rievdadusaide, de lea rávvejuvvon hukset ođđa máhtu dálkkádatrievdadusaid birra iešguđet vásáhus- ja máhttovuođuid rastá, geahča earret eará AMAP raportta Adaptation Actions for a Changing Arctic (AACA) Barents Area.

Beroštat go LEO/CLEO Networka oddasiin? Juo Juo, jus dat leat heivehuvvon sámi / norgga dilálašvuođaide Soaittán In Kommentára

Sáhtašivččet go atnigoahtit CLEO Networka? Juo Juo, jus dat leat heivehuvvon sámi / norgga dilálašvuođaide Soaittán In Kommentára

Doarjjafunkšuvnnat Heiveheapmi ja iešguđet doarjjafunkšuvnnat dárbbašuvvojit vai sámi ja norgga CLEO-miellahtut galget oažžut buoremus ávkki reaiddus. Danin ferte leat sámegiella ja dárogiella. Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium dál jođiha LEO Networka. Sii jođihit gealboguovddáža ja doaimmahusa, dieđihit, sis lea oahpahus, vástidanbálvalus, ovddidit neahttabáikki ja ráhkadit ođđasiid. Go dárkun dieđihuvvo fierpmádahkii, de sii dahket obbalaš árvvoštallama/validerema das ovdalgo dan almmuhit fierpmádagas. Sii geahččalit seammás gávdnat muhtun áššedovdiid dahje fágaolbmuid geat berrejit muitalit dahje vástidit dárkuma. Dasa lassin gávdnojit muhtun smávit guvllolaš kantuvrrat ja okta gealboguovddáš Kanádas.

Makkár doaimmaiguin sáhttá váldit oktavuođa vástidit CLEO Networka gažaldagaid – oanehit ja guhkit áigái? Gávdno go okta gealbobiras dahje eanet gealbobirrasat Sámis dahje Norggas mat sáhtáše jurddašit jođihit geavaheaddjidoarjalusa muhtun fáttáin, dahje leat gealboguovddážin? Háliida go oktage dan geahččalit vejolaš prošeavttas? Dássážii lea Riikkaidgaskasaš Boazodoalloguovddáš (Centre for Reindeer Husbandry) dieđihan beroštumi ovdánahttit geavaheaddjidoarjalusa iežas miellahtuide Sámis, Ruoššas, Kinas ja Mongolias.

Leatgo dis oainnut CLEO Network anu birra Sámis ja/dahje Norggas?

Boahtibehtet go dii árvvoštallat ovttasbarggat CLEO Networkain? Juo, áigodagain vai beassat geahččaladdat CLEO Networka Juo, oanehit ja guhkit áigái Soaittán In Soaitit Kommentára

Leago din doaimmas/ovttadagas oktage gii berošta searvat vejolaš prošektii geahččalit CLEO-fierpmádaga? Juo Veaháš berošta Oalle ládje berošta Hui ládje berošta Soaitá, lea prošeaktamálle ja viidodaga duohken In Kommentára

Jus CLEO Network galgá geahččaluvvot prošeaktan boahtte jagi, man muddui sáhttá muhtun du doaimmas várret áiggi vástidit álkis gažaldagaid mat bohtet CLEO Networkas? Hui unnán (moadde minuhta jagis) Vissis mutto (muhtun diimmuid jagis) Buori muddui (máŋga diimmu jagis) Sáhttá árvvoštallot, háliidit diehtit eambbo In dieđe Ii leat áigeguovdil Ciekŋudeaddji kommentára Jus CLEO Network galgá geahččaluvvot prošeaktan, maid din doaibma vejolažžan sáhttá dahkat? Vállje ovtta vástádusa dahje eanet vástádusaid Sáhttá dieđihit/muitalit earáide CLEO Networka birra Sáhttit válljet oktavuođaolbmo/-olbmuid válljejuvvon fáttáide Sáhttit dieđihit relevánta fáttáid birra Sáhttit vástidit CLEO Networka doaimmahusa/hálddahusa gažaldagaid Veahkkehit gávdnat čuožžohis olbmuid. Sáhttit veahkkin ovdánahttime/buorideame CLEO Networka Eahpesihkar, ferte guorahallot lagabui Ii leat áigeguovdil Kommentárat

Leago din doaimmas oktage gii berošta ráhkadit/ovdánahttit prošeavtta geahččalit CLEO-fierpmádaga Sámis dahje Norggas? Juo, veaháš berošta Juo, oalle ládje berošta Juo, hui ládje berošta Sáhttá árvvoštallot lagabui, háliidit diehtit eambbo In dieđe In Kommentára

Berošta go du doaibma/ovttadat ovdánahttit geavaheaddjidoarjalusa/gealboguovddáža jođihan dihte CLEO Network? Juo, ovtta geahččalanáigodagas Juo, oanehit ja guhkit áigái Soaitá, ferte árvvoštallot In In dieđe, dárbbašit eanet dieđuid álggos Dievasmahtti kommentára

Háliidat go eanet dieduid CLEO birra? Juo, háliidan eanet dieđuid e-poasttas Juo, háliidan munnje riŋgejit Juo, háliidan searvat čoahkkimii/telefovdnačoahkkimii In

Leago dus beroštupmi searvat 1 diibmosaš neahttačoahkkimii/webinarii CLEO Network birra? Juo, dieđit mu! Soaitá In Kommentára / gažaldagat ?

Leatgo dus eará gažaldagat dahje kommentárat CLEO Networka birra? Registrere iežat e-poastta jus háliidat eanet dieđuid dahje jus háliidat duinna galget váldit oktavuođa.

Don leat geargan! Giittu vástádusaid ovddas! Forprosjekt om bruk av CLEO network i Sápmi / Norge

De arktiske områdene varmes raskere opp enn resten av Forprosjekt om CLEO Network kloden, og klimaendringene er allerede merkbare på Fylkesmannen i Finnmark jobber med et forprosjekt flora og fauna. De som jevnlig bruker eller høster av om CLEO Network via det arktiske miljøsamarbeidet. naturen kan raskt oppdage uvanlige endringer. Ny Målet er å informere og kartlegge interessen for å ta i kunnskap om klimaendringer bør bygges på tvers av bruk CLEO Network i Sàpmi eller Norge. ulike erfarings- og kunnskapsgrunnlag for å møte fremtidens utfordringer. Det er behov for undersøke hvordan og hvem som kan bistå med ulike støttefunksjoner til CLEO CLEO network – et nytt verktøy og møtested? network. Det er behov for å finne noen som kan Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) drive redaksjon og brukerstøtte, opplæring, Network bygger på suksessen til LEO Network som svartjeneste o.l. Det er også ønskelig å finne noen brukes i Alaska og Canada. Det er et verktøy som som kan tenke seg å prøve CLEO network. En rapport bruker lokal og tradisjonell kunnskap til å observere skal oppsummere funn. Klima- og og dokumentere hvordan økosystemer og naturbruk miljødepartementet (KLD) vil bruke resultatet som en påvirkes av klimaendringer (kalt Community Based del av sitt beslutningsgrunnlag om hvordan Monitoring). miljømyndighetene vil følge opp videre.

I CLEO Network møtes de som har lokal/erfaringsbasert og tradisjonskunnskap for å utveksle erfaringer. De kan enkelt komme i kontakt Spørsmål kan rettes til Fylkesmannen i Finnmark ved Vigdis Johnsen. E-post: [email protected] Tlf. 78 95 03 72. med hverandre, eller med fagekspertise, forskere og beslutningstakere. Nettverket ble utviklet av Alaska Prosjektmidler til forprosjektet er tildelt fra Klima- og Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC). miljødepartementet KMD gjennom arbeidet i ACAP.

Arktisk miljøvernsamarbeid Gjennom det internasjonale arktiske miljøsamarbeidet under ACAP/Arktisk råd, er de nordiske landene oppmuntret til å støtte opp om og ta i bruk CLEO Network via et amerikansk prosjekt. Prosjektet CLEO Network Scandinavia har et mål om sirkumpolar bruk, jf. Framework for Expansion. Siden samisk tradisjonell naturbruk bidrar til å opprettholde den tradisjonelle kunnskapen, håper de at nettverket vil være av særlig interesse for folk i Sápmi.

Nyheter fra LEO: The Northern Climate Observer er en samling av nyheter fra LEO Network. Det publiseres i nyhetsbrev av Center for Climate og Health ved Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. Hvem kan delta Alle som har interesse for natur, naturbruk og klimaspørsmål kan delta. En personlig brukerprofil kan opprettes i LEO network allerede nå. Velg ut de temaer/ prosjekter/kampanjer som interesserer deg mest. Du bes oppgi om du har erfaring/ekspertise og naturforståelse gjennom for eksempel tradisjonelt levesett og kultur, høsting av naturen (jakt, fiske, bærplukking o.l), en særskilt hobby/interesse eller gjennom utdanning og arbeid. Et medlem kan også være en utvalgt talsperson for et lokalsamfunn, en siida, skoleklasse o.l. Utforske Som medlem får du lese alt som publiseres i nettverket og se hvem som er medlemmer. Du kan Observere og registrere filtrere søk ut fra tema, aktivitet/prosjekt, årstid, Medlemmer kan dele observasjoner om uvanlige årstall, land o.l. Resultater presenteres på kart og endringer eller hendelser i naturen som kan være viser en liste med treff. Du kan og se statistikker, tegn på klimaendringer. Registrering gjøres enkelt tidslinje og laste ned data fra databasen. ved hjelp av mobilapplikasjonen LEO Reporter, eller via nettsiden til LEO network. Det må oppgis tid, sted, foto og en kort beskrivelse av hva du har sett. Data Kommunisere lagres hvis du er utenfor mobildekning, og lastes opp Alle i nettverket kan kommunisere med hverandre på nett så snart du får dekning. Overskriften blir enten direkte, eller via kommentarer til offentlig, mens innholdet bare er synlig for observasjonene. Det gir rom for læring og ny medlemmer. kunnskap. Ovdaprošeakta CLEO Network anu birra Sámis / Norggas

Árktalaš guovllut liegganit jođáneappot go reasta CLEO Network ovdaprošeakta eanaspáppas, ja dálkkádatrievdadusat juo váikkuhit Finnmárkku fylkkamánni bargá CLEO Network florai ja faunai. Sii geat čađat atnet dahje ovdaprošeavttain árktalaš birasovttasbarggu bokte. ávkkástallet luonddu sáhttet jođánit fuobmát Ulbmil lea muitalit ja kártet beroštumi váldit atnui eahpedábálaš rievdadusaid. Ođđa máhttu CLEO Network Sámis dahje Norggas. dálkkádatrievdadusaid birra berre huksejuvvot Lea dárbu guorahallat mot ja geat sáhttet iešguđet iešguđet vásáhus- ja máhttovuođuid rastá dusten veahkkedoarjalusaid addit CLEO Networkii. Lea dihte boahtteáiggi hástalusaid. dárbu gávdnat muhtuma gii sáhttá jođihit doaimmahusa ja geavaheaddjidoarjalusa, CLEO Network ̶ ođđa reaidu ja deaivvadanbáiki? oahpahusa, vástidanbálvalusa j.s. Lea maiddái Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) sávahahtti gávdnat muhtuma gii sáhttá jurddašit Network vuođđun lea LEO Network lihkostuvvan, mii geahččaladdat CLEO Networka. Raporta galgá adno Alaskas ja Kanádas. Dát lea reaidu mii atná čoahkkáigeassit gávdnosiid. Dálkkádat- ja báikkálaš ja árbevirolaš máhtu áicat ja duođaštit mot birasdepartemeanta (DBD) boahtá atnit bohtosiid dálkkádatrievdadusat váikkuhit ekovuogádahkii ja oassin iežaset mearridanvuođus dasa mot luonddugeavaheapmái (dat gohčoduvvo Community biraseiseválddit dán čuovvolit viidáset. Based Monitoring).

CLEO Networkas deaivvadit olbmot geain lea Jearaldagaid sáhttá jearret Finnmárkku fylkkamánnis báikkálaš-/vásáhusvuđot- ja árbevirolašmáhttu dan Vigdis Johnsen bokte. váste ahte lonohallat vásáhusaid. Sii sáhttet álkit E-poasta: [email protected] Tlf. 78 95 03 72. gulahallat gaskaneaset, dahje fágaáššedovdiiguin, Dálkkádat- ja birasdepartemeanta lea juolludan dutkiiguin dahje mearrideddjiiguin. Alaska Native prošeaktaruđaid ovdaprošektii ACAP barggu bokte. Tribale Health Consortium (ANTHC) ráhkadii fierpmádaga.

Árktalaš birasovttasbargu Riikkaidgaskasaš árktalaš birasovttasbarggu bokte ACAP:s/Árktalaš ráđis, davviriikkat leat movttiiduvvon doarjut ja atnigoahtit CLEO Network amerihkálaš prošeavtta bokte. CLEO Network Scandinavia prošeakta ulbmil galgá leat sirkumpolára atnu, gč. Framework for Expansion. Daningo sámi árbevirolaš luonddudoallu lea mielde bisuheame árbevirolaš máhtu, de sii sávvet ahte fierpmádat boahtá leat hui miellagiddevaš olbmuide Sámis.

LEO ođđasat: The Northern Climate Observer lea LEO Network ođasčoakkáldat. Center for Climate and Health, mii gullá Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortiumii, almmuha daid ođasreivves. Gii sáhttá searvat Buohkat geat beroštit luonddus, luonddudoalus ja dálkkádatgažaldagain sáhttet searvat. Persovnnalaš geavaheaddjiprofiilla sáhttá ráhkadit LEO Networkas dál juo. Vállje daid fáttáid/prošeavttaid/kampánjjaid main eanemusat beroštat. Bivdit du almmuhit leago dus vásáhus/áššedovdamuš ja luondduipmárdus ovdamearkka dihte árbevirolaš eallinvuogi ja kultuvrra, luondduávkkástallama bokte (bivdu, guolásteapmi, muorječoaggin j.s.), earenoamáš astoáiggedoaimma/beroštumi dahje oahpu ja barggu bokte. Miellahttun sáhttá maid leat muhtun válljejuvvon ovddasteaddji báikegotti, siidda, skuvlaluohká j.s. ovddas. Diđoštit Miellahttun beasat lohkat visot mii almmuhuvvo fierpmádagas ja oaidnit geat leat miellahtut. Don Áicat ja registreret sáhtát čuoldit ohcamiid fáttáid, Miellahtut sáhttet juogadit áicamiid eahpedábálaš doaimmaid/prošeavttaid, jahkodagaid, jahkeloguid, luonddurievdadusaid dahje luonddudáhpáhusaid riikkaid j.s. mielde. Bohtosat ihtet kárttas ja čájehit birra mat sáhttet dálkkádatrievdadusaide leat listtu gávdnosiiguin. Don sáhtát maid geahččat mearkan. Mobiilaappiin LEO Reporter lea álki dahkat statistihkaid, áigelinjjáid ja viežžat dieđuid registrerema, dahje LEO Network neahttasiiddu diehtobásas. bokte. Galgá almmuhit áiggi, báikki, gova ja oanehis čilgehusa das maid lea oaidnán. Dieđut vurkejuvvojit jus dus ii leat mobiilaoktavuohta, ja vižžojit ođđasit Gulahallat nehttii dakkaviđe go oaččut oktavuođa. Bajilčála Buohkat fierpmádagas sáhttet gulahallat gaskaneaset šaddá almmolaš, muhto sisdoalu eai oainne earát go juogo njuolga, dahje áicamiid kommentáraid bokte. miellahtut. Dát addá oahppama ja ođđa máhtu. Navn på virksomhet, organisasjon, enhet, distrikt eller tilsvarende. • Finnmark Sjølaksefiskerforening • Finnmark Sjølaksefiskerforening • Luonddugáhttenlihttu • Norsk Ornitologisk Forening • Fylkesmannen i Sør-Trøndelag • Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat • Finnmark SJØLAKSEFISKERFORENING • Sjøsamisk kompetansesenter • FRAM - Nordområdesenter for klima- og miljøforskning (Framsenteret) • Romsa universiteha • GRID-Arendal • Norske Reindriftsamers Landsforbund • Norsk institutt for naturforskning (NINA) • NIBIO Svanhovd • Miljødirektoratet • Miljødirektoratet • Landbruksdirektoratet • Sámi joatkkaskuvla ja boazodoalloskuvla Avdeling/seksjon/filial/driftsenhet eller tilsvarende • Ávjovári luonddugáhttenlihttu • Sekretariatet • Miljøvernavdelingen • VED-stab • LAKSEFISKE • sámi dutkanguovddáš • Lillehammer • Svanhovd og avdeling utmarksressurser og næringsutvikling • Klimaavdelingen • Arts- og vannmiljøavdelingen • Avdeling reindrift • Baozodoallosossodat Hva er din rolle i virksomheten/enheten? • Leder • Styremedlem • Jođiheaddji • Rådgiver / faunistisk konsulent • Saksbehandler • Klimarådgiver • Styremedlem • Styreleder og faglig leder • Formidlingskoordinator • Jođiheaddji • Prosjektleder/Senior Expert, Indigenous and Community Issues • Jurist/Seniorrådgiver • Forsker • forsker • Rådgiver • Seniorrådgiver overvåking • Fagdirektør • oahpaheaddji Kjenner du til LEO network?

Kjenner du til LEO network? - Kommentar • Har hørt om nettverket via Senter for samiske studier, Universitetet i Tromsø Er du interessert i nyheter fra LEO/CLEO Network?

Er du interessert i nyheter fra LEO/CLEO Network? - Kommentar • Ønsker å hente inn nyheter selv ved behov • har registrert meg, og får allerede nyheter per mail Kan du tenke deg å bruke CLEO network?

Kan du tenke deg å bruke CLEO network? - Kommentar • Ikke for dyre- og planteregistreringer, muligens for det andre. • Lite aktuelt å registrere observasjoner fra Oslo-regionen? • viktig at et slikt verktøy er tilpasset lokale behov og kontekst • Er interessert men det kommer ann på tid.... Har dere synspunkt om bruk av CLEO Network i Sápmi og/eller Norge? • Få mange med i bruk av CLEO Network i Sápmi, ikke bare reinsdyrsutøvere, men også jordbrukere, fiskere og andre som bruker natur, som f.eks jegere, fritidsfiskere o.a. • Ingen spesielle synspunkter • Eai vel, mii fertet ságastallat dan birra. • I dag finnes det to viktige rapportsystemer for biologisk mangfold i Norge. Artsobservasjoner for enhver, og Miljølære for skoler. Sistnevnte har en del aktivitet på "Phenology of the North calotte" som dere bør sjekke ut. Når det gjelder Artsobservasjoner, så er det det viktigste rapporteringsverktøyet for observasjoner av dyr og planter i Norge. Alle data blir tilgjengeliggjort for forskere og forvaltere gjennom Artskart. Å endre rapporteringsrutinene for brukerne her vil nok ikke skje. Kan det være en mulighet å hente data fra Artsobservasjoner gjennom et API og vise de på tilpasset måte på CLEO-network? • Bør være positivt å starte opp dette i Norge også. • Initiativet er spennende • VET IKKE • Kan være et nyttig redskap for å synliggjøre lokal/tradisjonell kunnskap - jf. naturmangfoldlovens paragraf 8, som i liten grad er implementert i areal- og ressursforvaltning. • Ikke på nåværende tidspunkt. • eai leat • Viktig å ha klart for seg hva som er er formålet med nettverket og hvem som skal eie det. Om målgruppen er innehavere av tradisjonskunnskap, bør den samme gruppen være den som legger premisser for hva slags data som er relevant og hvem som kan samle, sortere, besvare, ha tilgang til og publisere data.

En ide er å teste LEO-verktøyet i en mindre gruppe (f.eks. en skoleklasse) for å teste verdien og relevansen. • Det er åpenbart et behov for å dokumentere og anvende tradisjonell kunnskap i reindriften. Til tross for at tradisjonell kunnskap er anerkjent som kunnskapsgrunnlag, både gjennom Biomangfoldkonvensjonen og Naturmangfoldloven, blir den i liten grad vektlagt. Tradisjonelle kunnskaper er for reindriftens del særlig viktig i areal-, miljø- og rovviltforvaltningen. • Tror dette kunne være spennende og nyttig, såfremt ulike brukergrupper viser interesse for nettverket og sikrer aktivitet. • All kunnskap er positiv. • Jeg tror dette kan gi nyttig kunnskap. Ved en evt. implementering bør det være tydelig for alle hva nettverket skal brukes til, slik at det for eksempel ikke blir forvirring med etablerte rapporteringsordninger i miljøforvaltninga. • Viktig at regionale miljøvernmyndigheter i Midt-Norge og Nord-Norge kobles til nettverket både som brukere og bidragsytere, og at flere universiteter/høyskoler knyttes til faglig • Jeg ser potensialet for at et slikt nettverk kan bidra til å kartlegge de faktiske effektene av klimaendringene som man allerede kan observere. Dette kan være nyttig for næringsutøvere i utmark for å diskutere mulige tilpasninger, og særlig for klimaforskere. Også for statlige myndigheter kan kunnskapen som samles inn være nyttig, men kanskje hensiktsmessig at noen i nettverket da kan sammenfatte observasjoner/dokumentasjoner over en viss tidsperiode, og sende statusrapporter til statsinstitusjoner med relevant forvaltningsansvar, som Landbruksdirektoratet som jeg tilhører. Kanskje årlige årsrapporter kunne gitt kunnskap som kan resultere i innspill til ny politikk eller endringer i forvaltningspraksis. Tror et slikt nettverk har både interesse og nyttepotensiale for både reineiere og andre utøvere av tradisjonell høstning av utmarksressurser i Sapmi. • dat sáhttá šaddat buorren reaidun, go das lea árbevirolaš máhttu vejolašvuohtan, earenoamážiid dan dihte. goit jus leat sámi ovttasbargoguoimmit. Vil dere vurdere å samarbeide med CLEO Network?

Vil dere vurdere å samarbeide med CLEO Network? - Kommentar • Hva kan vi bidra med, og hvordan • Det kommer an på hvem som skal eie prosjektet og de etiske standardene som ligger til grunn • Svaret er basert på at vi pr. i dag trenger litt mer kunnskap om CLEO og hva dette kan bidra til reindriften. • Dette har ikke Miljødirektoratet tatt stilling til per nå. Er noen i din virksomhet/enhet interessert i å delta i et eventuelt prosjekt for å teste CLEO-nettverk?

Er noen i din virksomhet/enhet interessert i å delta i et eventuelt prosjekt for å teste CLEO-nettverk? - Kommentar • Potensielt kan nettverket bidra til en større forståelse og aksept av tradisjonskunnskap • Dette har ikke Miljødirektoratet tatt stilling til per nå. • Dette må avklares etterhvert Hvis CLEO Network skal prøves ut i et prosjekt neste år, i hvilken grad kan noen i din virksomhet sette av tid til å svare på enkelte spørsmål fra CLEO Network?

Hvis CLEO Network skal prøves ut i et prosjekt neste år, i hvilken grad kan noen i din virksomhet sette av tid til å svare på enkelte spørsmål fra CLEO Network? - Utdypende kommentar: • Vi er et stort institutt og flere her vil kunne være aktuelle deltakere i en utprøvingsfase. For en vurdering av dette vil det være aktuelt å vite mer om rammene for arbeidet. • Noen dagsverk • Innsatsen må avklares senere Dersom CLEO network skal testes i et prosjekt, hva kan deres virksomhet eventuelt bidra med? Velg ett eller flere svar

Dersom CLEO network skal testes i et prosjekt, hva kan deres virksomhet eventuelt bidra med? Velg ett eller flere svar - Kommentarer • Hvis det sammenfaller med observasjoner innen våre fagområder kan det være aktulet å bruke litt tid (hydrologi, kryosfære, skred) Er noen i deres virksomhet interessert i å lage/utvikle et prosjekt for å teste CLEO-nettverk i Sápmi eller Norge?

Er noen i deres virksomhet interessert i å lage/utvikle et prosjekt for å teste CLEO-nettverk i Sápmi eller Norge? - Kommentar • Det vil ikke være aktuelt for oss å utvikle/drive et sånt type prosjekt, men vi vil kunne bidra inn til denne typen prosjekt • ja, interessert, men det kommer ann på finasieringen Er din virksomhet/enhet interessert i å utvikle brukerstøtte/kompetansesenter for å drifte CLEO Network?

Er din virksomhet/enhet interessert i å utvikle brukerstøtte/kompetansesenter for å drifte CLEO Network? - Utfyllende kommentar • Dette har ikke Miljødirektoratet tatt stillinge til per nå. Vil du ha mer informasjon om CLEO?

Er du interessert i å delta på 1 times nettmøte/webinar om CLEO network?

Er du interessert i å delta på 1 times nettmøte/webinar om CLEO network? - Kommentar / spørsmål ? • Jeg eller en annen fra Sjøsamisk kompetansesenter kan delta • Avhenger av tema for møtet. Om det bare er general info er det ikke så interessant. Har du andre spørsmål eller kommentarer om CLEO network? • LEDER ARNE SABBASEN • Sjøsamisk kompetansesenter arbeider med lokal/tradisjonell kunnskap, og har også inkludert plass for informasjon om klimaforandringer på vårt nettsted Meron.no • Send gjerne rapporten til Miljødirektoratet når den er ferdig. Lykke til med arbeidet! Registrer din e-post hvis du ønsker mer informasjon eller vil bli kontaktet. • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] Språk

Samlet status

ESTABLISHING A CIRCUMPOLAR LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVER NETWORK

acap.arctic-council.org @ACAP_Arctic

Establishing a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer Network The eyes, ears and voice of environmental change and pollution Our world is changing rapidly, and local observers can detect subtle changes in weather, landscapes and seascapes, and in plant and animal communities. The Alaska Native Tribal Health Con- sortium (ANTHC) developed the Local Environmental Observer (LEO) Network in 2009, recognizing the value of traditional and local knowledge (TLK) and the need for a tool to document and share environmental observations, including information on potential contaminants. The purpose was to increase awareness of vulnerabilities to the impacts of unusual changes in the environment, com- pared to what is expected based on traditional knowledge, and to connect community members with technical experts. LEO uses web-accessible maps to display observations of unusual or unique environmental events which are then shared with LEO members, and will encourage actions to reduce emissions and other releases of pollutants. The maps contain event descriptions, photos, expert consultations and links to information resources. LEO has grown to include hundreds of participants and is helping to increase understanding of the emerging effects of climate change. During the U.S. Chairmanship of the Arctic Council, the Arctic Contaminants Action Program (ACAP) and its Expert Group, the Indigenous Peoples’ Contaminants Action Program (IPCAP), have expanded the LEO Network to create a foundation for a Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer (CLEO) Network. They have worked with partners and communities in Canada to establish two new LEO Network hubs in British Columbia and Northwest Territories and outreach to First Nations and communities across Canada. With the new hubs, the LEO Network covers the entire Pacific coast of North America and continues to grow.

May 2017 Photo: iStock Following the success in North America, project partners have broadened outreach to Europe and have conducted two workshops in the Fenno-Scandinavian region, the first in June 2016 in Inari, Finland and the second in January 2017 in Kiruna, Sweden. The workshops brought together technical experts and community leaders from the region and resulted in the development and agreement to a Framework for the Circumpolar Expansion of the LEO Network, a ministerial deliverable to the Arctic Council in 2017 that commits ACAP and partners to continue to expand and develop the network. Additionally, the International Centre for Reindeer Husbandry, an independent indigenous transboundary association, has announced their intention to establish a LEO hub in 2017. During the Finnish Chairmanship (2017-2019) of the Arctic Council, project partners are committed to exploring opportunities to realize a circumpolar LEO Network. LEO Reporter and Explorer Since the launch of the LEO Reporter mobile app in February 2016, the number of LEO Observers has more than tripled and the number of observations has doubled year-on-year. The mobile app has proven to be a powerful tool in the field, providing robust field reporting capabilities even in the most remote areas. Observations taken from locations outside mobile service will be automatically uploaded once a connection has been reestablished. The app includes interactive maps, a search engine to explore the LEO observation database, and the option to update observations from the Network. LEO Reporter puts powerful, user-friendly, mobile technology in the hands of the user, enabling real-time observations on the front lines of climate change and pollution. And now the LEO Reporter has added an Explorer section, allowing users on a desktop computer to engage the network and communicate with collaborators. Consultations: Building TLK bridges Two types of experts provide consultations: community experts and technical experts. Community experts provide the traditional and local knowledge component of a consultation. They review and edit observations in their areas and provide consultation based on traditional, scientific, and local knowledge. Technical experts with special, detailed knowledge on a topic, sometimes located within government agencies, academic institutions or organizations that house subject-matter experts, can provide technical consults to observations. The observers, community experts and technical experts participating are able to interact with one another through the LEO platform to effective- ly become a “community of practice” that collaborates on monitoring, research, and outreach. LEO hubs are the regional coordination centers for the LEO Network that can, for example, review posts, select posts for a formal consultation, facilitate communication with community and technical experts and provide technical assistance. Hubs may also choose to provide other services such as hosting webinars, publishing e-journals and providing updates to other groups, organizations and networks. These tools and models, which have been successfully tested and deployed in the U.S. and Canadian Arctic, serve as a template for the expansion of the circumpolar LEO Network.

Contacts CLEO Project U.S. EPA Project Lead For general questions about ACAP Santina Gay - [email protected] ACAP Secretariat CLEO Project U.S. EPA Project Lead [email protected] Patrick Huber - [email protected]