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INGELESA ENGLISH, INGLÉS, ANGLAIS Language INGELESA ENGLISH, INGLÉS, ANGLAIS Language family: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Language codes: ISO 639-1 en ISO 639-2 eng ISO 639-3 eng Languasphere: 52-ABA Beste izen batzuk (autoglotonimoa: english): english [ENG] hizk. Erresuma Batua; baita ere Alemania, AEB, Amerikar Samoa, Andorra, Anguilla, Antigua eta Barbuda, Arabiar Ermirrerri Batuak, Aruba, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bostwana, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Uharteak, Brunei, Kanada, Cayman Uharteak, Cook Uharteak, Danimarka, Dominikar Errepublika, Ekuatore, Eritea, Etiopia, Falkland Uharteak, Fiji, Filipinak, Finlandia, Gambia, Ghana, Gibraltar, Grezia, Grenada, Guam, Guyana, Hego Afrika, Hego Korea, Holandar Antillak, Honduras, India, Ipar Mariana Uharteak, Irlanda, Israel, Italia, Jamaica, Japonia, Kamerun, Kenya, Kiribati, Libano, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia (Penintsularra), Malta, Marshal Uharteak, Mauritius, Mendebalde Samoa, Mexiko, Mikronesia, Midway Uharteak, Montserrat, Namibia, Nauru, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Uhartea, Norvegia, Pakistan, Palau, Papua Ginea Berria, Pitcairn, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sierra Leona, Singapur, Solomon Uharteak, Somalia, Sri Lanka, St Helena, St. Kitts-Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Pierre et Miquelon, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Swaziland, Suitza, Tanzania, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad eta Tobago, Turks and Caicos Uharteak, U.S. Virgin Uharteak, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Wake Uhartea, Zanbia, Zelanda Berria, Zimbabwe. ERRESUMA BATUA english [ENG] 55.000.000 lehen hizkuntza dutena (1984, ustez). Herrialde guztietako populazio osoa 341.000.000 lehen hizkuntza dutenak (1999, Wa), 508.000.000 barne eginik bigarren hizkuntza dutenak (1999,WA). Halaber mintzatua 104 herrialdetan barne eginik Amerikar Samoa, Andorra, Anguilla, Antigua eta Barbuda, Aruba, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bostwana, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Uharteak, Brunei, Kanada, Cayman Uharteak, Cook Uharteak, Danimarka. Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoak: cockney, scouse, geordie, west country, east anglia, birmingham (brummy, brummie), south wales, edinburgh, belfast, cornwall, cumberland, central cumberland, devon shire, east devonshire, dorset, durham, bolton lancashire, north lancashire, radcliffe lancashire, northumberland, norfolk, newcastle northumberland, tyneside northumberland, lowland scotitish, somerset, sussex, westmorland, north wiltshire, craven yorkshire, north yorkshire, sheffield yorkshire, west yorkshire. % 60ko antza alemanarekin, % 27koa frantsesarekin, % 24koa errusierarekin. Hizkuntza nazionala, hiztegia, gramatika, SVO; preposizioak; genitiboak izen nagusien atzean; artikuluak, adjektiboak, numeralak izen nagusien aurrean; galdera hitza hasieran; hitzen ordenak bereizten ditu subjektua, objektua, zeharkako objektuak, emandako informazioa eta berria, gaia eta komentarioa; aktiboa eta pasiboa; kausatiboa; konparatiboa; kontsonante eta bokal klusterrak; ez-tonala. AMERIKAKO ESTATU BATUAK english [ENG] 210.000.000 lehen hizkuntza dutenak (1984ko estimazioa). 8.400.000 14 urteko egoiliar estatubatuar edo zaharragoak ingelesez trebeki egiteko gai ez direnak; % 38 edo 7.700.000 immigrante etxean bertako burubideak egiten. Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoa: black english. Eskualdeetako dialekto asko daude. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. AMERIKAR SAMOA english [ENG] 1.248 hiztun lehen hizkuntza dutenak, atzerrian jaioak (1970eko errolda). 15.050 bereziki bigarren hizkuntzatzat dutenak, bertan jaiotako populazioaren % 75 izanik. Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. ANGUILLA english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. ANTIGUA ETA BARBUDA english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. ARUBA english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoa: aruba english. Hirugarren hizkuntza garrantzitsuena. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. AUSTRALIA english [ENG] 15.682000 hiztun (1987), populazioaren % 95 (1980, WA). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoak: australian standard english, neo-nyungar (noonga, noongar). Dialekto erregionalen arteko diferentziak eskasak. Neo-nyungarra da nyungar herriaren komunitateko dialektoa. Hizkuntza nazionala. Hiztegia. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. BAHAMAS english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. BARBADOS english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. BELIZE english [ENG] Bigarren hizkuntzadunak: 55.998 (1991eko errolda). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hezkuntzan, gobernuan eta negozioetan erabilia. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. BERMUDA english [ENG] 58.000 hiztun (1989ko estimazioa). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoa: bermudan english. Ingeles kolokiala baliteke ez izatea kreolera, baina bai ingeles kreoleratuaren aldaera erregionala. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. BOTSWANA english (sekgoa) [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Nazioarteko merkataritza, mendebaldeko eraginen bidea, hezkuntzako hizkuntza 5. gradutik hasita, hizkuntza idatzia, proposamen ofizialak 2. hizkuntza bezala. Hizkuntzaa ofiziala. Lehen mailako eskolan hasieratik asignatura. Ofizialki hezkuntza hizkuntza ari da bilakatzen 5. Standardean. 7. Standardeko azterketak ingelesez idatziak. Hezkuntzarako bitartekoa. Egunkariak, aldizkarik, irrati programak, TB. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. BRUNEI english [ENG] 8.000 hiztun. Txinatar etniako % 16k lehen hizkuntza du. Seguruenez 1. hizkuntzadun gehiago. Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Gobernua, hezkuntza. Geroz eta gehiago erabilia hiztun eskolatuek 1. edo 2. hizkuntza bezala. Hizkuntza nazionala. Egunkariak, TB. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. CAYMAN UHARTEAK english [ENG] 9.200 hiztun (1993). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. CAYMAN UHARTEAK english [ENG] 9.200 hiztun (1993). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. COOK UHARTEAK english [ENG] 683 hiztun (1966 UN txostena). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. ERITREA english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Goi-hezkuntzako hizkuntza eta alor tekniko anitzetakoa. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. ETIOPIA english [ENG] 1986 ama hizkuntza dutenak, 169.726 bigarren hizkuntzatzat dutenak (1998ko errolda). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Goi-hezkuntzako hizkuntza eta alor tekniko anitzetakoa eta nazioarteko komunikazioetan. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. FALKLAND UHARTEAK english [ENG] 1.991 hiztun (1993, Johnstone). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. FIJI english [ENG] 4.929 hiztun europar (1976ko errolda).10.276ko adizional bat edo populazioaren % 1,8 (1976ko errolda) partzialki europarrak dira eta ingelesa eta fijiera mintzatzen dute. Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Halaber erabiltzen dute hiritar txinatar askok ere (4.652 1976an), Rotuman, tarteka indiarrak, apenas fijiarrek (P. Feraghty, 1981). Merkataritzan, hezkuntzan, gobernuan hizkuntza nagusia. Badaude txostenak fijiera-ingeles pidginaz. Hizkuntza nazionala. Egunkariak, irrati programak. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. FILIPINAK english [ENG] 32.802 hiztun (1990eko errolda). Populazioaren % 52k dio gai dela 2. hizkuntza bezala hitz egiteko (1980eko errolda). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. GANBIA english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. GHANA english [ENG] bigarren hizkuntzadunak: 1.000.000 (1977, Voegelin and Voegelin). Indo- European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. GIBRALTAR ENGLISH [eng] 3.300 hiztun (1993, Johnstone). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoa: yanito. Yanitoeraz mintzo dira gibraltardar gehienak beren artean. Hau ingelesaren dialektoa espainieraren eragin oso handiarekin, 500 hitz baino gehiago ditu genoeratik (liguriera) eta hebreeratik hartuak. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. GRENADA english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoa: grenadian english. Post- kreolera ingelesa frantses kreoleraren eraginekin (M. Alleyne). Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. GUAM english [ENG] Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Dialektoa: guyanese english. Beltz eta hindustaniar batzuen lehen hizkuntza. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. GUYANA english [ENG] 28.800 hiztun (1987). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Hizkuntza nazionala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. HEGO AFRIKA english [ENG] 3.500.000 (1991, Christos van Rensburg), populazioaren % 9,1 (1995, The Economist). Indo-European, Germanic, West, English. Komunikabide garrantzitsuena hiritar eremuetan. India, Portugal, Alemania eta Graziatiko bigarren belaunaldiko jende askok lehen hizkuntza bezala dute. Hizkuntza ofiziala. Ikus sarrera nagusia Erresuma Batuan. HOLANDAR
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