DOI 10.22394/1818-4049-2017-80-3-8-19 УДК 338.45:621.31(571.64)

Evgeniy Fyodorovich Avdokushin – Doctor of Economics, professor of "The World economy" chair, the Moscow State University (Moscow). E-mail: [email protected] Pavel Valeryevich Igumnov – Candidate of Technical sciences, associate professor of the chair "The rolling stock of the railroads", the Far-Eastern Federal University of means of communication (). E-mail:[email protected]

Asian vector of development of the energy complex of the region

The resource potential of the energy complex of the Sakhalin region is considered in the article. The largest oil, gas and coal deposits in the region are listed. The analysis of the electric power industry of the region is carried out. The main directions of its development are shown. The analysis of all international energy projects in the Sakhalin region is presented. Problems and prospects of development of oil and gas and coal branch of the region are considered. Perspective international energy projects with the countries of the Asian region are analyzed. The analysis of the existing infrastructure necessary for the further development of the energy complex of the region was carried out. The state and prospects of development of the sea coal terminals of the Sakhalin region are shown. Positive aspects of the current and planned energy projects of the have been identified. Favorable economic and geographic location, proximity to , South Korea, Taiwan and the other Asian countries, which are the largest importers of fuel and energy resources, enables Sakhalin Oblast to play a more significant role in providing these countries with energy resources. The need for further integration of the energy industry of the Sakhalin Oblast with the countries of is shown with a view to developing the energy complex of the region. Keywords: energy complex of the Sakhalin region, oil, gas, coal, electric power industry, oil refining, petro-chemistry, sea coal terminals.

Азиатский вектор развития энергетического комплекса Cахалинской области

В статье рассмотрен ресурсный потенциал электроэнергетической отрасли Сахалинской области. Проведен анализ и показано состояние существующей инфраструктуры, необходимой для дальнейшего развития энергетического комплекса региона. Проанализированы настоящие и перспективные международные энергетические проекты со странами Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона (далее – АТР). Выявлены положительные аспекты реализуемых и планируемых энергетических проектов Сахалинской области. Отмечено выгодное экономико-географическое расположение, близость к Японии, Южной Корее, Тайваню и другим азиатским странам, которые являются крупнейшими импортерами топливно-энергетических ресурсов, что дает возможность Сахалинской области играть более значимую роль в обеспечении этих стран энергетическими ресурсами. Показана необходимость дальнейшей интеграции энергетической отрасли Сахалинской области со странами Азии в целях развития энергетического комплекса области. Ключевые слова: энергетический комплекс Сахалинской области, нефть, газ, уголь, электроэнергетика, нефтепереработка, нефтехимия, морские угольные терминалы.

Despite the rather high resource potential, geographical proximity to the world's largest importers of energy resources, the Far-Eastern federal district isn't a significant player in the energy markets of the Asia-Pacific countries. Now the total volume of export deliveries from the subjects of the Far- Eastern federal district is 20,6 bln. dollars of the USA. The main share (56%) of this volume of deliveries is the share of the Sakhalin region. [1] The volume of export deliveries of the Sakhalin region in 2016 was 11,58 billion US dollars from which 10,47 billion are the share of production of fuel and energy complex. Specific weight of this commodity group in a total amount of deliveries abroad in 2016 was 90%. It should be noted that in 2015 this indicator was 95,7%, in 2013 – 94,7%. [1] The fuel and energy complex is the main making the economy of the Sakhalin region. Commercial production of oil in the territory of the Sakhalin region is conducted since 1928. The oil and gas industry of the region is one of the oldest and most developed branches of the Russian economy, and oil and gas production is the main source of export. According to the oil and gas extraction companies the total amounts of oil and gas condensate production in 2015 were 16,7 million t, gas – 28,4 billion m3; oil products – 50,8 thousand tons. [2] In general for 2015 12,8 million t of crude oil for the sum of 5,8 billion US dollars are exported. The physical volume of this commodity position remained at the level of 2014, the cost – has decreased by 45,2%. Oil was delivered to the Republic of Korea (54,1% of physical volume), Japan (35,1%), China (10,7%). [3] Export supply of the liquefied natural gas (further – LNG) produced within implementation of the Sakhalin-II project in 2015 have grown, in comparison with 2014, by 3,9%, value has decreased by 13,4%. In total in 2015 LNG was exported in a volume of 21,3 million m3 for the sum of 4,5 billion US dollars. The main import countries of LNG (76,4%) are Japan, Republic of Korea (21,6%), China (0,7%). [3] In total in the Sakhalin region 66 fields are found: 12 oil, 15 gas, 22 gas-oil, 4 oil and gas, 7 gas-condensate and 6 oil-gas condensate. From them 31 are developing, 1 is prepared for development, 9 reconnoitered and 25 preserved (unclaimed fund). [4] On the sea shelf 8 fields are known: 2 gas, 1 oil and gas, 5 oil-gas condensate. From 8 found fields 7 settle down on the shelf of the North-Eastern Sakhalin and one in the at the southwest coast of the island. All fields of the northeast shelf, except for the gas Veninsk field, small on the stocks, belong to the large. Total geological resources of the Sakhalin region are estimated at 7,8 billion t of conditional fuel, including 3,8 billion t of oil and 3,3 trillion m3 of gas. In a shelf zone of the region there are 2,9 billion t of oil and 3 trillion m3 of gas; only 23% (0,9 billion t) of resources of oil and 11% (0,36 trillion m3) of gas resources are concentrated on the land of the island. In resources of the island oil prevails, are approximately equal in the resources of the shelf of a share of oil and gas. On the basis of reconnoitered fields 9 projects have been placed: from "Sakhalin-I" to "Sakhalin-IX". [4] In the early nineties it was supposed that the projects on development of oil and gas fields will be developed by the foreign investors and operators within the production sharing agreements which are regulated by the Federal law of the Russian Federation "About production sharing agreements" (further –PSA). Several such agreements have been concluded, however, implementation was reached only by the Sakhalin-I projects (stocks – 264,2 million t of oil and 481,5 billion m3 of gas) and "Sakhalin-II" (stocks – 182,4 million t of oil and 633,6 billion m3 of gas). Now the works on implementation of the Sakhalin-III project are conducted. We will remind that in 1993 the competition on the right of development of 3 blocks of Sakhalin-III – Kirinsk, East Odoptinsk and Ayashsk – on the terms of agreement about the section of production (further – PSA) has won consortium of the companies Exxon, Mobil (nowadays ExxonMobil) and Texaco (was a part of Chevron). However the agreement hasn't been concluded and the licenses haven't been obtained by the investors. [5] Today Gazprom owns the licenses for the Kirinsk, Ayashsk and the East- Odoptinsk blocks, the license for development of the Veninsk block belongs to Rosneft. Gas from these fields is the main resource base for filling of the gas transmission system (further – GTS) Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok. In Vladivostok, within this project, Gazprom plans to construct the plant on liquefaction of natural gas (further – LNG) – LNG Vladivostok. In 2018 is planned to begin the full-scale gas production and to start the LNG Vladivostok plant. By 2020 on the main field of the project Southern Kirinsk it is planned to get natural gas of 11,4 billion m3 a year. As for implementation of the Sakhalin-IV project, in 2009 the Rosneft company and British Petroleum have refused it in connection with the economic inexpediency of further work on the West-Shmidtovsk block. [6] In the long term within the development of oil production in the Sakhalin region it is planned to realize the projects "Sakhalin — 5,6,7,8,9". The list and placement of the oil and gas projects of the Sakhalin region are presented in the table 1 [8, 9]. Except the oil and gas complex the fuel and energy complex of the Sakhalin region is presented by the coal industry and power. As for the coal branch, it, along with oil and gas, is one of the primary branches of economy of the Sakhalin region. Table 1

Oil and gas projects of the Sakhalin region

Project Stocks Operator Related organizations "Rosneft" "RN-Astra" (8,5%) and "Sakhalin-I"1 [10] Sakhalinmorneftegaz Shelf (11,5%); Taken: 307 million t of (Chayvo, Odoptu, Affiliated Exxon Neftegaz Limited oil, 485 billion m3 of gas Arkutun-Dagi fields) ExxonMobil enterprise, (30%), Japanese consortium Sodeco (30%), Indian state oil company "ONGK Videsh Ltd." (20%) Operator of the Sakhalin Energy 2 "Sakhalin-II" Investment Company Ltd project. Taken: 150 million t of (Piltun-Astokhsk, [11] Shareholders of the company oil, 500 billion m3 of gas Lunsk fields) are: Gazprom (50% + 1 action), Royal Dutch Shell plc. (27,5%), "Sakhalin-III" Mitsui & Co. Ltd., (12,5%), Recoverable reserves of (Kirinsk, Ayashsk Mitsubishi Corporation (10%) the main Southern and the East Kirinsk field of 706 Odoptinsk sites) «Gazprom» (100%) billion cubic meters of Kirinsk, Southern gas and 110 million t of Kirinsk, Mynginsk condensate. fields. "Sakhalin-IV" (West Expected: 235 million t Rosneft (51%), Shmidtovsk block) of oil, 396 billion m3 of VR (49%) gas Expected: 212 million t "Sakhalin-V" (East Rosneft (51%), of oil, 245 billion m3 of Shmidtovsk block) VR (49%) gas "Sakhalin-V" Expected: 650 million t Rosneft (51%), (Kaygansk- of oil, 500 billion m3 of VR (49%) Vasyukansk block) gas "Sakhalin-V" Expected: 130 million t Gazprom Neft (100%) (Lopukhovsk block) of oil, 500 billion m3 of gas

1http://www.sakhalin-1.ru/Sakhalin/Russia-Russian/Upstream/about_consortium.aspx 2http://www.gazprom.ru/about/production/projects/lng/sakhalin2/

Project Stocks Operator 97% "Petrosakh" (Urals Energy), 3% «Sakhalin-6» Estimated: 1,1 billion tce. "The Sakhalin oil company" «Sakhalin-7» Estimated: 0,5 billion tce. Not determined «Sakhalin-8» Estimated: 320 million Not determined «Sakhalin-9» Estimated:tce. 295 million Not determined tce. In the territory of the island of Sakhalin there are 70 coal fields. The reserves of coal of the Sakhalin basin reconnoitered with various degree of detail make about 2,5 billion t, and expected resources determined by a complex of geological prerequisites, 14,1 billion t. More than a half of explored reserves has brown coal. For development by an open way 490 million t are reconnoitered. From the total of explored reserves 332 million t of coal and 133 million t are developed now for development as a reserve for the new mine construction [12]. Taking into account the expected reserves of minerals, further work on geological investigation and an increment of balance stocks coal mining in the Sakhalin region can be carried out the next 150 years. [20] The largest reserves of coal are concentrated on the western coast of Sakhalin, in particular, on the field Solntsevo. Its balance stocks only under the open-cast mining make about 112 million t. Coal mining in the Sakhalin region is carried out by 10 coal-mining enterprises (1 mine and 9 coal mines). The main coal-mining enterprises are LLC "Eastern Mining Company", LLC "Gornyak-1", LLC "Uglegorskugol". For 2016 the coal enterprises of the Sakhalin region have extracted 6967,7 thousand tons of coal that is 1484,3 thousand tons more than the corresponding period of 2015 [13] Shipment of coal out of the borders of the Sakhalin region in 2016 has made 4890,7 thousand tons, including for export of 4696 thousand tons, (for the corresponding period of 2015 4115 thousand tons, including for export of 4008 thousand tons are shipped). [13] The main destinations of the coal shipped out of the borders of the Sakhalin region are the Asia-Pacific countries: South Korea – 1388,2 thousand tons; China – 1388 thousand tons; Japan – 362,2 thousand tons. Shipment to the other regions of has made 240,8 thousand tons. [13] In 2015 for export 3,6 million t of coal (819,3 thousand tons of stone and 2778,1 thousand tons of brown) for 146,6 million US dollars have been shipped. The physical volume of realization abroad of the Sakhalin coals has increased, in comparison with 2014, by 2,9%, the cost – has decreased by 11,3%. Coal was delivered to the Republic of Korea (70,7% of physical volume), Japan (13,6%), China (4,1%). However, despite the considerable coal stocks, in the general structure of export deliveries of fuel and energy resources of the Sakhalin region only 1,4% fall to the share of coal. In this regard it is necessary to carry out systematically development of the coal industry for the further increase in export deliveries. Priorities of development of the coal branch of Sakhalin first of all are connected with creation of the fuel and energy complex on the western coast of the island. In this regard increase in the volumes of extraction of brown coal on the Solntsevo field up to 3,3 million t of coal a year, development of the underground production (the former "Udarnovsk" mine) in the Uglegorsk municipal district (production of 700 thousand tons of coal a year), development of the sites is planned: Lopatinsk, "Shebuninsk- Northern ", "Northern-1", Pervomaysk coal field (production of 1 million t of coal a year). [12] Until recently development of the coal branch has been focused approximately in an equal proportion on domestic demand and for export. However with the transition in 2014 of the southern Sakhalin combined heat and power plant on gas the main objective of the branch is a formation of sales market of coal outside the Sakhalin region. In these conditions further development of the coal branch of the Sakhalin region is possible in case of reorientation of the supply of coal with internal on the foreign markets. However a major factor which limits the coal export volumes is the state of port infrastructure which development needs to be carried out the advancing rates in comparison with the development of new coal fields (for example, Solntsevo) for accumulation of the volumes of export first of all on the markets of the Asia-Pacific countries. In this regard in the medium term development of coal branch will be connected first of all with development of the export coal markets of the Pacific Rim and the supply of coal to the markets of the regions of the Far-Eastern federal district. However it is necessary to consider that in 15 – 20 years the demand of coal as the energy carrier in the international markets, most likely, will begin to fall and the market of the Pacific Rim won't be an exception. [14] Besides, it is necessary to consider that in connection with the considerable deterioration in the ecological situation in the large megalopolises of China connected to an intensive use of coal there is the active substitution its more environmentally friendly types of energy resources therefore it is impossible to exclude the decline in demand and coal prices in the Pacific Rim. In this case there will be a problem of lowering of profitability of production of coal in the Sakhalin region and there will be a question of abbreviation of the export volumes. Therefore in the long term it is necessary to develop carbon generation, deep processing of coal, to use coal as a resource for the chemical productions placed in the Sakhalin region. In this case it is necessary to think of creation of the coal- chemical cluster. [14] One more direction which development will allow use the local coal is the power industry. Now the Power system of the Sakhalin region is a component of branch of the power industry of Russia. However it has no technological connections with the Power pool system of Russia and is isolated. The power supply system of the Sakhalin region is divided into the certain independent power regions in the territory of the region: [12] - The central power region. Provides electrical power supply of the southern and central parts of the island; - The northern power region; - The four isolated power regions in the territories of the – Paramushir, , Kunashir, Shikotan. The main power supplying enterprises of the Sakhalin region are: PJSC "Sakhalinenergo"; JSC "Nogliksk Gas Power Station"; JSC "Okhinsk Combined Heat and Power Plant". The PJSC "Sakhalinenergo" enterprise is the largest power supplying enterprise of the Sakhalin region, is a part of OES "East" and provides the centralized electrical power supply of the Central power region (CPR), 17 of 21 municipal units of the Sakhalin region and also release of heat power of JSC "SKK" for heat supply of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and the settlement East. [15] The main generating sources of the company are the Sakhalin state district power plant (power of 168 MW, 15 Gcal/h) and the Southern Sakhalin CHPP-1 (power of 455 MW, 783 Gcal/h). More than 65% made in the field of the electric power and 40% of thermal energy is the share of thermal power plants of JSC "Sakhalinenergo". [16] Except the power objects which are a part of PJSC "Sakhalinenergo" in the north of the Sakhalin region "The Okhinsk Combined Heat and Power Plant" – JSC "The Okhinsk Combined Heat and Power Plant", which till January, 2007 was the affiliated joint-stock company PJSC "Sakhalinenergo" independently functions. In the central energy district the "Nogliksk gas power plant" which is a part of JSC "The Nogliksk Gas Power Plant" functions. In the south the power supply of the Novikovsk district is carried out by the Novikovsk diesel power plant. Except the development of traditional power industry the Sakhalin region has very high potential in the field of renewable energy. Especially it is relevant for the wind power. Considering the exclusively high potential of wind energy, this type of generation needs to be used in the removed and isolated energy districts in the territories of the Kuril Islands – Paramushir, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan. Now in the Sakhalin region only one large project on a use of wind power installations is realized. In the village of Novikovo of the Sakhalin region in 2013 JSC "RAO Energy Systems of the East" has put the 0,55 MW wind power installation into operation. [17] It means that motions in the development of alternative power engineering in the Sakhalin region have begun. However the rates of introduction of this type of generation are insignificant. It is necessary to force out actively traditional generation in the remote territories. Because the power supply system of the Sakhalin region is isolated, the all made electric power is consumed in the region. In the power supply system there are no large industrial consumers of energy therefore loading has the generally household character. The biggest share of consumption on the region is the share of the southern areas of the island – municipal unit Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, and . [18] The electric power output, without the electric power developed by the enterprises working at the shelf projects was 2 649,0 million kWh (100,2% to the level of 2014). At the same time the net electricity supply was 1999,2 million kWh or 101,7% to the level of the last year. [19] The structure of consumption of fuel resources for the development of electrical energy in the Sakhalin region in 2015 was following [12]: - natural gas – 82,1%; - coal – 15,3%; - diesel fuel – 2,5%; - fuel oil – 0,1% (it is used at coaling power plants). The total amount of consumption of energy resources at the power plants in 2015 was: - natural gas – 775 527.1 thousand m3; - coal – 301,33 thousand tons; - diesel fuel – 19,5 thousand tons; - fuel oil – 0,6% (it is used at the coaling power plants). Apparently from the provided data, the share of coal generation in the structure of consumption of fuel resources for the development of electrical energy in the Sakhalin region is insignificant. Development of coal generation would allow load the coal-mining enterprises of the Sakhalin region. Now in the region construction of the coaling power plant "Sakhalin GRES-2" is carried out. According to the project, the established electric power of the first stage of power plant "Sakhalin GRES-2" will be 120 MW, 18,2 Gcal/h. The annual need for coal at the same time will make about 200 - 350 thousand tons of coal. [12] Supply of coal to the new power plant is going to be carried out from the two perspective coal fields – Solntsevo and Gornozavodsk. However the further development of coal generation is interfered by a limited demand for the electric power in the region. First of all, it is connected with the fact that the all large industrial facilities of the Sakhalin region have the own generation. Implementation of the project on implementation of export of the electric power to Japan could become the solution of this problem. The idea of construction of the power bridge Sakhalin- has arisen in 2000. Within this project it was supposed that deliveries to Japan will be carried out from the Sakhalin GRES-2 under construction, the Southern Sakhalin combined heat and power plant. Further at an expansion of volumes of deliveries it was planned to involve the Komsomol combined heat and power plants 1, 2, 3, the combined heat and power plant, the Maysk power plant located on the continent. [21] However realization of this project isn’t begun yet. Now the PJSC "RusHydro" company together with "Mitsui" carries out the work on preparation of financial model of the power bridge project Russia-Japan [22] which implementation would allow export up to 2 – 4 GW of electric power to Japan. [23] One of the main reasons why the project of the power bridge is still not realized is the legislative ban on import of the electric power existing in Japan. Therefore it should be noted that there will be no changes in the Japanese legislation yet, the idea of creation of the power bridge and will remain the idea. Nevertheless, negotiations on this question are actively conducted at the intergovernmental level in the recent years, and, at the initiative of the Japanese side. It is connected with the fact that after the accident on Fukushima Plant adjacent territories still have deficiency in the electric power. It should be noted that the question of construction of the power bridge Russia-Japan has been for the first time brought up during the study of other megaproject which was called "Asian super-ring". This project of a power super- ring had to unite the power supply systems of Russia, China, Mongolia, South Korea and Japan. [24] The project has been offered by RAO "UES of Russia" in 1998 - 2000. However the growth of energy consumption in the Russian Federation and, respectively, reduction of surplus of the electric power was led to the fact that the dialogue on implementation of this project has stopped. [25] Now the question of implementation of the project of power super-ring has been brought up by the Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Eastern economic forum which was taking place in September, 2016 in Vladivostok. For the faster and dynamic implementation of this Russian project the President have made the proposal on formation of the intergovernmental working group which will be engaged in the study of all arising questions. [26] This question has been considered at the quadrilateral negotiations which were taking place in Japan in 2016 in which the heads of "The Rosset" and SoftBank Group companies and also the heads of GEC of China and KEPCO have taken part. [27] For the Russian side implementation of this project would provide, first of all, growth of the non-oil export, loading of the Siberian and Far-Eastern generating capacities, implementation of the new investment projects on construction of the power plants using the local fuel that would give an impetus to development of the coal industry in the region. It should be noted that the project of uniting of the power supply systems of Russia and Japan and also implementation of the large-scale project on creation of the Asian power super-ring infringe the political interests of the member countries of these projects connected with the ensuring their energy security. In this regard implementation of these projects is impossible without adoption of the relevant political decisions at the intergovernmental level. Therefore Russia needs to adhere persistently to the policy directed to an advance of implementation of the project of the power bridge Sakhalin-Hokkaido as the element of the Asian power super-ring. One more important export direction, along with the export of oil, gas and electric power, is coal export. Expansion of the export coal deliveries to Japan and Korea is the priority direction for the Sakhalin region in a view of presence of considerable excess capacities. Now already more than 70% of all coal extracted on Sakhalin go for export. [28] The geographical location of the Sakhalin region of the Russian Federation, existence of the large coal stocks does possible transformation of the region in the large exporter of coal to the countries of the Pacific Rim. It is connected with the fact that transportation of coal to the Asia- Pacific countries from the South Africa and Australia on many technical and economic aspects concedes to the export from the island of Sakhalin, especially by deliveries to the industrial centers of Japan and South Korea. However the major limiting factor of development of the export potential of the coal industry is the poorly developed transport infrastructure. Respectively, a necessary condition for development of coal export is the advancing development of the infrastructure facilities providing the export sending. Geographical location of the Sakhalin region means that for development of export to the countries of the Pacific Rim it is necessary to pay attention to the development and modernization of the sea coal terminals. Now in the Sakhalin region 8 seaports function - Korsakov, Kholmsk, Shakhtyorsk, , , Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsk, Prigorodnoe, Moskalvo) and 11 sea terminals, entering their boundaries (Nabil, Uglegorsk, Boshnyakovo, Krasnogorsk, Yablochnoe, Pravda, Yuzhno-, Malokurilsk, Krabozavodsk, Kitovoe, Severo-Kurilsk). [29] Export shipment of coal from the Sakhalin region is carried out through the seaport Shakhtyorsk (3083,5 thousand tons), Nevelsk (912 thousand tons); sea coal terminals Uglegorsk (446,8 thousand tons), Boshnyakovsk (448,6 thousand tons). [13] The seaport Shakhtyorsk is the single port on Sakhalin specializing only in the coal shipment. It is located in the Uglegorsk region where more than 55% of all volume of the island production of this mineral are extracted. For 2016 through the seaport Shakhtyorsk it was shipped for export 3 million t of coal. In addition to the port specializing in the coal transfer the sea terminals Uglegorsk, Boshnyakovo and Krasnogorsk enter it. [30] The first two sea terminals which moorings since 2012 are rented by LLC "The Eastern Mining Company" (EMC) are also engaged in the coal transfer extracted on the Udarnovsk mine and on the Solntsevo coal mine. In 2017 on Sakhalin it is planned to increase the further coal mining which main share will be exported. In this regard for the development of export supply of coal development of the already existing sea coal terminals and construction of new is provided. So, for the development of coal transfer in the seaport Kholmsk of JSC "The Kholmsk Sea Trade Port" made the pre-project studies in the volume of the Declaration on intentions on the project of reconstruction of the mooring No. 8 and coordinated them with the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Rosmorport". As a result of project implementation by 2020 increase in the transfer of loads including coal, through the reconstructed mooring up to 1 million t a year is planned. [31] It is planned to develop transfer of coal and in the seaport Nevelskoy. In the plans for this year – practically to double the coal transfer volumes – up to 1,8 million t. [32] The LLC "The Eastern Mining Company" plans to realize in the seaport Shakhtyorsk the investment project on an increase in the goods turnover of the coal terminal up to 5 – 7,0 million t a year by 2018. Also construction of the new sea coal terminal near the cape of Izylmetyeva (Shakhtyorsk port) is provided. This investment project on construction of the 10 million t new coal port "The VGK" company plans to implement by 2025 [32] In the remaining seaports of the Sakhalin region implementation of the large investment projects on the development of cargo capacities is not provided now. Increase in capacities of the sea coal terminals will allow the Sakhalin region increase the export supply of coal to the Asia-Pacific countries. Based on the provided information it is possible to draw a conclusion that the Sakhalin region has the considerable resource potential first of all in the fuel and energy sphere. Favorable economical and geographical placement, closeness to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and to the others Asia-Pacific countries which are the largest importers of fuel and energy resources gives the chance to the Sakhalin region to play more significant role in support of these countries with the energy resources. In this regard the further development of infrastructure projects, implementation of the oil and gas projects, extension of export supply of coal, project implementation of the power bridge Sakhalin-Hokkaido will allow the Sakhalin region become the supplier of energy resources, largest in Russia, to the countries of the Pacific Rim.

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