Vins Du Liban

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Vins Du Liban V ins du L iba n: ars L e business en bo u t e il l e LMa v ie:, c ’esi extra SEPTEMBRE 1996, 5000 L.L. N o 10. sept embre 1996 So m m a i r e VOICE OF AMERIKA: U NE PRESSE À DEUX TEMPS 24 D E VISU : VIVIR LA MU ERTE 26 VINS DU LIBAN: LE BU SI- NESS EN BOUTEILLE 32 Q U AND LA Ont contribué VILLE DORT 38 à ce n um éro LA CH AMBRE INTROU VABLE EXTRÊMES: DABKÉ, 5-22 Hanane Abboud, Ziad N. Abdelnour, Paul MONT-LIBAN: LES MAILLES DU FILET Achkar, Jamal Asmar, SEXE, FOLKLORE ET Médéa Azouri, Chris- tophe Ayad, Nabih FANTAISIE 44 METN: COMMENT LAH OU D A TRA- Badawi, Nadine Che- hadé, Mona Daoud, MIXED MEDIA: L’OF- VERSÉ LE MURR N ORD: U N POTEN- Sophie Dick, Jabbour Douayhi, Patrick Hen- FENSIVE DE ÉLÉ nebelle, Vincent T - TIEL D’INATTENDU BEYROU TH : LES Homer, Anthony IBAN LGO Karam, Houda Kas- L 50 A - RATÉS DU ROULEAU COMPRESSEUR satly, Mazen Kerbaj, Charif Majdalani, RITHME: LA VIE, Farouk Mardam-Bey, ENJEUX ET SURPRISES: SUD, BÉKAA Marie Matar, Nada C EST EXTRA Moghayzel Nasr, ’ 54 Nada Nassar Chaoul, Reina Sarkis, Farès GH ASSAN FAWA Z : D ANS LES RECOINS Sassine, Michèle Standjovski, Jade D’UNE MÉMOIRE BLESSÉE 64 POÉSIE Tabet, Fawaz Tra- boulsi, Michael POUR GOURMETS 67 BIRUNI: L’INDE Young EN ARABESQUES 70 SAVEURS: D U RAISIN L’O RIENT-EXPRESS, IMM. MEDIA C ENTRE, 78 CARTE POSTALE: ALEP LA BLANCH E ACCAOUI, B.P. ACHRAFIEH 166495 TÉL.: (961-1) 201942 OU LA CITÉ GRISE 80 H ISTOIRES: FAX: (961-1) 217093 CHUTE D’UN PRÉSIDENT OU LA RÉVOLU- TION DE 1952 86 LE COIN DES BU LLES: IDEAL 92 SPÉCIAL FEMME ACTIVE SUPPLÉMENT PUBLICITAIRE, I À XLVIII L’O RIENT-EXPRESS, MAGAZINE MENSUEL DE L’O RIENT-LE JOUR, EST ÉDITÉ PAR LA SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE DE PRESSE ET D’ÉDITION, S.A.L. Rédacteur en chef Rédaction Direction artistique Photos Photogravure Samir Kassir Carmen Abou-Jaoudé Émile Menhem Victor Fernainé Clockwise Directeur Omar Boustany Maquette Houda Kassatly Impression Camille Menassa Coordination Secrétaire de rédaction Chantal Rayes Edouard Chaptini AFP Joseph Raïdy Tamima Dahdah Caroline Donati Publicité Pressmedia Tamam S.A.L. L’ORIEN T-EXPRESS 3 SEPTEM BRE 1996 Législatives 96 La Chambre introuvable Ça n’arrive que dans les rêves les plus doux des potentats: avoir à portée de main un Parlement si loyaliste qu’on n’en saurait jamais trouver de pareil. C’est cela une Chambre introuvable et c’est une Chambre de cet acabit que nous aurons pour les quatre années qui nous séparent du vingt- et-unième siècle. Grâces en soient rendues à un personnel dirigeant qui a érigé la manipulation en ligne de conduite. Car le Parlement ne sera pas loyaliste par plaisir mais bien parce que les gou- vernants l’ont voulu ainsi. Introuvable, la Chambre de 1996 le sera également parce qu’on aura beau chercher, on ne verra pas trace du Législatif, tout heureux de s’évaporer devant le poids du gouvernement et de son chef. Ça n’arrive que dans les rêves les plus doux des peuples: avoir à por- tée de main un Parlement si loyaliste qu’on n’en saurait jamais détester de pareil. Allons, la poli- tique commence aujourd’hui. L’ORIEN T-EXPRESS 5 SEPTEM BRE 1996 algarade SAM IR KASSIR L FAUT SAVOIR GRÉ AU POU- du moins, en voie de l’être. IVOIR D’UNE CHOSE: lui, au Toute seule, comme une moins, n’a pas pris à la légère Déblayage grande. Pour s’être mise elle- ces élections. Il s’est donné les même hors du coup, pour moyens de les contrôler et n’a avoir persisté dans sa logique pas lésiné sur les abus et la absolue quand les citoyens, fraude pour en orienter les pour un avenir eux, redécouvraient dans la vie résultats. À bien y réfléchir, y a-t-il plus bel hommage à la D es élection s, le pou voir cherchait vigueur de l’esprit d’opposition qui cimente aujour- d’hui les Libanais? Y a-t-il plus bel hommage à l’oppo- à tirer non une légitimité mais sition elle-même, si fragmentée, si désorganisée, si hété- un nouvel ordonnancement rogène soit-elle? En fait, y a-t-il pour elle plus net avènement? quotidienne, dans le rapport avec l’État, la relativité des Curieux avènement qui commence par une défaite, choses. dira-t-on. Oui, mais c’était cela ou le néant, l’inexis- Et pourtant, Dieu sait si le pouvoir a tout fait pour l’ai- tence, la démission. C’est-à-dire la soumission. Et l’on der, cette opposition de l’extérieur. En s’ingéniant à y venait. Car la nature a horreur du vide; en cinq ans, donner raison à tous ceux qui trouvaient que les dés l’État, malgré toutes ses insuffisances, a renoué avec la étaient pipés. Remarquez, elle le lui a bien rendu, société les innombrables fils qui structurent la vie civile. Albert Moukheiber en sait quelque chose et, avec lui, Qui songerait d’ailleurs à s’en plaindre, même si, der- les citoyens du Metn qui découvrent que M.U.R. peut rière l’État, s’engouffrent petits et grands profiteurs des se prononcer Murr. pouvoirs établis? Mais il y a plus grave que l’erreur du boycott et les Il était de bon ton, ces dernières semaines, de se gaus- dérives qui en sont résultées. C’est cette formidable ser de la multiplicité des candidatures jugées peu cré- méprise sur la définition des enjeux des élections. Aussi dibles, ou même carrément ridicules. C’est un peu trop bien l’enjeu régional que l’enjeu local. Les yeux encore facile. Ne faut-il pas plutôt voir dans cet engouement fixés sur la ligne vert-rouge de Souk al-Gharb, ils ne pour la députation des notables de toutes les régions le voyaient pas que les élections avaient un enjeu propre- signe que la chose publique, à défaut d’être devenue sti- ment libanais, qui s’appelle Rafic Hariri. Quand ils fini- mulante, est maintenant perçue comme payante? Les rent par s’en apercevoir, ce fut pour donner un coup de électeurs eux-mêmes y ont répondu par l’affirmative. pouce à ce projet de pouvoir renforcé et centralisé. Et En s’engageant dans les machines électorales des diffé- obnubilés par la question de légitimité et de l’illégiti- rents candidats. Et surtout en allant voter, dans des pro- mité du régime, ils ne s’avisèrent pas qu’une partie portions très respectables: 45% pour le Mont-Liban, géante se jouait sur fond d’élections, pour en finir avec 40% pour le Nord, en tenant compte du nombre d’ex- le gêneur le plus encombrant de la scène libanaise, qui patriés, sont des chiffres comparables à ceux de l’avant- n’est pas Michel Aoun mais le Hezbollah. guerre. Et même les 31% de Beyrouth ne sont pas à mépriser; il suffit de se rappeler les 24% de 1964 ou les VOILÀ UNE AUTRE RAISON DE SE DIRE QUE LE POUVOIR A 33% de 1968, quand les candidats s’appelaient Pierre PRIS AU SÉRIEUX LES ÉLECTIONS. Il cherchait à en tirer non Gemayel, Fouad Boutros, Michel Sassine, Saëb Salam, pas une légitimité – celle-là, il l’a déjà – mais un nouvel Abdallah Yafi... ordonnancement. Rafic Hariri ne s’en cache pas, il veut Tous ceux qui, s’étant abstenus en 1992, sont allés une majorité aussi claire que possible, et qui ne soit pas voter cette année n’étaient pas motivés par la volonté l’assemblage hétéroclite que la forme libanaise de d’exprimer leur opposition au pouvoir, il s’en faut. démocratie parlementaire a presque toujours généré et L’étaient-ils qu’ils risquaient parfois de se retrouver fort avec lequel elle a renoué après Taëf. Après trois levées embarrassés, faute d’une bataille politique suffisam- électorales, il est en bonne voie de l’obtenir, quitte à ment claire ou tout simplement faute de choix. Ce devoir passer en partie, et pour quelque temps encore, n’était pas non plus forcément pour cause de civisme par des relais comme Joumblatt et Hobeika, voire bien raisonné, et pas davantage par désir de faire la Berry. Mais, même dans ce dernier cas, on peut déjà nique aux boycotteurs. Soyons sport: ce n’est pas pour dire que la troïka ne sera plus ce qu’elle est. en finir avec l’opposition de l’extérieur que les électeurs À brève échéance, une telle évolution n’est pas sans ont été aux urnes, c’est parce qu’elle est déjà finie ou, risque, étant donné les dimensions du projet Hariri et la L’ORIEN T-EXPRESS 6 SEPTEM BRE 1996 propension du personnage à personnaliser la pratique prendre un verre mais à qui beaucoup hésiteront à du pouvoir et celle de l’administration. Elle n’est pas confier leur avenir tant qu’il continuera à croire que sans avantage pour autant. Car, on va enfin avoir une Pierre Gemayel est encore en vie? Reste évidemment adéquation entre le gouvernement et le régime: fini les Michel Aoun dont il serait stupide de contester la popu- ministres opposants – on y était déjà mais c’était à larité tant qu’il reste dans son exil – volontaire depuis confirmer –, fini aussi la schizophrénie de ces piliers du le 28 août. Mais qui peut-dire sincèrement ce qu’il en régime et alliés de Damas qui passent leur temps à cri- adviendrait s’il était, comme Lahoud ou Harb, tiquer le président du Conseil, autre allié de Damas, confronté à la concurrence de l’appareil d’État? avant de plier quand vient l’heure de la décision.
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