Newsletter 2 JANUARY 2007
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Defence Mechanisms of Brassicaceae: Implications for Plant-Insect Interactions and Potential for Integrated Pest Management
Agron. Sustain. Dev. 30 (2010) 311–348 Available online at: c INRA, EDP Sciences, 2009 www.agronomy-journal.org DOI: 10.1051/agro/2009025 for Sustainable Development Review article Defence mechanisms of Brassicaceae: implications for plant-insect interactions and potential for integrated pest management. A review Ishita Ahuja,JensRohloff, Atle Magnar Bones* Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Realfagbygget, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway (Accepted 5 July 2009) Abstract – Brassica crops are grown worldwide for oil, food and feed purposes, and constitute a significant economic value due to their nutritional, medicinal, bioindustrial, biocontrol and crop rotation properties. Insect pests cause enormous yield and economic losses in Brassica crop production every year, and are a threat to global agriculture. In order to overcome these insect pests, Brassica species themselves use multiple defence mechanisms, which can be constitutive, inducible, induced, direct or indirect depending upon the insect or the degree of insect attack. Firstly, we give an overview of different Brassica species with the main focus on cultivated brassicas. Secondly, we describe insect pests that attack brassicas. Thirdly, we address multiple defence mechanisms, with the main focus on phytoalexins, sulphur, glucosinolates, the glucosinolate-myrosinase system and their breakdown products. In order to develop pest control strategies, it is important to study the chemical ecology, and insect behaviour. We review studies on oviposition regulation, multitrophic interactions involving feeding and host selection behaviour of parasitoids and predators of herbivores on brassicas. Regarding oviposition and trophic interactions, we outline insect oviposition behaviour, the importance of chemical stimulation, oviposition-deterring pheromones, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, nitriles, and phytoalexins and their importance towards pest management. -
Alien and Invasive Species of Harmful Insects in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Alien and invasive species of harmful insects in Bosnia and Herzegovina Mirza Dautbašić1,*, Osman Mujezinović1 1 Faculty of Forestry University in Sarajevo, Chair of Forest Protection, Urban Greenery and Wildlife and Hunting. Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo * Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: An alien species – animal, plant or micro-organism – is one that has been introduced as a result of human activity to an area it could not have reached on its own. In cases where the foreign species expands in its new habitat, causing environmental and economic damage, then it is classified as invasive. The maturity of foreign species in the new area may also be influenced by climate changes. The detrimental effect of alien species is reflected in the reduction of biodiversity as well as plant vitality. A large number of alien species of insects are not harmful to plants in new habitats, but there are also those that cause catastrophic consequences to a significant extent. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of newly discovered species of insects in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research area, for this work included forest and urban ecosystems in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the purposes of this paper, an overview of the species found is provided: /HSWRJORVVXVRFFLGHQWDOLV Heidemann; (Hemiptera: Coreidae) - The western conifer seed bug, found at two sites in Central Bosnia, in 2013 and 2015; $UJHEHUEHULGLVSchrank; (Hymenoptera: Argidae) - The berberis sawfly, recorded in one locality (Central Bosnia), in 2015; -
A New Dipteran Parasitoid of Rose Sawfly from Turkey
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (3): 288-291 Research Article Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty Doi:10.17475/kastorman.341693 A New Dipteran Parasitoid of Rose Sawfly from Turkey: Vibrissina turrita (Meigen, 1824) Yafes YILDIZ Bartın University, Faculty of Forestry, Bartın, 74100, TURKEY [email protected] Received Date: 04.10.2017 Accepted Date: 22.10.2018 Abstract Aim of study: The aim of this study was to determine the parasitoid species of, Arge ochropus (Gmelin, 1790), which is an important pest of culture and wild roses. Area of study: Arge ochropus larvae were collected from Rosa canina in Bartın province. Material and Methods: Larvae collecting damages on Rosa canina species, which are distributed in different localities and were brought to the laboratory. Observations were continued and photographed under a microscope. Main results: Arge ochropus (Gmelin, 1790) is a significant pest of cultivated and wild roses in Turkey. Leaf surface is consumed as a result of intense damage of larvae and this affects growth and blooming in the plant. It was observed that the larvae collected from the field were infected by a new parasitoid in the laboratory. This tachinid parasitoid was defined as Vibrissina turrita. Research highlights: Vibrissina turrita (Meigen, 1824) was detected in Turkey as a Tachinidae fauna and Arge ochropus parasitoid for the first time in this study. Keywords: Vibrissina turrita, new record, Tachinidae, parasitoid, Arge ochropus, Turkey Türkiye’ den Gül Yaprak Arısının Yeni Bir Parazitoiti: Vibrissina turrita (Meigen, 1824) Öz Çalışmanın amacı: Kültür ve yabani güllerin önemli zararlısı Arge ochropus (Gmelin, 1790) yaprak arısının, parazitoid türünün tespiti amaçlanmıştır. -
Plant Trichomes and a Single Gene GLABRA1 Contribute to Insect
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/320903; this version posted May 13, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Plant trichomes and a single gene GLABRA1 contribute to insect 2 community composition on field-grown Arabidopsis thaliana 3 4 Yasuhiro Sato1,2, Rie Shimizu-Inatsugi3, Misako Yamazaki3, Kentaro K. Shimizu3,4*, and 5 Atsushi J. Nagano5* 6 7 1PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan 8 2Research Institute for Food and Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Yokotani 1-5, Seta Oe-cho, 9 Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan 10 3Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 11 Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland 12 4Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, 13 244-0813 Totsuka-ward, Yokohama, Japan 14 5Department of Plant Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Yokotani 15 1-5, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan 16 *Co-corresponding authors: K.K. Shimizu (Phone: +41-44-635-6740) and A.J. Nagano 17 (Phone: +81-77-599-5656) 18 E-mail address: YS, [email protected]; RSI, [email protected]; MY, 19 [email protected]; KKS, [email protected]; AJN, 20 [email protected] 21 22 Short title: Field study of insects on Arabidopsis 23 24 p. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/320903; this version posted May 13, 2018. -
Workflows for Rapid Functional Annotation of Diverse
insects Article Workflows for Rapid Functional Annotation of Diverse Arthropod Genomes Surya Saha 1,2 , Amanda M. Cooksey 2,3, Anna K. Childers 4 , Monica F. Poelchau 5 and Fiona M. McCarthy 2,* 1 Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; [email protected] 2 School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; [email protected] 3 CyVerse, BioScience Research Laboratories, University of Arizona, 1230 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 4 Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; [email protected] 5 National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10301 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: fi[email protected] Simple Summary: Genomic technologies are accumulating information about genes faster than ever before, and sequencing initiatives, such as the Earth BioGenome Project, i5k, and Ag100Pest Initiative, are expected to increase this rate of acquisition. However, if genomic sequencing is to be used for the improvement of human health, agriculture, and our understanding of biological systems, it is necessary to identify genes and understand how they contribute to biological outcomes. While there are several well-established workflows for assembling genomic sequences and identifying genes, understanding gene function is essential to create actionable knowledge. Moreover, this functional annotation process must be easily accessible and provide information at a genomic scale to keep up Citation: Saha, S.; Cooksey, A.M.; with new sequence data. We report a well-defined workflow for rapid functional annotation of whole Childers, A.K.; Poelchau, M.F.; proteomes to produce Gene Ontology and pathways information. -
Prioritising the Management of Invasive Non-Native Species
PRIORITISING THE MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE NON-NATIVE SPECIES Olaf Booy Thesis submitted to the School of Natural and Environmental Sciences in fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Newcastle University October 2019 Abstract Invasive non-native species (INNS) are a global threat to economies and biodiversity. With large numbers of species and limited resources, their management must be carefully prioritised; yet agreed methods to support prioritisation are lacking. Here, methods to support prioritisation based on species impacts, pathways of introduction and management feasibility were developed and tested. Results provide, for the first time, a comprehensive list of INNS in Great Britain (GB) based on the severity of their biodiversity impacts. This revealed that established vertebrates, aquatic species and non-European species caused greater impacts than other groups. These high impact groups increased as a proportion of all non-native species over time; yet overall the proportion of INNS in GB decreased. This was likely the result of lag in the detection of impact, suggesting that GB is suffering from invasion debt. Testing methods for ranking the importance of introduction pathways showed that methods incorporating impact, uncertainty and temporal trend performed better than methods based on counts of all species. Eradicating new and emerging species is one of the most effective management responses; however, practical methods to prioritise species based both on their risk and the feasibility of their eradication are lacking. A novel risk management method was developed and applied in GB and the EU to identify not only priority species for eradication and contingency planning, but also prevention and long term management. -
A Linkage Map of the Turnip Sawfly Athalia Rosae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) Based on Random Amplified Polymorphic Dnas
Genes Genet. Syst. (2000) 75, p. 159–166 A linkage map of the turnip sawfly Athalia rosae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) based on random amplified polymorphic DNAs Yoshikatsu Nishimori1, Jae Min Lee1,†, Megumi Sumitani1, Masatsugu Hatakeyama2, and Kugao Oishi1,2,* 1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 675-8501, Japan (Received 3 April 2000, accepted 21 June 2000) A linkage map was constructed for the sawfly, Athalia rosae (Hymenoptera), based on the segregation of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and a visible mutation, yellow fat body (yfb). Forty haploid male progeny (20 yfb and 20 +) from a single diploid female parent (yfb/+) were examined. Sixty-one of the 180 arbitrary primers tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) produced one or more RAPD bands. A total of 79 RAPD markers were detected. Of these, seven showed significant deviation from the expected 1:1 ratio, and were therefore excluded from further analysis. The remaining 72 RAPD markers and the marker mutation, yfb, were subjected to linkage analysis. Sixty RAPD markers and the yfb marker were organized into 16 linkage groups, spanning a distance of 517.2 cM. Twelve RAPD markers showed no linkage relationship to any group. Thirteen gel-purified RAPD bands were cloned and sequenced to generate the sequence-tagged sites (STSs). A single locus was represented by two markers, with one of them having a short inter- nal deletion. and Page, 1995) and four parasitic wasps, Bracon hebetor INTRODUCTION (Antolin et al., 1996), Nasonia vitripennis (Saul, 1993), Recent advances in the methodologies used to perform Aphelinus asychis (Kazmer et al., 1995), and Trichog- linkage analyses employing molecular markers have accel- ramma brassicae (Laurent et al., 1998), of which erated genetic linkage mapping in a number of organisms, all but one map (that for N. -
Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae) from South Korea with Key to Species of the Subfamily Arginae
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 183e193 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb Original article Three new species of the genus Arge (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae) from South Korea with key to species of the subfamily Arginae Jin-Kyung Choi a, Su-Bin Lee a, Meicai Wei b, Jong-Wook Lee a,* a Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea b Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees (Central South University of Forestry and Technology), Ministry of Education, Changsha, China article info abstract Article history: Three new species, Arge koreana Wei & Lee sp. nov. from South Korea, Arge pseudorejecta Wei & Lee sp. Received 20 January 2016 nov., and Arge shengi Wei & Lee sp. nov. from South Korea and China are described. Keys to known genera Received in revised form of Argidae and known species of Arginae from South Korea are provided. 11 February 2016 Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Accepted 15 February 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// Available online 24 February 2016 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Keywords: Arginae China key Korea Introduction Takeuchi 1927, 1939; Doi 1938; Kim 1957, 1963, 1970; Togashi 1973, 1990, 1997; Zombori 1974, 1978; Paek et al 2010; Shinohara Taeger et al (2010) listed 58 genera and 913 valid species and et al 2009; Shinohara et al 2012). -
Monitoring of Four Invasive Non-Native Garden Pests
Monitoring of four invasive non-native garden pests Andrew Salisbury, Ian Waghorn and Andrew Halstead The Entomology section of the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) is collating records of four invasive non-native garden pest insects following their establishment in the UK. Data collection has previously relied on data gathered from RHS members’ enquiries, however in May 2008 internet- based monitoring has been launched. Lily beetle – Lilioceris lilii Rosemary beetle – Chrysolina americana First reported Firs t rec orded 1994-1999 1939-1989 2000-2004 1990-1999 2005- 2000+ Adult lily beetle (Photo R. Key) Rosemary beetle adult (RHS) Lily beetle larvae (RHS) Distribution of the Lily beetle in Britain and Ireland (December 2007). Produced using DMAP© Distribution of Rosemary beetle in Britain. (January 2008). Produced using DMAP© Lily beetle is a defoliating pest of lilies (Lilium) and fritillaries (Fritillaria) that Rosemary beetle was first reported outdoors in the UK at RHS Wisley Garden became established in Surrey in the late 1930s. Until the late 1980s the beetle in 1994, however it was not found there again until 2000. During that time it remained confined to south east England. However during the past two became established in London, and is now a common pest in gardens in decades the beetle has spread rapidly and it is now found throughout England, south east England, with scattered reports from the rest of Britain. Both the is widespread in Wales and is spreading in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Little adults and the grey grubs defoliate rosemary, lavender and some other is known about the threat this beetle poses to native Snake’s head fritillary related plants. -
VC55 Species Number
VC55 Species Number: 135 Last updated: 3rd Feb 2018 Species Common Records Last Seen Arge berberidis Berberis Sawfly 16 2017 Arge cyanocrocea Bramble Sawfly 30 2017 Arge melanochra none 2 2016 Arge ochropus Rose Sawfly 15 2017 Arge pagana Large Rose Sawfly 19 2017 Arge ustulata none 8 2017 Calameuta filiformis Reed Stem Borer 3 2015 Cephus nigrinus none 1 2017 Cephus pygmeus Wheat Stem Borer 6 2017 Cephus spinipes none 2 2017 Hartigia xanthostoma none 1 2014 Abia sericea Scabious/Club-horned Sawfly 6 2017 Cimbex connatus Large Alder Sawfly 4 2017 Cimbex femoratus Birch Sawfly 8 2017 Trichiosoma lucorum 1 1990 Trichiosoma tibiale Hawthorn Sawfly 2 1999 Zaraea fasciata 2 2017 Diprion similis Imported Pine Sawfly 2 2014 Diprion pini 1 2017 Pamphilius betulae 2 2017 Sirex noctilio 1 1980 Urocerus gigas Giant Woodwasp 25 2017 Allantus cinctus Curled Rose Sawfly 6 2014 Allantus cingulatus 2 2014 Allantus calceatus 1 2015 Ametastegia carpini Geranium Sawfly 3 2017 Ametastegia glabrata 1 2014 Apethymus filiformis 1 2014 Athalia bicolor 1 2014 Athalia circularis 5 2017 Athalia cordata 11 2017 Athalia liberta 2 2016 Athalia rosae Turnip Sawfly 31 2017 Athalia scutellariae Skullcap Sawfly 7 2017 Blennocampa pusilla 3 1996 Blennocampa phyllocolpa 7 2017 Caliroa annulipes Oak Slug Sawfly 2 2014 Caliroa cerasi Pear Slug Sawfly 4 2015 Eutomostethus ephippium 8 2017 Eutomostethus luteiventris 1 2014 Halidamia affinis 2 2013 Monophadnus pallescens 1 2011 Periclista albida 1 2010 Periclista lineolata Oak Sawfly 4 2016 Phymatocera aterrima Solomon's Seal -
Chemical Defence in a Sawfly
Heredity (2003) 90, 468–475 & 2003 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0018-067X/03 $25.00 www.nature.com/hdy Chemical defence in a sawfly: genetic components of variation in relevant life-history traits CMu¨ ller1, BJ Zwaan, H de Vos and PM Brakefield Institute of Biology, Leiden University, PO Box 9516, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Larvae of several tenthredinid sawfly species readily release negative phenotypic correlation was found between the two droplets of haemolymph through their integument when traits directly related to the defence mechanism: integument attacked by predators. This defence mechanism via ‘bleed- resistance and haemolymph deterrence. However, the ing’ is characterised by a low integument resistance and a significant heritabilities found for these traits in the full-sib high haemolymph deterrence. Both traits are variable, and analysis (0.39 and 0.35, respectively, for males in the Swiss negatively correlated among species. We sought to deter- population) show that the variation has a genetic component. mine if such differences in the propensity to bleed also occur While full-sib analysis revealed highly significant heritabilities intraspecifically by studying the heritability of traits potentially for most traits in all the three populations, parent–offspring associated with the bleeding phenomenon in the turnip regression revealed little or no evidence of heritable sawfly Athalia rosae ruficornis Jakovlev (Hymenoptera: variation. Effects of common environment for siblings and Tenthredinidae, Allantinae). For three European populations, variation in the host-plant quality between insect generations heritabilities were estimated in the laboratory in a parent– are likely to be the main factors explaining these differences. -
Pests of Cultivated Plants in Finland
ANNALES AGRICULTURAE FE,NNIAE Maatalouden tutkimuskeskuksen aikakauskirja Vol. 1 1962 Supplementum 1 (English edition) Seria ANIMALIA NOCENTIA N. 5 — Sarja TUHOELÄIMET n:o 5 Reprinted from Acta Entomologica Fennica 19 PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS IN FINLAND NIILO A.VAPPULA Agricultural Research Centre, Department of Pest Investigation, Tikkurila, Finland HELSINKI 1965 ANNALES AGRICULTURAE FENNIAE Maatalouden tutkimuskeskuksen aikakauskirja journal of the Agricultural Researeh Centre TOIMITUSNEUVOSTO JA TOIMITUS EDITORIAL BOARD AND STAFF E. A. jamalainen V. Kanervo K. Multamäki 0. Ring M. Salonen M. Sillanpää J. Säkö V.Vainikainen 0. Valle V. U. Mustonen Päätoimittaja Toimitussihteeri Editor-in-chief Managing editor Ilmestyy 4-6 numeroa vuodessa; ajoittain lisänidoksia Issued as 4-6 numbers yearly and occasional supplements SARJAT— SERIES Agrogeologia, -chimica et -physica — Maaperä, lannoitus ja muokkaus Agricultura — Kasvinviljely Horticultura — Puutarhanviljely Phytopathologia — Kasvitaudit Animalia domestica — Kotieläimet Animalia nocentia — Tuhoeläimet JAKELU JA VAIHTOTI LAUKS ET DISTRIBUTION AND EXCHANGE Maatalouden tutkimuskeskus, kirjasto, Tikkurila Agricultural Research Centre, Library, Tikkurila, Finland ANNALES AGRICULTURAE FENNIAE Maatalouden tutkimuskeskuksen aikakauskirja 1962 Supplementum 1 (English edition) Vol. 1 Seria ANIMALIA NOCENTIA N. 5 — Sarja TUHOELÄIMET n:o 5 Reprinted from Acta Entomologica Fennica 19 PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS IN FINLAND NIILO A. VAPPULA Agricultural Research Centre, Department of Pest Investigation,