WasteMET Asia

Integrated Solid Waste Management in

Ong Seng Eng Director Waste & Resource Management Department National Environment Agency

3 Jul 2012 Outline

Singapore’s solid waste management story

Overview of current system

Key challenges & opportunities

Vision for integrated waste-to-resource management

Key aspects & enhancements From Past to Present

Transformation of the

Chinatown – from street hawkers to al fresco From Past to Present

Transformation of living conditions & refuse collection From Past to Present

Lim Chu Kang Lorong Halus Semakau Landfill (Started operation in 1999) From direct landfilling to an offshore ash landfill

From the 1st waste-to-energy plant in 1979 to 4 others today Ulu Pandan Tuas South Keppel-Seghers

1979 1986 1992 2000 2009 1,100 tons/day 1,700 tons/day 2,400 tons/day 3,000 tons/day 800 tons/day SGD130 mil SGD200 mil SGD560 mil SGD900 mil SGD160 mil

Moving Upstream to Deal with Waste We realised that we had resolved the threat to public health but not the problem of growing waste quantities Waste minimisation & recycling measures were adopted

Businesses & Industries Homes Schools

Recycling by Businesses National Recycling Recycling Programmes & Industries Programme in Schools

•Pay-as-you-throw fee structure •Nationwide residential recycling •100% of primary & secondary encourages waste generators programme implemented in all schools have recycling corners to reduce waste disposal neighbourhoods •Students volunteer as “Green •Recycling services are provided •Recycling bins conveniently Ambassadors” at industrial estates located near every block of flats •Builds awareness & promotes action from young Our System Today

Incinerable Waste 7,277 t/d (38%)

Generation of Municipal Solid Waste Energy Recovery & Volume Reduction Waste Generated Energy 2,605 MWh/d 18,899 t/d (100%) Scrap Metal 40 t/d Waste Minimisation Mixed Recyclables Ash Recyclable Waste 1,773 t/d 11,065 t/d (59%) Material Recovery Facilities At-Source Segregation Sorted Resource Recovery Recyclables

Non-Incinerable Waste 557 t/d (3%) Landfill Note: Average daily figures for 2011 shown Challenges – Waste Growth & Land Scarcity Amount of waste generated in Singapore has risen rapidly & will continue to rise with population & economic growth Land will become more & more scarce Index 4,00 GDP

Current Population: 5 mil At this rate of waste growth, a new waste- 3,00 Long-Term Expected Population: 6.5 mil to-energy plant will have to be built every 7-10 yrs Semakau Landfill, our only landfill, is expected to last only until 2040-2045 2,00 Population A new offshore landfill will have to be built every 40-45 yrs

1,00 Waste Disposal 7,800 tons/day (2011) 1,200 tons/day (1970) 0,00 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Year But there will be less & less land available Opportunities – Environmental Sustainability To enhance the sustainability of our system as solutions to the waste growth challenge are being developed Minimisation / Prevention

• Promote efficient use of resources in production processes • Encourage 3Rs in homes & businesses

Recycling

• Maximise resource recovery from waste • Adopt better recycling methods to sustain clean environment

Waste-to-Energy / Volume Reduction ↓ Ash ↓ Land use • Adopt innovative technology to maximise energy ↓ Carbon ↓ Energy use recovery, minimise ash & land use ↓ Pollution Landfill

• Minimise waste to landfill Opportunities – Industry Growth To develop the waste mgmt industry towards higher value-added growth, standards, productivity & efficiency

More productive & efficient land use

Greater market capitalisation

Higher value-add

Greater employment opportunities

Higher workforce skills & standards Vision & Targets A sustainable, affordable & integrated waste-to- resource management system for a clean and liveable city

70% recycling rate by 2030

3R practices are integrated with daily life & business operations

A vibrant industry manages waste & resources effectively and contributes to economic growth

Waste mgmt facilities maximise resource & energy efficiency and minimise land footprint & environmental impacts 3R Enhancements We are stepping up our efforts to promote the 3Rs

Businesses Commercial Premises Homes Launch of 2nd Singapore Mandatory Reporting Enhancements to National Packaging Agreement Requirement Recycling Programme

•Voluntary industry-govt platform to promote packaging waste 3Rs •Commercial premises can benefit by recycling more & saving on •Introducing enhancements to •7,100 tons of packaging waste waste disposal cost increase recycling accessibility avoided & SGD14.9 mil saved & convenience •Large hotels & malls will be •Signatories express keen interest required to submit waste •1 recycling bin for every block to continue after 1st Agreement reduction plans & targets fr. 2014 of flats being rolled out in period expires on 30 June 2012 phases •NEA will work with premises to •New targets set for 2nd SPA by formulate tailored plans •Dedicated recycling chute 2015: currently under trial •6,500 tons/yr (up fr. 3,000 tons/yr) •315 signatories (up fr. 139)

Enhancing the Waste Mgmt Industry We are developing the capability of our waste mgmt industry to recover resources effectively, use land productively & achieve higher standards

Roadmap for Waste Mgmt Industry Higher Productivity, Standards & Better Technology

Recycling waste plastic into new material Enhancing the effectiveness of the industry

•We are completing a study on waste mgmt •We are raising industry standards by introducing industry to help establish a roadmap to achieve Singapore Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ) higher land and manpower productivity requirements •NEA & the International Solid Waste Association (ISWA) have set up a Training, Advisory & Promotion (TAP) Centre to promote adoption of sustainable waste mgmt practices Efficient Waste Collection We are striving to enhance waste collection efficiency & maintain high public health standards Pneumatic Refuse Conveyance System (PRCS) Implemented in selected developments Adoption to be widened

Indoor Refuse Inlet Dust & deodorant Bin centre filters

Air Inlet valve

Sealed container Transportation pipe

Automated system of conveying refuse in pipes by suction from buildings to central collection station

No open handling of refuse – reduces threat to public health Enhancements to Waste Collection

District Pneumatic Refuse Conveyance System (DPRCS) to be introduced in Marina Bay (new downtown district) & housing devt in

Higher waste collection efficiency More efficient land use Cleaner environment Energy Recovery & Volume Reduction To maximise landfill lifespan & energy recovery, an integrated waste management facility is being planned

Senoko Waste-to-Energy Plant

Preliminary concept of planned Tuas Incineration Plant integrated waste management facility

Keppel-Seghers Tuas Plant i. Maximise energy recovery ii. Maximise resource recovery (eg. centralised sorting facility, ash reuse) Tuas South Incineration Plant i. Minimise environmental & land footprint ii. Possible co-location with facilities using recovered energy Incineration ash iii. Educational centre

Semakau Landfill Example of Turning Challenge into Opportunity Semakau Landfill A unique environmental solution created entirely out of sea space

Commenced operation on 1 April 1999 Area : 350 hectares Capacity : 63 million m³ Cost : S$610 million Estimated lifespan: till 2045