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1 the Woman Question in Russia
The Woman Question in Russia: Contradictions and Ambivalence Elizabeth A. Wood The Woman Question in nineteenth and early twentieth century Russia focused principally on the position of women in the family and society. It was one of the so-called “burning” social issues that occupied the Russian intelligentsia in the second half of the nineteenth century, questions such as the emancipation of the peasants and the Jews, the rise of national consciousness. Yet it was perhaps the least straight-forward of the burning questions, the one most burdened by contradictions and ambivalence. It was, for one thing, very much a question about the place of men and masculinity under autocracy. Although it ostensibly addressed notions of how to improve women’s lot, it also contained within it and even perpetuated deeply misogynist notions of women’s backwardness. The early “woman question” was also often a code phrase for authors seeking to evade the strict censorship under Tsar Nicholas I (1825-1855); they wrote about women as a way of talking about revolution and radical social change. Contemporaries perceived the Woman Question as a native development that had organic Russian roots. Yet in actuality it came to Russia as an import, borrowing many Western ideas, yet melding them with Russian intellectual and moral traditions in a new synthesis. Historians and literature scholars debate the timing and nature of the earliest appearances of the Woman Question. Most general discussions date it from the time of discussions of the Emancipation of the peasantry, i.e., the late 1850s and early 1860s. Yet it is easy to see the roots in changes under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great, as well as in the 1830s-40s [1-4]. -
Racism in Russia and Its Effects on the Caucasian TESAM Akademi Dergisi - Turkish Journalregion of TESAM and Academy Peoples Ocak - January 2019
Can KAKIŞIM / Racism in Russia and its Effects on the Caucasian TESAM Akademi Dergisi - Turkish JournalRegion of TESAM and Academy Peoples Ocak - January 2019. 6(1). 97 - 121 ISSN: 2148 – 2462 RACISM IN RUSSIA AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE CAUCASIAN REGION AND PEOPLES1 Can KAKIŞIM2 Abstract Nowadays, Russia is one of those countries which crucially suffer from the racist sentiments and movements. In this country, radical right has an extensive social base and both ruling party and some other political entities can put forward examples of extreme nationalism. Caucasian-origin people have been the most negatively Caucasian immigrants from Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan asinfluenced well as group the Northernfrom these Caucasians approaches already since the holding beginning. Russian The citizenship have been target of numerous violent attacks especially in the 2000s. At the same time, rising racism in Russia strengthens expectations from the government to follow more active imperialist policies as racist groups more intensely defend and voice the rights of the Russians living in the former Soviet republics. Furthermore, between Russia and post-Soviet countries and in this sense, they these groups provide an additional fighting power in the clashes geography. compose a significant dimension of the interstate relations in this Keywords: Russia, Racism, Caucasia, Immigration, United Russia 1 Makalenin Geliş Tarihi: 15.04.2018 [email protected] Kabul Tarihi: 22.01.2019 2 Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Karabük Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Uluslararası Atıf:İlişkiler Bölümü Öğretim Üyesi. e-mail: peoples. Tesam Akademi Dergisi - Kakışım C. (2019). Racism in Russia and its effects on the caucasian region and , 6(1), 97-121. -
Henry Seidel Canby Hdt What? Index
PROFESSOR HENRY SEIDEL CANBY HDT WHAT? INDEX HENRY SEIDEL CANBY HENRY SEIDEL CANBY 1878 September 6, Friday: Henry Seidel Canby was born in Wilmington, Delaware, a son of Friend Edward Tatnall Canby and Ella Augusta Seidel, who was a Presbyterian. Because of his mother not being a Quaker, Henry would not be considered a “birthright” Friend but would have needed to apply for “convinced” membership — something he never would do, although he would be educated at Wilmington Friends School. “The Quaker has been unfortunate in fiction and drama.” HDT WHAT? INDEX HENRY SEIDEL CANBY HENRY SEIDEL CANBY 1896 In Andover, Massachusetts, a monument was erected over the grave of Harriet Beecher Stowe in the Chapel Cemetery of Phillips Academy on Main Street. The 1st telephones came to Oberlin, Ohio (by some accounts, private telephone lines had been being strung among a very few Oberlinians as early as 1877). At Oberlin College, James Wilbur Monroe retired at the age of 75. He and his wife Julia would live out his remaining years at their home on College Place. He continued his large adult Bible class at the 1st Congregational Church. Henry Seidel Canby matriculated at Yale College. HDT WHAT? INDEX HENRY SEIDEL CANBY HENRY SEIDEL CANBY 1899 Henry Seidel Canby received his bachelor’s degree from Yale College. Introduction by Nathan Haskell Dole to Emerson, Ralph Waldo. EARLY POEMS OF RALPH WALDO EMERSON. NY, Boston: Thomas Y. Crowell & Company. In the early years of the nineteenth century, when Boston was as yet only a comfortable little seaport town, and its principal streets still gave room for gardens and cow pastures, there stood at the corner of what is now Summer and Chauncy streets a gambrel-roofed wooden building, shaded by elms and Lombardy poplars, and surrounded by ample grounds. -
Rebranding Russia: Norms, Politics and Power
Rebranding Russia: Norms, Politics and Power CEPS Working Document No. 283/February 2008 Andrey S.Makarychev Abstract This working paper argues that Russia is in the process of re-branding itself internationally, with a variety of normative arguments increasingly creeping into its wider international discourse. By appealing to norms, Russia tries to reformulate the key messages it sends to the world and implant the concept of its power worldwide. Yet given that Russia’s normative messages are often met with scarce enthusiasm in Europe, it is of utmost importance to uncover how the normative segment in Russian foreign policy is perceived, evaluated and debated both inside Russia and elsewhere. Within this framework, this paper focuses on a set of case studies highlighting the normative and non-normative dimensions of Russian foreign policy. These include Russia-EU trans- border cooperation, Moscow’s policies towards Estonia, Poland, Ukraine/Georgia and the UK, Russian strategies in the ‘war on terror’ and energy issues. CEPS Working Documents are intended to give an indication of work being conducted within CEPS research programmes and to stimulate reactions from other experts in the field. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed are attributable only to the author in a personal capacity and not to any institution with which he is associated. ISBN-13: 978-92-9079-758-6 Available for free downloading from the CEPS website (http://www.ceps.eu) © Andrey S.Makarychev, 2008 Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 2. Norms, normativity, normalcy: Russia in search of its identity ............................................. 4 2.1 Normative intended: Russia-EU trans-border cooperation, 1990s- ............................. -
By Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy Aleksey Tolstoy
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Упырь by Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy Aleksey Tolstoy. Russian poet and playwright (b. 24 August/5 September 1817 in Saint Petersburg; d. 28 September/10 October 1875 at Krasny Rog, in Chernigov province), born Count Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (Алексей Константинович Толстой). Contents. Biography. Descended from illustrious aristocratic families on both sides, Aleksey was a distant cousin of the novelist Lev Tolstoy. Shortly after his birth, however, his parents separated and he was taken by his mother to Chernigov province in the Ukraine where he grew up under the wing of his uncle, Aleksey Perovsky (1787–1836), who wrote novels and stories under the pseudonym "Anton Pogorelsky". With his mother and uncle Aleksey travelled to Europe in 1827, touring Italy and visiting Goethe in Weimar. Goethe would always remain one of Tolstoy's favourite poets, and in 1867 he made notable translations of Der Gott und die Bajadere and Die Braut von Korinth . In 1834, Aleksey was enrolled at the Moscow Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where his tasks included the cataloguing of historical documents. Three years later he was posted to the Russian Embassy at the Diet of the German Confederation in Frankfurt am Main. In 1840, he returned to Russia and worked for some years at the Imperial Chancery in Saint Petersburg. During the 1840s Tolstoy wrote several lyric poems, but they were not published until many years later, and he contented himself with reading them to his friends and acquaintances from the world of Saint Petersburg high society. At a masked ball in the winter season of 1850/51 he saw for the first time Sofya Andreyevna Miller (1825–1895), with whom he fell in love, dedicating to her the fine poem Amid the Din of the Ball (Средь шумного бала), which Tchaikovsky would later immortalize in one of his most moving songs (No. -
Refractions of Rome in the Russian Political Imagination by Olga Greco
From Triumphal Gates to Triumphant Rotting: Refractions of Rome in the Russian Political Imagination by Olga Greco A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Comparative Literature) in the University of Michigan 2015 Doctoral Committee: Professor Valerie A. Kivelson, Chair Assistant Professor Paolo Asso Associate Professor Basil J. Dufallo Assistant Professor Benjamin B. Paloff With much gratitude to Valerie Kivelson, for her unflagging support, to Yana, for her coffee and tangerines, and to the Prawns, for keeping me sane. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Dedication ............................................................................................................................... ii Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter I. Writing Empire: Lomonosov’s Rivalry with Imperial Rome ................................... 31 II. Qualifying Empire: Morals and Ethics of Derzhavin’s Romans ............................... 76 III. Freedom, Tyrannicide, and Roman Heroes in the Works of Pushkin and Ryleev .. 122 IV. Ivan Goncharov’s Oblomov and the Rejection of the Political [Rome] .................. 175 V. Blok, Catiline, and the Decomposition of Empire .................................................. 222 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 271 Bibliography ....................................................................................................................... -
Folklore and the Construction of National Identity in Nineteenth Century Russian Literature
Folklore and the Construction of National Identity in Nineteenth Century Russian Literature Jessika Aguilar Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2016 © 2016 Jessika Aguilar All rights reserved Table of Contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..…..1 2. Alexander Pushkin: Folklore without the Folk……………………………….20 3. Nikolai Gogol: Folklore and the Fragmentation of Authorship……….54 4. Vladimir Dahl: The Folk Speak………………………………………………..........84 5. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………........116 6. Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………122 i Introduction In his “Literary Reveries” of 1834 Vissarion Belinsky proclaimed, “we have no literature” (Belinskii PSS I:22). Belinsky was in good company with his assessment. Such sentiments are rife in the critical essays and articles of the first third of the nineteenth century. A decade earlier, Aleksandr Bestuzhev had declared that, “we have a criticism but no literature” (Leighton, Romantic Criticism 67). Several years before that, Pyotr Vyazemsky voiced a similar opinion in his article on Pushkin’s Captive of the Caucasus : “A Russian language exists, but a literature, the worthy expression of a mighty and virile people, does not yet exist!” (Leighton, Romantic Criticism 48). These histrionic claims are evidence of Russian intellectuals’ growing apprehension that there was nothing Russian about the literature produced in Russia. There was a prevailing belief that -
THE REVOLUTIONARY TRADITION ENGL 315 Fall 2011 Instructor: Michaela Bronstein, [email protected] Monday/Wednesday 2.00-3.20
THE REVOLUTIONARY TRADITION ENGL 315 Fall 2011 Instructor: Michaela Bronstein, [email protected] Monday/Wednesday 2.00-3.20, BARR 102 Drop-in office hours: Monday 12-2, Johnson Chapel #5 (Please e-mail to schedule meetings at any other time.) I wish to speak out about several matters even though my artistry goes smash. What attracts me is what has piled up in my mind and heart; let it give only a pamphlet, but I shall speak out. —Fyodor Dostoevsky, letter regarding his novel Demons Revolutionist and reactionary, victim and executioner, betrayer and betrayed, they shall all be pitied together when the light breaks on our black sky at last. Pitied and forgotten … —Natalia Haldin, Under Western Eyes, Joseph Conrad Contrary to the hope Conrad’s character expresses, we have not forgotten either the historical revolutionaries or the works they inspired. While Dostoevsky feared that his novel was too politically pointed to be a lasting work of art, Demons today is more well-known than the incident on which the novel was based. In this course we will analyze the afterlives of nineteenth-century novels about revolutionaries—not just their continuing interest, but their constant reappearance in later works. Dostoevsky’s worries about his novel turning into a “pamphlet” raise a broad issue for the novel form: why would an author who wishes to address pressing social issues write a novel rather than an essay? How do authors reconcile the long aims of literature with the urgent claims of the political present? Revolutionaries often appeal to their authors precisely because they seem to represent much more than the social problem they seek to reform—whether they represent the influence of ideology upon character or the difficulty of human attempts to plot better lives for themselves and others, revolutionaries usually carry the weight of much more abstract ideas than their immediate social purposes. -
Russian Literature from Pushkin to Dostoevsky
SLAV-R 263 / SLAV-R 563 Professor Jacob Emery Mon/Wed 2:30P-3:45 [email protected] Kirkwood Hall 212 BH 515: MW 4-5 or by appointment Russian Literature from Pushkin to Dostoevsky The course is summarized and its aims are set forth: This course is a literature seminar. It will teach us to become more appreciative, perceptive, and understanding readers, and to communicate our experience of literary texts in a compelling way. In the process, we will touch upon questions of Russian history and culture, literary and intellectual tradition, philosophy and ethics and religion. How do we account for the extraordinary, unprecedented outburst of creativity in 19th century Russia? Why do we read these books more than a hundred years after they were written, and what skills do we need to have as readers if we are to understand and enjoy artworks that were created in a different language and in a different time? How do these works engage philosophy and social thought, and how do these aspects relate to their literary form? Why do we read fiction—which is a polite word for things that are not true, or at least not true in the usual sense—and what can fiction do that other kinds of writing cannot? These questions are just for starters. There will be many more questions, and you will pose most of them yourselves. For some of these questions you will develop good working answers. In other cases you will only open the door onto knotty knotty knots of complex issues. But by the end of the semester you will have read and understood the major prose works of what is called the “Golden Age of Russian Literature,” and you will have a firm foundation in the historical context and literary concepts necessary to understand works like them. -
ABSTRACT Dostoevsky's View of the Russian Soul and Its Impact on the Russian Question in the Brothers Karamazov Paul C. Schlau
ABSTRACT Dostoevsky’s View of the Russian Soul and its Impact on the Russian Question in The Brothers Karamazov Paul C. Schlaudraff Director: Adrienne M. Harris, Ph.D Fyodor Dostoevsky, one of Russia’s most renowned novelists, profoundly affected the way that Russia would think of itself in the years following his death. One of the most important issues for Dostoevsky and other authors at the time was the reconciliation of the peasant and noble classes in the aftermath of the serf emancipation in Russia. Dostoevsky believed that the solution to this issue would come from the Russian peasantry. My research investigates Dostoevsky’s view of the “Russian soul”, which is the particular set of innate characteristics which distinguishes Russians from other nationalities. Furthermore, it examines how Dostoevsky’s view of the Russian soul affected his answer to the question of Russia’s ultimate destiny. During the 19th century, socialism was an especially popular answer to that question. Dostoevsky, however, presented an entirely different solution. Through a thorough examination of Dostoevsky’s final novel, The Brothers Karamazov, my thesis demonstrates this alternative solution and its significance in light of competing Russian theory during the 19th century. APPROVED BY DIRECTOR OF HONORS THESIS ______________________________________________________ Dr. Adrienne M. Harris, Department of Modern Languages APPROVED BY THE HONORS PROGRAM: ______________________________________________ Dr. Andrew Wisely, Director DATE: ________________________ DOSTOEVSKY’S VIEW OF THE RUSSIAN SOUL AND ITS IMPACT ON THE RUSSIAN QUESTION IN THE BROTHERS KARAMAZOV A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Baylor University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Honors Program By Paul C. -
“Global Terrorism Index: 2015.” Institute for Economics and Peace
MEASURING AND UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF TERRORISM Quantifying Peace and its Benefits The Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) is an independent, non-partisan, non-profit think tank dedicated to shifting the world’s focus to peace as a positive, achievable, and tangible measure of human well-being and progress. IEP achieves its goals by developing new conceptual frameworks to define peacefulness; providing metrics for measuring peace; and uncovering the relationships between business, peace and prosperity as well as promoting a better understanding of the cultural, economic and political factors that create peace. IEP has offices in Sydney, New York and Mexico City. It works with a wide range of partners internationally and collaborates with intergovernmental organizations on measuring and communicating the economic value of peace. For more information visit www.economicsandpeace.org SPECIAL THANKS to the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) headquartered at the University of Maryland for their cooperation on this study and for providing the Institute for Economics and Peace with their Global Terrorism Database (GTD) datasets on terrorism. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 ABOUT THE GLOBAL TERRORISM INDEX 6 1 RESULTS 9 Global Terrorism Index map 10 Terrorist incidents map 12 Ten countries most impacted by terrorism 20 Terrorism compared to other forms of violence 30 2 TRENDS 33 Changes in the patterns and characteristics of terrorist activity 34 Terrorist group trends 38 Foreign fighters in Iraq -
Fathers and Sons Jessica Lee College of Dupage
ESSAI Volume 14 Article 24 Spring 2016 Fathers and Sons Jessica Lee College of DuPage Follow this and additional works at: http://dc.cod.edu/essai Recommended Citation Lee, Jessica (2016) "Fathers and Sons," ESSAI: Vol. 14 , Article 24. Available at: http://dc.cod.edu/essai/vol14/iss1/24 This Selection is brought to you for free and open access by the College Publications at DigitalCommons@COD. It has been accepted for inclusion in ESSAI by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@COD. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lee: Fathers and Sons Fathers and Sons by Jessica Lee (History 2225) he novel Fathers and Sons by Ivan Turgenev showed the differing ideals between the old generation and the young generation and the paths they each felt Russia should be taking. TTurgenev showed through his characters that one does not nor should, as was also the case with Russia as a country, negate the past, thinking that would build a better future. He then showed another option; a happy marriage of the two ideals, where melding of the old Russia and the ideas of a new Russia produced a better and beneficial result. In fact, those characters in the book who represented opposite and far ends of the spectrum did not end with happy lives. In 1861 Alexander II moved forward with the first of many reforms by emancipating the serfs. This huge reform affected eighty-five percent of the population or about fifty-two million people.1 There were groups within Russia that were not happy about these changes, “they insisted on long-established values and fought bitterly to preserve privilege and autocratic rule.”2 The nobles and the Russian Orthodox Church made up the largest group that did not support the emancipation of the serfs.