DOCSLIB.ORG

Autumn 2019 Full Issue

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Autumn 2019 Full Issue Naval War College Review Volume 72 Number 4 Autumn 2019 Article 1 2019 Autumn 2019 Full Issue The U.S. Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The U.S. (2019) "Autumn 2019 Full Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 72 : No. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol72/iss4/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Naval War College: Autumn 2019 Full Issue Autumn 2019 Volume 72, Number 4 Autumn 2019 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2019 1 Autumn2019Review_Final.indd 1 8/28/19 4:31 PM Naval War College Review, Vol. 72 [2019], No. 4, Art. 1 Cover A German U-boat searches the North Atlantic for Allied convoys during World War II. In “The Royal Navy and Organizational Learning: The Western Approaches Tactical Unit and the Battle of the Atlantic,” Geoffrey Sloan examines the question of improving tactical effec- tiveness through organizational learning, as applied to the example of the Western Approaches Tactical Unit of the Royal Navy during the Battle of the Atlantic. Credit: ratpack223 / iStock / Getty Images https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol72/iss4/1 2 Autumn2019Review_Final.indd 2 8/28/19 4:31 PM Naval War College: Autumn 2019 Full Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Autumn 2019 Volume 72, Number 4 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2019 3 7346_FrontMatter copy.indd 1 8/29/19 1:54 PM Naval War College Review, Vol. 72 [2019], No. 4, Art. 1 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. Shoshana S. Chatfield, USN Seth Cropsey PROVOST Jeffrey Kline Dr. Lewis M. Duncan Gale A. Mattox Capt. Robert C. Rubel, USN (Ret.) DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Robert A. Silano Thomas J. Culora Marin Strmecki NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS Dov S. Zakheim Carnes Lord, Editor Robert Ayer, Managing Editor NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW EDITORIAL BOARD Kate Acosta, Associate Editor for Books Donald Chisholm Kaila Aguiar, Associate Editor for Review Stephen Downes-Martin Jillian Sutphin, Associate Editor for Content Andrew S. Erickson Timothy J. Demy and Brad Carter, Book Review Col. Theodore L. Gatchel, USMC (Ret.) Editors Cdr. Sean Henseler, USN (Ret.) Lori A. Almeida, Administrative Assistant and Cdr. James Kraska, USN (Ret.) Circulation Manager Capt. Thomas Mangold, USN (Ret.) Frank Uhlig Jr., Editor Emeritus John Maurer Col. Mackubin Owens, USMC (Ret.) Naval War College Review Capt. Derek S. Reveron, USNR Code 32, Naval War College Capt. Peter M. Swartz, USN (Ret.) 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207 Capt. Sam Tangredi, USN (Ret.) Fax: 401.841.1071 Scott C. Truver DSN exchange, all lines: 841 James J. Wirtz Website: www.usnwc.edu/Publications/ Naval-War-College-Press http://twitter.com/NavalWarCollege Editor, Circulation, or Business 401.841.2236 [email protected] Managing Editor 401.841.4552 [email protected] Book Reviews [email protected] Other Naval War College Offices 401.841.3089 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol72/iss4/1 4 NWC_Autumn2019Review.indb 2 8/23/19 9:18 AM Naval War College: Autumn 2019 Full Issue The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 as a forum for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime services. The thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the Naval War College. The journal is published quarterly. Distribution is limited generally to commands and activities of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard; regular and reserve officers of U.S. services; foreign officers and civilians having a present or previous affiliation with the Naval War College; selected U.S. government officials and agencies; and selected U.S. and international libraries, research centers, publica- tions, and educational institutions. Contributors Please request the standard contributors’ guidance from the managing editor or access it online before submitting manuscripts. The Naval War College Review nei- ther offers nor makes compensation for articles or book reviews, and it assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts, although every effort is made to return those not accepted. In submitting work, the sender warrants that it is original, that it is the sender’s property, and that neither it nor a similar work by the sender has been accepted or is under consideration elsewhere. Permissions Reproduction and reprinting are subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and appli- cable treaties of the United States. To obtain permission to reproduce material bearing a copyright notice, or to reproduce any material for commercial pur- poses, contact the editor for each use. Material not bearing a copyright notice may be freely reproduced for academic or other noncommercial use; however, it is requested that the author and Naval War College Review be credited and that the editor be informed. Periodicals postage paid at Newport, RI. POSTMASTERS, send address changes to: Naval War College Review, Code 32S, Naval War College, 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207. ISSN 0028-1484 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2019 5 NWC_Autumn2019Review.indb 3 8/23/19 9:18 AM Naval War College Review, Vol. 72 [2019], No. 4, Art. 1 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol72/iss4/1 6 7346_FrontMatter copy.indd 4 8/29/19 1:41 PM Naval War College: Autumn 2019 Full Issue CONTENTS From the Editors � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 3 The Hattendorf Prize Lecture, 2018 History, Truth Decay, and the Naval Profession � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5 Geoffrey Till President’s Forum � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 23 Maritime Security The Architecture of Japan’s Maritime-Security System in the East China Sea The Dual-Layer Security System and the Role of the Japan Coast Guard � � � � � � � � � � � � � 27 Kentaro Furuya The security of Japan’s maritime borders is a top priority for the country’s government� The roles of the Japan Coast Guard and the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force are paramount in these secu- rity operations as Japan navigates an international landscape in the East China Sea complicated by an emboldened China� Northwest Pacific Exploring North Korea’s Asymmetric Military Strategy � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 53 Mirko Tasic North Korea’s military strategy can be difficult to decipher, but it should not be regarded as irratio- nal or insignificant� Over the past decade, the North Korean regime has taken deliberate steps to increase its asymmetric military capabilities, giving credence to the argument that North Korea is engaging in offensive posturing, not simply defensive buildup� The Future Navy Near-Term Applications of Artificial Intelligence Implementation Opportunities from Modern Business Practices � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 73 Christian H. Heller Many examples of task automation using artificial intelligence exist in private industry� The U�S� military has a great opportunity to exploit these developments and adapt them for use throughout the force, particularly in areas such as logistics and administration, freeing up man-hours and resources for other, more-complex activities� Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2019 7 NWC_Autumn2019Review.indb 1 8/23/19 9:18 AM 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGENaval REVIEW War College Review, Vol. 72 [2019], No. 4, Art. 1 Naval History Exploring the Options The Development of USN Tactical Doctrine, 1913–23 . 101 Trent Hone The interwar period was a time of innovation and creation of doctrine in the U.S. Navy. The tactics and underlying assumptions developed during this time and recorded in various instructions and manuals set the foundation for the Navy’s success in World War II and beyond. War games, fleet exercises, and empowerment of midlevel officers to make decisions changed the fundamental culture of the Navy for the better. The Royal Navy and Organizational Learning The Western Approaches Tactical Unit and the Battle of the Atlantic . 125 Geoffrey Sloan The Western Approaches Tactical Unit is a unique example of a learning organization. It was created within the bureaucratic constraints of the Admiralty yet was highly effective in changing command culture in the Royal Navy—which proved to be the deciding factor in the early days of World War II, particularly during the Battle of the Atlantic. Research & Debate The Medium Is the Message: Weaving Wargaming More Tightly into the Fabric of the Navy . 150 Robert C. Rubel Review Essays Full-Bodied Cyber without the Hype. 160 Cyberspace in Peace and War, by Martin C. Libicki reviewed by Sam J. Tangredi From Victory to Failure: The Army Study of the Iraq War, 2003–2006 . 164 The U.S. Army in the Iraq War, vol. 1, Invasion, Insurgency, Civil War: 2003–2006, ed. Joel D. Rayburn [Col., USA] and Frank K. Sobchak [Col., USA] reviewed by
Load more

Recommended publications
  • United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922
    Cover: During World War I, convoys carried almost two million men to Europe. In this 1920 oil painting “A Fast Convoy” by Burnell Poole, the destroyer USS Allen (DD-66) is shown escorting USS Leviathan (SP-1326). Throughout the course of the war, Leviathan transported more than 98,000 troops. Naval History and Heritage Command 1 United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922 Frank A. Blazich Jr., PhD Naval History and Heritage Command Introduction This document is intended to provide readers with a chronological progression of the activities of the United States Navy and its involvement with World War I as an outside observer, active participant, and victor engaged in the war’s lingering effects in the postwar period. The document is not a comprehensive timeline of every action, policy decision, or ship movement. What is provided is a glimpse into how the 20th century’s first global conflict influenced the Navy and its evolution throughout the conflict and the immediate aftermath. The source base is predominately composed of the published records of the Navy and the primary materials gathered under the supervision of Captain Dudley Knox in the Historical Section in the Office of Naval Records and Library. A thorough chronology remains to be written on the Navy’s actions in regard to World War I. The nationality of all vessels, unless otherwise listed, is the United States. All errors and omissions are solely those of the author. Table of Contents 1914..................................................................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
    University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON THE PORTSMOUTH DOCKYARD WORKFORCE 1880-1914. A Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the degree of M.Phil. by FETER WILLIAM GALLIVER, B.A. (Oxon) M.A. (Lancaster) CXMrnsTTS nfTRDDUCTION Chapter Page Nurttoer 1. THE DOCKYARD WORKING ENVIRONMENT 1 2. THE DOCKYARD SHIPWRIGHTS, THE S.C.A. AND THE A.S.S. 4&2 3. THE PETITIONS OF 1911. WD? 4. THE ENGINEERS AND THE DOCKYARD UNREST OF 1913. 123 5. THE SAILMAKERS. 165 6. THEJUMXXIKERS. 176 7. THE DOCKYARD, LEISURE, SELF-HELP AND EDUCATION. 197 8. CONSERVATIVES, LIBERALS AND LABOUR: Z%5 DOCKYARDMEN AND POLITICS. 9. CONCLUSION - DOCKYARDMEW, THE MAKING OF THE 294 WORKING CLASS AND THE LABOUR ARISTOCRACY. BIBLIOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF ARTS HISTORY Master of Philosophy THE PORTSMOUTH DOCKYARD WORKFORCE, 1880-1914.
    [Show full text]
  • The Referendum on Separation for Scotland
    House of Commons Scottish Affairs Committee The Referendum on Separation for Scotland Written evidence Only those submissions written specifically for the Committee and accepted by the Committee as evidence for the inquiry into the referendum on separation for Scotland are included. List of written evidence Page 1 Professor Bernard Ryan, Law School, University of Kent 1 2 Francis Tusa, Editor, Defence Analysis 8 3 Professor Jo Shaw, University of Edinburgh 14 4 Dr Phillips O’Brien, Scottish Centre for War Studies, University of Glasgow 21 5 Electoral Commission 24 6 Rt Hon Michael Moore MP, Secretary of State for Scotland 28 7 Ministry of Defence 29 8 Brian Buchan, Chief Executive, Scottish Engineering 46 9 Babcock 47 Written evidence from Professor Bernard Ryan, Law School, University of Kent Introduction If Scotland were to become independent, its relationship with the United Kingdom would have to be defined in the fields of nationality law and immigration law and policy. This note offers a summary of the relationship between the Irish state1 and the United Kingdom in those fields, and some thoughts on possible implications for Scottish independence. 1. Nationality Law 1.1 The Irish case A new nationality The nationality law of a new state must necessarily provide for two matters: an initial population of nationals on the date of independence, and the acquisition and loss of nationality on an ongoing basis. In the case of the Irish state, the initial population was defined by Article 3 of the Irish Free State Constitution of 1922. Article 3 conferred Irish Free State citizenship upon a person if they were domiciled in the “area of the jurisdiction of the Irish Free State” on the date the state was founded (6 December 1922), provided (a) they had been resident in that area for the previous seven years, or (b) they or one of their parents had been born in “Ireland”.2 A full framework of nationality law, covering all aspects of acquisition and loss of nationality, was not then adopted until the Irish Nationality and Citizenship Act 1935.
    [Show full text]
  • Naval Dockyards Society
    20TH CENTURY NAVAL DOCKYARDS: DEVONPORT AND PORTSMOUTH CHARACTERISATION REPORT Naval Dockyards Society Devonport Dockyard Portsmouth Dockyard Title page picture acknowledgements Top left: Devonport HM Dockyard 1951 (TNA, WORK 69/19), courtesy The National Archives. Top right: J270/09/64. Photograph of Outmuster at Portsmouth Unicorn Gate (23 Oct 1964). Reproduced by permission of Historic England. Bottom left: Devonport NAAFI (TNA, CM 20/80 September 1979), courtesy The National Archives. Bottom right: Portsmouth Round Tower (1843–48, 1868, 3/262) from the north, with the adjoining rich red brick Offices (1979, 3/261). A. Coats 2013. Reproduced with the permission of the MoD. Commissioned by The Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England of 1 Waterhouse Square, 138-142 Holborn, London, EC1N 2ST, ‘English Heritage’, known after 1 April 2015 as Historic England. Part of the NATIONAL HERITAGE PROTECTION COMMISSIONS PROGRAMME PROJECT NAME: 20th Century Naval Dockyards Devonport and Portsmouth (4A3.203) Project Number 6265 dated 7 December 2012 Fund Name: ARCH Contractor: 9865 Naval Dockyards Society, 44 Lindley Avenue, Southsea, PO4 9NU Jonathan Coad Project adviser Dr Ann Coats Editor, project manager and Portsmouth researcher Dr David Davies Editor and reviewer, project executive and Portsmouth researcher Dr David Evans Devonport researcher David Jenkins Project finance officer Professor Ray Riley Portsmouth researcher Sponsored by the National Museum of the Royal Navy Published by The Naval Dockyards Society 44 Lindley Avenue, Portsmouth, Hampshire, PO4 9NU, England navaldockyards.org First published 2015 Copyright © The Naval Dockyards Society 2015 The Contractor grants to English Heritage a non-exclusive, transferable, sub-licensable, perpetual, irrevocable and royalty-free licence to use, copy, reproduce, adapt, modify, enhance, create derivative works and/or commercially exploit the Materials for any purpose required by Historic England.
    [Show full text]
  • Ship Shape As We Embark Upon a Project to Replace THV Patricia, We Take a Look at the Project Set-Up, Fact-Finding Missions and Progress So Far AUTUMN 2019 | ISSUE 31
    The Trinity House journal // Autumn 2019 // Issue 31 Ship shape As we embark upon a project to replace THV Patricia, we take a look at the project set-up, fact-finding missions and progress so far AUTUMN 2019 | ISSUE 31 9 10 1 Welcome from Deputy Master, Captain Ian McNaught 13 2-4 Six-month review 5 News in brief 6 Coming events 7-8 Appointments/obituaries 9 27 Staff profile 10-12 THV Patricia replacement 13-14 Royal Sovereign decommissioning 15 Lundy North modernisation 16-17 Portland Bill upgrade 18 38 Swansea Buoy Yard lift 19-21 World Marine AtoN Day 22-24 Investments on the way IALA and the inception of an IGO Welcome to another edition of Flash; our staff have been hard at work driving forward 25 a number of projects with a great deal of progress to show for it. Many thanks are due IALA AtoN Manager course to everyone who contributed news and features to the issue, as always. Multi-skilled project teams have been working on two significant projects: one to 26-31 procure a vessel to replace the 1982-built THV Patricia, and another to manage the Charity update safe removal of the now-deteriorating Royal Sovereign Lighthouse. Elsewhere it was great to see the twin successes of Maritime Safety Week and 32-35 World Marine Aids to Navigation Day—both on 1 July—as our maritime partners at Partner profile: UK the Department for Transport and IALA further commit themselves to raising the Hydrographic Office profile of the national and global maritime sector.
    [Show full text]
  • Naval, Or Maritime, Museum on Haulbowline Cork Harbour
    The Potential To Create A Naval, Or Maritime, Museum On Haulbowline Cork Harbour Scoping Study for Irish Naval Service and The Heritage Council of Ireland by Ian Parkin Allan Randall Parkin Heritage and Tourism Focused Learning Hill Cottage Dittisham Glebe House Ashby Road Dartmouth Devon TQ6 0HR Ticknall Derbyshire DE73 1JJ Tel: 01803 722 585 Fax: 01803 722586 Tel: 01332 862975 Fax: 01332 862993 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.IanParkin.co.uk Web: www.focusedlearning.co.uk Niall Phillips Dennis Brennan Niall Phillips Architects Limited Brennan Design LLP 35 King Street Bristol BS1 4DZ 131 Kingston Road London SW19 1LT Tel: 0117 927 7396 Tel. 020 8543 1884 Fax: 020 8543 7970 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.brennanwhalley.co.uk February 2007 Contents Executive Summary 1. Introduction And Context 2. Strategic Context 3. Appraisal Of Block 9 4. The Collection And The Potential 5. Tourism Context And Market Potential 6. Is There A Case To Create A Maritime Museum? 7. Educational And Interpretive Potential 8. Maximising The Potential 9. How Does It Relate To Other Maritime Museums Across Ireland? 10. Potential Audiences And How They Can Be Developed 11. Potential Financial Implications 12. Conclusions And Next Steps Appendices A. List Of Consultees B. Bibliography C. Appraisal Of Block 9 D. Major Components Of Ireland’s Maritime Heritage E. The Heritage In Schools Scheme F. Visiting Museums For Learning G. Inventory Of The Existing Naval Service Collection H. Boats In National Museum Of Ireland Folk Life Division Collection (2006) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Cork Harbour Ebook, Epub
    CORK HARBOUR PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Cal McCarthy | 300 pages | 27 Jan 2020 | Merrion Press | 9781785373015 | English | Dublin 4, Ireland Cork Harbour PDF Book It was absolutely brilliant and would highly recommend. Cork Harbour fire was second at facility in past four months Locals and environmental activists express concern after blaze at depot in Ringaskiddy Sun, Jan 10, , Updated: Sun, Jan 10, , For conservation and navigation purposes, the harbour is often separated into "Upper Cork Harbour" following the River Lee from Cork city to the towns of Passage West and Monkstown and "Lower Cork Harbour" separated from the upper harbour by Great Island. Possibly as a result, their understanding of the topic was not as strong as for other areas e. The process culminated in the preparation of an Adaptation Strategy for Cork Harbour, focusing on the desired future for flood management to Pat's Harbour Story. This case describes the steps taken towards achieving more balanced management of a multi-use environment such as Cork Harbour. Although the Royal Navy appreciated the location of Cork Harbour, particularly for submarines, which had a significantly shorter range in the s, maintenance of the fortifications became an issue after Ireland became independent. Filter reviews. As of , Cobh had a population of about 12, They lay eggs. Also take the time to explore the island and enjoy the view of Cobh from a different perspective. Flood management to emerged as the most important issue in the Cork Harbour area. The Integrated Management Strategy does not have a statutory legal basis but rather is based on a voluntary partnership between key statutory agencies and local stakeholders who focus their attention on the Harbour as a whole and deliver a set of agreed actions to enhance the future management of the coastal zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Water and Marine Advisor the Department of Defence Proposes Maintenance Dredging Works at the Naval Base, Haulbowline, Co. Cork
    Water and Marine Advisor The Department of Defence proposes maintenance dredging works at the Naval Base, Haulbowline, Co. Cork. The dredging works will consist of dredging 14,000m3 from the inner basin at the naval base (Area A, Foreshore Approval Map) and 3000m3 from an approach channel (Area B, Foreshore Licence Map 1) to 5.5m below chart datum. The dredged spoil will be dumped at sea (Dump Site, Foreshore Licence Map 2). The works are required to ensure the proper and continued operation of the Naval Base and are in the public interest. The works will be completed by Trailer Suction Hopper Dredging with some subsequent bed leveling. The inner basin at Haulbowline is privately owned foreshore so approval under section 10 of the Foreshore Act is required. The approach channel and dump site are on state owned foreshore so a licence under Section 3 of the Foreshore Act is required. Dumping at Sea Permit Reg No S0005-02 has been granted by the EPA for the Loading and Dumping. Recommendation I recommend approval of this application subject to, The following maps shall be attached to and referenced in the consent document, o Foreshore Approval Map, Drg.No.: DRAWING 01 Revision: D02, Date:12/09/2016 o Foreshore Licence Map 1, Drg.No.: DRAWING 02 Revision: D02, Date:12/09/2016 o Foreshore Licence Map 2, Drg.No.: DRAWING 03 Revision: D02, Date:12/09/2016 The dredging works shall be conducted in accordance with documents submitted and specifically drawings, o Foreshore Licence Application Scope of Works, Drg.No.: DRAWING 04 Revision: Draft, Date:08/10/2015 A valid Dumping At Sea Permit for the dredging works shall be in place for the duration of the works and a copy of the permit shall be submitted to this department prior to the works proceeding.
    [Show full text]
  • An Bord Pleanála Inspector's Report
    An Bord Pleanála Inspector’s Report Reference: PL04.MT0001 Title: State Foreshore Development: East Tip Remediation Project Location: Haulbowline Island, Co. Cork Applicant: Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine PA: Cork County Council Date of Site Visit: 18 th March 2014 Inspector: Philip Davis PL04.MT0001 An Bord Pleanála Page 1 of 28 1. Introduction This planning approval is submitted for the approval of the Board under the provisions of 181(3) of the Planning & Development Acts 2000- 2010 for the remediation of East Tip on Haulbowline Island. The request was made by RPS consultants on behalf of Cork County Council. This proposal is also subject to a waste license application to the EPA under Section 40 the Waste Management Acts 1996-2013. Foreshore consents may also be required. An oral hearing into this proposal was heard on the 19 th March 2014 at the Clarion Hotel, Cork. 2. Site Description Photographs of the site and environs are attached in the appendix to this report. Cork Harbour Haulbowline Island is a prominent feature within the Inner Harbour of Cork. The Inner Harbour is roughly the area enclosed by the headland of Ringaskiddy to the south and Cobh to the north. The area is accessed by sea from the Outer Harbour, which is separated from the Inner harbour by Spike Island with a channel on either side – the eastern channel being the main navigable entrance. Passage to Lough Mahon and Cork Harbour is through the Inner Harbour via West Passage, a channel some 300 metres wide. The area has a long maritime history with long established historic moorings at Cobh and Haulbowline Island and modern deepwater harbours at Ringaskiddy and Whitegate.
    [Show full text]
  • Toxic Island
    TOXIC ISLAND INDUSTRIAL CONTAMINATION AT THE FORMER SITE OF THE IRISH STEEL PLANT AT HAULBOWLINE ISLAND, COUNTY CORK A Report by Friends of the Irish Environment January 2009 This Report contains sensitive information and photographs. It has been prepared solely to enable Friends of the Irish Environment and the wider public to consider collectively how best to ensure the long term protection of the environment at the industrial site at Haulbowline Island in Cork Harbour. Annotated lists of the referenced documents form a companion ‘Briefing Document’ in the FIE online library: http://www.friendsoftheirishenvironment.net/cmsfiles/files/library/haulbowline_briefing_document_30.01.09.pdf Above: Home of the first sailing club in the world in 1720, Haulbowline Island is a unique Irish example of a predominantly 19th century purpose built naval dockyard complex. It was established during 1806 – 1822; the Irish Government acquired ownership in 1923 but only took control in 1938. The East Tip made ground is at the right. Cover: Waste from many years of steel plant operations was bagged and buried in ‘cells’ on the large East Tip and in two smaller historic tips. Legislative changes in the UK during the plant’s operation led to UK landfills no longer accepting the most toxic dust cake from the dust extraction system, which was then also mixed with waste refractory materials and disposed on in the East Tip. Below: The island has an intrinsic relationship with Cobh, Spike Island, Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle. While currently unzoned, it is an Architectural Conservation Area and contains Protected Structures. It houses the Navy’s 1100 personnel and part of University College Cork’s Marine Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • British Military Recruitment in Ireland During the Crimean War, 1854-56
    British Journal for Military History, Volume 2, Issue 1, November 2015 British Military Recruitment in Ireland during the Crimean War, 1854-56 PAUL HUDDIE University of West London Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Ireland has a diverse military historiography, principally within the confines of the British Army. Much has been written to date in relation to Ireland’s relationship with that service, particularly in recent years and with a focus upon the Great War. Yet significant gaps still remain in relation to the nineteenth century. By analysing the relationship between Irish society and the British Armed Forces, through the lens of recruitment, this article illustrates how and why the Crimean War years represent the positive pinnacle of Ireland’s relationship with the empire and the British Army and Royal Navy. As Tom Bartlett and Keith Jeffery highlighted in A Military History of Ireland, the island of Ireland has a diverse military historiography, yet even today substantial gaps exist which serve to limit the wider understanding of Irish society’s and Irish individuals’ interactions with the Armed Forces of the United Kingdom and British Empire.1 Even though substantial focus has to date been given to the Irish interactions with the British Army, especially in the early twentieth century and principally during the Great War, comparatively little has been done in relation to the nineteenth century.2 No effort has been made to investigate the Napoleonic Wars in the same way that Bartlett and Jeffery have done for the Irish soldier in general and there is only minimal concern to place the Crimean War within its wider ‘social and political contexts’.3 Even the Boer War remains neglected with Donal McCracken’s important works being focused on nationalism.4 In Britain, and in relation to the Crimean War, Myna Trustrum, Helen Rappaport, Olive Anderson, H.J.
    [Show full text]
  • Harbour Trail
    Cork Harbour Cork German Submarine U-58 - her crew GermanSubmarineU-58-hercrew surrendering in November 1917. surrenderinginNovember 1919 1918 1917 1916 1915 1914 restrictionsonaccessingsites. ofany note takes and oflandowners thistrailrespectstheprivacy person following CountyCouncilasksthatany thepublic.Cork accessibleto not orareotherwise ownership ofthesearecurrentlyinprivate many later, years 1).100 War duringWW1(World played they the role areincludedbecauseof inthisbrochure The locationslisted Important Notice 1 Blue circles for locations denotes locationsdenotes for Blue circles 10 restricted sites -1, sites 20,22,23and24. 3,4,5,7,14, restricted 10 Armistice Day - now Veterans Day Veterans -now ArmisticeDay Facts on WW1 (1914 - 1918) -1918) onWW1(1914 Facts April 06 Britain and Germany. (lasted 36hours) (lasted Britain andGermany. atseabetween fought The onlymajorbattleofthewar -BattleofJutland 31 May killedorwounded. menwere 1,000,000 Anestimated One ofthebloodiestbattleswar. 18 Nov -TheBattleoftheSomme to July 01 andGermanlives. with thecostof800,000French lasting300days One ofthelongestbattlesWar, Dec18 -BattleofVerdun to 21 Feb to develop militarily. militarily. develop to lossesandstrictlimitsonitsrights punished withterritorial June 28 07 May April 22 July 28 June 28 and fourteen days. days. and fourteen 11 Nov 08 Aug Locationsontheroute Sinking of the RMS Lusitania. SinkingoftheRMSLusitania. WW1 began on 28th July, 1914. WW1beganon28thJuly, First use of poison gas by Germany. First useofpoisongasby Treaty of Versailles signed.
    [Show full text]