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地質調査研究報告/Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan
BulletinPaired of the Sulfur Geological Isotopic Survey Belts: of Japan, Late Cretaceous-Paleogene vol.53 (5/6), p.461 - 477, Ore 2002 Deposits of Southwest Japan (Ishihara and Sasaki) Paired Sulfur Isotopic Belts: Late Cretaceous-Paleogene Ore Deposits of Southwest Japan Shunso Ishihara1 and Akira Sasaki1 Shunso Ishihara and Akira Sasaki(2002) Paired Sulfur Isotopic Belts: Late Cretaceous-Paleogene Ore Deposits of Southwest Japan. Bull. Geol. Surv. Japan, vol. 53 (5/6), p.461-477, 8figs., 3tables. Abstract: Sulfides from late Cretaceous-Paleogene ore deposits of the Inner Zone of Southwest Ja- 34 32 34 pan were analyzed for S/ S ratios (δ SCDT values) on 5 samples from the Ryoke Belt, 18 from the Sanyo-Naegi Belt, 15 from the Uetsu- Kanto District and 47 samples from the Sanin-Shirakawa Belt. Together with the published data, the average δ34S values are calculated for individual deposits of the whole region; 109 localities for the ilmenite-series granitic belt and 56 localities for the magnetite- series granitic belt. The sulfur isotopic ratios vary regionally rather than with sulfide species or types and commodities of the ore deposits. The δ34S values are generally negative in the fore-arc, ilmenite-series belt, and positive in the back-arc, magnetite-series belt. This regional variation is considered to reflect the ilmenite-/magnetite-series pairing of the genetically related granitic or volcanic activities, in which the positive δ34S ore sulfur was derived from a deep igneous source, but the negative δ34S sulfur was originated in biogenic sulfur of the accreted sedimentary complex. Within each terrane, δ34S values and mineral commodities vary locally, which is called domains in this paper. -
Geographies of Identity. David. L. Howell.Pdf
Geographies of Identity in Nineteenth-Century Japan Geographies of Identity in Nineteenth-Century Japan David L. Howell UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley . Los Angeles . London University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2005 by the Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Howell, David L. Geographies of identity in nineteenth-century Japan / David L. Howell. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-520-24085-5 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Japan—Civilization—19th century. 2. Japan— Social conditions—19th century. 3. Ainu—Ethnic identity. I. Title. ds822.25.h68 2005 306'.0952'09034—dc22 2004009387 Manufactured in the United States of America 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 10987654 321 The paper used in this publication is both acid-free and totally chlorine-free (TCF). It meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48–1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). Contents List of Maps vi Acknowledgments vii 1. Introduction 1 2. The Geography of Status 20 3. Status and the Politics of the Quotidian 45 4. Violence and the Abolition of Outcaste Status 79 5. Ainu Identity and the Early Modern State 110 6. The Geography of Civilization 131 7. Civilization and Enlightenment 154 8. Ainu Identity and the Meiji State 172 Epilogue: Modernity and Ethnicity 197 Notes 205 Works Cited 237 Index 255 Maps Japan 2 Territory of the outcaste headman Suzuki Jin’emon 38 Hokkaido 111 vi Acknowledgments In the long course of writing this book I accumulated sizable intellectual debts to numerous institutions and individuals. -
MISAOYAMA Recreation Forest
おもて Misaoyama Hill Recreation Forest Access Map Japan's Forests with Breathtaking Views: Selections from the Tourist Destinations OKAYAMA 402 hyakken River in National Forest Okayama Korakuen ← Okayama 250 Forests have provided both mankind – and indeed all living things To Okayama Castle Ruins Misaoyama Park Satoyama Center MISAOYAMA – with safety, sustenance and security for an eternity. The lush greenery and gentle breeze of the forest is surely enough Higashiyama Station Recreation Forest to rekindle nature’s vigor in any soul. With more than 70% of Japan landmass covered in abundant greenery, the Forestry Agency is working to create “Recreation Forests” 45 to inspire as many as possible to rediscover the wonder of nature. 28 The best forests to visit have been carefully selected and compiled Misaoyama Hill Recreation Forest as “Japan’s Forests with Breathtaking Views.” River Asahi Know before You Visit: General rules for visitors Access Misaoyama Hill Recreation Forest By public 1 Help protect wild animals and plants. When you bring your pets, please mind transport your manners and give consideration to the surrounding environment. Okayama Electric Tramway Okayama Higashiyama Line Higashiyama On foot 2 Damaging trees or stealing any forest product is penalized by law. Even Ekimae Sta. About 20 min Sta. About 15 min collecting plants covering the ground of forest are prohibited within protection forests designated by law. 3 Do not enter the area beyond walking trails, or public squares. Please follow By car the rules for each Recreation Forest such as no camping outside the Chugoku EXPWY / Route 53 / Chugoku- Sanyo EXPWY Route 250 / Pref. -
Gift Exchanges in Edo Castle Cecilia S
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of East Asian Languages and School of Arts and Sciences Civilizations 8-1-2012 Gift Exchanges in Edo Castle Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc Part of the East Asian Languages and Societies Commons, Gender and Sexuality Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Seigle, Cecilia S. Ph.D., "Gift Exchanges in Edo Castle" (2012). Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations. 6. https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/6 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/6 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Gift Exchanges in Edo Castle Abstract The aJ panese love of gift-giving was firmly established during the Edo period, specifically under the fifth shogun Tsunayoshi. This study was done as part of inquiry into the institution of Ooku, and I remark on the significance of gift exchanges as substitute social activities for the women of Ooku. Keywords Gifts, hoS gun, Ooku ladies Disciplines East Asian Languages and Societies | Gender and Sexuality | Social and Cultural Anthropology This working paper is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/6 Gift Exchanges in Edo Castle Ôoku - Seigle 1 This is an old essay that has never been published. It was Chapter VIII of my Ooku ms, but I have decided to take it out of it and post it as a separate essay. It is very unfinished and I shall appeciate someone’s help. Gift-Giving and Gift Exchanges in the Ôoku Cecilia Segawa Seigle University of Pennsylvania emeritus Gift giving as Ritual Gift giving was a deep-rooted cultural component in Japan and an indispensable element in Edo period social relationships, but nowhere was it as vital and visible as in Edo castle and the Ôoku. -
The Intangible Warrior Culture of Japan: Bodily Practices, Mental Attitudes, and Values of the Two-Sworded Men from the Fifteenth to the Twenty-First Centuries
The Intangible Warrior Culture of Japan: Bodily Practices, Mental Attitudes, and Values of the Two-sworded Men from the Fifteenth to the Twenty-first Centuries. Anatoliy Anshin Ph.D. Dissertation UNSW@ADFA 2009 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not have seen the light without the help of more people than I can name individually. I am particularly grateful to Professor Stewart Lone, UNSW@ADFA, and Professor Sandra Wilson, Murdoch University, for their guidance and support while supervising my Ph.D. project. All of their comments and remarks helped enormously in making this a better thesis. A number of people in Japan contributed significantly to producing this work. I am indebted to Ōtake Risuke, master teacher of Tenshinshō-den Katori Shintō-ryū, and Kondō Katsuyuki, director of the Main Line Daitō-ryū Aikijūjutsu, for granting interviews and sharing a wealth of valuable material during my research. I thank Professor Shima Yoshitaka, Waseda University, for his generous help and advice. I would like to express my infinite thankfulness to my wife, Yoo Sun Young, for her devotion and patience during the years it took to complete this work. As for the contribution of my mother, Margarita Anshina, no words shall convey the depth of my gratitude to her. 1 CONTENTS Acknowledgements…………..…………………………………………………….……1 Contents…………………………..……………………………………………………...2 List of Illustrations……………………………………………………………………….5 Conventions……………………………………………………………………………...6 List of Author’s Publications…………………………………………………………….8 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………….9 -
Article Full Text PDF (1104KB)
Summer 1997 Early Modem Japan 1 The essaysin this issue are based on paperspresented at the Association for Asian Studies Annual Meeting, Honolulu 1996. The Ideal Ruler and the Domain-boundedState Fukay~ Katsumi Waseda University Translated by Anne Walthall Introduction An enlightened or ideal ruler (meikun) is one who excels in sagacity and has an excellent reputation as a ruler. In early modem Japan, most of the rulers considered to be enlightened were less the emperor who was placed at the apex of authority or the shogun who held national power and authority but rather the daimyo who controlled local areas. In terms of having been called an enlightened ruler, there was no difference between the eighth shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune who governed the entire country and the daimyo who ruled regional domains, men like Hoshina Masayuki, Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Maeda Tsunanori and Ikeda Mitsumasa in the early part of the period. and Hosokawa Shigekata, Tokugawa Harusada, Satake Yoshikazu, Matsudaira Sadanobu and Uesugi Harunori in the middle of the period. Even though they were not known nationwide for being enlightened rulers like those listed above, there were still quite a few daimyo who were called enlightened rulers or wise rulers within the history of the narrow confines of their own domains. There are many different perspectives from which to talk about these enlightened rulers among the daimyo, but in this report I plan to take up Ikeda Mitsumasa, lord of Okayama domain, who was one of the early ones, clarify the way in which an enlightened ruler was constructed and the elements that went into constituting its image, and then putting these together extract the consciousnessof the state that the image of the enlightened ruler represented. -
Redefining the Gods
Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 2002 29/3-4 Redefining the Gods Politics and Survival in the Creation of Modern Kami Sarah Thal Interpretations of the gods change with each succeeding political transfor mation as ritualists redefine the objects o f their worship in order to survive. In early seventeenth-century Japan, priests at sites of sacred power enshrined their deities as combinatory gods supportive of the Tokugawa regime. In the face o f the threats and opportunities of late 1867 to 1874, ritualists asserted and supported the exclusive legitimacy of the emperor by redefining the combinatory gods as imperial kami and stripping them of other associations. After the M eiji regime became securely established, how ever, many added back earlier associations to the gods to appeal to wor shippers and ensure the continued survival o f their institutions. Thus, priests of the Shinto shrines o f M eiji— officiating at the hitherto combina tory worship sites of the Tokugawa era— reintroduced selected elements of that combinatory tradition under the auspices of the purportedly “pure,” exclusive Shinto o f the imperial regime. Keywords: kami — Shinto — Meiji— kito — gongen — Shugendo — legitimacy Gods CHANGE. In colonial Peru, native Americans merged motherly eoddesses with the catholic Mary; later in India,Ramakrishna and his followers devoted themselves to a universalized Kali; more recently still, Jewish mystics have interpreted the masculine “Adonai” as a femi nine “Shechmah.” No matter how justified as reclamations of a truer past, such transformations are inexplicable outside the complex polit ical and economic pressures of their times. For, as countless scholars have noted, it is through redefinine their gods that people redefine themselves, their values, and their communities1—and, in the process, * 丄 would like to thank Andrew Bernstein, Mark Teeuwen, and Bernhard Scheid for their helpful comments on this essay. -
Governing the Realm and Bringing Peace to All Below Heaven
Cambridgebelow Heaven University Press 978-1-108-42501-8Kumazawa Banzan ,— Edited Kumazawa and translated Banzan: Governingby John A. theTucker Realm and Bringing Peace to All Frontmatter More Information CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT KUMAZAWA BANZAN Governing the Realm and Bringing Peace to All below Heaven KUMAZAWA BANZAN ’ S (-) Responding to the Great Learning (Daigaku wakumon) stands as the rst major writing on political economy in early modern Japanese history. John A. Tucker’s translation is the rst Eng- lish rendition of this controversial text to be published in eighty years. The introduction offers an accessible and incisive commentary, including detailed analyses of Banzan’s text within the context of his life, as well as broader historical and intellectual developments in East Asian Confucian thought. Emphasizing parallels between Banzan’s life events, such as his relief efforts in Okayama domain following devastating ooding, and his later writings advocating compassionate government, environmental initiatives, and pro- jects for growing wealth, Tucker sheds light on Banzan’s main objective of “governing the realm and bringing peace and prosperity to all below heaven.” In Responding to the Great Learning, Banzan was doing more than writing a philosophical commentary, he was advising the Tokugawa shogunate to undertake a major reorganization of the polity - or face the consequences. JOHN A . TUCKER is a professor of history at East Carolina University in Greenville, North Carolina. He specializes in early modern Japanese Con- fucianism and its varied roles in the intellectual history of Japan. He is the author of The Forty-Seven Ro¯nin: The Vendetta in History (), as well as translation studies of Ito¯ Jinsai’s Gomo¯ jigi () and Ogyu¯ Sorai’s Bendo¯ and Benmei (). -
Article Full Text
EARLY MODERN JAPAN FALL 2001 From the Editor Introduction to “Rethinking 編纂者のメッセージ School Relations in Tokugawa Japan” Mark McNally, Department of Appreciations: Perhaps it goes without History, University of Hawai’i, Manoa saying that produc-tion of a publication of this sort requires the co-operation of a number of The study of culture has grown in popular- people. In producing this number, I have been ity in both the U.S. and Europe during the last particularly fortunate in having very responsive, twenty years. New approaches to the study of competent assistance from both Lawrence Mar- culture have challenged previous scholarship that ceau and Azumi Ann Takata whose assistance has emphasized either the brilliance of individual made timely publication possible despite the fact cultural producers or of their cultural products. that the editorial work and formatting have all One of these new approaches attempts to link been done in Japan. Their help and willingness producer and product together and to situate them to work with me in taking advantage of the flexi- in a broader social context. The creator of this bility offered by desktop publishing software and methodology is the French sociologist Pierre the internet have made my job much easier. Bourdieu. I would like to take the time also to express The three papers introduced here were my very warm appreciation to David Pollack of inspired by Bourdieu’s approach. Steven Carter’s the University of Rochester who, over the past essay looks at the state of waka during the two issues has stepped in to serve temporarily as eighteenth century. -
Essays on Development Economics and Japanese Economic History
The London School of Economics and Political Science Essays on Development Economics and Japanese Economic History Junichi Yamasaki A thesis submitted to the Department of Economics of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, July 2017 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case, the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and the other person is clearly identified). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quoting from the thesis is permitted, provided full acknowledgment is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of about 37161 words. Statement of inclusion of previous work I confirm that none of my previous work is included in this thesis. Statement of use of third party for editorial help My thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling, and grammar by ED- ITAGE. 1 Acknowledgment I am sincerely grateful to my advisors, Prof. Robin Burgess and Dr. Greg Fischer, for their continuous support of my PhD study. They guided my development to start my ca- reer as a researcher; without their guidance and continuous feedback, this PhD would not have been achievable. I am also grateful to the following researchers for their comments on my papers: David Atkin, Oriana Bandiera, Gharad Bryan, Maitreesh Ghatak, Vernon Henderson, Janet Hunter, Yukinobu Kitamura, Masayuki Kudamatsu, Takashi Kurosaki, Gerard Padro´ i Miquel, Tetsuya Okazaki, Gianmarco Ottaviano, Hitoshi Shigeoka, Ya- suko Takatsuki, Kensuke Teshima, Shintaro Yamaguchi, and Kazuki Yokoyama. -
Comparative Perspectives from Japan, China, and Europe
3 Samurai and Peasants in the Civil Administration of Early Modern Japan Kenichiro Aratake What role did samurai play in the functioning of civil administration in early modern Japan, and how did they interact with peasants in the areas they were charged with supervising? Did the administrative organizations under the feudal lords (the shogunate and domains) employ a large number of samurai, and what did they contribute to the governing of rural areas? The answers to these questions are important for thinking holistically about the provision of public goods by the feudal lords, as well as for gaining a more concrete understanding of the allocation of human resources. In early modern Japan, the shogunate and domains collected land levy called nengu (annual tributes)1 from commoners, out of which the samurai’s salaries were paid. This system of public finance gave rise to two obligations in the relationship between feudal lords, retainers (samurai), and commoners (Ravina 1999). The first obligation is that, in order to pay retainers’ salaries, feudal lords levied tributes on commoners; the second is ethical in nature: feudal lords were to act with mercy toward commoners. This is the starting point for understanding the civil administration and society of early modern Japan and the relationship between feudal lords and subjects. The topic we expand is the ways samurai and peasants were involved in tribute collection and in the governance of the domain. Collection of the annual tribute was based on a cooperative effort between samurai and the peasants who were delegated to represent their village communities. Let us begin with an examination of who was appointed to the civil administra- tion and what roles they played. -
Rōnin in the Tokugawa Period
Finding a Place: Rōnin in the Tokugawa Period The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation van Swet, Floris. 2019. Finding a Place: Rōnin in the Tokugawa Period. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42029594 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Finding a Place: R!nin Identity in the Tokugawa Period A dissertation presented by Floris van Swet to The Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History and East Asian Languages Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2019 ! ! © 2019 Floris van Swet All rights reserved. ! ! ! Dissertation Advisor: David Howell Floris van Swet Finding a Place: R!nin Identity in the Tokugawa Period Abstract Finding a Place: R!nin Identity in the Tokugawa Period focusses on the interaction between institutional and everyday understandings of status, and the subjective, mutable nature of social labels through the lens of r!nin (‘masterless samurai’). Through tracing the history of the term r!nin, the multiple ways in which it was used and interpreted over time, and its locally contingent nature, this research elucidates the inconsistencies between center/periphery, ideational/reality and explicit/implicit rules during the Tokugawa period (1603-1868).