Nasjonal Samlings Ideologiske Utvikling 1933- 1937
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The German-American Bund: Fifth Column Or
-41 THE GERMAN-AMERICAN BUND: FIFTH COLUMN OR DEUTSCHTUM? THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By James E. Geels, B. A. Denton, Texas August, 1975 Geels, James E., The German-American Bund: Fifth Column or Deutschtum? Master of Arts (History), August, 1975, 183 pp., bibliography, 140 titles. Although the German-American Bund received extensive press coverage during its existence and monographs of American politics in the 1930's refer to the Bund's activities, there has been no thorough examination of the charge that the Bund was a fifth column organization responsible to German authorities. This six-chapter study traces the Bund's history with an emphasis on determining the motivation of Bundists and the nature of the relationship between the Bund and the Third Reich. The conclusions are twofold. First, the Third Reich repeatedly discouraged the Bundists and attempted to dissociate itself from the Bund. Second, the Bund's commitment to Deutschtum through its endeavors to assist the German nation and the Third Reich contributed to American hatred of National Socialism. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION... ....... 1 II. DEUTSCHTUM.. ......... 14 III. ORIGIN AND IMAGE OF THE GERMAN- ... .50 AMERICAN BUND............ IV. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BUND AND THE THIRD REICH....... 82 V. INVESTIGATION OF THE BUND. 121 VI. CONCLUSION.. ......... 161 APPENDIX....... .............. ..... 170 BIBLIOGRAPHY......... ........... -
Krigen Mot Ryssarna I Vin Också En Utmarkelse Av Den Fin Det Er Imidlertid Tre Artikler Om Program.» Kultur
Stiftelsen norsk Okkupasjonshistorie, 2014 UAVHENGIG AVIS Nr.6 - 1992 - 41. årgang Finsk godgjøreIse KULTUR ER BASISVARE, til utenlandske IKHESTORMARKEDPRODUKT Jeg har skummet dagens A v Frederik Skaubo med overskrift: Rambo eller krigsdeltagere Morgenblad og bl.a. merket Rimbaud? hvor han angriper Efter 50 år får de svenska sol ersattning på knappt 1.500 kro meg datoen, 8. mai, som jo så selv om avskaffelse av familien det syn at staten (myndighe dater som frivilligt hjiilpte Fin nor får alla frivillige utlanningar absolutt gir grunn til ettertanke. var oppført på kommunistenes tene) også har noe ansvar for land i krigen mot ryssarna i vin också en utmarkelse av den fin Det er imidlertid tre artikler om program.» kultur. Han er såvisst ikke opp ter och fortsattningskriget 1939- ska staten. Ersattningen ar mera et annet viktig emne, jeg her fes Et fenomen idag er f.eks. at tatt av kultur som identitets 45 ekonomisk ersattning. en symbolisk gest av Finland tet meg ved. Hver for seg avkla mens Høyre med pondus pro fremmende, tradisjonsbevaren Det var i samband med det som i år firar sitt 75-års jubi rende, tildels avslørende i for klamerer en politikk bygget på de, kvalitetsskapende og estetisk årliga firandet av veterandagen i leum. bindelse med vårt kultursyn. De «det kristne verdigrunnlag ... og etisk oppdragende. Nesten Finland som regeringen fattade Framfor allt fOr de ester som er dessuten aktuelle også når vil forholdet for de flestes ved mer anarkistisk enn liberal går beslut om att hedra de 5.000 frivilligt deltog i striderna på denne avis kommer ut. -
Oath and Opposition: Education Under the Third Reich
OATH AND OPPOSITION: EDUCATION UNDER THE THIRD REICH CASE STUDIES What Choices Were Possible? OATH AND OPPOSITION: EDUCATION UNDER THE THIRD REICH CASE STUDIES What Choices Were Possible? 2 Risking Her Life to Protect Her Students 5 Teachers Facilitate Sterilization of Students 9 Teachers Ask Students to Write Letters to Hitler 12 Arrest of Teachers Prompts Nationwide Protests 17 Survivors Recall Their Experiences at School 20 DISCUSSION GUIDE This resource is made possible through the generous support of the David and Fela Shapell Family Foundation. UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM WHAT CHOICES WERE POSSIBLE? During Nazi rule, a struggle to control education policy emerged between the Ministry of Education, the National Socialist Teachers League (NSLB), and the Hitler Jugend. These case studies feature both biographies and primary sources (photographs and documents). Their goals are to: Expand the lens through which we see this history. Identify and examine the challenges and pressures of education in Nazi-occupied Europe (1933–45). Examine classroom experiences in Nazi-occupied Europe (1933–45) to understand what choices were available. Challenge and complicate thinking about collaboration, complicity, and teachers’ role in Teachers and students from the Nos Petits school society today. in Brussels, Belgium. US Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Olivia Mathis Reflect on our own actions while considering the pressures that affected those who were complicit. UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM 1 OATH AND OPPOSITION: EDUCATION UNDER THE THIRD REICH RISKING HER LIFE TO PROTECT HER STUDENTS JEANNE DAMAN was born into a Belgian Catholic family in 1919. When World War II began, she was a young Roman Catholic schoolteacher in Belgium. -
Tyranny Could Not Quell Them
ONE SHILLING , By Gene Sharp WITH 28 ILLUSTRATIONS , INCLUDING PRISON CAM ORIGINAL p DRAWINGS This pamphlet is issued by FOREWORD The Publications Committee of by Sigrid Lund ENE SHARP'S Peace News articles about the teachers' resistance in Norway are correct and G well-balanced, not exaggerating the heroism of the people involved, but showing them as quite human, and sometimes very uncertain in their reactions. They also give a right picture of the fact that the Norwegians were not pacifists and did not act out of a sure con viction about the way they had to go. Things hap pened in the way that they did because no other wa_v was open. On the other hand, when people acted, they The International Pacifist Weekly were steadfast and certain. Editorial and Publishing office: The fact that Quisling himself publicly stated that 3 Blackstock Road, London, N.4. the teachers' action had destroyed his plans is true, Tel: STAmford Hill 2262 and meant very much for further moves in the same Distribution office for U.S.A.: direction afterwards. 20 S. Twelfth Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa. The action of the parents, only briefly mentioned in this pamphlet, had a very important influence. It IF YOU BELIEVE IN reached almost every home in the country and every FREEDOM, JUSTICE one reacted spontaneously to it. AND PEACE INTRODUCTION you should regularly HE Norwegian teachers' resistance is one of the read this stimulating most widely known incidents of the Nazi occu paper T pation of Norway. There is much tender feeling concerning it, not because it shows outstanding heroism Special postal ofler or particularly dramatic event§, but because it shows to new reuders what happens where a section of ordinary citizens, very few of whom aspire to be heroes or pioneers of 8 ~e~~ 2s . -
Vidkun Quisling Dies J for Betraying Norway
._ "Thi~upreme ~~~ tommend a reprieve . -Neither could Vidkun Quisling Dies j the- state prosecutor. King Rejects Appeal' "Quisling sent the king a letter In which he pointed out he was in- For Betraying Norway, nocent, but added he did not ask for a reprieve, To4ay; "Mrs . Quisling, however, request- Traitor Executed Firing Squad ed a reprieve on .behalf of` her hus- y band. In a cabinet meeting yester- iffs 'Plea For Ve ency day, the king rejected Mrs . Quis- King Rejects ling's petition for mercy and de- Oslo, Oct. 24.-(AP)-Vidkun Quisling, Norway's arch cided the sentence would be car- was sealed with the collapse last ried out. spring of his one support-German traitor, was executed by a firing squad .before dawn to-day, "Quisling's relatives were noti- military might. paying the final price for dealing with an enemy his king', fied of the execution at 9 a.m. this He drove with six associates to li and countrymen defied throughout the bitter years of the morning ." the Oslo police station in a bullet- secrecy surrounded the execution, a Quisling was sentenced to death pro6f limousine and -surrendered war. The greatest for treason by a high court Sep- May 9. Immediately he was ar- , Foreign Affairs Office spokesman said. tember 10 and his sentence was raigned on a charge of treason.lI,' D Maintains Innocence confirmed October 13, when his Then, as he was later to do at his sI appeal was denied. trial, he maintained that all he had fi Quisling was awakened in his In the done was for the good and rushed quickly before the slightly more than five of Norway.,'! cell years he ruled Norway as Adolf Germans Given Information firing squad of 10 Norwegian mili- Hitler's puppet, the name of Vid- His three-week trial began Aug- tary police . -
Shirt Movements in Interwar Europe: a Totalitarian Fashion
Ler História | 72 | 2018 | pp. 151-173 SHIRT MOVEMENTS IN INTERWAR EUROPE: A TOTALITARIAN FASHION Juan Francisco Fuentes 151 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain [email protected] The article deals with a typical phenomenon of the interwar period: the proliferation of socio-political movements expressing their “mood” and identity via a paramilitary uniform mainly composed of a coloured shirt. The analysis of 34 European shirt movements reveals some common features in terms of colour, ideology and chronology. Most of them were consistent with the logic and imagery of interwar totalitarianisms, which emerged as an alleged alternative to the decaying bourgeois society and its main political creation: the Parliamentary system. Unlike liBeral pluralism and its institutional expression, shirt move- ments embody the idea of a homogeneous community, based on a racial, social or cultural identity, and defend the streets, not the Ballot Boxes, as a new source of legitimacy. They perfectly mirror the overwhelming presence of the “brutalization of politics” (Mosse) and “senso-propaganda” (Chakhotin) in interwar Europe. Keywords: fascism, Nazism, totalitarianism, shirt movements, interwar period. Resumo (PT) no final do artigo. Résumé (FR) en fin d’article. “Of all items of clothing, shirts are the most important from a politi- cal point of view”, Eugenio Xammar, Berlin correspondent of the Spanish newspaper Ahora, wrote in 1932 (2005b, 74). The ability of the body and clothing to sublimate, to conceal or to express the intentions of a political actor was by no means a discovery of interwar totalitarianisms. Antoine de Baecque studied the political dimension of the body as metaphor in eighteenth-century France, paying special attention to the three specific func- tions that it played in the transition from the Ancien Régime to revolutionary France: embodying the state, narrating history and peopling ceremonies. -
Norwegian Volunteers of the Waffen SS Ebook Free Download
NORWEGIAN VOLUNTEERS OF THE WAFFEN SS PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Geir Brenden,Tommy Natedal | 528 pages | 13 Oct 2016 | Helion & Company | 9781910777879 | English | Solihull, United Kingdom Norwegian Volunteers of the Waffen SS PDF Book Only a handful of Germans were found in the battalion. He was an NS member, but he refused to politicize the unit, despite the wishes of some of his subordinates. The German 6. Blue Division [12]. On December 4 the Norwegians saw some of their toughest combat as 3. The regiment then turned over its remaining weapons to the other elements of Wiking. State police honor badge Facsimile signed of Jonas Lie The above citation was awarded for effort at the front. Nowhere did Norwegians serve in greater numbers than in the ranks of the Waffen-SS , but equal mention should also be made of those who served in the Kriegsmarine, Luftwaffe, Heer and in the various auxiliary forces such as Organization Todt and even the Reichsarbeitdients. They were present in the town on October 14 when Finnish commandos attacked. Total: 20, [24]. There were many reasons why a Norwegian volunteer would want to risk his life by going to the front. Total: 80, [24]. The Norwegian Police formations in Sweden, or the Merchant Navy sailors are not included in this number. Hund also held the Wound Badge in Gold, and accumulated 64 close combat days by the end of the war, though he never received the Close Combat Clasp in Gold. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. At least two Norwegians met their fate at Stalingrad. -
Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance
Münsteraner Schriften zur zeitgenössischen Musik 5 Ina Rupprecht (ed.) Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance Music in the ›Reichskommissariat Norwegen‹ (1940–45) Münsteraner Schrift en zur zeitgenössischen Musik Edited by Michael Custodis Volume 5 Ina Rupprecht (ed.) Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance Music in the ‘Reichskommissariat Norwegen’ (1940–45) Waxmann 2020 Münster x New York The publication was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft , the Grieg Research Centre and the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster as well as the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Münster. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Th e Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografi e; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de Münsteraner Schrift en zur zeitgenössischen Musik, Volume 5 Print-ISBN 978-3-8309-4130-9 E-Book-ISBN 978-3-8309-9130-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31244/9783830991304 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2020 Steinfurter Straße 555, 48159 Münster www.waxmann.com [email protected] Cover design: Pleßmann Design, Ascheberg Cover pictures: © Hjemmefrontarkivet, HA HHI DK DECA_0001_44, saddle of sources regarding the Norwegian resistance; Riksarkivet, Oslo, RA/RAFA-3309/U 39A/ 4/4-7, img 197, Atlantic Presse- bilderdienst 12. February 1942: Th e newly appointed Norwegian NS prime minister Vidkun Quisling (on the right) and Reichskomissar Josef Terboven (on the left ) walking along the front of an honorary -
Modernism and Fascism in Norway by Dean N. Krouk A
Catastrophes of Redemption: Modernism and Fascism in Norway By Dean N. Krouk A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Scandinavian in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Mark Sandberg, Chair Professor Linda Rugg Professor Karin Sanders Professor Dorothy Hale Spring 2011 Abstract Catastrophes of Redemption: Modernism and Fascism in Norway by Dean N. Krouk Doctor of Philosophy in Scandinavian University of California, Berkeley Professor Mark Sandberg, Chair This study examines selections from the work of three modernist writers who also supported Norwegian fascism and the Nazi occupation of Norway: Knut Hamsun (1859- 1952), winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize; Rolf Jacobsen (1907-1994), Norway’s major modernist poet; and Åsmund Sveen (1910-1963), a fascinating but forgotten expressionist figure. In literary studies, the connection between fascism and modernism is often associated with writers such as Ezra Pound or Filippo Marinetti. I look to a new national context and some less familiar figures to think through this international issue. Employing critical models from both literary and historical scholarship in modernist and fascist studies, I examine the unique and troubling intersection of aesthetics and politics presented by each figure. After establishing a conceptual framework in the first chapter, “Unsettling Modernity,” I devote a separate chapter to each author. Analyzing both literary publications and lesser-known documents, I describe how Hamsun’s early modernist fiction carnivalizes literary realism and bourgeois liberalism; how Sveen’s mystical and queer erotic vitalism overlapped with aspects of fascist discourse; and how Jacobsen imagined fascism as way to overcome modernity’s culture of nihilism. -
Nasjonal Samlings Bruk Av Ritualer Og Historiske Symboler 1933-45
PÅ NASJONAL GRUNN - Nasjonal Samlings bruk av ritualer og historiske symboler 1933-45 Masteroppgave i samtidshistorie ved Institutt for arkeologi, konservering og historie, Historisk filosofisk fakultet, Universitetet i Oslo, levert av Jimi Thaule, våren 2007 1 Forord Først og fremst vil jeg takke min veileder Øystein Sørensen, både for uvurderlig hjelp i skriveprosessen, hjelp med å finne det nødvendige materialet og for å ha hjulpet meg å finne den rette vinklingen på temaet. Jeg vil også takke Hans Fredrik Dahl som hjalp meg å finne litteratur om Nasjonal Samlings medievirksomhet og kultursyn. Jeg vil i tillegg takke Janne Waage Berset og Sissel Eun Kyung Aune for den støtten de har gitt meg, og for å ha lest gjennom oppgaven og kommet med spørsmål, tips og rettelser. En takk også til Radioarkivet ved NRK som har hjulpet meg med både stoff og oppmuntringer underveis. Jeg vil også nevne det slovenske industribandet Laibach, som gjennom sin "retrogardisme" vekket min interesse for autoritær symbolbruk og estetikk. Til slutt vil jeg også rette en stor takk til mine besteforeldre, Liv og Laurids Pedersen, som gjennom oppmuntringer og støtte gjennom mange år har gjort meg i stand til å gjennomføre studiene. Denne oppgaven hadde vært umulig å skrive uten dem. 2 Innholdsfortegnelse 1 Innledning 5 1.1 Tema og problemstilling 5 1.2 Metode og definisjoner 7 1.3 Hvorfor symboler og ritualer 13 1.4 Utvalg av møter 13 2 Historiesynet i Nasjonal Samling 15 2.1 Historiske røtter 15 2.2 Fascistiske myter 18 2.3 Nasjonal kontinuitet 23 2.4 Raseideologi 24 3 Perioden 1933-1940 26 3.1 Møter i perioden 26 3.2 Tidlige aktiviteter 27 3.3 Partiprogrammet fremlegges 29 3.4 Det 2. -
About Odd Nansen
Odd Nansen and His The writings of Odd Nansen, June 1945: Odd nansen is reunited with his family son of Norway’s beloved statesman, after WWII. chronicle an important chapter in WWII history. By Timothy J. Boyce ost Norwegian-Americans know of Fridtjof Nansen—polar explorer, statesman and M humanitarian. His memory and achievements are widely celebrated in Norway, as attested by the October 2011 sesquicentennial celebration of his birth. But far fewer in America know about the remarkable y L life and achievements of his son, Odd Nansen, and in i M FA s particular his World War II diary, “From Day to Day.” ’ Odd Nansen, the fourth of five children of Fridtjof NANSEN and Eva Nansen, was born in 1901. He received a f ODD f O degree in architecture from the Norwegian Institute of esy rt u Technology (NTH), and from 1927 to 1930 lived and O PH c PH a worked in New York City. His father’s failing health R g brought Odd back to Norway, and after Fridtjof’s death PHOTO in May 1930 Nansen decided to remain. Following in 16 Viking May 2013 sonsofnorway.com sonsofnorway.com Viking May 2013 17 Nansen never intended to publish the diary, Fridtjof’s humanitarian secret diary, recording his From Day to Day Norwegians arrested during His entries also reveal but wrote it simply as a way to communicate with footsteps, Odd Nansen experiences, hopes, dreams The diary, later published the war, almost 7,500 were the quiet strength, and his wife Kari, and as a means of sorting out his helped establish and fears. -
I Lys Av Solkorset
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives I lys av solkorset Historien om en fjernsynsserie: ”I solkorsets tegn”, sendt 1981 Hovedoppgave i historie av Karen-Margrethe Baltzrud Universitetet i Oslo Høsten 2004 Forsidebildet er hentet fra avisa Klassekampen, 1981. I lys av solkorset Historien om en fjernsynsserie: ”I solkorsets tegn”, sendt 1981 Hovedoppgave i historie av Karen-Margrethe Baltzrud Universitetet i Oslo Høsten 2004 INNHOLDSFORTEGNELSE 0. Innledning 0.0. Bakgrunn........................................................................................... 1 0.1. Emne og problemstillinger ............................................................... 2 0.2. Kilder og bakgrunnslitteratur............................................................ 3 0.3. Forskning og teorier ......................................................................... 5 0.4. Personlig ståsted .............................................................................. 6 1. Programmene 1.0. Programserien .................................................................................. 9 1.1. Program1: Parti eller sekt?................................................................ 11 1.2. Program 2: Solkors og hakekors ...................................................... 13 1.3. Program 3: Statsakt, statsmakt – siste akt ....................................... 17 1.4. Program 4: Det lange oppgjøret ...................................................... 20