: Structure & Funcon Adrian Poniatowski StudyAid Neuroanatomy Seminar November 26, 2017 A pleasure to meet you... • Name: Adrian Poniatowski • Hometown: New York City • Job: Professional Baller, Future Doctor • Hobbies: Winning @ Life Brainstem = Manhaan

• Connects everything • Every connecon is important • Small lesions = big problems • Locaon, locaon, locaon!

Queson 1

Cranial exit from the following locaons EXCEPT • a.) vagus from posterior lateral sulcus • b.) from cerebello-ponne angle • c.) from anterior lateral sulcus • d.) lateral to the frenulum of the • e.) from interpeduncular fossa

3

Pons

Cross-secons: Clinical Correlates

Medulla Queson 2

All of the following locaons given are correct EXCEPT: • a.) motor of trigeminal - ponne • b.) superior salivatory nucleus of VII - ponne tegmentum • c.) superior vesbular nucleus of VIII - ponne tegmentum • d.) motor nucleus of hypoglossal - dorsal medulla • e.) motor nucleus of VI - mesencephalic tegmentum

MLF Pathway

• Funcon: Connects oculomotor nuclei to integrate eye movements • Nerves: CN III and VI • Lesion causes Internuclear Opthalmoplegia • Abnormal adducon of IPSILATERAL eye, usually with nystagmus • Where is the lesion here? Queson 3

Muscles of the eyeball are innervated by all of the following EXCEPT: • a.) axons of the nucleus located in the mesencephalic tegmentum • b.) axons of the nucleus located in the ponne tegmentum • c.) axons of the nucleus located in the dorsal medulla • d.) axons of the superior cervical ganglion • e.) axons of the ciliary gangilion

Queson 4

• Which of the following is NOT located in ? • a.) medial eminence • b.) cuneate tubercle • c.) facial colliculus • d.) locus ceruleus • e.) hypoglossal triangle

Corcobulbar Tract Corcobulbar Tract Corcobulbar Tract

• Pathway: Primary motor corces - - crus cerebri – X- CN nuclei in dorsal • Nerves: Brainstem LMN • Funcon: Regulaon of brainstem acvity

Bell’s Palsy

• It looks far worse than it is • Central vs. peripheral lesion • CN VII • Principal of contralateral and ipsilateral MOTOR input

Queson 5

Tracts which control voluntary movement of muscles of facial expression are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT: • a.) They arise from the postcentral gyrus • b.) they traverse genu of the internal capsule • c.) they traverse crus cerebri • d.) they reach contralateral motor nucleus • e.) they reach dorsal pons (ponne tegmentum)

Solitary Tract

• Pathways: Gustatory, Swallowing, Vagal Pathways • Nerves: inferior ganglion of CN X, of CN VII, and CN IX • Solitary nucleus originates in medulla