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Swaffham Prior Community Heat Network

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Swaffham Prior Community Heat Network Swaffham Prior Community Heat Network Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) July 2020 Contents Main Report Introduction Project Description Baseline Studies Identification and description of impacts Mitigation Plans Plan 1: The Proposals Plan 2: Site Context Plan 3: Site Appraisal Plan 4: Viewpoint Analysis Plan 5: Mitigation Appendices Appendix 1: Proposed Energy Centre site layout Appendix 2: Proposed Solar Array site layout Appendix 3: NCA 87: East Anglian Chalk. Strategic Environmental Objectives Annex 1: Viewpoint Analysis (see separate) Swaffham Prior CHN LVIA Swaffham Prior LVIA Introduction GIDE Associates Ltd have been appointed to provide the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) to support the planning application for a Community Heat Network at Swaffham Prior, Cambridgeshire. This report is prepared in accordance with the guidance given in “Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (Third Edition)” and East Cambridgeshire District Council’s Renewable Energy SPD (Oct 2014). Report Structure • Project Description • Baseline Studies • Identification and description of impacts • Mitigation 1. Project Description The proposal is for a Community Heat Network (CHN) for the village of Swaffham Prior within the District of East Cambridgeshire. The construction period for the whole development is expected to take 30 weeks. Plan 1 below identifies the full extent of the Proposal which is divided into 4 distinct elements; The Heat Network Area, the Heat Collector (“Ground Loop”) Area, the Solar Array and the Energy Centre. 1. Heat Network Area: This comprises the extent of the homes and building supplied by the scheme. Heat will be transferred via subterranean pipes to each household on the network. Once the installation is complete there will be no visible impact from this network although this is likely to facilitate the removal of existing oil and gas tanks from individual properties in due course. 2. Energy Centre: This will be provided in the existing farm building which will be repurposed for this function. Within the building there will be the main heat pumps that connect to the heat collectors and the heat network. See Appendix 1 for Site plan. Other elements located at the Energy Centre but outside the building include: • Air Sourced Heat Collector. This comprises a series of three evaporator fans mounted horizontally on beds approximately 1.5m high. Photo 1: Example of evaporator fans • Heat Store. This will be erected adjacent to the energy centre and used to store heat energy in form of hot water. The two insulated tanks will be approx. 6m. tall (and not in excess of the apex of the building) and “Juniper Green” in colour. Photo 2: Example of accumulator tank • DNO Transformer. This will be located on the righthand side of access drive near the entrance. Dimensions are 2.5m x 2.5m x 2m high. • Security fencing. This will be green palisade fencing approx. 2 m tall and will enclose the building and other elements except the coach access turning area. Photo 3: Example of palisade fencing Swaffham Prior CHN LVIA • Facility for passenger coach turning and parking. (This facility is provided for the occasional visits to the centre by school parties etc.). 3. Heat Collector (“Ground Loop”) Area. This will comprise an array of boreholes at regular 22m centres currently proposed to be 130 in number to a depth of 200m. The total area of the array is approx. 17.5 hectares. The boreholes will have an outside diameter of 40mm within a drilled shaft 140mm backfilled with clean granular material. Once installed, there will be no visible indicators on the surface that they are there. The intention is to manage the whole of this area as chalk grassland post installation. 4. Solar Array. This element is intended to reduce the scheme’s overall reliance on imported electrical energy to power the pumps and evaporators. It is positioned within the applicant’s ownership on land that is otherwise difficult to drill for boreholes due to the presence of over ground high voltage lines. This area is 1.29 hectares in size. The panels will be 2.33m high and ground mounted in 21 rows of panels approximately 5 metres apart. Alignment of the rows will be on a west-east arrangement facing south. The area will be surrounded by 2 m high deer fencing with 3m tall CCTV’s posted at each corner and an additional one halfway down the eastern side. See plans below in Appendix 2. Photo 4: Example of ground mounted solar panels “side-on” with deer fencing Photo 5: Example of ground mounted solar panels “front-on” with deer fencing Photo 6: Example of ground mounted solar panels screened by hedgerow 2. Baseline studies Plan 2 shows the context of Swaffham Prior within the surrounding landscape. Overview The village is located approximately 12km north east from the centre of Cambridge and 7.5km west of Newmarket and sits approximately 1.8km outside the Cambridge Greenbelt. It is linked to surrounding villages via the B1102 which runs between Stow cum Quy and Burwell. A major feature of the local area is the Devil’s Dyke. This is a 12km long linear earthwork from the 6th or 7th century and runs south east to north west approximately 650m. to the north of the village. The Devil’s Dyke is a designated Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM) and Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). Approximately 2.8km to the east of Swaffham Prior is Newmarket Heath SSSI although this is detached from the study area by the A11 which runs along its western edge. Swaffham Prior also has a number of listed buildings (Grade 1 and 2) as well as a Registered Park and Garden at Swaffham Prior Hall. These are not considered to be effected by the proposals at Goodwin Farm. The whole area also falls within a Nitrate Vulnerable Zone and the majority of it also falls within a Water Source Protection Zone II Outer Protection Zone which provides for additional protection for groundwater drinking water. Existing vegetation: Local tree and hedge vegetation cover is naturally relatively sparse although the very gentle topography means that it often has a significantly stronger impact on the local landscape than it would necessarily appear from plan. This is particularly so in and around the village where the roadside trees, hedgerows and copses coalesce with garden vegetation to provide strong local screening. The agricultural land to the south east of the village has a more open character however, with only occasional cut hedgerows interrupting some views. Whilst it has traditionally been an open landscape, it is fair to say that this has been acerbated over recent decades with additional tree and hedgerow loss increasing its scale even further. Topography: Swaffham prior is located on a slight ridge, with the highest point of the village approximately 30m AOD near the water tower and Foster’s Mill. The land slopes gently Swaffham Prior CHN LVIA down to the Fens to the west of Mill Hill and down to the Proposed Site to the east which is at 20–25m AOD, before then rising very gently again towards the south east and Vicarage Farm and the A11. The land also rises up to a small hill to the north-east of the Proposed Site to a height of c. 35m AOD, this limits views to the north-east and Devil’s Dyke. Settlement: Swaffham Prior is a relatively compact village with the main core of properties focussed on the High Street and connected roads. Properties with an aspect looking eastwards are limited and predominantly on the east side of the B1102 on Mill Hill and on Heath Road. Heath Road also includes a number of farms and a commercial property. Landscape Character: The land to the south east of Swaffham Prior is a large scale, open and relatively simple landscape, identified by the Cambridgeshire Landscape Guidelines (1991) as part of the “Chalklands” and characterised by its “complex history of settlement and the impact of people on the landscape over the centuries” and as “a broad-scale landscape of large fields, low mechanically trimmed hedges and few trees”. Traditionally it would have been a strong sheep rearing and corn production area but now it is generally dominated by large-scale cereal production. Small pockets of species rich chalk grassland still prevail, but these tend to be quite fragmented and small in scale. Natural England’s National Character Area (NCA) characterisation identifies the area as part of the East Anglian Chalk (NCA 87) which also highlights the “smooth rolling chalk hills with large regular fields enclosed by low hawthorn hedges, with few trees, straight roads and expansive views to the north” along with its rich history and man-made influences. The NCA’s overall strategic objectives for this area include the maintenance of sustainable but productive agricultural land use whilst expanding and connecting the chalkland assemblage of semi-natural grasslands; along with the conservation and promotion of landscape character, by maintaining, enhancing and expanding existing natural features. A full summary of the Strategic Environmental Objectives for the East Anglian Chalklands can be found below in Appendix 3. Whilst Swaffham Prior also sits very close to the adjoining Fens National Character Area, (NCA 46), this exerts very little influence on the nature of the study area. The Proposed Site “The Proposed Site” specifically refers to the land at Goodwin Farm, defined by the Energy Centre and associated structures, heat collector area and the solar array (Plan 3). This area comprises two rectangular arable fields (Agricultural Grade 2 – “Very Good”) of roughly similar size with a total area of c17.5 hectares. The area is flanked by hedgerows on the western (adjacent to Heath Road), northern and eastern sides.
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