National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS)
Project ID: NMHS/ 2017-18/ SG39/39 Sanction Date: 28-03-2018
Conservation of Biodiversity and Livelihood Enhancement through Community-Based Forest Management and Ecotourism in and around Submergence of Small Hydropower Project
Annual Progress Report for the period from 01/04/2018 to 31/03/2019
Dr Thiru Selvan Dr Sabyasachi Dasgupta PI Co-PI
Tripura University (A Central University) Suryamaninagar, Tripura-799022 PI: [email protected]
National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) Annual Progress Report Period from 01.04.2018 to 31.03.2019 1. Project Information
Project ID: NMHS/ 2017-18/ SG39/39 Sanction Date: 28-03-2018
Project Title: "Conservation of Biodiversity and Livelihood Enhancement through Community-Based Forest Management and Ecotourism in and around Submergence of Small Hydropower Project"
BTG: Rs. 17,20,600 (Livelihood Options and Employment Generation)
PI and Affiliation Dr Thiru Selvan
(Institution): Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry and Biodiversity, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura- 799022
Phone: +91-381-2379462 (O); +91-8974236218 (M)
E-Mail: [email protected]
Name & Address Dr Sabyasachi Dasgupta of the Co-PI, if Associate Professor & HOD, Department of Forestry and Biodiversity, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura- 799022 any: Phone: +91-381-2379461 (O); +91-9410127024 (M)
E-Mail: [email protected] ; [email protected]
Structured The project initiated with recruitment of Project Staffs (2 JPF’s). Informal Abstract - stakeholders consultations were done involving local communities, JUST (Co- detailing partner NGO) and other stakeholders. Permission from the Forest Department has the been sought. Interim communication and meeting done with the PCCF discussing current year the activities of the project. Various firms were called for quotations and based on progress the quotations; comparative statement and further processing, the Finance [Word Department, finalized supply orders and Purchase of all items stipulated has been Limit 250 achieved. Collection of secondary information; Bio resources listing, including words]: literature review on NTFP’s of Tripura has been accomplished. Delineation of catchment for study area demarcation and identification of village boundary for detail study has been carried out. Analysis of the Census information and
identification of villages more dependent on the reservoir and the Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary was done using Cartosat-1 data from BHUVAN website and census data, using ArcGIS and 6 base maps were generated. Generation of detailed road network base maps has been prepared to have proper access and cover all the areas of the study site. Listing of Local flora and fauna from published study and reconnaissance survey has been initiated and is under progress. NTFP uses of the major resources have been recorded and study initiated on markets of the region. Identification of potential houses for developing home stay facility is in process. Questionnaire survey was carried out by the JPFs on Bio-resource to list out and to know the ethno-resources. Local governmental and non-governmental offices were visited to obtain necessary baseline information. Awareness program was organized in two different places on 1st March 2019 and 9th March 2019.
Project Partner Affiliations Role & Responsibilities
Name
Jana Unnayan NGO SHG formation, Society Samiti Tripura registration, Eco-hut renovation, PRA exercise, Base camp establishment
2. Project Site Details
Project Site Dumbur, Tripura
IHR States Tripura Covered
Long. & Lat. Between latitudes 23º19′ and 23º47′ N and longitudes 91º14′ E and 91º58′ E.
Site Maps
Fig2: Topography Map Dumbur Fig1: Study area of Dumbur Basin and Protected Reservoir area.
Site Photographs
Fig3: Site view of the study area, Stakeholder Consultation: PI, Co-PI, JUST Team, and the local community of the Field site (Dumbur reservoir) on 22/04/2018
Fig4:The team (PI, JPF) visited the project site in and around Dumbur reservoir on 26/08/2018
Fig 5:Bioresources and fish found in the market (Field Visit 18/09/2018 to 23/09/2018
Fig 6: Field Visit around Jhum area and Collection of flora Available in Jhum area (7/11/2018 to 14/11/2018)
3. Project Activities Chart w.r.t. Timeframe [Gantt or PERT]
Project Work Undertaken period from 01.04.2018 to 31.03.2019 Output Activities Qtr. 1 Qtr. 2 Qtr. 3 Qtr. 4 (April- June) (July-September) (Oct-Dec) (Jan-March) Recruitment of Advertised for the One JPF joined the - Post of JPF was 2 Junior Project Project Staffs post of Junior project on Advertised by Fellow are and seeking of Project Fellow 26/07/2018. notification on recruited with Rs. under the Project Advertised for the 17/01/2019 and 16,000/ + 8% or administrative permission for followed by an post of Junior Project interview was 1800 HRA per interview on Fellow (2) under the held on month field study 18/05/2018 for Project followed by 25/01/2016. fellowship. the same. One out an interview on Recruited JPF,
of two JPF 23/08/2018 and Mr Kiran vacancies was 13/08/2018 for the Kumar filled. same. The second Murasing JPF vacancy was joined on
Permission from filled after the 11/02/2019 the Forest interview on Department has 13/08/2018. The JPF been sought. (2) joined on 05/09/2018. Interim communication has also been made with the PCCF. Stakeholders On 22/04/2018 The team (PI, JPF) 2 JPF visited Field Base Base camp was Consultation- Project PI and visited the project the field site on Camp has been established. Local CO-PI along with site in and around 7/11/2018 to established at communities the JUST officials Dumbur reservoir on 14/11/2018 Gandachhera along with visited the project 26/08/2018. (Fig: 4 (Fig:6) for, inside the site- in and above). Another initiating compound of JUST around Dumbur field visit was made selection of Wildlife reservoir for a from 18/09/2018 to families for Warden’s reconnaissance 23/09/2018 for home stay, office of Gumti survey and market survey. Documentation Wildlife informal meetings (Fig:5 above) of flora Sanctuary with were conducted at available in the assistance the project site Jhum area, for of Forest (Fig: 3 above ) conducting Department, PRA exercise Government of during the next Tripura. field visit
Based on the After processing, the Ordered _ Equipment’s quotations Finance Department, equipment’s Purchased Purchase of received, have issued have been equipment comparative necessary supply received from statement was orders. the firms. prepared and presented to the Departmental committee.
Collection of Bio resources Around 150 Mapping of - Bioresource secondary listing, Literature economically plants plants of the listing and NTFP information reviews on NTFP were listed for their Field site is use information of Tripura. medicinal, edible, continuing compiled from timber value. primary and Mushrooms and 80 secondary Fish with economic sources. value were also listed (Annexure -A from secondary to Q) sources
Generation of Field visits were Analysis of the 6 thematic Road map has 6 thematic maps base maps made and GPS Census population maps Viz. been generated. locations were and Identification of LULC, Road generated recorded for villages who are network, different landuse more dependent on Village the reservoir by boundaries, category. using Cartosat-1 data DEM, PA from BHUVAN network, website, census data Vegetation map and using ArcGIS were generated with the help of Arc GIS- LULC for the study area of Dumbur reservoir
Website and Process started Domain Process started to Mobile app to prepare the purchased and develop the Creation website and the Website is website and Mobile app in under Mobile app consultation construction. with the professionals in this field.
Awareness _ _ _ Awareness 2 Awareness Programme program was programs was organised on 1st organised in the March 2019 at study area. Manubakta para and 9th March 2019 at Tarini para. Short PRA exercises were also carried out to prepare a seasonal calendar.
Identification of _ _ _ Two JPF 8 Villages were beneficiaries staying at Base visited for camp from identifying 15/02/2019 to beneficiaries. 09/03/2019 kept continuous visit to a part of study area which cover 8 Villages.
Traders _ _ _ This survey It was reported interview was done that as there is no among those proper marketing people who system they deal with Bio- cannot profit any. resource of the study area. Several vegetables sellers have been interviewed to understand the local market system.
Bioresource _ _ _ Out of 8 In the survey 102 survey villages visited, species were Bioresource identified which survey was they use as carried out in Bioresource. two villages (Annexure –1 to comprising 36 6 ) households.
4. Financial and Resource Information
Total Grant 1720600.00 Grant Received Date: 28-03-2018
Project Partner (s) Affiliation /Institute Budget Allocated to Work Done Partner 1 Tripura University Tripura University Tripura University, Department of forestry & Biodiversity
Project Staff information
S.no Name Qualification Designation Fellowship/Wages Paid
1. Mr. Francis H M.A Ecology Environment & JPF (Junior 16,000/- 8% HRA 25.09.2018 Darlong Sustainable Development Project Fellow) 2. Kiran Kumar M.Sc. Forestry & Natural JPF (Junior 16,000/- 8% HRA 11.02.2019 Murasing Resources Project Fellow)
5. Equipment and Asset Information
S. Equipment Name Details Cost Photograph of Equipment Lowest Quotation, No (QTY) (Make/ IF NOT Purchased Model)
1 GPS (2 No.) Garmin Etrex 40,120.00 30x
Lowest
2 Notebook/Laptop Supply order issued yet to be received
3 Printer and Scanner Supply order issued yet to be received
4 Camera (1 No.) Nikon DSLR 56,400.00 D5300,18-55 Zoom,70-300 Lowest KIT BK
5 Binocular (2No.) Nikon Aculon 12,739.00 A211-10X50
Lowest
6 LCD Projector (1No.) EPSON S41 31,899.00
Lowest
7 Camping Gears
7.1 Quechua, 6030.00 Lowest (Decathlon ) 2 Person Tent –Free Standing Structure Rama (2.No.) Enterprise Solution, Bangalore
7.2 Quechua, 6240.00 Lowest 4Person Tent-Easy (Decathlon ) &Quick Put Up (1 No.) Rama Enterprise Solution, Bangalore
7.3 Quechua, 21,594.00 Camp Bed (6 No.) (Decathlon) Rama Enterprise Lowest Solution, Bangalor
7.4 Quechua, 5596.00 Lowest (Decathlon) Hammock (4No.) Rama Enterprise Solution, Bangalore
1996.00 7.5 Inflatable Pillow (4 No.) Lowest
7.6 Quechua, 3998.00 (Decathlon) Rechargeable Hiking Rama lamps 50 Lumen (2 No.) Enterprise Lowest Solution, Bangalore
7.8 Quechua, 4995.00 (Decathlon) Rain Proof Dress (5 No.) Lowest Rama Enterprise Solution, Bangalore
7.9 Quechua, (Decathlon) 7278.00 Lowest Rama Enterprise Solution, Bangalore Hiking Tarp (2 No.)
7.10 15000.00
Poly 600, Maglite Polysteel 600 Lowest &Rechargeable battery Set (1No.)
7.11 A & S Lowest CREATION Head Lamp, Life 4800.00 Marque-Intensity155 Delhi Had Torch (4No.)
7. Project Beneficiary Groups
Beneficiary Groups [Capacity Building] Target Achieved
No. of Beneficiaries with income Nil Nil generation:
No. of stakeholders trained, particularly Nil Nil women:
No. of capacity building Workshops/ Nil Nil trainings:
No. of Awareness & outreach programs: 2 2
No. of Research/ Resource Persons Trained: 2 Junior Project Fellow 2
8. Project Progress Summary (for the Reporting Period ONLY)
Description Total Description (attach separate (No.) Annexure, if reqd.) IHR States Covered 1 Tripura
Project Site/ Field Stations developed 1 1
No. of Patents filed (Description): Nil Nil
Article/ Review/ Research Paper/ Nil Nil Publication:
New Methods/ Modellings Developed Nil Nil description in 250 words
No. of Trainings (No. of Beneficiaries) Nil Nil
Workshop: Nil Nil
Demonstration Models (Site): Nil Nil
Livelihood Options Nil Nil
Training Manuals: Nil Nil
Processing Units: Nil Nil
Species Collection: Nil Nil
Species identified: 120 (field Annexure 1 to 6 visit) and (Identified during field Above visited) (150 secondary data )
Database/ Images/ GIS Maps: 6 6 Base Maps were generated and 4 more base maps are in progress (Settlement, Jhum/Cultivation Area, Water Bodies and Stream). (Annexure R to W) Analysis of census data of 2001 &2011 to understand decadal changes of the community structure.
Project Concluding Remark (for the Reporting Period ONLY)
Objectives # Outputs / Monitoring Indicators Measurable Deliverables Remarks Outcomes (as specified in (as specified in Sanction Sanction Letter) Letter) against Objective
1.Quantificatio 6 base maps Monitoring in comparison Documentation/ Data base n and were to the baseline information of bioresources HEP mapping of generated to be provided by the catchment; important bio with the help proponent in the 1st Quarter: Community based resources of of ArcGIS; • No. of New Database/ Biodiversity conservation Dumbur HEP Generation of Datasets/ Maps for the model; Catchment. baseline target sites and generated information on quantification and Reduced pressure on mapping status of protected area and Bioresources; etc.; 2.Skill conservation sensitization • Demonstrative models/ through ecotourism; development Long-term protocols (No.) and livelihood Yet to be viz., CPR Management Model development for enhancement Model; Biodiversity sustainable management accomplished of tribal and Conservation Action of submergence area after Model and Practices; ethnic the projected life of HEP. • No. of Trainings or community workshops conducted on living around Skill Development and the submerged Livelihood Generation, • No. of Stakeholders area benefitted (No. of Rural Youth, No. of Women, 3. Biodiversity Organized and Total No. of Conservation two Beneficiaries) including action through update on income awareness community generation (Rs./ person); programmes participation. • Policy framework/ draft (No.) for Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan through Community Participation; Other Publications and Knowledge Products (Nos.) on the identified biodiversity indices.
Methodology (in Identification of educated youths preferably persons with multiple language brief): skills. Guide training for bird watching, ecosystem monitoring and narration etc.
At least 10 Educated unemployed youth will be trained
Forming ecotourism management committee with different stakeholders and registering the committee as registered SHG under societies act. One Ecotourism management Committee.
Indicator species identification after analyzing data collected on biodiversity components. Growing of underutilized local fruits and vegetables in farmer’s field to serve the tourist. Trial for domestication of wild varieties. Enrichment planting
Target species as indicators;
Enrichment Plantation at one location.
PRA Exercise
Direct Evaluation by Communities through workshops.
Database creation, analysis, expert opinion, stake holder consultation
Major Research Nil Achievements:
Brief Conclusion Analysis of census data. - the current Generation of Base maps with Arc GIS. progress– for the Mapping of plants of the Field site from the Flora of Tripura. reporting period Knowledge on NTFP’s, ONLY (point Establishment of Base Camp wise): PRA Exercise was conducted. Identification of beneficiaries Traders interview Questionnaire survey on Bioresource. Awareness programme. Sensitization programme Ordered equipment’s have been received from the firms. Progress 50% Achieved (%):
Remaining work The Plan for the following quarter is described below to be done:
Next Reporting Period Plan and Projections (month-wise):
Quarter 5 April, 2019 Biodiversity assessment, Knowledge on NTFP’s, threat estimation, and Ecological diversity
May, 2019 PRA, Screening of documentary,
June , 2019 Identification of educated youths preferably persons with multiple language skills. Guide training for bird watching, ecosystem monitoring and narration etc.
Submitted to: Submitted by:
Nodal Officer, NMHS-PMU Dr. Thiru Selvan National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) Assistant Professor & PI, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Department of Forestry and Environment and Sustainable Development Biodiversity, (GBPNIHESD), Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263643, Tripura University, Uttarakhand Suryamaninagar, Agartala, E-mail: [email protected] Tripura- 799022
ANNEXURE-A
Table 1: Species of bamboo found in Study site.
Common Name Scientific Name
Muli Melocanna baccifera
Mritinga Bambusa tulda
Rupai Dendrocalamus longispathus
Pecha Dendrocalamus hamiltonii
Dolu Schizostachyum dullooa/ Neohouzeaua dullooa
Lata or wadu or Sarail Bans Melocalamus compactiflorus
Barak Bambusa Balcooa
Kantha Bans Bambusa bambos Syn. B. arundinacea
Bam or Bethua Bans Bambusa cacharensis Tetua
Tetua Bambusa jaintiana
Paora Bambusa polymorpha Syn. B. teres
Kai or Pichli Bambusa nutans Syn. B. teres
Bari or Jai Bambusa vulgaris
Lathi Bans Bambusa strictus kanak Kaich Thyrostachys oliveri Syn. B. affinis
Makal Bambusa pallida
Kantha Barak Bambusa Salarkhanii Syn. B. bambos
Hedge Bamboo Bambusa multiplex
Asper Bambusa asper
Buddha Belly Bamboo Bambusa ventricosa
Tiger or Golden Bamboo Bambusa striata
ANNEXURE-B
Table 2: List of plants found in study site which yield dye and tan.
Botanical Name Part Used
Adenanthera pavonina Wood
Adhatoda vasica Leaves
Aegle marmelos Rind of the fruit
Alpinia galanga Root, stalk
Althaea rosea Flowers
Anacardium occidentale Pericarp
Annona reticulata Fruit, shoots
Bauhinia purpurea Bark
Bixa orellana Pulp (aril) surrounding the seeds
Bougainvillea glabra Flower with ivory white bracts
Carthamus tinctorius Flowers
Cassia fistula Bark and Sapwood
Cassia tora Seeds
Chukrasia tabularis Flowers and leaves
Commelina benghalensis Juice of the flower
Curcuma zedoaria Rhizome
Dipterocarpus spp. Bark
Garcinia tinctoria Fruit and bark
Garcinia xanthochymus Bark and Timber
Impatiens balsamina Flower
Indigofera tinctoria Green crop
Lawsonia alba Leaves
Mallotus philippensis Fruits
Mangifera indica Bark and leaves
Nyctanthes arbortristis Flower
Prunus persica Leaves, Root bark
Punica granatum Fruit rind
Tagetes erecta Flower
Tagetes patula Flower
Terminalia arjuna Bark
Terminalia chebula Fruits
Tectona grandis Leaves
Ventilago madraspatana Root and Bark
Ziziphus jujuba Fruit
Abrus precatorious Seed
Achyranthes aspera Whole plant
Emblica officinalis Fruit and Bark
Lagerstroemia parviflora Bark
Lannea coromandelica Bark and resin
Mirabilis jalapa Flower
Oroxylum indicum Bark and Fruit
Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis Whole plant
Solanum nigram Seed
ANNEXURE-C
Table 3: List of plants found in study site which yield oil.
Botanical Name Commercial product
Essential oils
Cymbopogon nardus Whole plant
Aquillaria malaccensis Wood
Cinnamomum camphora Wood and leaf
Michelia champaca Flower
Mimusops elengi Flower
Seed oil
Actinodephnae angustifolia Seed oils Actinodephnae obovata Seed oils Azadirachta indica Seed oils Garcinia cowa Seed oils Garcinia acuminata Seed oils Garcinia lanceaefolia Seed oils Garcinia tinctoria Seed oils Garcinia xanthocyhmus Seed oils
Hydnocarpus kurzii Seed oils
Mallotus phillipinensis Seed oils Melia azedarach Seed oils Mesua ferrea Seed oils Mimusops elengi Seed oils Pongamia pinnata Seed oils Shorea robusta Seed oils
ANNEXURE-D
Table 4: List of Plants found in study site yielding fibre and flosses.
Botanical Name Commercial Fibres
Abroma angusta Perennial Indian hemp, Devil’s cotton
Agave cantala Maguey, Cantala, Bombay hemp, Bombay aloe
Ananas comosus Pina fibre
Boehmeria nivea Ramie fibre, China grass, Rhea, Chinese silk plant
Bombex ceiba Indian Kapok
Calotropis gigantea Akund fibre
Cannabis sativa Hemp fibre
Caryota urens Kittul fibre, Salopa
Cocos nucifera Coconut fibre, Coir
Corchorus capsularis Jute butts, Narcha
Corchorus olitorius Tossa jute, Daisee, Jew’s mallow
Crotalaria juncea Sunn, Sannhemp
Gossypium herbaceum Tula
G. arboreum Tula
G. barbadense Tula
G. hirsutum Tula
Hibiscus cannabinus Mesta
Linum usitatissimum Flax
Oreocnide integrifolia Risa fibre, Ban rhea
Sansevieria roxburghiana Indian Bowstring Hemp; Murva fibre
Urena lobata Aramina Fibre; Congo Jute
ANNEXURE-E
Table 5: List of plants found in study site yielding gums, resins and oleoresins.
Botanical Name Commercial product
Azadirachta indica
Anacardium occidentale Cashew
Combretum spp Gum arabic
Albizia spp Gum arabic
Leucaena spp. Gum arabic
Sterculia villosa Karaya
Cassia tora
Bombax ceiba
Sesbania bispinosa
Shorea robusta Damar
Canarium strictum Elemi (Balsam)
Palaquium spp Gutta Percha
Tamarindus indica
Aquillaria spp. Gaharu resin
Garcinia spp. Gamboge
Dipterocarpus spp. Dammar
ANNEXURE-F
Table 6: List of leafy vegetables consumed in study site
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Thankunipata/ Centella asiatica Creeper Used as vegetable and also as Samchota medicine in case of dysentery Muchingpata Xanthoxyllum spps Tree Used as vegetable Bilati dhaniapata/ Erygium foetidum Herb Used as condiment. Roots used Kachin Masala as in stomachic Chirchiri/ Monochoria hastate Aquatic Herb Sun dried leaves used as Banmura kachu vegetable throughout the year, also used as medicine in edema, jaundice, and also as laxative Ghimasakh/ Polycarpon Herb Used as vegetable by both tribals Bukhate prostratum & non tribals Khargonpata Typhonium trilobatum Herb Used as vegetable and also as diuretic
ANNEXURE-G
Table 7: List of Leafy-stem Vegetables consumed in study site.
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Dekisakh/ Diplazium esculentum Herb Used as vegetable Mukunchuk Alencha Enhydra fluctuans Herb Used as vegetable, and also as medicine. It is diuretic, useful in skin, hepatic, neural diseases, and in case of insomnia Kalmisakh/ Ipomoea aquatica Herb Used as vegetable, fodder and as Kalmibasak medicine Kantakachu/ Lasia spinosa Herb Used as vegetable Kantha Panilajuk/ Neptunia prosprata Herb Used as vegetable, leaf juice used Kharaisakh in Jaundice Kachoripana Eichhornia orassipes Herb Used as fodder, compost, for making bio-gas Harjora/ Naljora Cissus quadrangularis Climbing Used as vegetable, pulp of the shrub stem used for curing fracture bone
ANNEXURE-H
Table 8: List of Shoot vegetables consumed in study site.
Common Name Scientific Name Culm Local consumption in Tripura Mritinga/ Owandal Bambusa tulda Greyish green, Tender culms used as ringed below the vegetables nodes, stem sheath glabrous, hairy/ white powered Muli Melocanna baccifera Woody, grows from Tender culms used as rhizome, bears vegetable. Alkali water sheath with reduced prepared from it used in blade stomach trouble, and also used as an anti-malarial anecdote Sil-Barak/ Bambusa balcooa Stout with hollow Tender culm used as Owachur internodes, nodes vegetable with whitish ring above
ANNEXURE-I
Table 9: List of Root-Tuber Vegetables consumed in study site.
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Banallo/ Thabarchuk Dioscorea glabra Climber Used as vegetable Banallo/ Ganga Dioscorea Climber Tuber and tender stem hamiltonii used as vegetable Batema/ Ol Amorphophallus Herb Fresh corm and sun dried campanulatus cakes used as vegetable Kachu, lati/ Muitulati Colocasia esculenta Herb Used as vegetable
ANNEXURE-J Table 10: List of Stem Vegetables consumed in Tripura.
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Chubui/ Muikhun Musa acuminata Herb Both young and mature stem used as vegetable Gandhari/ Gandhaki Homalomena aromatica Shrub Tuber, petiole and flowers used as vegetables Tara/ Tharai Alpinia allughas Herb Stem and flowers used as vegetables Bagduga/ Muimarang Amorphophallus bulbifer Herb Used as vegetable Biring Alpinia sp Herb Used as vegetable
ANNEXURE-K
Table 11: List of Flowers as Vegetables consumed in study site.
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Mucha/ Muikhun Musa acuminata Herb Used as vegetables Kachuful Colocasia esculenta Herb Used as vegetable Bakful Sesbania grandiflora Tree Tender leaves and flower are used as vegetable, also used as fodder Adaful/ Haiching Zingiber officinale Herb Used as vegetable extract of stem used as expectorant Haldiful/ Sutui Curcuma domestica Herb Used as vegetable, rhizome used as condiment, also used as externally in cut injury, fracture and dislocation of bone
ANNEXURE-L
Table 12: List of Fruit vegetables consumed in study site.
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Banbegun/ Solanum torvum Shrub Used as vegetable khamkasikum Bakair begun/ Solanum indicum Shrub Used as vegetable khamka Telakuchi/ Coccinia grandis Climber Leaves and fruit used as Taokha thaichmu vegetable, root, stem and leaves used as medicine in skin disease, bronchitis and diabetis Chalta Dellinia indica Tree Used as vegetable and to make prickle, chutney, and also used as medicine in cold and cough Biikang/ Makhan Canavelia gladiata Climber Used as vegetable, used as shim medicine in hernia, colic antibillious and in irritation of mucous membrane Amlaki/ Amla Emblica officinalis Tree Eaten raw, used in pickles, used as medicine in anemia, cold and cough and in jaundice Nokka/ Kanak Oroxylum indicum Tree Consumed as a vegetable,
anti-flatulent and reliever of colic Tekroi/ subra Flacourtia jangomas Tree Raw fruit are eaten
ANNEXURE-M
Table 13: List of Seeds as vegetables consumed in study site
Common Name Scientific Name Habit Local consumption in Tripura Kathal biz Artocarpus Tree Fruit eaten raw, seeds heterophylla eaten after cooking Makhna/ Euyale ferox Aquatic herb Raw and roasted seeds are Thangjing eaten Makal Trichosanthes Climber Roasted seeds are eaten, bracteata also used as medicine
ANNEXURE-N
Table 14: List of Medicinal plants found in study site
Sl. Scientific name Local name Parts used No.
1 Abroma angusta Ulatkambal/Bankopali Root bark
2 Abrus precatorius Kunch Root and seed
3 Abutilon indicum Petari Leaves, juice of leaves, bark, seed & roots
4 Acacia concinna Banritha Pod & Leaves
5 Acacia pennata -- Barks, leaves, stems, fruits
6 Acalypha indica Muktajari/ Khokli Plants, roots & leaves
7 Achyranthes aspera Apang Plants, roots & seeds
8 Acorus calamus Bach Rhizome
9 Adhatoda vasica Vasaka Leaves, roots & flowers
10 Aegle marmelos Bel Root, bark, fruits
11 Ageratum conyzoides Pichas Root, Leaves & Flowers
12 Alphonsea Ventricosa Naga kala Leaves
13 Anacardium Occidentale Kojubadam Roots, Barks & Fruits
14 Andrographis periculata Kalmegh Plant, root & Leaves
15 Anthocephalus cadamba Kadam Bark & Leaves
16 Ananas comosus Anaras Leaves & Fruits
17 Annona reticulate Nona Bark, leaves & Seeds
18 Aquilaria malaccensis Agar Wood
19 Argemone maxicana Shialkata Root & Seeds
20 Asclepias curassavica - Roots & Leaves
21 Asparagus recemosus Satamuli Root
22 Averhoa carambola Kamranga Fruits
23 Bacopa monnieri Brahmisak Plants, Stem & Leaves
24 Baliospermum montanum Danti Root, Leaves & Seeds
26 Blumea balsamifera Kukursanga Whole Plant
27 Blumea lacera Kukursanga Plants, Roots & Leaves
28 Butea parviflora Jong-obi Bark & Root
29 Calotropis gigantea Akan Root, Bark, Leaves & Latex
30 Cardiospermum halicacabum Lataphatkari/ putka Plants
31 Cassia occidentalis Kalkasunda Plants, roots, Leaves & Seeds
32 Cassia tora Chakunda Leaves & Seeds
33 Cassia sophera Kalkasunda Plants, leaves & seeds
34 Centella asiatica Thunimancuni Plants & Leaves
35 Chenopodium Album Bethushag/ Betua sag Plants
36 Chenopodium ambrosiodes Bethushag Plant
37 Chloanthus officinalis - Root & Leaves
38 Cinnamomum glanduliferum - Wood
39 Clematis gouriana - Leaves & Stem
40 Cleome viscosa Hurhuria Leaves & Seeds
41 Cinnamomum iners Jangli-darchini Bark & Seeds
42 Clerodendron viscosum Bhait, juthur Root, leaves & flower
43 Coccinia cordifolia Telakucha Plants, roots & leaves
44 Commelina benghalensis Whole plants
45 Cordia dichotoma Kala-uja/ Banari/ Bahul Fruits,bark & leaves
46 Croton roxburghii Baragach Bark, root, fruit & seeds
47 Crotalaria spectabilis Jhun jhunui Stem, leaves & seeds
48 Curculigo orchioides Talamuli
49 Curcuma amada Amada Rhizome
50 Custuca reflexa Algusi,Sunylaya Plant, seeds
51 Cynodon dactylon Durba Plant
52 Cyperus rotundus Sunda Tubers
53 Datura metel Dhutura Leaves,roots & seeds
54 Datura stramonium Dhutura Leaves & fruits
55 Deeringia amaranthoides Jolamohani Root & leaves
56 Desmodium triquetrum Leaves
57 Dioscorea alata Chupri alu Tubers
58 Dioscorea bulbifera Banaalu Tubers
59 Dioscorea pentaphylla Kanta Alu Tubers
60 Eclipta prostrata Kestuki,Keysutra Plant, root & leaves
61 Emblica officinalis Amalaki Root, bark, flower & fruits
62 Entada phaeioloids Ghila Seed, stem & bark
63 Eupatorium odoratum Pichas Plant
64 Euphorbia hirta Baro khernie Plant
65 Euphorbia thymifolia Dudiya Leaves & seeds
66 Ficus bengalensis Bot Root, fibers, leaves & seeds
67 Ficus hispida Dengura/ Dumur Bark, fruit & seeds
68 Ficus recemosa Jirbat Root, bark, leaves & fruit
69 Garcinia cowa Kau/ Cowa/ Kok Gum, resin
70 Garcinia xanthocymus Tamal Fruit
71 Gleichenia liniaris Rhizome and fronds
72 Heliotropium indicum Hatisur Whole plant
73 Hemidesmus indicus Anantamul Root
74 Hydrocotyle sibthorpoides Thunimancuni Whole plant
75 Ichnocarpus frutescens Dhudilata/ Shyamlata/ Roots & leaves Paralia lata 76 Jasminum sambac Belphul Plant, root, leaves & flowers
77 Luffa cylindrica Dhundul/ Phoro/ Pholo Seeds
78 Mallotus philippensis Kishur/ Tung Glands & hairs on the fruit
79 Mimosa pudica Chhoitemara Leaves and stem
80 Nelumbo nucifera Padma Root, leaves, flower & seeds
81 Nymphaea stellata Nil sapla Root, stock & flower
82 Oxalis corniculata Amrul Plant
83 Paederia foetida Badhali pata Plant, root & leaves
84 Pavetta indica Kukurchura/ Kalda Root & leaves
85 Passiflora foetida Jhumkolata Leaves & fruits
86 Pergularia extensa Ghagul Banti Root, bark, plant & leaves
87 Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Basak Leaves
88 Ricinus communis Bherenda Seed
89 Saccharum spantaneum Kash Plant
90 Scindaspus officinalis Gaj pipul Fruit
91 Sida cordifolia Bherela/Bala Plant, root, juice & seed
92 Solanum indicum Bekair Root
93 Solanum nigrum Kakmachi Plant & fruit
94 Solanum xanthocarpum Kantikari Root, stem, flower & fruit
95 Spilanthes acmella Plant, flower & and seeds
96 Streblus asper Sheora Bark & root
97 Tamarindus indica Tetul Fruits
98 Terminalia bellirica Bahera/Bakhla Fruits
99 Terminalia chebula Haritaki Bark & fruit
100 Terminalia tomentosa Piasal Bark
101 Tinospora cordifolia Gulancha Plant
102 Vanda tessellata Rashna Root & leaves
103 Vitex peduncularis Awal Bark & leaves
104 Xanthium strumarium Ghagra Plant, root & flower
105 Xeromphis spinosa Mon/Beolem Bark & roots
ANNEXURE-O
Table15: List of wild Mushrooms found in study site.
Scientific Name Family Edibility
Agaricus bisporus Agaricaceae Edible
Agaricus subrufescens Agaricaceae Edible
Agrocybe aegerita Strophariaceae Edible
Amauroderma sp Ganodermataceae Medicinal
Auricularia ap. Auriculariaceae poisonous
Cordyceps sinesis Ophiocordycipitaceae Medicinal
Flammulina velutipes Physalacriaceae Edible
Ganoderma lucidum Ganodermataceae Medicinal
Grifola frondosa Meripilaceae Edible
Hericium erinaceus Hericiaceae Edible
Inonotus obliquus Hymenochaetaceae Medicinal
Lactarius sp. Russulaceae Edible
Lentinus sp. Polyporaceae Edible
Lentinula edode Marasmiaceae Edible
Lentis spp Polyporaceae Medicinal
Microporus xanthopus Polyporaceae Medicinal
Piptoporus betulinus Fomitopsidaceae Edible
Pleurotus eryngii Pleurotaceae Edible
Pleurotus ostreatus Pleurotaceae Edible
Polyozellus multiplex Thelephoraceae Poisonous
Polyporus umbellatus Thelephoraceae Edible
Pycnoporus sanguineus Polyporaceae Poisonous
Sparassis crispa Sparassidaceae Poisonous
Stropharia aeruginosa Strophariaceae Poisonous
Termitomyces microcarpa Lyophyllaceae Edible
Termitomyces eurhizus Lyophyllaceae Edible
Termitomyces clypeatus Lyophyllaceae Edible
Termitomyces heimii Lyophyllaceae Edible
Trametes versicolor Polyporaceae Medicinal
Tremella mesenterica Tremellaceae Poisonous
Xylaria polymorpha Xylariaceae Poisonous
ANNEXURE-P
Table 16: NTFPs (other than Medicinal Plants) used locally and for Commercially Use
S. No. Local Name Scientific Name Remarks 1 Kalmisak Ipomoea aquatica Leaves used as a vegetable 2 Maan Kochu Colocasia esculenta Tubers used as food 3 Lal shak Amaranthus spp. Leaves and stem used as vegetable 4 Deki shak Diplazium polypoides Fronds and shoots as vegetable 5 Bans kurul Bamboo shoots (various spp) Shoots used as vegetable, condiment and for making pickle 6 Ban Alu (yam) Dioscorea spp. Tubers/ rhizome used as food 7 Batama Amorphophallus spp. do 8 Jal kochu Colocasia spp. do 9 Gandhaki Homalomena aromatica Stem, tuber used as food 10 Ram kala Musa acuminata Fruit (banana) is consumed 11 Thor kala M. paradisiaca 12 Bak phul Sesbania grandiflora Buds/ Influ 13 Chalta Dillenia indica do 14 Brehanti Solanum torvum Fruit/seed is edible 15 Putki begun Solanum nigrum do 16 Tela kachu Coccinia grandiflora do 17 Kao Gracinia cowa Fruit is consumed 18 Jalpui Elaeocarpus floribundus do 19 Anarosh Ananus comusus do 20 Damur Ficus hispida do 21 Chamal Artocarpus chaplasha do 22 Amloki Emblica officinalis Fruit is edible 23 Bana hallud Curcuma aromatica Spice/condiment(rhizome) 24 Sinjhu Ocimum americanum do (leaves) 25 Banta O. bassilicum do (leaves) 26 Ban tejpata Cinnamomum obtusifolium do (leaves) 27 Payesh pata Pandanus minor do (leaves) 28 Tetul Tamarindus indica Fruits and leaves 29 Bamboo Bambusa balccoa, B. tulda, B. Used as post, for walls; (Bansh) polymorpha etc. handicrafts; agriculture.
30 Bamboo Bambusa balccoa, B. tulda, B. Used as post, for walls; (Bansh) polymorpha etc. handicrafts; agriculture.
31 Cane (Bent) Calamus rotung, C. viminalis. For building and implements; handicrafts,
32 Dhup Canarium strictum Mosquito repellent, Religious functions
33 Grass – Chhan Imperatus cylindrical For roofing and as shafts
34 Grass – Kush Eragrostic cynosoroides
35 Leaves (esp Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia spp. For making compost kacuri pana) Dalbergia spp.
36 Bamboo Melocanna baccifera Fencing material, young shoot as food
37 Rifuji Lata Mikania cordata Forage/fodder
38 Ghash Crysopogogon aciculatus Fodder grass
39 Mehendi Lawsonia inermis For colouring/ dying
40 Haritaki Terminalia chebula Fruit used in tanning
41 Udal Sterculia villosa Fiber- yielding
42 Pichla Microcos paniculata do
43 Simul Bombax ceiba yielding Silk cotton; fiber
44 (Several) Allophulus cobe, Datura As nacrotics, insecticides,and stramonium, Hollarhena poison antidysentrica, Mucuna nigricans, etc.
45 (Several) Abrus precatorius, Lygodium For decorative purposes flexiosus, L. japonica, Adiantum caudatum, etc.
46 NA Streblus asper Fisheries application
47 Bel, Aegle marmelos, Fruit/leaves/grass used for religious purposes. Bel fruit Grass, Ficus religiosa, pulp is eaten Tulsi Cynodon dactylon,
48 Bana hallud Curcuma aromatica Spice/condiment(rhizome)
ANNEXURE-Q
Table17: List of Fishes found in study site.
SL Scientific name Common Name Family NO.
1 Amblyceps mangois (Hamilton) Amblycipitidae
2 Amphipnous cuchia Kuchia Amphipnoidae
3 Alpocheilus panchax Chokhoni Amphipnoidae
4 Alpocheilus melastigma Chokhoni Amphipnoidae
5 Anabas testudineus (Bloch) Koi Anabantidae
6 Colisa fasciata ( Schneider) Kolisha Anabantidae/Belontidae
7 Rita rita (Hamilton) Reti Bagridae
8 Batasio batasio (Hamilton) Bagridae
9 Mystus bleekeri (Day) Tengra Bagridae
10 Mystus cavasius (Hamilton) Bagridae
11 Mystus vittatus (Bloch) Tengara Bagridae
12 Aoricbtbys aor (Hamilton) Bagridae
13 Aorichthys seenghala (Sykes) Aoyeer Bagridae
14 Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton) Kakiya Belonidae
15 Chaca chaca Kutkutya Chacidae
16 Chanda baculis (Hamilton) Chandidae
17 Chanda nama Hamilton Chandidae
18 Chanda ranga Hamilton Channidae
19 Channa barea (Hamilton) Channidae
20 Channa marulius Gajar Channidae
21 Channa orientalis (Schneider) Cheng Channidae
22 Channa punctatus (Bloch) Lati/ Taki Channidae
23 Channa striatus (Bloch) Shoal Channidae
24 Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus) Jagur/ Magur Clariidae
25 Noemacheilus botia (Hamilton) Cobitidae
26 Neomacheilus spilopterus Cobitidae
27 Neomacheilus zonatus Cobitidae
28 Botia rostrata (Giinther) Cobitidae
29 Somileptes gongota (Hamilton) Cobitidae
30 Lepidocephalus guntea (Hamilton) Cobitidae
31 Lepidocephailis berdmorei (Blyth) Gunte/ Gutam Cobitidae
32 Chela labuca Hamilton Chapkhowari. Cyprinidae
33 Salmostoma bacaila Chela Cyprinidae
34 Salmostoma clopeoides (Bloch) Chela Cyprinidae
35 Esomus danricus Cyprinidae
36 Danio aequipinnatus (McClelland) Chebli. Cyprinidae
37 Danio (Brachydanio) reria (Ham) Anju Cyprinidae
38 DINio dangila (Hamilton) Nipati. Cyprinidae
39 Rasbora daniconius (Ham) Darkina Cyprinidae
40 Rasbora eiallga (Ham) Bhagna Cyprinidae
41 Amblypharyngodon mola Mowka Cyprinidae
or Ambharygodon mola (Hamilton)
42 Aspidoparia jaya-(Ham) Cyprinidae
43 Barilius baRILA (Hamilton) Chedra Cyprinidae
44 Barilius barna (Hamilton) Joia, Bhola And Ghal Cyprinidae
45 Barilios nelsoni (Barman) Cyprinidae
46 Barllios shacra (Hamilton) Koksha Cyprinidae
47 Barilius tileo (Hamilton) Boola Cyprinidae
48 Cyprinus carpio carpio Linnaeus Cyprinidae
49 PuntillS clavatus (McClelland) Puti Cyprinidae
50 Puntius chola (Hamilton) Titu Puti Cyprinidae
51 Puntius conchonius (Hamilton) Kanchan Puti Cyprinidae
52 Puntius sophore (Hamilton) Puti/ Sar Puti Cyprinidae
53 Punt ius sarona sarona (Ham) Sar Puti Cyprinidae
54 Puntius licto (Ham) Tituputi Cyprinidae
55 Osteobrama cotio cotio (Hamilton) Gila Khani Cyprinidae
56 Labeo bata (Hamilton) Bhangna/Batta Cyprinidae
57 Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) Kalibaus Cyprinidae
58 Labeo gonius (Hamilton) Gonya Cyprinidae
59 Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Rohu/Rui Cyprinidae
60 Chagunius chagunio (Hamilton) Puti Cyprinidae
61 Semiplotus emiplotus ( McClelland) Bandangi' Cyprinidae
62 Tor putitora (Hamilton) Cyprinidae
63 Tor tor (Hamilton) Mahasol Cyprinidae
64 Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) Mrigal Cyprinidae
65 Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton) Rewah Cyprinidae
66 Catla catla (Hamilton) Cyprinidae
67 Crossocheils latius latius (Hamilton) Cyprinidae
68 Aplocheilus panchax (Hamilton) Cyprinodontidae
69 Aprocryptus bato Cheeng Gobidae
70 Glossogobius gioris (Hamilton) Bhalia/ Belay Gobidae
71 Heteropneostes fossilis (Bloch) Singhi Heteropneustidae
72 M. pancalus Chikra Bhaim Mastacembelidae
73 Macrognathus aculeatus Bangas Mastacembelidae
74 Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloch) Goichi Mastacembelidae
75 MastaCembelus armatus Baim Mastacembelidae
76 Mastacembelus pancalus (Hamilton) Baim Mastacembelidae
77 Tetraodon cutcutia (Hamilton) Mastacembelidae / Tetraodontidae
78 Sicamugil cascasia (Hamilton) Mugilidae
79 Rhinomogil corsula (Hamilton) Mugilidae
80 Badis badis (Ham) Bot Koi Nandidae
81 Nandus nandus (Hamilton) Nanda/ Meni Nandidae
82 Olyra kempi (Chaudhuri) Olyridae
83 Olyra longicaudata (McClell) Bhotsinghi Olyridae
84 Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch) Silurldae
85 Ompok pabda (Hamilton) Silurldae
86 Wallago attu (Schneider) Boal Silurldae
87 Ailia coila (Hamilton) Schilbeidae
88 Pseudeotropius atherinoides (Bloch) Schilbeidae
89 Clupisoma garua (Hamilton) Schilbeidae
90 Clupisoma montana Hora Schilbeidae
91 Eotropiichthys morius (Hamilton) Muribacha Schilbeidae
92 Eutropiicbthys vacha (Hamilton) Schilbeidae
93 Silonia silondia (Hamilton) Shilong/Silon Schilbeidae
94 Bagarius bagarius (Hamilton) Bhaghar Sisoridae
95 Gagata cenia (Hamilton) Sisoridae
96 Erethistoides montana montana Hora Sisoridae
97 Glyptothorax conirostre Sisoridae (Steindachner)
98 Glyptothorax cavia (Ham) Sisoridae
99 Glyptothorax riberoi (Hora) Sisoridae
100 Glyptothorax telchitta (Ham) Sisoridae
101 Hora hara (Ham) Gigot Sisoridae
102 Tetrasdon cutcutia Ballfish Tetraodontidae
ANNEXURE -R
ANNEXURE-S
ANNEXURE-T
ANNEXURE-U
ANNEXURE-V
ANNEXURE-W
ANNEXURE-1
Fish identified during the field study
SN Scientefic Name Local Name Common Name Family Amblypharyngodon mola Moga/Moka Mola carplet Cyprinidae Anabas testudineus. Koi Climbing perch Anabantidae Catla catla Katla Indian Major carp Cyprinidae Chanda nama Chanda Elongate glass-perchlet Centropomidae Channa marulius Gajil Giant snakehead Channidae Channa striata Shoal Snakehead murrel Channidae Cirrhinus cirrhosus Mirga/Mrigala Cauvery white carp Cyprinidae Clarias batrachus Jagur/Magur Walking catfish Clariidae Ctenopharyngodon idella Gascrap Grass carp Cyprinidae Cyprinus carpio communis Karphu/ Japani rui Common carp Cyprinidae Esomus danrica Darkina Indian flying barb Cyprinidae Heteropneustes fossilis Singhi Stinging catfish Heteropneustidae labeo bata Bata/Bhangon bata Bata labeo Cyprinidae Labeo calbasu Kalibaus/Kal baus Orangefin labeo Cyprinidae Labeo gonius Ghania Kuria labeo Cyprinidae Labeo rohita Ruith/Rahu Rohiti, Rau, Riu, Ruee Cyprinidae Leiodon cutcutia Potka /Tepa Ocellated pufferfish Tetraodontidae Macrognathus pancalus Bhim/Sal baim Tire-track spiny eel Mastacembelidae Mastacembelus pancalus Guchi/Chirka Striped spiny eel Mastacembelidae Monopterus cuchia Kuchiya Gangetic mud eel Synbranchidae Notopterus notopterus Kandla Grey featherback Notopteridae Pangasius Pangasius Pangus Yellowtail catfish Pangasiidae Puntius conchonius Pothi Rosy barb and Red barb Cyprinidae Wallago attu Bowal/Boal Boal Siluridae Xenentodon cancila Kaikya Freshwater garfish Belonidae
ANNEXURE-2
Shrubs identified during the field study
SN SCIENTIFIC NAME LOCAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY 1 Abelmoschus esculentus L. Muirimi Lady finger Malvaceae 2 Cajanus cajan L. Khokleng Pigeon Pea Fabaceae 3 Capsicum frutescens L. Thamso (Moso) Chilly Solanaceae 4 Manihot esculenta Crantz. Tha-borchuk Cassava Plant Euphorbiaceae 5 Solanum indicum L. Khamkha Bari kateri Solanaceae 6 Solanum torvum Sw. KhamkhaKotor Turkey Berry Solanaceae 7 Solanum violaceum Ortega. KhamkhaKwkha Indian nightshade Solanaceae
ANNEXURE-3
Herbs identified during the field study
SN SCIENTIFIC NAME LOCAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY 1 Alpinia allughas Retz. Therai Bamboo-leaved Galangal Amaranthaceae 2 Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) B. L. Burtt Biring Tara Zingiberaceae 3 Amorphophallus bulbifer (Roxb.) Batema (Itchi) Elephant foot yam Araceae 4 Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Batema (less itchi) Elephant foot yam Araceae 5 Ananas comosusL. Omotwi Anaros/ Pineapple Bromeliaceae 6 Brassica nigra Retz. Hoiro Mastard leaf-seed Brassicaceae 7 Centella asiatica L. Samsota Asiatic pennywort Apiaceae 8 Chenopodium album L. BetuaSakh BetuaSakh Amaranthaceae 9 Colocasia esculenta L. Muitu- Dal kochu Colacasia Zingiberaceae 10 Coriandrum sativum L. Bakhor Coriander Apiaceae 11 Curcuma longa L. Sortwi Turmeric Zingiberaceae 12 Diplazium esculentum Roxb. Mui-koitroi/Kokochor Edible Fern Athyriaceae 13 Eryngium foetidum L. Bakhorkotor (Bila Sawtooth Coriander Apiaceae 14 Eupatorium odoratum L. Mayungsundwi Eupatorium Asteraceae 15 Homalomena aromatic Schott. Gandrwi Gandrwi Araceae 16 Ocimum bessilicum L. Banda/Bana Basil Lamiaceae 17 Ocimum sanctum L. Tulsi Holy basil Lamiaceae 18 Pisum sativum L. Motor Pea Fabaceae 19 Raphanus raphanistrum L. Mulai Raddish Brassicaceae 20 Solanum lycopersicum L. Mwkhui Tomato Solanaceae 21 Solanum melongena L. Phantok Brinjal Solanaceae 22 Zingiber officinale Rosc. Hiching Zinger Zingiberaceae
ANNEXURE-4
Grass species identified during the field study SCIENTIFIC NAME LOCAL NAME COMMON Family SN NAME 1 Bambusa balcooa Roxb. Muya Barak Poaceae 2 Bambusa polymorpha Munro. Muya Bari Poaceae 3 Dendrocalamus longispathus Kurz. Muya Rupai Poaceae 4 Melocanna baccifera Roxb. Muya Muli Poaceae 5 Pennisetum glaucumL. Maisui Pearl millet/ Bajra Poaceae 6 Saccharum officinarum L. Mashinga (Kurwk) Sugar cane Poaceae
ANNEXURE-5
Climbers identified during the field study
SN SCIENTIFIC NAME LOCAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY 1 Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. Muifrai Creeping spinach Cucurbitaceae 2 Canavalia gladiate (Jacq.) DC Khakluwanjwi Wax Gourd Basellaceae 3 Coccinia indica Wight &Arn. Potol Ivy Gourd/ Scarlet Gourd Cucurbitaceae 4 Cucumis sativus L. Dormai Cucumber Cucurbitaceae 5 Cucurbita maxima Duch. Chakumura Pumpkin Cucurbitaceae 6 Dioscorea bulbifera L. Tha Yam Dioscoraceae 7 Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Griseb Tha Yam Dioscoraceae 8 Ipomoea aquatic Forssk. Elengcha Water spinach Dioscoraceae 9 Ipomoea batatas L. Tha-kwtwi/ bathung Sweet Potato Convolvulaceae 10 Lablab purpureus L. Kosoi (Masingni) Dolichos Beans Fabaceae 11 Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. Muilok Bottle Gourd Fabaceae 12 Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. Zing Angled luffa Cucurbitaceae 13 Luffa cylindrical Auct. Foro/Folo Luffa Cucurbitaceae 14 Mikania cordata (Burm. f.) Robins Komiliho Heartleaf hempvine Cucurbitaceae 15 Momordica charantia L. Gangla Bitter gourd Asteraceae 16 Piper nigrum L. Golmorich Black Pepper Cucurbitaceae 17 Tinospora cordifolia (DC.) Miers Dubowi Tinospora Piperaceae 18 Trichosanthes cucumerina L. Puitha Snake Gourd Manispermaceae 19 Vigna unguiculata L. Kosoi (Subai) Beans/ Cow pea Cucurbitaceae
ANNEXURE-6
Trees identified during field study S. SCIENTIFIC NAME LOCAL NAME COMMON NAME Family NO 1 Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Thaipong Jackfruit Moraceae 2 Carica papaya L. Kengkiya Papaya Caricaceae 3 Chorchorus olitorius L. Pai-mwkhui (Mesta) Pat Malvaceae 4 Citrus limon L. Mousambi Lemon Rutaceae 5 Citrus maxima (Burm.)Merr. Jambora Pomelo Rutaceae 6 Citrus x limon L. Kawaji Lemon Rutaceae 7 Citrus X sinensis L. Komla Orange Rutaceae 8 Cocos nucifera L. Narikra Cocunut Araceae 9 Ficus spp. Khuichang Fig Moraceae 10 Hevea brasiliensis Mull.Arg. Rubber Rubber Euphorbiaceae 11 Mangifera indica L. Thaichuk Mango Anacardiaceae 12 Moringa oleifera Lam. Sajna Drumstick tree Moringaceae 13 Musa argentii Laiphang (Bolongni) Banana Musaceae 14 Musa paradisiacal L. Laiphang (Parani) Banana Musaceae 15 Oroxylum indicum L. Tokha-rung/Wa-molong Broken Bones Tree Bignoniaceae 16 Parkia speciosa Hassk Wakre/Wikre Bitter beans Fabaceae 17 Piper betleL. Kowai Bettle Piperaceae 18 Psidium guajava L. Goyam/ Goyang Guaba Myrtaceae 19 Tamarindus indica L. Thentwrwi Tamarind Fabaceae 20 Terminalia bellirica Roxb. Dedalok/Boira Behera Combretaceae 21 Terminalia chebula Retz. Bakhla Myrobalan/Haritaki Combretaceae 22 Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Boroi Jujuba/ Ber Rhamnaceae