1996 Nobel Prize in Physics Holds Special Interest for BNL

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

1996 Nobel Prize in Physics Holds Special Interest for BNL Vol. 50 - No. 43 November 1, 1996 BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY 1996 Nobel Prize in Physics Holds Special Interest for BNL This year’s Nobel Prize in physics lium-3 because there is a short-range — for the discovery of superfluidity in repulsion between helium-3 atoms a rare form of helium, helium-3 — has that overcomes their longer range at- a special interest for BNL. traction. Two BNL-related theoretical physi- “Since the whole subject was very cists — Victor Emery in the Physics Andrew Sessler much in our minds, it was not long Department and Lawrence Berkeley (left), Lawrence before we decided to explore the possi- National Laboratory’s (LBNL) Andrew Berkeley bilities further,” Emery recalled. Sessler, who is also a Trustee of Asso- National Can Fermions Pair? ciated Universities, Inc. — wrote a Laboratory and paper in 1960 that helped start pio- a Trustee of The two theorists considered neering experiments in the field. And, Associated whether helium-3 atoms could form in 1966, one of the Nobelists, David Universities, pairs in angular momentum states Lee of Cornell University, spent a Inc., and Victor with zero, one, two, etc., units of angu- sabbatical year at BNL, working on Emery of BNL’s lar momentum, which are labeled “s- some of the techniques later used in Physics state,” “p-state,” “d-state,” etc., in the the prize-winning research. Department language of atomic spectroscopy. The prize was won by experimen- stand outside In the simplest generalization of talists David Lee and Robert Richard- Berkner Hall, 36 the BCS theory, they found that the son, also of Cornell, and Douglas years after their optimum pairing was in the d-state Osheroff, Stanford University, for 1960 theoretical and estimated the temperature at their 1972 discovery while at Cornell paper written at which liquid helium makes the transi- that the isotope helium-3 can become Berkeley helped tion into a superfluid at about 0.08 K. superfluid, flowing without normal start pioneering A similar suggestion was indepen- viscosity, at a temperature of 0.002 on experiments in dently made by Keith Brueckner, the Kelvin scale, very close to abso- liquid helium-3. Philip Anderson, Toshio Soda and lute zero (about −459.67°F). Pierre Morel in the U.S., and a re- The discovery generated such ex- lated, but less specific, prediction was Photos by Roger citement because, like helium-4, the Stoutenburgh made by Lev Pitaevskii in Moscow, all common form of helium, when he- at about the same time. lium-3 becomes superfluid, it shows fermion systems such as liquid he- weaker interaction between electrons. “All these proposals were unex- effects that can be understood only in lium-3 could be superfluids, in much Both Emery and Sessler had con- pected because people were still the submicroscopic world of quantum the same way that electrons in a metal cluded that the existing theory would thinking in terms of conventional mechanics. are superconducting. Fermions are a not lead to superfluidity in liquid he- (continued on page 2) The comparatively large-scale ef- class of particles that include protons, fects shown by superfluid helium-3 neutrons and electrons. provide new information on the col- Emery had examined the stability lective behavior of atoms in a quan- of the high-temperature state using Lab to Ship Spent Reactor Fuel tum liquid. The effects include, for methods developed in nuclear phys- example, the ability to “climb” up the ics. Sessler, together with Leon Coo- Before the end of the calendar year, BNL is planning to ship spent fuel walls of containers, or, when swirled per and Robert Mills, had generalized that had been in temporary storage after being used in the High Flux about, to form vortices that appear or the BCS theory to strongly interacting Beam Reactor (HFBR) to a storage facility at the U.S. Department of disappear very abruptly rather than particles. The BCS theory, named for Energy’s (DOE) Savannah River Site, in South Carolina. smoothly, as would happen in ordi- authors John Bardeen, Cooper and The planned shipment will go by barge from Long Island to Virginia nary liquids. Robert Schrieffer, explains supercon- and then by truck to South Carolina. A total of 210 spent fuel elements ductivity in metals and involves a Minds Meeting will be shipped in five containers in one barge shipment. Shipments of spent fuel elements have been ongoing nationwide for In 1960, Emery and Sessler met in over 40 years, and, like shipments of other radioactive materials, they Berkeley at Lawrence Radiation Labo- Here & There have an excellent safety record. During that time, no fatalities or injuries ratory, now named LBNL. Emery was have occurred in a transportation accident because of the radioactive on a Harkness Fellowship, while Zohreh Parsa, a BNL physics as- nature of the cargo. Sessler was on sabbatical leave from sociate, chaired a symposium on the BNL’s own history of spent fuel shipments began in 1954, when the Ohio State University. “Future of High Energy Colliders,” first of about 330 shipments were made over a 22-year period, until 1976. “We shared a very small office and October 21-25, at the Institute for Following legal action in the late 1970s, the court ruled that U.S. began to work together,” said Sessler. Theoretical Physics (ITP) of the Uni- Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations prevailed, and BNL Emery and Sessler had each al- versity of California, Santa Barbara. resumed shipping in 1985, making 19 shipments through 1987. All past ready published papers considering The symposium was held in conjunc- shipments have gone either to Savannah River or to Idaho National the possibility that strongly-coupled tion with a five-month workshop on Engineering Laboratory. “New Ideas for Particle Accelerators” The decision to make this year’s shipment by barge was influenced by that Parsa is coordinating at ITP. discussions with stakeholders, who perceive that barging reduces impact Coming Up Among the BNL speakers at the on their communities. In addition, five containers are available for the shipment, making the barging option more efficient and cost effective. The Lab and its environ- symposium were Laboratory Director Whether shipped by land or sea, the spent fuel is encased in a cask- mental record will be the top- Nicholas Samios, offering perspec- tives on the future of high-energy phys- type structural package that provides radiation shielding and prevents ic of a forum titled “BNL ics; Senior Physicist William Marc- release of radiation in the event of a traffic accident. Containers must Speaks Out,” to be held on meet rigorous specifications and be able to withstand: Saturday, November 9, at the iano, discussing the physics of the • a 30-foot drop onto an unyielding surface at the package’s weakest Fine Arts Theatre of Long Is- standard model, and beyond; Michael point. land University’s South- Harrison, Associate Head of the Rela- • a 40-inch drop onto a 6-inch diameter rod at least 8 inches long, striking ampton College. All are wel- tivistic Heavy Ion Collider Project, on a big hadron collider; Senior Physicist the container’s weakest point. come to attend this forum, Frank Paige, discussing the comple- • exposure to a temperature of 1475°F for 30 minutes. sponsored by the World Af- • water immersion for 8 hours. fairs Council. mentarity of lepton and hadron The barge will not depart unless there is a 36-hour window of good The afternoon will begin at colliders; and Robert Palmer, Head weather. 3:30 p.m. with lobby exhibits of the Center for Accelerator Physics, DOT and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission provide outside on Brookhaven’s research. sharing an overview of a muon col- lider. regulation, and the U.S. Coast Guard provides further regulation of the Then, at 4 p.m., brief talks will • barge segment of the shipment. be given by: Sue Davis, Associ- Earlier this year, BNL and DOE briefed local, state and federal ate Director for Reactor, Safe- At the New York Biotechnology officials on planned shipments. Also, employees may have noticed ty & Security; Robert Casey, Association’s sixth annual meeting, activity in the HFBR parking lot, when BNL hosted a workshop/demon- Head of the Safety & Environ- in New York City, on Friday, October stration on container handling. mental Protection Division; 25, the afternoon spotlight was on BNL as “New York’s resource for Because of federal requirements, the exact shipping dates are safe- and Jean Howard, a physician genomics and structural biology.” guarded until after shipments have reached their destination. in the Medical Department. A The HFBR is a world-class research facility that provides neutrons to reception will follow. Under the theme “New Science in more than 200 researchers for studies in biology, chemistry, physics, For more information, call New York: A Technology Development materials science and medicine. For example, the reactor is used to make Public Affairs, Ext. 2345. Symposium,” the meeting brochure a tin compound that offers substantial pain relief for patients with bone Southampton College is lo- described BNL as “a multidisciplinary Department of Energy laboratory lo- cancer. The compound has shown promise in early clinical trials con- cated on Montauk Highway in cated on Long Island [that] has unique ducted by BNL’s Medical Department. — Mona S. Rowe Southampton. (continued on page 3) Brookhaven Bulletin November 1, 1996 Inside Info Scam Warning R. William Casey, Head of BNL’s Free Raffle! Free Raffle! Last December, an article in the Safety & Environmental Protection Brookhaven Bulletin warned BNLers (SEP) Division since 1988, has been If eliminating your waiting in line at the bank to deposit your pay about a worldwide scam originating in named a Fellow of the Health Physics every week or month isn’t incentive enough to sign up for direct deposit, Nigeria that had found its way to Society (HPS).
Recommended publications
  • Natural Cures and Complex Technologies PVAMU Microbiologist Raul Cuero’S Latest Target: Skin Cancer
    Excellence in education, research and service FEBRUARY 2010 VOL. 2, ISSUE 1 Natural Cures and Complex Technologies PVAMU Microbiologist Raul Cuero’s Latest Target: Skin Cancer By Bryce Hairston Kennard The hard streets of Buenaventura, Colombia, didn’t provide Raul Cuero with the usual range of toys available to children from more prosperous families—but there were plenty of lizards, cockroaches and insects. Humble as those amusements were, they ignited a lifelong interest in biology and NEW DISCOVERIES Dr. Theresa Fossum (left) and Dr. Matthew Miller review images in the cardiac nature that led to extensive research with Martian soil, plant catheterization laboratory at the new TIPS facility in College Station. organisms and cancer. If you have heard of Cuero recently, it is likely in connection with developing a breakthrough discovery in the labs at Prairie View A&M University that could lead to the prevention of skin cancer in humans and animals. Aided by funding from NASA, the professor of microbiology Building TIPS for Texas in the College of Agriculture and Human Sciences is seeking a patent for a natural compound that blocks cancer-inducing How Terry Fossum Advanced Texas A&M’s Leadership in Biotech Innovation ultra-violet radiation. He describes the discovery as a way to help researchers and scientists “elucidate an important scientific By Melissa Chessher quest about the way organisms were able to survive at the beginning of earth, when there was a great UV presence in the Terry Fossum’s journey to create the Texas A&M Institute for Preclinical Studies began in 1997 during a atmosphere.
    [Show full text]
  • Douglas Dean Osheroff Papers
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8v40ww2 No online items Guide to the Douglas Dean Osheroff Papers Daniel Hartwig Stanford University. Libraries.Department of Special Collections and University Archives Stanford, California November 2013 Copyright © 2015 The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University. All rights reserved. Guide to the Douglas Dean SC1181 1 Osheroff Papers Overview Call Number: SC1181 Creator: Osheroff, Douglas D. Title: Douglas Dean Osheroff papers Dates: 1969-2003 Physical Description: 5 Linear feet Summary: Laboratory notebooks. Language(s): The materials are in English. Repository: Department of Special Collections and University Archives Green Library 557 Escondido Mall Stanford, CA 94305-6064 Email: [email protected] Phone: (650) 725-1022 URL: http://library.stanford.edu/spc Information about Access The materials are open for research use. Audio-visual materials are not available in original format, and must be reformatted to a digital use copy. Ownership & Copyright All requests to reproduce, publish, quote from, or otherwise use collection materials must be submitted in writing to the Head of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, California 94305-6064. Consent is given on behalf of Special Collections as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission from the copyright owner. Such permission must be obtained from the copyright owner, heir(s) or assigns. See: http://library.stanford.edu/spc/using-collections/permission-publish. Restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes. Cite As [identification of item], Douglas D.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Annual Report
    2015 AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY ANNUAL TM ADVANCING PHYSICS REPORT TM THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY STRIVES TO Be the leading voice for physics and an authoritative source of physics information for the advancement of physics and the benefit of humanity Collaborate with national scientific societies for the advancement of science, science education, and the science community Cooperate with international physics societies to promote physics, to support physicists worldwide, and to foster international collaboration Have an active, engaged, and diverse membership, and support the activities of its units and members © 2016 American Physical Society During 2015, APS worked to institute the governance objective: “the advancement and diffusion of the knowledge changes approved by the membership in late 2014. In of physics.” APS is fully committed to the principles of OA accordance with the new Constitution & Bylaws, in to the extent that we can continue to support the production February the Board appointed our first Chief Executive of high-quality peer-reviewed journals. For many years APS Officer—Kate Kirby, the former Executive Officer—to has supported “green” OA and we have been fully compliant head the APS. Kate’s major task has been to transition with the 2013 directive from the Office of Science and the management of APS to a CEO model with a Senior Technology Policy that the publications resulting from Management Team. She appointed Mark Doyle as Chief U.S. federally funded research be accessible to the public 12 Information Officer, James Taylor as Chief Operating months after publication. Since APS is a major international Officer, and Matthew Salter as the new Publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Richardson (1937-2013) Discoverer of Superfluidity in Helium-3
    COMMENT OBITUARY Robert Richardson (1937-2013) Discoverer of superfluidity in helium-3. obert Richardson, along with physicist his PhD, he and his young family moved we compressed liquid helium-3 until it David Lee and myself, discovered that to Ithaca, New York, where he became a began to solidify, causing the mixture helium-3, a rare but stable isotope of postdoctoral researcher for David Lee in of liquid and solid to cool. We initially Rhelium, becomes a superfluid when cooled to the low-temperature group at Cornell Univer- (mistakenly) believed that we had pro- a minuscule fraction of a degree above abso- sity. Richardson joined the Cornell faculty in duced magnetic order in the solid helium-3, lute zero. Until that discovery, in the early at about 0.002 Kelvins. In fact, 1970s, the superfluidity effect — in which we had observed a new physical state: a liquid flows without friction — had been superfluidity in liquid helium-3. The seen only in helium-4, whose atoms are three of us shared the 1996 Nobel Prize bosons. No one had been able to produce in Physics for this discovery. the phenomenon with fermions, whose Richardson won or shared many nuclei have spin properties different from awards and honours apart from the Nobel those seen in bosons. prize, including the Sir Francis Simon The discovery astounded the physics Memorial Prize in 1976 and the Oliver E. CORNELL UNIVERSITY PHOTOGRAPHY community, which had all but given up Buckley Condensed Matter Prize in 1981. trying to produce the phenomenon in That year, he was also made a fellow of the helium-3.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Tc Copper Oxide Superconductors and Related Novel Materials Dedicated to Prof
    Springer Series in Materials Science 255 Annette Bussmann-Holder Hugo Keller Antonio Bianconi Editors High-Tc Copper Oxide Superconductors and Related Novel Materials Dedicated to Prof. K. A. Müller on the Occasion of his 90th Birthday Springer Series in Materials Science Volume 255 Series editors Robert Hull, Charlottesville, USA Chennupati Jagadish, Canberra, Australia Yoshiyuki Kawazoe, Sendai, Japan Richard M. Osgood, New York, USA Jürgen Parisi, Oldenburg, Germany Tae-Yeon Seong, Seoul, Korea, (Republic of) Shin-ichi Uchida, Tokyo, Japan Zhiming M. Wang, Chengdu, China The Springer Series in Materials Science covers the complete spectrum of materials physics, including fundamental principles, physical properties, materials theory and design. Recognizing the increasing importance of materials science in future device technologies, the book titles in this series reflect the state-of-the-art in understand- ing and controlling the structure and properties of all important classes of materials. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/856 Annette Bussmann-Holder • Hugo Keller • Antonio Bianconi Editors High-Tc Copper Oxide Superconductors and Related Novel Materials Dedicated to Prof. K. A. Müller on the Occasion of his 90th Birthday Editors Annette Bussmann-Holder Hugo Keller Max-Planck-Institute for Solid Physik-Institut State Research Universita¨tZürich Physik-Institut Stuttgart, Germany Zürich, Switzerland Antonio Bianconi 3RICMASS Rome, Italy ISSN 0933-033X ISSN 2196-2812 (electronic) Springer Series in Materials Science ISBN 978-3-319-52674-4 ISBN 978-3-319-52675-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-52675-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017936954 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • OCTOBER TERM 1994 Reference Index Contents
    jnl94$ind1Ð04-04-96 12:34:32 JNLINDPGT MILES OCTOBER TERM 1994 Reference Index Contents: Page Statistics ....................................................................................... II General .......................................................................................... III Appeals ......................................................................................... III Arguments ................................................................................... III Attorneys ...................................................................................... III Briefs ............................................................................................. IV Certiorari ..................................................................................... IV Costs .............................................................................................. V Judgments and Opinions ........................................................... V Original Cases ............................................................................. V Records ......................................................................................... VI Rehearings ................................................................................... VI Rules ............................................................................................. VI Stays .............................................................................................. VI Conclusion ...................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Professor Douglas Osheroff Stanford University
    Institute for Advanced Study Nobel Lecture Series How Advances in Science are Made Professor Douglas Osheroff Stanford University Abstract: How advances in science are made, and how they may come to benefit mankind at large are complex issues. The discoveries that most influence the way we think about nature seldom can be anticipated, and frequently the applications for new technologies developed to probe a specific characteristic of nature are also seldom clear, even to the inventors of these technologies. One thing is most clear: Seldom are such advances made by individuals alone. Rather, they result from the progress of the scientific community; asking questions, developing new technologies to answer those questions, and sharing their results and their ideas with others. However, there are indeed research strategies that can substantially increase the probability of one’s making a discovery, and the speaker will illustrate some of these strategies in the context of a number of well known discoveries, including the work he did as a graduate student, for which he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1996. About the Speaker: Douglas Osheroff shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with David Lee and Robert Richardson for discovering the superfluidic nature of Helium-3 (3He). This discovery was made in 1971, while he was pursuing his PhD at Cornell. Professor Osheroff worked in the physical research division at Bell Laboratories for 15 years where he became head of the Low Temperature and Solid State Research Department. There, he worked in collaboration on newly discovered superfluid phases of liquid 3He, as well as studied the nature of nuclear spin order in solid 3He and made the first observations of weak localization in thin disordered metallic films.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bulletin Vol. 56
    Vol. 56 - No. 27 August 9, 2002 BNL Scientist Helps Determine Age of New-World Map ’Vinland Map’ parchment predates Columbus’s arrival in North America cientists from BNL, the University of Ari- Szona, and the Smithsonian Institution have used carbon-dating technology to determine the age of a controversial parchment that might be the first-ever map of North America. In a paper to be published in the August 2002 issue of the journal Radiocarbon, the scientists conclude that the parchment of what is called the “Vinland Map” dates to approximately 1434 A.D., or nearly 60 years before Christopher Co- lumbus set foot in the West Indies. “Many scholars have agreed that if the Vinland Map is authentic, then it is the first known carto- graphic representation of North America, and its date would be key in establishing the history of European knowledge of the lands bordering the western Atlantic Ocean,” said Garman Harbottle of the Chemistry Department, the lead BNL re- searcher on the project. “If it is, in fact, a forgery, then the forger was surely one of the most skillful criminals ever to pursue that line of work.” Housed in Yale University’s Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, the map shows Europe — includ- ing Scandinavia — Northern Africa, Asia, and the Far East, all of which were known by 15th-century travelers. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, however, it also shows the “Island of Vinland,” which has been taken to repre- sent an unknown part of present-day Labrador, New- foundland, or Baffin Island. Text on the map reads, in part: “By God's will, after a long voyage from the island of Greenland to the south toward the most distant re- maining parts of the western ocean sea, sailing south- ward amidst the ice, the companions Bjarni and Leif Eiriksson discovered a new land, extremely fertile and even having vines, .
    [Show full text]
  • Report for the Academic Years 1987-88 and 1988-89
    Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEARS 1987-88 AND 1988-89 PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY nijiUfi.CAL ?""l::r"- £90"^ jr^^VTE LIBriARlf THE !f^;STiTUTE FQll AC -.MiEO STUDY PR1NCE70M, FmEW JEfiGcV 08540 AS3G TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 FOUNDERS, TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD AND OF THE CORPORATION 10 • OFFICERS OF THE ADMINISTRATION AND PROFESSOR AT LARGE 1 1 REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN 14 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 19 • FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT 32 REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE FACULTY MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 41 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE SCHOOL MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 51 REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE FACULTY MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 58 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE SCHOOL AND ITS FACULTY MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 64 • REPORT OF THE INSTITUTE LIBRARIES 66 • RECORD OF INSTITUTE EVENTS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1987 - 1988 86 • RECORD OF INSTITUTE EVENTS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1988 - 1989 f:i'S^o FOUNDERS, TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD AND OF THE CORPORATION Foiifidcrs CAROLINE BAMBERGER FULD LOUIS BAMBERGER The Board of Trustees [1987-1989] MARELLA AGNELLI Turin, Italy [1988- ] THORNTON F. BRADSHAW New York, New York [deceased December 6, 1988] CHARLES L. BROWN Princeton, New Jersey FLETCHER L. BYROM Carefree, Arizona GLADYS K. DELMAS New York, New York [ -1988] MICHAEL V. FORRESTAL New York, New York [deceased January 11,1 989] MARVIN L. GOLDBERGER Director Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NewJersey VARTAN GREGORIAN President New York Public Library, New York, New York WILFRIED GUTH Chairman of the Supervisory Board Deutsche Bank AG, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany RALPH E.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Annual Report
    ANNUAL AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY 2019 REPORT OUR MISSION To advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics for the benefit of humanity, promote physics, and serve the broader physics community, we Provide a welcoming and supportive professional home for an active, engaged, and diverse membership; Advance scientific discovery and research dissemination; Advocate for physics and physicists, and amplify the voice for science; Share the excitement of physics and communicate the essential role physics plays in the modern world; and Promote effective physics education for all. Cover image from Comprehensive magnetic phase diagrams of the polar metal Ca3(Ru0.95Fe0.05)2O7 [Shiming Lei et al., Phys. Rev. B 99, 224411 (2019)]. © 2020 AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY During my time in the APS Presidential Line, starting in 2017, I have developed a deep understanding of this dynamic and complex organization, which does far more than just fulfill its objective “to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics”. I am very proud of the APS, its members and its staff and am proud to have served as its president. In early February 2019, we announced the APS Strategic Plan: 2019, which laid out strategic priorities for addressing our challenges and opportunities. During this process I have tried to inspire us to look to the future and to encourage a spirit of experimentation. Some of the specific actions I promoted have gotten underway this year. Highlights include: APS Innovation Fund: This is a strategic investment in new, emerging ideas, from both members and staff, which align with APS priorities. The first grants were awarded in August to four projects that develop new approaches to advancing the interests of the physics community.
    [Show full text]
  • Physics Newsletter 2003.Pdf
    The University of Connecticut 2152 Hillside Road Storrs, CT 06269-3046 DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS NEWS Volume I Issue 7 August, 2003 Norman Ramsey, Katzenstein Distinguished Lecturer Friday, September 5, 2003 Professor Norman F. Ramsey, Emeritus of Harvard, will give the Katzenstein Distinguished Lecture on Friday, September 5, 2003. The title is “Exploring the Universe with Atomic Clocks.” This talk is open to the public. Students in science and engineering are encouraged to attend. Norman Ramsey received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989. His work has many theoretical and practical consequences. The Nobel Foundation has written “The work of the Laureates in Physics has led to a dramatic development in the field of atomic precision spectroscopy in recent years. The resonance method of Professor Norman F. Ramsey, Harvard University, USA, using separated oscillatory fields forms the basis of the cesium atomic clock, which is our present time standard. Ramsey and co-workers have also developed the hydrogen maser, which is at present our most stable source of electromagnetic radiation. The methods have been used in testing fundamental physical principles such as quantum electrodynamics (QED) and the general theory of relativity. Another application is in space communication and for measuring continental drift. The techniques have reached an unprecedented level of precision, and the development does not yet seem to have culminated.” Ramsey was a terrific student from the start, graduating from high school at 15. He went to college at Columbia, graduating in math, and again at Cambridge University, England, graduating in physics. He obtained his physics Ph.D. with I.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents (Print)
    NEWSPAPER Top: Photographs of the initial moments of a collision between two clusters of solid CO2 particles. A jamming front moves across the clusters after the collision. Bottom: Snapshots of a simulation of a collision between two 5000-particle elliptical clusters, showing a similar jamming front. Color indicates velocity; time increases left to right. Selected for an Editors’ Suggestion. [J. C. Burton, P. Y. Lu, and S. R. Nagel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 188001 (2013)] PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS™ Contents Articles published 26 October–1 November 2013 VOLUME 111, NUMBER 18 1 November 2013 Editorials and Announcements Editorial: Review Changes ............................................................................................ 180001 Pierre Meystre General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc. Generation of Massive Entanglement through an Adiabatic Quantum Phase Transition in a Spinor Condensate ...... 180401 Z. Zhang and L.-M. Duan Geometry-Induced Casimir Suspension of Oblate Bodies in Fluids ................................................... 180402 Alejandro W. Rodriguez, M. T. Reid, Francesco Intravaia, Alexander Woolf, Diego A. Dalvit, Federico Capasso, and Steven G. Johnson Matter-Wave Interferometry of a Levitated Thermal Nano-Oscillator Induced and Probed by a Spin ................. 180403 M. Scala, M. S. Kim, G. W. Morley, P.F. Barker, and S. Bose Simple Hardy-Like Proof of Quantum Contextuality .................................................................. 180404 Ada´n Cabello, Piotr Badzia¸g, Marcelo Terra Cunha, and Mohamed Bourennane Experimental Recovery of a Qubit from Partial Collapse . ............................................................ 180501 J. A. Sherman, M. J. Curtis, D. J. Szwer, D. T. Allcock, G. Imreh, D. M. Lucas, and A. M. Steane Gaussian Error Correction of Quantum States in a Correlated Noisy Channel ........................................ 180502 Mikael Lassen, Adriano Berni, Lars S. Madsen, Radim Filip, and Ulrik L.
    [Show full text]