Idéal De Nature Sauvage Et Transformation Des Territorialites Au

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Idéal De Nature Sauvage Et Transformation Des Territorialites Au UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC MEMOIRE PRESENTE A L'UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC A TROIS-RIVIERES COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DE LA MAITRISE EN ETUDES QUEBECOISES PAR OLIVIER CRAIG-DUPONT IDEAL DE NATURE SAUVAGE ET TRANSFORMATION DES TERRITORIALITY'S AU PARC NATIONAL DE LA MAUR1CIE, 1969-1977 DECEMBRE 2008 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-50355-3 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-50355-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privee, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont ete enleves de cette these. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires in the document page count, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. Canada RESUME L'objectif principal de ce memoire est d'analyser les modalites de la construction sociale des pares nationaux. Pour mener cette recherche, je m'appuie sur le cas du pare national qu'implante 1'agence federale Pares Canada pendant les annees 1970 en Mauricie. Je deconstruis l'histoire des paysages du pare national de la Mauricie pour en retracer les bases materielles et symboliques dans le temps et dans l'espace. Je revele les negotiations qui ont eu lieu entre differents acteurs politiques, industriels, scientifiques et populaires autour des contours et objectifs de ce pare, et ce, de 1969 a la fin des annees1970. Une telle analyse en histoire environnementale permet de voir que 1'agence Pares Canada implante sur le territoire mauricien un ideal de nature sauvage qu'elle vehicule depuis les premiers pares nationaux de la fin du XIXe siecle dans les montagnes Rocheuses. Au fil de son histoire, 1'agence federale institutionnalise ces sensibilites pour le sublime sauvage des paysages de l'Ouest. Les pares montagnards des Rocheuses deviennent alors l'aune a laquelle 1'agence Pares Canada mesure le potentiel touristique de ses futurs pares. Cette sensibilite institutionnelle pour le sublime sauvage influence toujours les politiques de Pares Canada en 1970. C'est precisement cet ideal qui oriente la mise en place du pare national en Mauricie. Lors des premieres annees du projet, Pares Canada fait la promotion d'un pare touristique et pittoresque pour cette region aux prises avec des difficultes economiques marquees. Un pare national doit rendre les beautes naturelles de la Mauricie tout aussi lucratives que celles des pares de l'Ouest canadien. iv L'ideal de nature sauvage et grandiose de Pares Canada contredit toutefois plusieurs dimensions biogeophysiques et anthropiques de la territorialite mauricienne, laquelle est marquee par une activite industrielle et recreative pluriseculaire. Pour transformer les paysages humanises de la Mauricie, Pares Canada mobilise l'ecologie scientifique. Par des concepts tires de cette discipline, l'agence federate selectionne les dimensions du paysage local qui doivent composer le pare national de la Mauricie. Cette reinterpretation scientifique du territoire evacue de l'histoire officielle du pare les dimensions anthropiques du paysage mauricien qui contreviennent a l'ideal de nature sauvage des pares nationaux canadiens. Cette transformation de la territorialite mauricienne est source de tensions entre Pares Canada et une partie de la population locale, laquelle est confronted a un pare recreo-scientifique aux symboles et aux usages nouveaux. Pour neutraliser ces tensions, Pares Canada developpe un discours critique sur la necessite d'harmoniser la territorialite mauricienne a 1'exemple que doit etre le pare national pour l'utilisation adequate de l'environnement. Plutot qu'un espace socialement neutre et preserve par le cadre legislatif et scientifique de Pares Canada, le pare national de la Mauricie apparait, au fil de ce memoire, comme un outil de structuration du paysage, de transformation des territorialites locales et d'education populaire aux representations institutionnelles de Pares Canada sur l'environnement. REMERCIEMENTS Mes remerciements vont, en tout premier lieu, a mon directeur d'etude, Stephane Castonguay. Sa rigueur intellectuelle et la clarte de ses idees m'ont souvent fait penser a un de mes heros musicaux, Jean-Sebastien Bach. Sa direction est a l'image du compositeur : severe, rigoureuse, mais empreinte d'une grande humanite et source d'un plaisir intellectuel indeniable. Ma reconnaissance va ensuite a mon directeur d'etude a Saint-Etienne en France, Florian Charvolin. En plus de m'avoir ouvert a des perspectives nouvelles quant a mon objet d'etude, le professeur Charvolin m'initia a des activites fort agreables de la vie intellectuelle francaise, comme les bouteilles de Bordeaux aux dejeuners departementaux. Grace a lui, j'ai pu gouter une joie de vivre toute stephanoise. Mes remerciements vont aussi a tous mes amis et amies qui m'ont soutenu durant mes trois annees d'etudes : Irene Giersch, pour ta patience, ta chaleur et, malgre mon allemand plus qu'approximatif, nos riches discussions; Amelie Goulet et Jean-Francois Tremblay, pour les reality-check et votre exasperation quant a ma tendance monacale; Eliane Schowb et Michel Ross, pour les corrections et les bons conseils; et a tous les autres, merci. vi Ma reconnaissance va ensuite aux chercheurs du Centre quebecois en etudes quebecoises de l'UQTR, lesquels m'ont donne un soutien intellectuel et financier essentiel a la bonne conduite de mes etudes. Je dedie finalement ce memoire a ma famille, sans qui tout cela aurait ete bien difficile. TABLE DES MATIERES RESUME iii REMERCIEMENTS v TABLE DES MATIERES vii LISTE DES FIGURES ix INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPITRE 1 - Historiographie et methodologie 6 • 1. Bilan historiographique 7 1.1. Une historiographie elogieuse de son objet 9 1.2. De la construction sociale de I'environnement 16 2. Un terrain d'enquete : le pare national de laMauricie 22 3. Presentation des sources et methodologie 27 CHAPITRE 2 - Des representations de la nature a Pares Canada ... 32 1. L'ideal fondateur des pares de l'Ouest 34 1.1. Le « conservationnisme » utilitaire au Canada 36 J. 2. James B. Harkin et la reconnaissance legale des beautes sceniques 38 1.3. Lespares nationaux de I'apres-Guerre : les « beautes naturelles » au service du loisir 40 2. Le projet d'un pare national en Mauricie et Finfluence de l'ideal de l'Ouest 46 vin CHAPITRE 3 - Des «beautes naturelles» au Precambrien: l'objectivation scientifiquc des paysages mauriciens 60 1. Un paysage humanise : exploitation des ressources forestieres et fauniques en Mauricie 64 2. La nature sauvage sous tension : pressions recreatives et industrielles 70 3. La reinterpretation scientifique de la territorialite mauricienne 75 3.1. Les plans directeurs comme outil de reinterpretation de I'histoire du territoire 78 3.2. La materialisation de I 'ideal de nature sauvage par I 'ecologie scientifique.. 82 CHAPITRE 4 - Le pare national de la Mauricie: outil d'education et d'encadrement des pratiques locales 91 1. L'integration regionale a Pares Canada : critique de la territorialite locale 95 2. Les audiences publiques comme outil d'education a l'ideal des pares nationaux 103 CONCLUSION 115 BIBLIOGRAPH1E 120 LISTE DES FIGURES FIGURE 1. Tom Thomson, Lepin, 1916 11 FIGURE 2. Le premier commissaire aux pares nationaux canadiens, James B. Harkin, 1875-1955 .38 FIGURE 3. Evolution du nombre de pares nationaux etablis par Pares Canada, 1885-2005 41 FIGURE 4. Caricature sur le chomage et le pare en Mauricie 47 FIGURE 5. Fonds federaux (en $CAN) attribues au developpement de la recreation et des ressources fauniques sous les programmes ARDA et FRED, ler avril 1965 au ler juillet 1968 49 FIGURE 6. Le ministre des Affaires indiennes et du Nord, l'honorable Jean Chretien... 50 FIGURE 7. Visite d'une delegation mauricienne dans les pares de l'Ouest canadien 55 FIGURE 8. Foret typique du pare de la Mauricie, a l'automne 62 FIGURE 9. Exploitations et tenures des terres avant 1972 sur le territoire du pare national de la Mauricie, 1959-1972 65 FIGURE 10. Carte des clubs de chasse et peche qui se partagent le territoire du pare avant 1970 .67 FIGURE 11. Determination des zones de nature sauvage dans l'arriere-pays au pare national de la Mauricie 81 FIGURE 12. Les trente-neuf regions physiographiques du reseau des pares nationaux canadiens 84 FIGURE 13. Enclave au sud du pare national de la Mauricie 108 INTRODUCTION Les institutions gouvernementales presentent souvent les pares nationaux comme des ilots de nature pure et sauvage, encadres par des lois et politiques qui en assurent la protection.
Recommended publications
  • National Capital Commission
    NATIONAL CAPITAL COMMISSION Summary of the Corporate Plan 2016–2017 to 2020–2021 www.ncc-ccn.gc.ca 202–40 Elgin Street, Ottawa, Canada K1P 1C7 Email: [email protected] • Fax: 613-239-5063 Telephone: 613-239-5000 • Toll-free: 1-800-465-1867 TTY: 613-239-5090 • Toll-free TTY: 1-866-661-3530 Unless otherwise noted, all imagery is the property of the National Capital Commission. National Capital Commission Summary of the Corporate Plan 2016–2017 to 2020–2021 Catalogue number: W91-2E-PDF ISSN: 1926-0490 The National Capital Commission is dedicated to building a dynamic, sustainable, inspiring capital that is a source of pride for all Canadians and a legacy for generations to come. NATIONAL CAPITAL COMMISSION ASSETS 10% The National Capital Commission owns over 10 percent of the lands in Canada’s Capital Region, totalling 473 km2, and 20 percent of the lands in the Capital’s core. This makes the National Capital Commission the region’s largest landowner. 361 km2 200 km2 The National Capital Commission is responsible The National Capital Commission is responsible for the management of Gatineau Park, which for the management of the Greenbelt, covers an area of 361 km2. Some 2.7 million which covers an area of 200 km2. The visits are made to Gatineau Park each year. Greenbelt provides 150 kilometres of trails for recreational activities. 106 km 15 The National Capital Commission owns The National Capital Commission manages 106 km of parkways in Ottawa and 15 urban parks and green spaces in the Gatineau Park, as well as over 200 km Capital Region, including Confederation Park, of recreational pathways that are part Vincent Massey Park, Major’s Hill Park and of the Capital Pathway network.
    [Show full text]
  • COMMUNITY CONSERVATION PLAN for the Lac Deschênes – Ottawa River Important Bird Area
    COMMUNITY CONSERVATION PLAN For the Lac Deschênes – Ottawa River Important Bird Area January, 2014 For the Lac Deschênes – Ottawa River Steering Committee Nature Canada Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 Suggested citation .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 The IBA program ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 The Lac Deschênes - Ottawa River IBA ................................................................................................................... 6 Goals of this initiative ............................................................................................................................................... 7 2. IBA Site Information ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 1: Proposed IBA
    [Show full text]
  • Tourisme Outaouais
    OFFICIAL TOURIST GUIDE 2018-2019 Outaouais LES CHEMINS D’EAU THE OUTAOUAIS’ TOURIST ROUTE Follow the canoeist on the blue signs! You will learn the history of the Great River and the founding people who adopted it. Reach the heart of the Outaouais with its Chemins d’eau. Mansfield-et-Pontefract > Mont-Tremblant La Pêche (Wakefield) Montebello Montréal > Gatineau Ottawa > cheminsdeau.ca contents 24 6 Travel Tools regional overview 155 Map 8 Can't-miss Experiences 18 Profile of the Region 58 top things to do 42 Regional Events 48 Culture & Heritage 64 Nature & Outdoor Activities 88 Winter Fun 96 Hunting & Fishing 101 Additional Activities 97 112 Regional Flavours accommodation and places to eat 121 Places to Eat 131 Accommodation 139 useful informations 146 General Information 148 Travelling in Quebec 150 Index 153 Legend of Symbols regional overview 155 Map TRAVEL TOOLS 8 Can't-miss Experiences 18 Profile of the Region Bring the Outaouais with you! 20 Gatineau 21 Ottawa 22 Petite-Nation La Lièvre 26 Vallée-de-la-Gatineau 30 Pontiac 34 Collines-de-l’Outaouais Visit our website suggestions for tours organized by theme and activity, and also discover our blog and other social media. 11 Website: outaouaistourism.com This guide and the enclosed pamphlets can also be downloaded in PDF from our website. Hard copies of the various brochures are also available in accredited tourism Welcome Centres in the Outaouais region (see p. 146). 14 16 Share your memories Get live updates @outaouaistourism from Outaouais! using our hashtag #OutaouaisFun @outaouais
    [Show full text]
  • Gatineau-Park.Pdf
    0312f Brochure_.qxd 5/15/09 1:48 PM Page 1 Libérées des glaciers il y a 10 000 ans, les L’emplacement du parc de la Gatineau, collines de la Gatineau ont été peuplées par les à la jonction du Bouclier canadien et des Autochtones quelque 5 000 ans plus tard. Au fil basses-terres du Saint-Laurent, engendre des des siècles se sont succédé les explorateurs, écosystèmes variés et une riche biodiversité. RENSEIGNEMENTS les marchands de fourrures, les bûcherons, les Ainsi, le Parc est l’un des rares endroits au colons, les industriels. Au début du XXe siècle, Québec offrant une telle diversité d’espèces Centre des visiteurs du parc de la Gatineau les urbanistes de la capitale ont avancé l’idée végétales : on y dénombre pas moins de mille 33, chemin Scott de créer un parc. Par la suite, les pressions espèces de plantes et une cinquantaine Chelsea (Québec) J9B 1R5 exercées par les amants de la nature et les d’essences d’arbres. 819-827-2020 • 1-800-465-1867 • 1-866-661-3530 (ATS) LE DOMAINE MACKENZIE-KING • MACKENZIE KING ESTATE amateurs de plein air pour protéger la faune Tous les jours, de 9 h à 17 h et la flore du milieu ont accéléré la création L’escarpement d’Eardley est le milieu naturel le capitaleducanada.gc.ca/gatineau du parc de la Gatineau. plus riche et le plus fragile du Parc. Haut d’environ Une nature riche et fragile nature Une LA VALLÉE DE L’OUTAOUAIS • OTTAWA VALLEY patrimoine à préserverUn 300 mètres, il présente un microclimat chaud INFORMATION En 1938, le gouvernement canadien a concrétisé et sec.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada's Historic Parks and Green Spaces
    Canada’s Historic Parks and Green Spaces Dating from 1888, the picturesque bandstand is the oldest structure in Victoria’s Beacon Hill Park. It was carefully repaired and restored to its original colours in 2010 for use as a new information kiosk. – 6 HERITAGE 2011 . VOLUME XIV, NUMBER 1 Parks of all sizes offer Canada’s Canadians grand vistas Historic to ponder, clear lakes to swim in, Parks pathways to meander, and manicured gardens to admire and Green impressive structures Spaces to shelter in. BY JAMES CARELESS Canada has protected some of its most mag- nificent natural scen- ery through a system of parks that rivals any in the world. From grand national parks to more modest neighbourhood squares, generations of Canadians have been seeking green spaces, flowers and shade trees Nick Kenrick Nick to enjoy recreational Photo: and cultural activities. Le pittoresque kiosque à musique datant de 1888 est la plus ancienne structure du parc Beacon Hill de Victoria. En 2010, il a été soigneusement réparé et restauré dans ses couleurs d’origine, et il sert maintenant de kiosque d’information. – 2011 HERITAGE . VOLUME XIV, NUMÉRO 1 7 BEACON HILL PARK protecting not just its built features but its cultural and No visit to Victoria, B.C. is complete without a stop at natural landscapes too. The designation meant a herit- historic Beacon Hill Park, where two beacons once stood age impact study was produced before restoration of the on the hill, guiding sailing ships into Victoria Harbour. original 1888 bandstand—the oldest structure in the Located on the southwest side of the city with its south- park—began.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Envisioning the Sir George-Étienne Cartier Parkway: a Linear Park Plan
    Re-Envisioning The Sir George-Étienne Cartier Parkway: A Linear Park Plan School of Urban and Regional Planning Queen’s University The contents of this document do not necessarily represent the views and policies of the National Capital Commission. The contents represent solely the advice and views of the Queen’s University School of Urban and Regional Planning authors as part of the SURP 824 Project Course. ii Re-Envisioning The Sir George-Étienne Cartier Parkway: A Linear Park Plan By Sereen Aboukarr, Daniel Borrelli, Nikita Jariwala, Matthew Lauzon, Holly Newitt, Ranbir Singh, Arjan Soor, Simran Soor, Patricia Warren SURP 824 Project Course December 21st, 2020 School of Urban and Regional Planning Department of Geography and Planning Queen’s University iii Acknowledgements The project team would like to thank: Sylvie Lalonde and Patricia McCann-MacMillan for their expertise and guidance throughout the project, as well as their consistent encouragement. Andrew Sacret for engaging our team throughout the course of the project. The Capital Planning Branch at the National Capital Commission for providing resources, their expertise, and constructive feedback. Dr. David Gordon for his supervision, expertise, and mentorship over the course of the project. We would also like to acknowledge his constant support and coaching during the most pressing moments. Dr. Elizabeth Macdonald for joining us from UC Berkeley to attend our planning workshop and share her expertise in urban design with our team. Her advice and guidance on how to approach the design for this project was instrumental to the production of a successful project. The National Capital Commission for allowing the Queen’s School of Urban and Regional Planning, as well as our project team, the opportunity to participate in this project.
    [Show full text]
  • Ottawa River North Shore Parklands Plan
    Ottawa River North Shore Parklands Plan April 2018 2 Ottawa River North Shore Parklands Plan April 2018 OTTAWA RIVER NORTH SHORE PARKLANDS PLAN 3 National Capital Commission 202–40 Elgin Street, Ottawa, Canada K1P 1C7 Email: [email protected] | Fax: 613-239-5063 Telephone: 613-239-5000 | Toll-free: 1-800-465-1867 TTY: 613-239-5090 | Toll-free TTY: 1-866-661-3530 Unless otherwise noted, all imagery is the property of the National Capital Commission. Unless otherwise noted, the photographs in this document illustrate existing conditions. To reduce environmental impacts, a limited number of printed reports have been produced. In lieu of additional printed copies, a PDF version of this plan can be downloaded For approval by NCC board oF direCtors april 19, 2018 at: www.ncc-ccn.gc.ca VERSION DESCRIPTION DATE 4 Message FroM the CEO t is with great pride that I present the Ottawa River North Shore Parklands Plan. One of the key milestones outlined in the Plan for Canada’s Capital, 2017 - 2067, is the Itransformation of the Capital’s historic riverfronts into vibrant public parklands. This plan will help to realize this vision of improved shoreline access and lively waterfront areas. It provides an opportunity to reimagine and reconnect with the historic river culture that once defined the Capital, from the earliest Indigenous encampments, to the fur trade on “the original Trans-Canada Highway,” to the booming lumber industry that literally put the Capital on the map. This plan is the result of an extensive dialogue with many stakeholders in the public and private sectors, as well as the Indigenous community and shoreline property owners.
    [Show full text]
  • Upcoming Events
    MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT H U L L - AYLMER @GregFergusLiberal @GregFergus @GregFergus Dear friends, Upcoming Events First of all, let me thank all those of you who reached out to share your feedback on these personal essays. They are but one of M.P. Townhall: Building the ways I try to help give you insight into my role as your Member of Parliament and the issues that I face daily. Although I try to introduce these issues with dry humour, the issue that I want to share with you today could not be more serious: how we Closer Ties on Both Sides speak to each other – as neighbours, citizens, and particularly as responsible politicians. of the Ottawa River May 13, 2019, 7pm We must always seek to be more thoughtful and truthful about how we talk with each other. It is everyone’s business to bring Grande salle - Université du people together. Building bridges does not mean engaging in mindless correctness – the kind of speech that is so tentative that it Québec en Outaouais loses most of its meaning or truthfulness. It means seeking ways to invite others to join the conversation. It means listening 283 Alexandre-Taché Blvd. attentively to others, as well as finding ways to truly express yourself. This latter point is important. As my mother used to tell me, I have two ears and one mouth so I should use them in at least that proportion. Thinking before speaking can save a lot of grief. 10km Morning Run with Greg May 18, 2019, 8am For example, in February one city councillor made remarks to a local paper that conflated acts of terrorism with our own Parc Moussette Muslim community’s efforts to integrate in the Outaouais.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Parks
    Quebec National Parks Québec has 29 national parks distributed throughout its territory,from Abitibi-Témiscamingue to the far reaches of the Gaspésie. A number are located near major urban centers. With their dierent locations, topographies, plants, and wildlife, each park possesses a unique personality and oers an astonishing variety of landscapes and natural and historic sites. All of the parks feature top quality equipment, infrastructures, hiking trails, and picnic areas. Nature guides oer nature discovery activities, and in most parks recreational and sporting equipment is available for rent. The following table indicates the main outdoor activities at each park. They provide an opportunity for visitors to relax and reenergize in a protected natural environment while respecting the integrity of the local ecosystems. Note: An entrance fee is charged at all parks, except Gatineau Park. REF Activities Gatineau Park L 05 Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park A 35 Parc national d’Aiguebelle F 02 Parc national d’Anticosti C 17 Parc national de Frontenac J 31 Parc national de la Gaspésie F 16 Parc national de la Jacques-Cartier I 10 Parc national de la Pointe-Taillon F 09 Parc national de la Yamaska L 26 Parc nat. de l’Île-Bonaventure-et-du-Rocher-Percé F 18 Parc national de Miguasha (UNESCO heritage site) G 16 Parc national de Plaisance L 06 Parc national des Grands-Jardins H 11 Parc nat. des Hautes-Gorges-de-la-Rivière-Malbaie A 33 Parc national des Îles-de-Boucherville K 24 Parc national des Monts-Valin G 11 Parc national des Pingualuit A 10 Parc national d’Oka K 22 Parc national du Bic G 13 La Mauricie National Park of Canada E 26 Parc national du Canada de Forillon F 18 Parc national du Lac-Témiscouata H 13 Parc nat.
    [Show full text]
  • Tactical Integrated Forest Development Plan 2018–2023 Outaouais
    TACTICAL INTEGRATED FOREST DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2018–2023 applicable to forest management units 071-51, 071-52, 072-51, 073-51, 073- 52 and 074-51 - Outaouais Region Produced by Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs Direction de la gestion des forêts de l'Outaouais Direction générale du secteur sud-ouest 16 impasse de la Gare-Talon, RC 100 Gatineau, Québec J8T 0B1 This publication is designed for two-sided printing. It can only be found at: https://mffp.gouv.qc.ca/forets/amenagement/planification-forestiere/outaouais.jsp © Gouvernement du Québec Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs Tactical Integrated Forest Development Plan Outaouais Region UA 071-51, 071-52, 072-51, 073-51, 073-52, 074-51 Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................... VII List of Figures .............................................................................................................. IX List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................... X Glossary ..................................................................................................................... XIV Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 PART 1: GENERAL INFORMATION .............................................................................. 2 1. Legal background ....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Rotting Heart of Gatineau Park: How and Why the Kingsmere-Meech Lake Privatopia Prevented a National Park Near Canada's Ca
    The rotting heart of Gatineau Park: How and why the Kingsmere-Meech Lake privatopia prevented a national park near Canada’s capital by Michael Christopher Lait A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology in Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2017 Michael Christopher Lait Lait (draft do not cite) I Abstract First proposed in 1913, Gatineau Park could have been the first national park east of the Rocky Mountains, the first in Quebec, and the first near-urban national park in Canada. Ultimately, the Quebec government proved unwilling to cede territory to the federal government, and the park proposal was shelved. In 1938, the Mackenzie King government responded to a public campaign organized by local cottagers and the Ottawa Ski Club by establishing the “Gatineau Park.” Newspapers announced the creation of a national park, and the first expropriations were carried out under this pretense. Gatineau Park is a failed national park. This study shows that federal authorities not only proceeded to establish a park without the consent of the Quebec government, they also failed to consolidate territorial control. My analysis addresses the question of how and why this national park failed, and documents the influence of the Meech Lake Association (MLA) and Kingsmere Property Owners’ Association (KPOA) on the park’s creation, development, and management. I argue that the park’s status as a “mixed- use/ownership area” represents a provisional achievement of these property owners’ associations.
    [Show full text]
  • Celebrating Canadian Capitals
    TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to book: Reservations may be made through Danielle at the CAA Thorold office. A non- CELEBRATING refundable deposit of $250 per person due at time of booking. Balance is due by April 10, 2017. Cancellation charges: Deposits are non-refundable, name changes permitted up to day of CANADIAN CAPITALS departure. Cancellation insurance is available. Should it be necessary to cancel your trip prior to departure, the following penalties will apply: with George & Lorna Huber 60 days or more prior Deposit non-refundable 59 to 30 days prior 50 % non-refundable 29 to 0 days prior 100% non-refundable July 12 to 21, 2017 Prices: All prices on this flyer are in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise stated, are based on July 26 to August 4, 2017 August 1, 2016 contract rates, and are subject to change should currencies fluctuate or surcharge be imposed. Local laws and customs: The Ontario government requires that we advise anyone travelling outside Ontario that there are many different living standards and practices outside your home, including accommodation, provision of utilities such as water, electricity, preparation of food, etc. To have an enjoyable vacation, we recommend that you discuss the relevant customs of the country you will be visiting with your travel agent and/or the destination Tourist Board or Consulate. Responsibility and liability: CAA Tuxedo Tours have made arrangements in this flyer with tour companies, hotels, airlines, and coach lines. Each company has its own terms and conditions for doing business and you will be bound by them. CAA Tuxedo Tours accepts no responsibility for the acts and omissions of any of the above companies other than CAA Tuxedo Tours and their employees.
    [Show full text]