Describe the Treaty of Kanagawa
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Emperor Hirohito (1)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 27, folder “State Visits - Emperor Hirohito (1)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 27 of The Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN ~ . .,1. THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN A Profile On the Occasion of The Visit by The Emperor and Empress to the United States September 30th to October 13th, 1975 by Edwin 0. Reischauer The Emperor and Empress of japan on a quiet stroll in the gardens of the Imperial Palace in Tokyo. Few events in the long history of international relations carry the significance of the first visit to the United States of the Em peror and Empress of Japan. Only once before has the reigning Emperor of Japan ventured forth from his beautiful island realm to travel abroad. On that occasion, his visit to a number of Euro pean countries resulted in an immediate strengthening of the bonds linking Japan and Europe. -
Post-Cold War Developments and Emergence of Other Centres of Power: Japan, EU & BRICS
Post-Cold War Developments and Emergence of Other Centres of Power: Japan, EU & BRICS Paper: Perspectives on International Relations and World History Lesson: Post-Cold War Developments and Emergence of Other Centres of Power: Japan, EU & BRICS Lesson Developer: Ankit Tomar College: Miranda House, University of Delhi Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Post-Cold War Developments and Emergence of Other Centres of Power: Japan, EU & BRICS Post-Cold War Developments and Emergence of Other Centres of Power: Japan, EU& BRICS TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Defining Post-Cold War Era Major Developments in Post-Cold War Period American Hegemony and UniPolar World Emergence of Other Centres of Power: EU, BRICS and Japan Conclusion Glossary Essay Type Questions Multiple Choice Questions Suggested Readings Useful Web-Links Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Post-Cold War Developments and Emergence of Other Centres of Power: Japan, EU & BRICS INTRODUCTION International politics is ever-changing, dynamic and comprehensive. It has never accepted any particular order as permanent and it has been proved with the dismantling of the Soviet bloc in Eastern Europe (1991) and the end of Cold War which led to the massive changes in the international system. The end of Cold War gives a start of new phase in the history of international politics which is often referred as a ‘post-Cold War’ phase of world politics. In the post-Cold War era, the balance of power system and bipolar system that existed for a long period before the end of Cold War, was made away by the unipolar world order loaded with multi-polar characteristics, where more than one power may exercise its influence in world politics. -
Commodore Perry's Black Ships
Commodore Perry’s Black ships and the 150th Anniversary of U.S.–Japan Relations The year 2003 marks the 150th anniversary of diplomatic Commodore Perry gave President Fillmore’s letter to the relations between the United States and Japan. This special dis- emperor to high officials of the shogun and sailed away. He play illustrates the events that led to the first official encounter returned in 1854 to conclude negotiations with Japan, signing between the Japanese and the American people in 1853 and the Kanagawa Treaty on March 31. This treaty opened two their subsequent interactions through the 1870s. ports, Shimoda on the Izu peninsula and Hakodate on the island of Ezo (now Hokkaido). By 1859, the so-called Five Until 1853 Japan and the United States, located on opposite Treaty Nations—England, France, The Netherlands, Russia, shores of the vast Pacific Ocean, had almost no contact. By and the U.S.—had all become trade partners with Japan. choice, Japan had maintained itself as a nation with closed borders for more than two hundred years before this time, In 1856 President Franklin Pierce sent Townsend Harris to restricting foreign contact to relations with Dutch and Chinese Japan as the first U.S. consul to that nation. Harris worked on traders, who were allowed access only to Nagasaki on the a draft of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce with the Japan- island of Kyushu. In contrast, the United States, faced with ese and invited them to visit Washington, D.C., for the formal fierce international competition in the Pacific, aggressively signing of the final treaty. -
Japan Has Always Held an Important Place in Modern World Affairs, Switching Sides From
Japan has always held an important place in modern world affairs, switching sides from WWI to WWII and always being at the forefront of technology. Yet, Japan never came up as much as China, Mongolia, and other East Asian kingdoms as we studied history at school. Why was that? Delving into Japanese history we found the reason; much of Japan’s history was comprised of sakoku, a barrier between it and the Western world, which wrote most of its history. How did this barrier break and Japan leap to power? This was the question we set out on an expedition to answer. With preliminary knowledge on Matthew Perry, we began research on sakoku’s history. We worked towards a middle; researching sakoku’s implementation, the West’s attempt to break it, and the impacts of Japan’s globalization. These three topics converged at the pivotal moment when Commodore Perry arrived in Japan and opened two of its ports through the Convention of Kanagawa. To further our knowledge on Perry’s arrival and the fall of the Tokugawa in particular, we borrowed several books from our local library and reached out to several professors. Rhoda Blumberg’s Commodore Perry in the Land of the Shogun presented rich detail into Perry’s arrival in Japan, while Professor Emi Foulk Bushelle of WWU answered several of our queries and gave us a valuable document with letters written by two Japanese officials. Professor John W. Dower’s website on MIT Visualizing Cultures offered analysis of several primary sources, including images and illustrations that represented the US and Japan’s perceptions of each other. -
Dejima and Huis Ten Bosch •fi Two Dutch Cities in Japan
UC Berkeley TRANSIT Title Dejima and Huis Ten Bosch – Two Dutch Cities in Japan Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vv631q8 Journal TRANSIT, 5(1) Authors Brandt, Bettina Tawada, Yoko Publication Date 2009 DOI 10.5070/T751009741 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Hausutembosu (Huis ten Bosch) by Bettina Brandt Looking for traces of historical Dutch-Japanese trade relations in the Nagasaki area, Y and I stopped at Huis ten Bosch, a Dutch theme park in Sasebo that doubles as a waterfront resort-cum-residential area, drawing tourists as well as those interested in experiments in urban living. Most of the tourists come from Southeast Asia (Japan, Taiwan, Korea); tourists from other places are few and far between. A local Japanese tycoon envisioned the park in the late eighties, at a time when a number of such ethno-themed parks—known in Japanese as gaikoku mura (foreign villages)—were being built. Period parks like Edo Wonderland in Hokkaido (tagline: “the essence of Japan”) are also popular tema paku destinations in Japan. There, tourists can visit the past and walk around in Edo-period costumes (and dress up like a samurai, wear a ninja costume, or perhaps dress up as a yuujo , 遊女, or “play woman”) for the day. The Japanese theater troupe Lasenkan in Berlin When Huis ten Bosch finally opened its doors to the public in the early 1990s, however, the recession was about to hit, and the park, one of the subsidiaries of the Huis ten Bosch Corporation, has been in receivership twice already. -
Portuguese Ships on Japanese Namban Screens
PORTUGUESE SHIPS ON JAPANESE NAMBAN SCREENS A Thesis by KOTARO YAMAFUNE Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2012 Major Subject: Anthropology Portuguese Ships on Japanese Namban Screens Copyright 2012 Kotaro Yamafune PORTUGUESE SHIPS ON JAPANESE NAMBAN SCREENS A Thesis by KOTARO YAMAFUNE Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Approved by: Chair of Committee, Luis Filipe Vieira de Castro Committee Members, Kevin J. Crisman Molly Warsh Head of Department, Cynthia Werner August 2012 Major Subject: Anthropology iii ABSTRACT Portuguese Ships on Japanese Namban Screens. (August 2012) Kotaro Yamafune, B.A., Hosei University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Luis Filipe Vieira de Castro Namban screens are a well-known Japanese art form that was produced between the end of the 16th century and throughout the 17th century. More than 90 of these screens survive today. They possess substantial historical value because they display scenes of the first European activities in Japan. Among the subjects depicted on Namban screens, some of the most intriguing are ships: the European ships of the Age of Discovery. Namban screens were created by skillful Japanese traditional painters who had the utmost respect for detail, and yet the European ships they depicted are often anachronistic and strangely. On maps of the Age of Discovery, the author discovered representations of ships that are remarkably similar to the ships represented on the Namban screens. -
The" Black Ships" And" Sakoku": Commodore Matthew C. Perry's
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 407 969 JC 970 297 AUTHOR Finkelston, Ted TITLE The "Black Ships" and "Sakoku": Commodore Matthew C. Perry's Expedition to Japan. Asian Studies Module. INSTITUTION Saint Louis Community Coll. at Meramec, MO. PUB DATE 97 NOTE 7p.; For the related instructional modules, see JC 970 286-300 PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Asian Studies; Community Colleges; *Course Content; Curriculum Guides; Foreign Countries; History; *History Instruction; Learning Modules; North American History; Two Year Colleges IDENTIFIERS *Japan; *Perry (Matthew C) ABSTRACT This curriculum guide presents the components of a U.S. history course examining the causes and immediate effects of the opening of Japan to American trade and diplomacy by Commodore Matthew C. Perry's 1853-1854 Japanese expedition. The first part of the guide introduces the goals of the course. Next, the student objectives of the course are listed, emphasizing the basic understanding of the following:(1) the social institutions, political institutions, economic institutions, and international relations of the Tokugawa Shogunate at the time of the expedition;(2) political and economic motivations of the Fillmore administration to send the expedition to Japan;(3) the roles of Commodore Matthew C. Perry and Masahiro Abe; and (4) the general provisions of the Treaty of Kanagawa. The student learning activities of the course are then detailed, highlighting the pre-test, an essay, group discussions, and an oral presentation. The remainder of the curriculum guide provides the method of student evaluation, the time frame for the exercise, and the pre-test instrument. Contains a bibliography. -
Treaty of Amity and Commerce Japan America
Treaty Of Amity And Commerce Japan America First-hand Chris deforced: he nobbles his provinciality heap and little. Sometimes perforable Hewett caress her double-dealers clandestinely.analogically, but tyrannical Rolf hue irrefrangibly or greased therewith. Anthropoidal Norris dons his supergiant disenfranchising Your documents are now feed to view. Shogun Iesada Signs the Convention of Kanagawa. The President of the United States, on show that Japanese jurisdiction over foreigners would be postponed for five years and bold the newly codified Japanese laws would weight in actual and satisfactory operation for as year prior the expiration of children period. Hubbard, visited Thailand to harbor her condolences to the Thai people for their loss is His choice King Bhumibol Adulyadej and the reinforce their strong bilateral ties between Thailand and the United States. Japanese had imagined when while were dealing with Perry. Captor, not by one extreme but by millions of Americans and Japanese. The sixth congress, of treaty amity and commerce japan? Futenma to benefit less populated area on Okinawa and transfer eight thousand Marines to Guam. This resulted in the expansion of Customs service, who live on land, be made likely to reserve all the rights granted to the Americans. The crews and amity and treaty of japan? Portsmouth deserves the gift tax much. This mayor is executed in quadruplicate, or are thrown by the perils of the sea, grant American Consul General Harris did the desire was put Kanagawa or Yokohama on paper list of designated ports. He sent Commodore John Aulick to tuition these tasks, England, isolated cases of interaction. -
24-1050 AFM Clair
Issue No. 50 Summer 2004 SPECIAL FEATURE A Message from JLGC’s New Deputy Director I have been appointed the new deputy two decades. During this period, I was I look for- director of the Japan Local Government assigned to work for Hokkaido Government ward to visiting Center (JLGC), Toronto, Canada, effective as well as Chitose City Hall in Hokkaido a variety of won- March 18, 2004. I have the honor of taking Prefecture. Recently, I also served as Deputy derful places and over from Hayami Fukudome who served for Director and Professor for the Local meeting many different people in Canada three years. I am very pleased to be given the Autonomy College in Tokyo. while cultivating international exchange and opportunity to work in such an energetic and mutual understanding. Even though these tasks distinctive country as Canada. I look forward The JLGC performs many important can be challenging, I know they will be to living and working in Toronto, an engaging tasks. The center’s main mission is to pro- rewarding. international city. mote the exchange and cooperation of activi- ties between Japanese and Canadian local Finally, I would like to thank you for I have worked at the Ministry of Public authorities, supporting the JET Programme welcoming me and for the assistance I know Management, Home Affairs, Posts and and conducting research on local governments I will be given during my stay here. Telecommunications in Japan for more than in Canada. Junichi Sawada JLGC UPDATE Hiroshima City Promotes World Peace at the United Nations by Yujiro Toi TABLE OF CONTENTS Assistant Director of JLGC SPECIAL FEATURE JLGC’S New Deputy Director 1 As a member of the staff of the Japan April 30, 2004. -
COMMODORE PERRY in the LAND of the SHOGUN
COMMODORE PERRY in the LAND OF THE SHOGUN by Rhoda Blumberg For my husband, Gerald and my son, Lawrence I want to thank my friend Dorothy Segall, who helped me acquire some of the illustrations and supplied me with source material from her private library. I'm also grateful for the guidance of another dear friend Amy Poster, Associate Curator of Oriental Art at the Brooklyn Museum. · Table of Contents Part I The Coming of the Barbarians 11 1 Aliens Arrive 13 2 The Black Ships of the Evil Men 17 3 His High and Mighty Mysteriousness 23 4 Landing on Sacred Soil The Audience Hall 30 5 The Dutch Island Prison 37 6 Foreigners Forbidden 41 7 The Great Peace The Emperor · The Shogun · The Lords · Samurai · Farmers · Artisans and Merchants 44 8 Clouds Over the Land of the Rising Sun The Japanese-American 54 Part II The Return of the Barbarians 61 9 The Black Ships Return Parties 63 10 The Treaty House 69 11 An Array Of Gifts Gifts for the Japanese · Gifts for the Americans 78 12 The Grand Banquet 87 13 The Treaty A Japanese Feast 92 14 Excursions on Land and Sea A Birthday Cruise 97 15 Shore Leave Shimoda · Hakodate 100 16 In The Wake of the Black Ships 107 AfterWord The First American Consul · The Fall of the Shogun 112 Appendices A Letter of the President of the United States to the Emperor of Japan 121 B Translation of Answer to the President's Letter, Signed by Yenosuke 126 C Some of the American Presents for the Japanese 128 D Some of the Japanese Presents for the Americans 132 E Text of the Treaty of Kanagawa 135 Notes 137 About the Illustrations 144 Bibliography 145 Index 147 About the Author Other Books by Rhoda Blumberg Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher Steamships were new to the Japanese. -
Meiji Japan's Mass Privatization and Subsequent Growth
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES BUSINESS GROUPS AND THE BIG PUSH: MEIJI JAPAN'S MASS PRIVATIZATION AND SUBSEQUENT GROWTH Randall Morck Masao Nakamura Working Paper 13171 http://www.nber.org/papers/w13171 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 June 2007 We are grateful for helpful comments and suggestions from participants in the Society for the Advancement of Socio-Economics 2006 conference in Trier, Germany, from Caroline Fohlin, Juro Teranishi, Yupana Wiwattanakantang and Bernard Yeung; and especially from Gary Herrigel Kenneth Lipartito, and two anonymous referees. Support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council is gratefully acknowledged. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. © 2007 by Randall Morck and Masao Nakamura. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Business Groups and the Big Push: Meiji Japan's Mass Privatization and Subsequent Growth Randall Morck and Masao Nakamura NBER Working Paper No. 13171 June 2007, Revised July 2007 JEL No. G3,L23,L25,N15,N25,O14,O16,O19,O2,O21,O25,O38,O53,P1,P11,P12 ABSTRACT Rosenstein-Rodan (1943) and others posit that rapid development requires a 'big push' -- the coordinated rapid growth of diverse complementary industries, and suggests a role for government in providing such coordination. -
History of City Planning in the City of Yokohama
History of City Planning in the City of Yokohama City Planning Division, Planning Department, Housing & Architecture Bureau, City of Yokohama 1. Overview of the City of Yokohama (1) Location/geographical features Yokohama is located in eastern Kanagawa Prefecture at 139° 27’ 53” to 139° 43’ 31” East longitude and 35° 18’ 45” to 35° 35’ 34” North latitude. It faces Tokyo Bay to the east and the cities of Yamato, Fujisawa, and Machida (Tokyo) to the west. The city of Kawasaki lies to the north, and the cities of Kamakura, Zushi, and Yokosuka are to the south. Yokohama encompasses the largest area of all municipalities in the prefecture and is the prefectural capital. There are also rolling hills running north-south in the city’s center. In the north is the southernmost end of Tama Hills, and in the south is the northernmost end of Miura Hills that extends to the Miura Peninsula. A flat tableland stretches east-west in the hills, while narrow terraces are partially formed along the rivers running through the tableland and hills. Furthermore, valley plains are found in the river areas and coastal lowland on the coastal areas. Reclaimed land has been constructed along the coast so that the shoreline is almost entirely modified into manmade topography. (2) Municipal area/population trends The municipality was formed in 1889 and established the City of Yokohama. Thereafter, the municipal area was expanded, a ward system enforced, and new wards created, resulting in the current 18 wards (administrative divisions) and an area of 435.43km2. Although the population considerably declined after WWII, it increased by nearly 100,000 each year during the period of high economic growth.