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Les Réfugiés Acadiens En France (1758-1785) : L'impossible Réintégration ?

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Les Réfugiés Acadiens En France (1758-1785) : L'impossible Réintégration ? INSTITUT UNIVERSITAIRE EUROPÉEN Département d'Histoire et de Civilisation Les Réfugiés acadiens en France (1758-1785) : l'impossible réintégration ? Jean-François MOUHOT Volume II : Annexes Thèse soumise à l'approbation du jury en vue de l'obtention du doctorat d'Histoire et Civilisation de l'Institut Universitaire Européen Florence, octobre 2005 Sommaire ANNEXE 1 : PRÉSENTATION DE LA BASE DE DONNÉES DOCUMENTAIRE .................................... 3 ANNEXE 2 : CORRESPONDANCE ENTRE EXILÉS ACADIENS (1757-1785)........................................ 13 ANNEXE 3 : QUARANTE AUTRES DOCUMENTS INÉDITS ................................................................... 47 ANNEXE 4 : GLOSSAIRE .............................................................................................................................. 113 ANNEXE 5 : LA LOUISIANE, DESTINATION RÊVÉE DES ACADIENS ?........................................... 120 ANNEXE 6 : UN ESSAI COMPARATIF : LES RÉFUGIÉS CANADIENS À LOCHES ET EN TOURAINE À LA FIN DU XVIIIE SIÈCLE ................................................................................................. 135 ANNEXE 7 : RÉFÉRENCES DES DOCUMENTS COMPTABILISÉS DANS LES FIGURES GRAPHIQUES.................................................................................................................................................. 151 ANNEXE 8 : NOTICES BIOGRAPHIQUES................................................................................................. 153 ANNEXE 9 : QUELQUES REPÈRES CHRONOLOGIQUES.................................................................... 161 ANNEXE 10 : CARTES ................................................................................................................................... 163 ANNEXE 11 : TABLEAU DES MARIAGES ACADIENS........................................................................... 168 ANNEXE 12 : LOGEMENTS DES ACADIENS EN FRANCE ................................................................... 170 BIBLIOGRAPHIE............................................................................................................................................ 183 ARCHIVES CONSULTÉES............................................................................................................................ 206 INDEX................................................................................................................................................................ 270 TABLES............................................................................................................................................................. 278 2 Annexe 1 : Présentation de la base de données documentaire Les documents collectés dans le cadre de mes recherches doctorales et accompagnant cette thèse sont présentés sur un site internet à l'adresse http://jfmouhot.free.fr. L'accès est restreint mais le jury peut y accéder grâce aux codes suivants : nom d'utilisateur : jury ; mot de passe : AKdi1 (bien respecter les minuscules et majuscules). Le texte de cette annexe se retrouve, à quelques variantes près, sur le site internet1. Les documents signalés dans ma thèse peuvent tous être retrouvés sur ce site internet grâce à la date systématiquement indiquée sous la forme [AAAA-MM-JJ], éventuellement suivie d'une lettre (a, b, c, d, etc…) lorsque plusieurs documents sont datés du même jour. Ces documents proviennent d'une base de données constituée pour les besoins de ma thèse au cours des cinq dernières années selon les principes et les critères expliqués ci-dessous. La date indiquée sous cette forme est le plus souvent celle apparaissant sur le document. Il peut toutefois s'agir parfois de dates approximatives : elles sont alors indiquées sous la forme [AAAA-00-00 ou AAAA-MM-00]. C'est souvent le cas lorsque aucune date n'apparaît sur le document lui-même et que j'ai dû estimer au plus juste la période de rédaction. Dans certains autres cas, une seconde date figure à côté de la première. Il peut soit s'agir d'une deuxième date possible pour le même document, ou d'une date qui a un rapport avec ce document (par exemple la réponse à une lettre initiale peut comporter une indication du jour de rédaction de la première lettre). Dans d'autres cas encore (par exemple lorsqu'une fiche est le résumé de plusieurs manuscrits) la date peut correspondre au premier document (c'est le cas par exemple de la fiche 1758-11-00a), ou à celui que j'ai jugé le plus intéressant. On peut encore trouver des documents datés de 1790 mais évoquant des faits remontant à 1758 (par exemple). Dans certaines rares situations, j'ai mis comme première date celle des événements narrés dans le document, et non celle de rédaction du document lui-même, ceci pour des raisons de repérage et de mise en perspective des documents. Bref, l'utilisateur ne doit pas s'étonner outre mesure si le champ "date" donne des indications parfois un peu curieuses. Autres précisions : il me semble intéressant de profiter des nouvelles technologies pour permettre aux lecteurs de ma thèse de se reporter – s'ils le désirent – aux documents qui y sont cités. Cela permet à ceux qui le souhaitent à la fois de vérifier les informations et de les replacer dans leur contexte. Mais cette base de données était au départ un simple outil de travail que je n'avais pas envisagé dans un premier temps de rendre publique. Pour cette raison, je demande de l'indulgence aux utilisateurs pour les fautes ou erreurs qui subsistent et qu'il était impossible de re-vérifier systématiquement en raison de l'ampleur de la documentation. Il peut subsister également dans le corps du texte des documents, des mentions ajoutées le plus souvent entre crochets et qui sont des remarques personnelles, sous forme de notes ou rédigées seulement en partie. Idem en ce qui concerne le champ indiqué "notes", qui, la plupart du temps, contient des informations "en vrac" qui peuvent être utiles au lecteur, mais qui paraîtront parfois obscures. J'ai également laissé un champ comprenant différents mot-clés à usage personnel qui m'ont permis l'indexation de fiches suivant les thèmes de mon étude (je peux à l'aide de mots-clés retrouver par exemple tous les documents 1 Je remercie mon frère, Pierre-Etienne Mouhot, pour le temps qu'il a consacré à la mise en ligne de ces documents 3 relatifs au paiement des secours, au regroupement des Acadiens, ou encore toutes les fiches concernant une ville particulière, comme Saint-Malo) Enfin, j'ai supprimé de cette présentation en ligne des champs qui existaient dans la base de données relationnelle originale. Par exemple, les documents sont liés dans la version originale avec les individus mentionnés dans le corps du texte. Ces individus constituent à leur tour une seconde base de données qui n'a pas été mise en ligne. La recherche par individu n'est donc pas possible de cette manière, mais on peut toujours rechercher dans les fiches le ou les champs qui comportent par exemple le nom "Boudrot". Note importante : Le "corps" de cette base de données est constitué d'environ 1 500 documents datant de la période septembre 1758 – décembre 1785. Les documents antérieurs à cette date (environ 80 qui ne sont pas comptabilisés dans les 1 500 pièces évoquées ci-dessus) sont souvent constitués d'items glanés dans des sources de seconde main et de notes diverses ayant pour but de fixer la chronologie des événements. Pour la période postérieure à 1785 (plus souvent 1789), les pièces sont essentiellement issues de recherches originales faites par mes soins, mais en général, faute de temps, elles ne sont pas résumées. Au total la base contenait, tous documents et toutes périodes confondus, 1880 fiches (septembre 2005). Conseils de recherche La navigation dans la base de données peut se faire de plusieurs façons. Un menu déroulant à gauche de la page permet un accès direct à chaque document par la date unique correspondante. Il est également possible de rechercher directement un document en définissant un terme de recherche dans un champ correspondant ou dans tous les champs à la fois. On peut ainsi rechercher tous les documents provenant des Archives nationales (recherche : "AN" dans "Références"), ou tous les documents contenant le mot "nation" dans le champ "Texte". Les mots recherchés sont ensuite automatiquement surlignés dans le document pour faciliter le repérage. Il est également toujours possible d'utiliser la fonction "rechercher" du navigateur (internet explorer, par exemple) afin de repérer ce mot ou d'autres dans la page affichée. Méthode de constitution de la base de données En raison de l'extrême dispersion des sources (je me suis rendu personnellement dans vingt- huit centres d'archives différents et j'ai consulté sur microfilms ou photocopies des documents provenant d'encore seize autres lieux, sans compter les multiples documents retranscrits dans de nombreux inventaires d'archives tels que les "Rapports des Archives Publiques du Canada" (RAPC) et les "Rapports de l'Archiviste de la Province de Québec" (RAPQ), le site internet http://www.archivescanadafrance.org ou dans diverses autres publications2) il m'est apparu assez rapidement que j'avais besoin d'un outil pour organiser ce matériel, permettre les recoupements, les recherches de fréquences et en texte intégral, lier de manière efficace les photographies numériques des documents que je prenais dans les centres d'archives et la transcription de ce document, mettre en rapport les pièces reçues et celles envoyées (qui ne se 2 Voir la rubrique "Sources primaires imprimées" de la
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