PSC Meeting of GEF/UNDP Project on Scaling up SDS-SEA Implementation 2018

Indonesia Case Study Facilitating the Development of the Ciletuh- Geopark in Sukabumi , Indonesia through ICM

Mr. Dida Migfar Ridha Director of Marine and Coastal Degradation Control Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia Indonesia – The Largest Ocean Nation

Indonesia – The largest ocean nations, with 5.8 M km.sq of ocean area, connecting more than 13,483 islands, a large social-ecological system with more than 25 M people Indonesia – The Largest Ocean Nation

The Challenges

Coastal Governance Index

The Economist (2015) Major challenges :

•Natural resources degradation •River and coastal pollution •Declining of fisheries production •Coastal Ecosystem degradation •Coastal tourism development •Marine protected area management efficiency •Coastal community health sanitation ICM Initiatives in Indonesia

1st phase (1999-2009) – establishing framework for ICM 2nd phase (2016-2020) – SDS SEA Programs at 6 sites

Bontang

PEMSEA SDS-SEA Learning Sites and Scaling up Sites 2016-2020 in Indonesia East Lombok SemarangBali Sukabumi ICM Learning sites involvement on each site :

IPB : Regencies of Tangerang and Sukabumi Univ. of Diponegoro : City Univ. of Udayana : Bali Province Univ. of : East Lombok Univ. of Mulawarman : Bontang City Bontang

Tangerang Lombok Timur SemarangBali Sukabumi PEMSEA SDS-SEA Learning Sites and Scaling up Sites 2017-2019 in Indonesia

1. Empowering ICM Coordinating Mechanisms :

- Setting up of PCC/PMO at each sites : Sukabumi, Bontang, Tangerang - Technical Extension of routine/regular meeting of PCC/PMO: 2017-2018 - Training on ICM (High Level and LG) : Tangerang and Bontang - Study State of the Coast on each site : Semester 2 2018 - Study Risk and Vulnerability Assessment on each site : Mangrove Conservation for Tangerang, Sea Turtle Conservation for Sukabumi, MPA for Bontang City, EAFM for East Lombok, Mangrove Conservation for Semarang City - Study of EAFM on East Lombok : Semester 1/2018 - Study of Pollution Management of River in Sukabumi : Semester 1/2018 - Study of CCA/DRR in Sukabumi : Semester 1/2018 PEMSEA SDS-SEA Learning Sites and Scaling up Sites 2015-2019 in Indonesia

2. Pollution reduction river basin and coastal area management :

- Pelabuhan Ratu Sukabumi (Pollution load and management of Cipalabuan River at Palabuhan Ratu)

- Bali (Pollution Management Plan Badung River and Coastal Area) PEMSEA SDS-SEA Learning Sites and Scaling up Sites 2015-2019 in Indonesia

3. Marine Protected Area and Spatial Planning :

- Bali (MPA and Networking Program Klungkung and Buleleng) : Bali Barat National Park : Organized by Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Nusa Penida/Lembongan KKPD Adopted by Local Regulation Information Centre and Tourism Village at Pemuteran, Buleleng, Bali Barat

- Bontang City (MPA) Development of Marine Protected Area Integration land and marine spatial planning 4. Habitat Restoration and Biodiversity :

Sukabumi (Sea Turtle and Habitat Conservation) Tanjung Pasir Tangerang (Mangrove Rehabilitation and Community Livelihood) Nusa Penida Bali

5. Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change :

Sukabumi (CCA- DRR) : Climate change resilience village program

6. Fisheries and Alternative Livelihood :

Lombok (EAFM Lombok Strait) Development of the Ciletuh-Palabuhan ratu Geopark with ICM Approach

SUKABUMI REGENCY

• South coast of West • 120 km from (part of the rapidly growing economic region of Jakarta and surrounding provinces, regencies, cities) • 4,162.41 km2 land area (1,463.72 km2 coastal) • 117 km coastline • 47 Subdistricts (9 coastal) • 2,408,417 population (512,928 coastal) • An area with rich biodiversity, home to important sea turtle nesting areas in • In 2003, the Government of Sukabumi Indonesia Regency, signed a Memorandum of • Also an important area of geological Agreement with PEMSEA, for the diversity development of an integrated coastal management (ICM) program to support long-term sustainable coastal and marine development in the Regency.

www.pemsea.org 11 Framework for Sustainable Development of Coastal Areas 15 years of applying the ICM cycle in their local development planning & area/issue-specific programs

-Resources mapping -ICM PCC, -ICM PCC/PMO -PA campaigns -Local, nat’l. -ICM, other trainings -Coastal Strategy -PMO -Environmental -Mangrove gov’t. -Regular PCC/PMO -Spatial plans -TP3TP Mgt. planting -Private sector meeting/sharing -Master plans -Turtle -Beach cleanup -NGOs -PNLG Conservation Etc. -Academe -City Forest -Spatial Plan -Water Pollution Control -Hazard/vulnerability maps -Sea turtle/habitats -Upgrading fishing port/ -Solid waste master -Evacuation route/signs conservation terminal plan -Tsunami drills -Beach/mangrove -Private sector investment -Wastewater master -Green City Dev’t Program rehabilitation for cold storage plan -Resilient Coastal Villages -Coral reef -Capital investment/training -River WQ monitoring -Climate Village Program transplantation for fishermen, small scale -River patrol -Sustainable Ecotourism fisheries industries, seagrass -Public awareness & Dev’t (Ciletuh- cultivation training - 3Rs Palabuhanratu Geopark) -Hygienic market & restos -Clean City movement -Community waste SOC Report mgt. enterprises ICM Program Development and Implementation Cycle

Site profiling/SOC baseline Coordinating mechanism

Prioritization of management issues

Formulation of strategies and action plans

Adoption

Monitoring, evaluation and reporting Implementation Development of the Ciletuh-Palabuhanratu Geopark

• The geopark covers 8 coastal subdistricts Cultural potential: • Based on some research over the past 1. BiologicalCustom Villages sites: 4. Megalithic Sites few years, Sukabumi possesses unique 2. 1.HistoricalWildlife MonumenGeologicalts 5 sites. Batik Villages and rare geological formations that are 3. 2.TempleNaturedan ReserveVihara 6. Cultural art known as the oldest rock formations on 3.National Park 4.Conservation Forest the surface of (65 - >100 5.Green Turtle Conservation million years), classified into 3 geoareas 6.Plants (Ciletuh, Simpenan, Cisolok). 7.Plantation (Cultivation) • The area of the geopark also has several nature reserves and conservation sites and rich coastal resources. • Several customary villages and sites provide cultural perspectives • An area of geodiversity, biodiversity, and cultural diversity, it has the potential to be protected and to generate income through ecotourism.

www.pemsea.org 14 Approach 1. The concept for integrated management of the area • With its unique and rare geodiversity, development of the area as a GEOPARK was proposed

• A GEOPARK is a unified area that advances the protection and use of geological heritage in a sustainable way, and promotes the economic well-being of people who live there. • The Global Geoparks Network (GGN) is an initiative of UNESCO that recognizes geological sites representing an earth science interest or with international significance. GGN aims at enhancing the value of such sites while at the same time creating employment and promoting regional economic development.

• For a geopark to apply to be included in the GGN, it needs to: • Have a management plan designed to foster socioeconomic development that is sustainable • Demonstrate methods for conserving and enhancing geological heritage and addressing broader environmental issues • Demonstrate collaborations among public authorities, local communities and private sector

www.pemsea.org 15 Approach

2. Legal basis for the development of the geopark was established • In 2015, the local government of initiated the development of the geopark through the Decree of Sukabumi Regent No. 555/ 2015, supported by the Regulation of West Java Governor No. 20 of 2016 and the Decree of West Java Governor No. 556 / Kep.456Rek / 2016.

3. An inter-agency and multi-sectoral working group was set up • Operational Team and Management Board for the Geopark was established in 2016 • The Geopark Management Board is chaired by the Governor of West Java while the Operational Team is led by the Regent of Sukabumi • Many of the members of the operational team and management board are also members of the ICM PCC, PMO and TP3TP, including those who initiated the ICM program in 2003.

www.pemsea.org 16 Approach 4. Strategic plans were developed in collaboration with stakeholders • Geopark Development Roadmap specified objectives, indicators, priority programs and responsible institutions • Masterplan, with detailed engineering design and artist’s impressions, serve as blueprint for the implementation of various infrastructure including road access, tourism centers and amenities, and other facilities.

5. Harness the capacity of the communities as stewards • Theme of Geopark: “Celebrating Earth Heritage, Sustaining Local Communities” • Geopark developed with strong community support/involvement (bottom-up process) • Community groups have specific roles ,e.g., environmental conservation, tourism, cultural preservation, etc.). • Various skills training and capacity building activities - focusing on conservation, development of local products, agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, management of lodging facilities, handicrafts, tourist guidance, geotrail management, geopark education, and promotion.

www.pemsea.org 17 Approach

6. The targets were clear from the onset: Become a leading tourism destination in West Java, in the country and globally, and be recognized as a UNESCO Global Geopark • The Geopark management body invited experts from UNESCO to provide inputs about the potential and management of the geopark in Ciletuh • They also participated in various international meetings and workshops on geopark management

7. Strategic plans are being implemented together with various partners • Implementation supported by: • Sukabumi Regency Local Govt • West Java Provincial Govt • Key national agencies • Academe; private sector; local communities; various partners • Infrastructure development (road networks, tourism facilities, airport) by provincial and national governments • There are multiple habitat/environmental protection, restoration, and management initiatives contributing to management of the geopark • The SDS-SEA/ICM project is working with Sukabumi Regency in specific sites

www.pemsea.org 18 SDS-SEA/ICM Scaling Up in Sukabumi Within the geopark, the SDS-SEA project supported baseline and risk/vulnerability assessments to aid development/improvement of: 1) Habitat protection and restoration in the sea turtle conservation area in Pangumbahan Beach • Disturbance from human activities, and replanting using non- native vegetation may threaten the sea turtle habitat ➢ For improvement of sea turtle conservation area plan 2) Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in Palabuhanratu Subdistrict • Consolidation of information on hazards, vulnerabilities and risks, & existing preparedness/response mechanisms • Need internalization of DRR plans among institutions/ stakeholders; continuing awareness building and preparedness exercises at all levels of society, e.g., conduct of tsunami preparedness drills at least twice a year ➢ Activities for incorporation in gov’t DRR work plan and budget 3) Pollution reduction & waste management in Cipanyairan and Cipalabuhan rivers & coastal areas of Palabuhanratu • No existing monitoring activities • Water quality measurements; pollution index; priority pollutants ➢ For preparation of pollution management plan for 2 rivers www.pemsea.org 19 SDS-SEA/ICM Scaling Up in Sukabumi Strengthening ICM governance mechanisms in Sukabumi Regency 1) Results of assessments in pilot sites were discussed in meetings of the ICM PCC and PMO • For consideration of proposed actions in their government work and budget planning 2) ICM coordination meetings were organized between Sukabumi Regency and West Java Province • To clarify management jurisdictions related to marine areas, forests and water resources (considering Law No. 23/2014 that transferred authority for marine and coastal management from the regencies/ cities to provincial govt. 3) Preparation of State of the Coast report • To aid as a tool in monitoring, evaluation and reporting of the local government’s progress, accomplishments and challenges in ICM program implementation

www.pemsea.org 20 Results 1) The Geopark is a demonstration of the functional scaling up of ICM implementation in Sukabumi, showing how ICM concepts and approaches have been utilized for the development and implementation of a priority management program. 2) The Geopark enables integrated management and sustainable development of a large area that covers numerous sites with geological, ecological, cultural and tourism significance. 3) As a flagship program that has attracted national and international attention, development and management of the geopark has facilitated financial support from various sources. Infrastructure development in the geopark has progressed along with community based tourism in key areas. 4) The Ciletuh Geopark was designated as a National Geopark on Dec. 2015; and was confirmed a UNESCO Global Geopark on April 12, 2018. The official confirmation will take place in September 2018, in Portugal. 5) The usual long period of confirmation by UNESCO (5-10 years) only took three years for the Ciletuh-Palabuhanratu Geopark. Stakeholders believe that the multisectoral mechanisms and community empowerment initiatives under the ICM program laid the foundations for the geopark and contributed to the relatively short assessment period.

www.pemsea.org 21 Lessons Learned ➢ Sukabumi Regency, with a good understanding of the ICM concepts of spatial and institutional integration among its leaders and key stakeholders, and incorporation of the ICM approaches into their local development planning and implementation, was able to apply the same ICM concepts and processes, particularly the cross-sectoral collaboration, in the development of the geopark. ➢ As an ICM site that received mostly technical support from PEMSEA, the Sukabumi ICM program serves as a model in Indonesia and in the EAS region for a sustainable local government -led and -supported ICM program.

Challenges and Opportunities ➢ Law 23/2014 shifted the authority (including budget) for marine/coastal management from the regencies/cities to the provincial governments. ✓ Fortunately, West Java Provincial Government considers the Geopark as one of the priority programs in the province, and is supporting its development and management. ➢ Sukabumi Regency needs to exert more efforts in implementing the sustainable development programs in the Geopark in order to maintain its Global Geopark designation.

www.pemsea.org 22 www.pemsea.org http://seaknowledgebank.net/

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