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François Rossignon, Un Naturalista Francés Cautivo De Las Aves De Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines 34 (1) | 2005 Varia François Rossignon, un naturalista francés cautivo de las aves de Caupolican (Beni y La Paz, 1833-1847) François Rossignon, un naturaliste français captivé par les oiseaux de Caupolican (Beni et La Paz, 1833-1874) François Rossignon, a french naturalist who was fascinated by the birds of Caupolican (Beni and La Paz, 1833-1847) Carmen Beatriz Loza Edición electrónica URL: http://journals.openedition.org/bifea/5597 DOI: 10.4000/bifea.5597 ISSN: 2076-5827 Editor Institut Français d'Études Andines Edición impresa Fecha de publicación: 1 mayo 2005 Paginación: 59-80 ISSN: 0303-7495 Referencia electrónica Carmen Beatriz Loza, « François Rossignon, un naturalista francés cautivo de las aves de Caupolican (Beni y La Paz, 1833-1847) », Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines [En línea], 34 (1) | 2005, Publicado el 08 abril 2005, consultado el 02 diciembre 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ bifea/5597 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/bifea.5597 Les contenus du Bulletin de l’Institut français d’études andines sont mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. BulletinFrançois deRossingnon, l’Institut Français un naturalista d’Études francés Andines cautivo / 2005, de las34 aves(1): 59-80de Caupolican François Rossignon, un naturalista francés cautivo de las aves de Caupolican (Beni y La Paz, 1833-1847) Carmen Beatriz Loza* Resumen El acompañamiento que recibió Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny (1826-1878) durante su viaje por la América meridional es un tema evocado por la historiografía, pero raramente estudiado. Este artículo busca probar, en sus líneas generales, que el papel de los ayudantes científicos se desvanece en la narrativa de los viajeros, a pesar de la importante contribución a su empresa. El silenciamiento de los colaboradores contribuyó a perpetuar la imagen tradicional de naturalistas obrando solos. En realidad, la expedición del Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de París dirigida por d’Orbigny en Bolivia recibió el aporte de dos compatriotas suyos entre otros muchos de diversas nacionalidades. Uno de sus compañeros, fue François Rossignon (?-1846). La propuesta acá es presentar, por primera vez, al francés Rossignon como naturalista, taxidermista y ocasionalmente funcionario del estado boliviano, siguiendo las trazas de sus vivencias en la provincia Caupolican. Rossignon, durante más de dieciséis años, logró formar una maravillosa colección de ornitología neo-tropical, la cual generó recelo, interés y hasta su propia muerte. Este artículo conjetura acerca de las causas de su deceso y el paradero de su colección. De esa manera, saca a luz el funcionamiento de las redes locales que constituían y comercializaban colecciones de objetos de historia natural a mediados del siglo XIX desde el Beni y Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Sugiere que Rossignon fue en gran parte el preparador de la colección de ornitología neo-tropical que llegó al Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de París entre 1830 y 1834; asimismo, un importante informante para la elaboración del Viaje a la América Meridional. Posiblemente d’Orbigny retomó el relato de vivencia en Caupolican de Rossignon para escribir sobre esa provincia que desconocía, * Sociedad Geográfica de La Paz. Correo electrónico: [email protected], casilla de correo 2907, La Paz-Bolivia. Este trabajo es un fragmento de una investigación más amplia que venimos realizando en torno a la red de Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny. Agradezco profundamente a Jean-Pierre Chaumeil, Pascal Riviale y Jean-Joinville Vacher por su lectura crítica y sugestiva, pero sobre todo por su apoyo. Asimismo, recibí la colaboración del Área Natural de Manejo Integrado Nacional «Apolobamba» en Bolivia; la Biblioteca y Archivo del Congreso Nacional de Bolivia; Biblioteca y Archivo Nacionales de Bolivia y Biblioteca del Max-Planck-Institut für Wissenchaftsgeschichte. 59 Carmen Beatriz Loza pero la presentó en la Descripción geográfica, histórica y estadística de Bolivia (d’Orbigny, 1845). La información recogida en los archivos bolivianos cambia radicalmente la actual perspectiva, según la cual d’Orbigny basó todas sus narraciones en sus propias experiencias de viaje. Palabras claves – Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny, taxidermia, naturalista-viajero, Museo nacional de historia natural de París, Museo nacional de historia natural de La Paz, Beni, Caupolican, Santa Cruz de la Sierra. François Rossignon, un naturaliste français captivé par les oiseaux de Caupolican (Beni et La Paz, 1833-1874) Résumé L’aide qu’Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny (1826-1878) a reçu le long de son voyage en Amérique méridionale est un sujet évoqué par l’historiographie mais qui a cependant rarement été étudié. Cet article cherche à montrer, dans ses lignes générales, que le rôle des assistants scientifiques se dilue dans les récits des voyageurs, malgré leur importante contribution. Le silence des collaborateurs a contribué à perpétuer l’image traditionnelle des naturalistes travaillant seuls. En réalité, l’expédition du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris dirigée par d’Orbigny en Bolivie reçut l’apport de deux de ses compatriotes parmi beaucoup d’autres de diverses nationalités. Un de ses compagnons fut François Rossignon ( ?-1846). Ce texte propose de présenter, pour la première fois, le français Rossignon comme naturaliste, taxidermiste et parfois fonctionnaire de l’État bolivien en suivant les traces de son expérience dans la province de Caupolican. Pendant plus de seize ans, Rossignon réussit à constituer une merveilleuse collection d’ornithologie néo-tropicale, laquelle provoqua de la méfiance, de l’intérêt et même sa propre mort. Cet article laisse entrevoir les causes de son décès et le destin de sa collection. De cette manière, il met en lumière le fonctionnement des réseaux locaux qui constituaient et commercialisaient des collections d’objets d’histoire naturelle à la moitié du XIXe siècle au Beni et à Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Cet article suggère que Rossignon fut en grande partie le préparateur de la collection d’ornithologie néo-tropicale qui est arrivée au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris entre 1830 et 1834. De même, il fut un informateur important pour l’élaboration du Voyage en Amérique Méridionale. D’Orbigny a probablement reprit le récit du séjour à Caupolican de Rossignon afin d’écrire sur cette province qu’il ne connaissait pas, mais qu’il présenta dans la Description géographique, historique et statistique de la Bolivie (d’Orbigny, 1845). L’information recueillie aux archives boliviennes change radicalement la perspective actuelle, selon laquelle d’Orbigny a basé tous ses récits sur ses propres expériences de voyage. Mots-clés – Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny, taxidermie, naturaliste-voyageur, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de La Paz, Beni, Caupolican, Santa Cruz de la Sierra. François Rossignon, a french naturalist who was fascinated by the birds of Caupolican (Beni and La Paz, 1833-1847) Abstract The accompaniment provided to Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny (1826-1878) during his travel through Southern America is a theme alluded to in historical writings, but seldom studied. This paper intends to prove, in broad outline, that the role of scientific assistants fades away in the traveler’s narrative, in spite of its important contribution. The silence of his collaborators contributed to perpetuate the traditional image of naturalists working by themselves. In fact, the Parisian Muséum national d’histoire naturelle expedition led by d’Orbigny in Bolivia, received contributions from two of his compatriots 60 François Rossingnon, un naturalista francés cautivo de las aves de Caupolican as well as others belonging to several nationalities. One of his companions in his traveler was François Rossignon (?-1846). The purpose of this article is to introduce, for the very first time the Frenchman Rossignon as a naturalist, taxidermist, and occasionally as a Bolivian government official, following the traces of his experiences in the province of Caupolican. Rossignon, during more than sixteen years, was able to create a marvelous neo-tropical ornithological collection, which caused suspicion, interest, and even his own death. This article speculates about the causes of his demise and the his location of his collection. In this way, the article shed light on the functioning of local networks that constituted and commercialized natural history collections in the mid-19th century from Beni and Santa Cruz de la Sierra. It is suggested that Rossignon was in large part the preparatory of the neo-tropical ornithological collection that arrived to the Muséum national d’histoire naturelle of Paris between 1830 and 1834. In addition, he was an important informant for the elaboration of Viaje a la América Meridional. It is possible that d’Orbigny used Rossignon’s experience of living in Caupolican to write about that province that he did not know personally, but is presented in Descripción geográfica, histórica y estadística de Bolivia (d’Orbigny, 1845). Information gathered in Bolivian archives radically changes the current perspective on the information upon which d’Orbigny based all his narratives concerning his own travel experiences. Key words – Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny, taxidermy, naturalist-traveler, National Museum of Natural History of Paris, National Museum of Natural History of La Paz,
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