Family

Firmicutes/“”// fam. nov......

Milton S. da Costa, Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Bioquímica, Coimbra 3001-401, Portugal Fred A. Rainey, Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 202 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70001, USA

A.li.cy.clo.ba.cil.la’ce.ae. N.L. masc. n. Asahara, Suzuki, Kasai and Yokota 2003, 1542 emend. type genus of the family; -aceae ending to denote a fam- Karavaiko, Bogdanova, Tourova, Kondrat’eva, Tsaplina, ily; N.L. fem. pl. n. Alicyclobacillaceae the Alicyclobacillus Egorova, Krasil’nikova and Zakharchuk 2005, 946. family...... References Cells are straight rods of variable length, generally non- motile. Terminal or subterminal ovoid endospores are Goto, K., K. Mochida, M. Asahara, M. Suzuki, H. Kasai and formed. The majority of the stain Gram-positive. A. Yokota. 2003. Alicyclobacillus pomorum sp. nov., a novel Strains are non-pigmented. Aerobic with a strictly respiratory thermo-acidophilic, endospore-forming bacterium that type of metabolism, but a few strains reduce nitrate to nitrite does not possess omega-alicyclic fatty acids, and emended 3+ and some reduce Fe . Mesophilic, slightly thermophilic, description of the genus Alicyclobacillus. Int. J. Syst. Evol. and thermophilic, and acidophilic. Menaquinone-7 is the Microbiol. 53: 1537–1544. predominant respiratory quinone. Many species possess ω-cyclohexane or ω-cycloheptane, but some do not. Branched Karavaiko, G.I., T.I. Bogdanova, T.P.Tourova, T.F. Kondrat’eva, chain iso- and anteiso-fatty acids and straight chain fatty acids I.A. Tsaplina, M.A. Egorova, E.N. Krasil’nikova and are present in all species. Most species are chemoorgan- L.M. Zakharchuk. 2005. Reclassification of ‘Sulfobacil- otrophic; some species are mixotrophic. Organic compounds lus thermosulfidooxidans subsp. thermotolerans’strainK1as are used as sole carbon and energy sources; acid is produced Alicyclobacillus tolerans sp. nov. and Sulfobacillus disulfidooxi- from several carbohydrates. Mixotrophic species utilize Fe2+, dans Dufresne et al. 1996 as Alicyclobacillus disulfidooxidans S0, and sulfide minerals in the presence of yeast extract or comb. nov., and emended description of the genus sole organic compounds. The species of the genus Alicy- Alicyclobacillus. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55: 941–947. clobacillus, the sole genus of the family Alicyclobacillaceae,form Wisotzkey, J.D., P. Jurtshuk, G.E. Fox, G. Deinhard and K. a distinct phylogenetic lineage based on 16S rRNA gene Poralla. 1992. Comparative sequence analyses on the 16S sequence comparisons (Figure 1). Found in soils and water ribosomal RNA (rDNA) of acidocaldarius, Bacillus of geothermal areas, soils, fruit juices, and ores. acidoterrestris,andBacillus cycloheptanicus and proposal for DNA G+C content (mol%): 49–62. creation of a new genus, Alicyclobacillus gen. nov. Int. J. Syst. Type genus: Alicyclobacillus Wisotzkey, Jurtshuk, Fox, Bacteriol. 42: 263–269. Deinhard and Poralla 1992, 267VP emend. Goto, Mochida,

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Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and , Online © 2015 Bergey’s Manual Trust. This article is © 2009 Bergey’s Manual Trust. DOI: 10.1002/9781118960608.fbm00111. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., in association with Bergey’s Manual Trust. 2 Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

FIGURE 1. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogeny of members of the genera Alicyclobacillus and Sulfobacillus and related taxa. Bar = 2 inferred nucleotide substitutions per 100 nucleotides.

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