DOCSLIB.ORG

"…If We All Together Support Gacaca Courts, We'll Have Shown the Love

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
"…if we all together support Gacaca Courts, we’ll have shown the love we have for our country and Rwandans. Justice that reconciles Rwandans will be a fertile ground for unity and a foundation for development"1... His Excellency Paul KAGAME President of the Republic of Rwanda 1 Speech by His Excellency Paul KAGAME, President of the Republic of Rwanda launching Gacaca Courts activities on the 18th June 2002. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to the various stakeholders whose combined efforts contributed to the indisputable achievements of Gacaca Courts. First of all, we thank the Government of Rwanda whose concern for rendering justice and rebuilding the country led to initiation of Gacaca Courts system. The success of the courts has been acclaimed and should be a source of hope and reassurance to the people of Rwanda. Our special thanks go to “Inyangamugayo” judges, for the devotion, courage and patriotic zeal with which they carried out their mission. Our thanks also go to our partners in Gacaca Courts system and the staff of the National Service of Gacaca Courts, who ensured the monitoring, supervision and coordination of all the activities of the Courts. Last but not least, we thank all those who, in one way or another, have contributed to the success of Gacaca Courts. Kigali, /…../…. Domitilla MUKANTAGANZWA Executive Secretary National Service of Gacaca Courts 2 ABBREVIATIONS Art.: Article RPF : Rwanda Patriotic Front ASF: Avocats Sans Frontière BTC: Belgian Technical Cooperation D.L: Decree – Law HRW: Human Rights Watch ICG: International Crisis Group ICTR: International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda IRC: International Rescue Committee LIPRODHOR: Ligue Rwandaise pour la Promotion et la Défense des Droits de l’Homme MDR : Mouvement Démocratique Républicain MINALOC: Ministry of Local Government MRND: Mouvement Révolutionaire National pour le Dévelopement MTN: Mobile Telecommunication Network NCHR: National Commission of Human Rights NSGC: National Service of Gacaca Courts NUR: National University of Rwanda O.G.R.R: Official Gazette of the Republic of Rwanda PAPG: Projet d’Appui de la société civile au Processus Gacaca PRI: Penal Reform International RCS: Rwanda Correctional Service RTLM: Radio Télévision Libre des Milles Collines SFB: School of Finance and Banking TIG: Travaux d’Intérêt Général UNAMIR : United Nation Mission in Rwanda U.N: United Nations 3 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Situation of the judicial staff from 1994 to 2002 Table 2: Categories and corresponding sentences Table 3: Judgements made by the First Instance Courts between 1996 and 2000 in terms of percentage Table 4: Categories and their corresponding sentences, Organic Law of 2001 Table 5: Sentences applicable to minors according to Organic Law of 2001 Table 6: Classification of “Inyangamugayo” on gender basis Table 7: Achievements of the data collection phase Table 8: Crimes and their punishment according to the Organic law of 2004 Table 9: Crimes and their corresponding punishments applied on minors according to the Organic law of 2004. Table 10: Topics covered during the Inyangamugayo training Table 11: The situation of trials from 10/03/2005 to 14/07/2006 in the pilot sectors Table 12: The number of individuals put on the list of suspects Table 13: Places where data collection was repeated Table 14: Trial progress from 1st March 2007 to 31st December 2007 Table 15: The categories and applicable sentences as provided for by the Organic Law of 2007 Table 16: Sentences applicable to minors, Organic Law of 2007 Table 17: The categories and their corresponding sentences according to the Organic Law of 2008 Table 18: The sentences applicable to minors that were more than fourteen (14) but less than eighteen (18) years of age when the crimes were committed Tableau 19: The Closure schedule of Gacaca courts activities at the sector level 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................... 2 ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................... 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. 5 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 11 PART ONE: ORIGIN AND ESTABLISHMENT OF GACACA COURTS ........................ 13 Chapter One: CHALLENGES OF JUSTICE IN THE AFTERMATH OF GENOCIDE AND THE SOLUTIONS ADOPTED ....................................................................................... 13 Section One: Challenges of justice in the aftermath of Genocide .......................................... 13 §1. Large numbers of suspects ................................................................................................................ 13 § 2. Destruction of the judicial system .................................................................................................... 14 Section 2: Solutions adopted ...................................................................................................... 14 §1. Restoration of the judicial system ..................................................................................................... 15 §2. Organic law no 08/96 of 30/08/1996 ................................................................................................. 15 A. Categories and sentences provided for by the Organic Law of 1996 ................................................. 16 B. Procedure of guilty plea, confession, repentance and apologies ........................................................ 20 C. The principle of “double qualification” according to the Organic Law of 1996 ................................ 21 §3. The progress made ............................................................................................................................ 21 §4. Establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) ...................................... 23 Chapter II. ORIGIN AND INSTITUTIONALISATION OF GACACA COURTS............ 25 Section One. Consultative meetings at Village Urugwiro ....................................................... 25 §1. Draft law ........................................................................................................................................... 27 §2. Sensitisation ...................................................................................................................................... 28 Section 2: Establishment of Gacaca Courts.............................................................................. 29 §1 Organic Law n˚ 40/2000 of 26th January 2001, governing the creation of Gacaca Courts ............... 29 5 A. Organisation and functioning of Gacaca Courts ................................................................................ 30 1. Organs of Gacaca Courts .................................................................................................................... 30 a) The General Assembly ........................................................................................................................ 30 b) The Seat .............................................................................................................................................. 31 c) The Coordination Committee ............................................................................................................. 34 2. Duties of Gacaca Courts ..................................................................................................................... 34 a) The Cell Gacaca Court ................................................................................................................... 34 b) The Gacaca Court of the Sector, District or Town and that of the Province or Kigali City ............... 35 B. The Competence of Gacaca Courts .................................................................................................... 36 1. Jurisdiction .......................................................................................................................................... 36 a) Gacaca Court of the Cell ..................................................................................................................... 36 b) Gacaca Court of the Sector ................................................................................................................. 36 c) Gacaca Court of the District or Town ................................................................................................. 36 d) Gacaca Court of the Province or Kigali City ...................................................................................... 36 2. Territorial Jurisdiction ........................................................................................................................ 36 3. Crimes and applicable sentences according to the Organic Law of 2001 ........................................... 37 §.2 Creation of the Department of Gacaca Courts within the Supreme Court .................................... 42 A. Elections of “Inyangamugayo” judges ............................................................................................... 43 B. Training of 2002 ................................................................................................................................. 46 1. Training of trainers ............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Weekly Bulletin
    W eeKly B ulletin - RWANDA IN TURKEY- ISSUE 88 DATE: 1-5 JUNE 2020 ENGLISH President Kagame, Prime Minister Edouard Ngirente (left) and Foreign Affairs Minister Dr Vincent Biruta (right) during Tuesday?s, June 2nd , cabinet meeting at Village Urugwiro. The meeting lifted restrictions on taxi-moto operations and travel across the country, except for Rusizi and Rubavu districts. Govt ok ays inter-provincial travel, tax i-moto operations An extraordinary cabinet meeting chaired by President Paul in or out of Rusizi and Rubavu districts.? Kagame on Tuesday, June 2, approved the resumption of inter-provincial travel and passenger taxi-moto services According to the statement, public transport within the two except in Rusizi and Rubavu districts. districts is also restricted and only cargo transporting vehicles either transiting or destined for the two districts would be The resolutions that take immediate effect, follow a recent allowed to continue operating. assessment of the Covid-19 prevalence in the country, which revealed that Rusizi ? which borders DR Congo- had All latest measures will be reviewed after 15 days upon a community Covid-19 cases. health assessment, according to the statement from the Office In the past two days, May 31st and June 1st, the district of the Prime Minister. recorded at least 12 cases that, according to the Ministry of Among other Covid-19 directives that remained in place Health, involved cross-border traders, truck-drivers and a include the curfew that starts from 9pm through 5am. motorcyclist who transported goods. Rubavu also borders DR Congo. Employers were also asked to maintain the strategies in place to ensure social distancing in places of work, by maintaining As a result, the confirmed community cases had triggered the essential staff in the workplaces while others can continue postponement of the earlier anticipated resumption of upcountry travel and use of the taxi-moto services, which had working from home.
    [Show full text]
  • REPUBLIC of RWANDA Minister in Charge of Cabinet Affairs Cabinet
    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Minister in charge of Cabinet Affairs Cabinet communiqué – 06/03/2020 On Friday, March 6th 2020, His Excellency Paul KAGAME, the President of the Republic of Rwanda chaired an extraordinary Cabinet meeting at Village Urugwiro. 1. The Cabinet meeting approved minutes of its previous meeting held on 28/01/2020. 2. The Cabinet meeting reaffirmed a strengthened approach to contain the potential spread of the Coronavirus outbreak in Rwanda. This effort is led by the Office of the Prime Minister along with the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Local Government and Security organs. The Cabinet meeting also urged all Rwandans to take appropriate precautions and follow advice of health professionals and avoid unnecessary internal or international travels and large gatherings. 3. The Cabinet meeting was briefed on the following: o Preparations for celebration of International Women’s Day on 8th March 2020 that will be organized at cell level; o Preparations for the 26th Commemoration of the Genocide against Tutsi; o Instructions of the Registrar General amending instructions of the Registrar General on modalities of lease, sale, public auction and mortgage acquisition in order to improve the current mortgage realization regulatory framework; o Desert locust invasion in the region and state of preparedness as well as a contingency plan for Rwanda. 4. The Cabinet meeting approved the following policies/strategies: o Waiver of entry visa requirements to the citizens of member States of African Union, the Commonwealth and Francophonie countries to foster the implementation of Rwanda’s openness policy; o Forest concession agreement between the Government of Rwanda and a private company, Lifting Families Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1334 KIGALI Statement on Cabinet Decisions of 12/11/2014
    Republic of Rwanda Minister in Charge of Cabinet Affairs P.O Box: 1334 KIGALI Statement on Cabinet Decisions of 12/11/2014 ------------------------------------------------------------ On Wednesday, 12 November 2014, a Cabinet Meeting chaired by His Excellency the President of the Republic, Paul KAGAME, convened in Village URUGWIRO. 1. The Cabinet Meeting approved its earlier decisions of 15 October 2014, after minor adjustments. 2. The Cabinet Meeting was briefed on the progress of preparations for the 2014 National Dialogue Council and requested concerned institutions to do all the necessary to ensure this meeting is successful. 3. The Cabinet Meeting approved the partnership between Government of Rwanda and Shalimar Flowers Ltd to invest in Bella Flowers Ltd for production and export of cut flowers. 4. The Cabinet Meeting was briefed on the status of contributions to Agaciro Development Fund by end of October 2014. The Cabinet Meeting adopted strategies to increase contributions to the fund and urged all Rwandans in general to continue to voluntarily support it in order to build their county. Members of Cabinet took the lead to support Agaciro Development Fund by contributing twenty seven million Rwandan francs (27,000,000Rwf). 2 5. The Cabinet Meeting approved the establishment of e-passports (Electronic Passport). 6. The Cabinet Meeting approved the following Draft Laws: - Draft Law modifying and complementing the Law n° 44 bis/2011 of 26/11/2011 governing the statute of Prosecutors and other staff of the National Public Prosecution
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Rwanda
    A Master’s Thesis entitled Post Conflict Peace Building in Rwanda, the Effect on Youth And the Development of Bright Future Generation, NGO By Vanessa M. Colomba Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Master of Arts Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies ___________________________________________ George Chigas, Ph.D., Committee Chair ___________________________________________ Jenifer Whitten-Woodring, Ph.D., Committee Member ___________________________________________ Levon Chorbajian, Ph.D., Committee Member POST-CONFLICT PEACE BUILDING IN RWANDA i An Abstract of Post-Conflict Peace Building in Rwanda, the Effect on Youth, And the Development of Bright Future Generation, NGO By Vanessa M. Colomba Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in Peace and Conflict Studies The University of Massachusetts, Lowell May 2013 POST-CONFLICT PEACE BUILDING IN RWANDA ii An Abstract of Post-Conflict Peace Building in Rwanda, the Effect on Youth, And the Development of Bright Future Generation, NGO By Vanessa M. Colomba Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in Peace and Conflict Studies The University of Massachusetts, Lowell May 2013 In the aftermath of its violent history, today’s Rwanda has accomplished significant political, social, and economic progress to prevent another atrocity like the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi and moderate Hutu. As the survivors of the 1994 genocide work hard to move on from the traumas of the past, it is the sole responsibility of the new generation to break the cycle of victimization and build a stable foundation from the aftershock of its violent history.
    [Show full text]
  • Guichaouarapportexpertisebuta
    -.Q cV\ d: '"> ~ :>( ,..) ..~ c6 ~4J " 14j:. <lJ -@ .;J -:./' ;.> ~ <Ç,"' ~ ~ cJ ~ G-e::.",. ~ ~ e 0 :r.: ~ 0 ::J Cf) \...-. CD 0::: q') "'C "'" ui 0 CD '5 U) liJ C C -c :ë. ct- CD "'C ---</l "'"a> CI) :ë -"C a: "(1) lU tu 0 "in 0 0 a> 0 e U) e ::s c.. en z 0 U) ctS :J <t: "'" "'C -::s """) a> 1 a> CJ > 'in fi) o CJ :J U) ::s ~ C "'C 0 C c0 sn0 z0 w Arusha, le 16juin 2004 Rapport « Butare, la préfecture rebelle », tomes 1 à 3. André Guichaoua, témoin-expert Errata Tome 1 P. 20, l" §: lire «la nomination comme évêque auxiliaire de Félicien MUYARA, tutsi, ancien secrétaire général de la conférence épiscopale et vicaire général du diocèse de Butare » au lieu de «la nomination comme évêque titulaire de Félicien MUY ARA, tutsi, ancien secrétaire général de la conférence épiscopale et évêque auxiliaire du diocèse de Butare ». P. 29, fin 3ème § : lire « tous deux personnels de l'UNR}} au lieu de « tous deux professeurs à l'UNR ». P. 33, 4ème § : lire « Julienne MUK.ABARUNGI (hutu, Kibungo, commune Rutonde, Rwamagana) »au lieu de « Julienne MUKABARUNGI (hutu, Kibungo, commune Rwamagana) ». P. 42, note 72 : lire «Il y gagna alors le surnom de Rukusanya, le « rassembleur d'idées» au lieu de « Il y gagna alors le surnom de Rukusanya, le « rassembleur ». [le terme vient de gukusanya ibitekerezo]. P. 44, tableau 2 : après la mention du nom de NSAGlNE Fébronie, ajouter la note suivante «Fébronie NSAGlNE n'est pas originaire de la commune de Ngoma mais de celle de Muyaga.
    [Show full text]
  • Transitional Justice / Atrocities Regime
    THE INTERNATIONAL NORMATIVE STRUCTURE OF TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE by ALANA ERIN TIEMESSEN BA, McGill University, 2001 MA, University of British Columbia, 2003 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Political Science) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2011 ©Alana Erin Tiemessen, 2011 ABSTRACT Transitional justice is a field of research that has benefited from an array of scholarship on accountability for atrocities, such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. But the emphasis on varieties of institutional design, such as trials and truth commissions, and the primacy of pragmatic and context- specific variables have obscured the fact that transitional justice is increasingly a norm-driven practice. The field, however, lacks a theoretical framework from which to assess the international norms that consistently have causal effects in diverse contexts and over the past decades in which the normative structure has evolved. I argue that the international normative structure of transitional justice is defined by four interrelated norms: a hierarchical division of criminality, accountability, localization, and reconciliation. The primary contribution of this dissertation is to explain the effects of this structure with a comparative analysis of each norm’s salience and implementation. I therefore juxtapose what is expected in principle to what is possible in practice. Measures of salience go beyond establishing if norms exist and determine how norms matter, as is shown by their role in shaping discourse, institutions and policies. Subsequently I contend that it is important to distinguish between implementation challenges that are institutional failures, such as a lack of capacity or politicization of the process, and those which are normative contestation, such as reinterpretations and challenges over how and whether a norm should be implemented in a certain context.
    [Show full text]
  • 1334 KIGALI Cabinet Comm
    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Minister in the Office of the Prime Minister in charge of Cabinet Affairs P.O Box: 1334 KIGALI Cabinet communiqué – 29/07/2019 On Monday 29th July 2019, His Excellency Paul KAGAME, the President of the Republic of Rwanda chaired an extraordinary Cabinet meeting at Village Urugwiro. 1. The Cabinet meeting approved minutes of its previous meeting held on 24/06/2019. 2. The Cabinet meeting was briefed on the following: o Additional sources of funding for the Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme; o Imihigo 2019/2020 institutions’ performance contracts preparation and key outputs. 3. The Cabinet meeting approved the rationalization of public institutions as means to strengthen capacity and improve service delivery across public institutions. The meeting also approved relocation of some public institutions to secondary cities. 4. The Cabinet meeting approved the following draft laws: o Draft law establishing the general statute governing public servants; o Draft law approving the ratification of the Loan Agreement between the Republic of Rwanda and African Development Fund for Scaling up Electricity Access Program II; o Draft law approving the ratification of the Financing Agreement between the Republic of Rwanda and the International Agriculture Development Fund for Kayonza irrigation and integrated watershed management project; o Draft law governing metrology in Rwanda to promote equitable measurement and standardisation; o Draft law establishing Rwanda Water Resources Board to ensure proper coordination and efficient management of water resources; o Draft law establishing Rwanda Forestry Authority to ensure proper management of forestry resources; 1 o Draft law amending the law governing persons and family to facilitate better services of civil registration; o Draft law approving the ratification of the treaty establishing the African Medicines Agency to ensure regulation of medicines and medical products on the African continent; o Draft law establishing Akagera National Park.
    [Show full text]
  • SCSL Press Clippings
    SPECIAL COURT FOR SIERRA LEONE PRESS AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE Draught players square off on a Saturday afternoon in Murray Town. PRESS CLIPPINGS Enclosed are clippings of local and international press on the Special Court and related issues obtained by the Press and Public Affairs Office as at: Monday, 26 February 2007 Press clips are produced Monday through Friday. Any omission, comment or suggestion, please contact Martin Royston-Wright Ext 7217 2 Local News Special Court President Orders Inquiry into Death of ... / Public Affairs Office Page 3 Special Court Principal Defender Regrets the Death of... / Defence Office Page 4 Special Court Orders Inquiry Into Death of Chief... Sunday Leone Times Page 5 Special Court to Probe Norman’s Death / Concord Times Page 6 Family Members to Witness Norman Autopsy / New Citizen Pages 7-8 Kamajors Call Emergency Meeting / Exclusive Page 9 PMDC Campaigns With Norman’s Death / Spectator Page 10 After Norman’s Death...Security Beefed Up in Bo / New Vision Pages 11-12 No State Funeral for Chief Norman – Family Protests / Spark Pages 13-14 SLPP Warned! V.P. Demby Takes Over Norman’s Funeral / Standard Times Pages 15-16 SLPP, PMDC Fight Over Hinga Norman / Pool Page 17 Kamajors Warned / Pool Page 18 Norman Family First Press Release / Awareness Times Page 19 Full Update on Hinga Norman / Awareness Times Page 20 The Day Norman’s Heroism Became a Curse / Concord Times Page 21 The Tragedy of Sam Hinga Norman / For di People Pages 22-23 The Special Court – Sheer Waste of Money!! / Spark Page 24 The Passing
    [Show full text]
  • Rwanda (Unamir)
    urvAMIR. L.n,) CLA 55 IF I L D UN ARCHIVES PLEASE RETAIN SERIES 5 ~ \I ?-O ORIGINAL ORDER BOX '2.-5 FilE (0 ACC. I Q,c1 8!O?,-,5 I UNITED NATIONS ( UNITED NATIONS ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR RWANDA (UNAMIR) Field Personnel Section. Field Operations Division Department of Peace-Keeping Operations 1 November 1993 OHITED NATIONS ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR RWANDA (OHAKIR) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I . INTRODUCTION. .. 5 II. GENERAL BACKGROUND A. Background, authority for the mission, duration, mandate and organization of UNAMIR 6 B. Status of the mission. ............................ .. 7 C. Organization of the administrative component 8 III. CIVILIAN PERSONNEL A. Definition 8 B. Conduct and attitude " 9 C. Privileges and inununities 10 D. Financial liabilities 10 E. Tax matters 10 F. Dependency Benefi ts 10 IV. QUALIFICATIONS A. Professional 10 B. Physical.•..........................................11 C. Other requirements 11 V. DURATION OF TOUR OF DUTY A. Length 11 B. Administrative matters 11 VI. SECURITY MATTERS A. , General 12 B. Country Specif ic...•................................12 C. Rwanda Today.......•............................•...13 D. Security Guidelines .•••.............................13 E. United Nations Security Planning 14 F. Reporting all incidents 15 G. Insurance....•........•.....•.....................•.15 VII. DUTY SCHEDULE, LEAVE AND COMPENSATORY TIME OFF A. Hours of duty 16 B. Leave ............................•.......•..........16 C. Compensatory time off.......................•.......16 VIII. TRAVEL DOCUMENTS REQUIRED BEFORE DEPARTURE TO UNAMIR A. Responsibili ty..........••.....•.........•..........17 B. Passport and Laissez- Passer...•...•.................17 C. Visas ...................................•...........17 D. International certificate of vaccination 17 E. Photographs 18 ---------- .. _- • - 2 - IX. MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS Page A. Initial medical examination before departure 18 B. Medical Preparation (Vaccinations, Immunization Schedule and Malaria Preventatives) 18 C.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncertainty and Private Sector Response to Economic Development Policy in Post-Genocide Rwanda
    Uncertainty and Private Sector Response to Economic Development Policy in Post-Genocide Rwanda Monique Nsanzabaganwa Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Arts and Social Sciences at Stellenbosch University Promoter: Professor Philip Black December 2012 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Uncertainty and Private Sector Response to Economic Development Policy in Post-Genocide Rwanda Declaration By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof, that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Signature:………………………….. Date: …………………….. Copyright © 2012 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Uncertainty and Private Sector Response to Economic Development Policy in Post-Genocide Rwanda Abstract This research explored factors underlying successful implementation of development policy. It applied new institutional economic analysis to policy-making processes viewed from the theory, methodology and practice perspectives. Two important results came out of the analysis. Firstly, policy performance depends on private actors’ optimization processes that may or may not end up in conflict with the policy prescriptions. This constitutes a major source of uncertainty. Secondly, getting the policy content right is a necessary but not sufficient condition for success. How policy actions are delivered (implemented by private agents) matters a lot. The policy maker is therefore invited to devise an appropriate mechanism design to that effect. The study proposes the Connectedness model as a normative methodology to minimize uncertainty and increase the likelihood of policy success.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Rwandan Reconciliation Individual Actors Take Centre Stage
    University of Louvain Louvain-Europe Political Sciences Institute Department of Political and Social Sciences The \Here and There" of Rwandan Reconciliation Individual Actors Take Centre Stage Jana Schildt January 2013 Thesis presented for the obtention of the degree of Doctor of Political and Social Sciences Jury members. President. Andr´e-Paul Frognier. Professor at the Universit´ecatholique de Louvain Supervisors. Val´erieRosoux. Professor at the Universit´ecatholique de Louvain D´eoMbonyinkebe. Professor at the Universit´eLibre de Kigali Elise F´eron. Professor at the University of Kent Readers. Sandrine Lefranc. Professor at the Universit´ede Paris Ouest-Nanterre Bernard Rim´e. Professor at the Universit´ecatholique de Louvain Contents Introduction. On exile and reconciliation in Rwanda 5 1. Massive population movements . .6 2. The extra-territorial dimension of reconciliation . 10 3. Reconciliation in the light of return . 19 4. Operationalisation of the thesis . 23 5. Structure of the thesis . 29 1 Locating Rwandan reconciliation 35 1.1 Exotic imaginary and scholarship on Rwanda . 37 1.2 Reading Rwandan social relations . 46 1.3 Opening the black box . 58 1.4 Research design . 63 1.5 Positioning research and researcher . 76 2 Militants of reconciliation 93 2.1 Militants of various walks of life . 98 2.2 Transnational(ised) trajectories . 108 2.3 Engagement as \vocation" . 134 2.4 Two-fold turning-points . 139 3 Meanings of reconciliation 161 3.1 Reconciliation with oneself . 162 3.2 Internalisation and fragmentation . 186 4 Structures of reconciliation 203 4.1 Social constellations of reconciliation . 205 4.2 Extraverted social worlds . 229 4.3 Extraterritorial political practices of reconciliation .
    [Show full text]
  • 1334 KIGALI Cabinet
    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Minister in the Office of the Prime Minister in charge of Cabinet Affairs P.O Box: 1334 KIGALI Cabinet communiqué – 07/06/2019 On 7th June 2019, His Excellency Paul KAGAME, the President of the Republic of Rwanda chaired an extraordinary Cabinet meeting in Village URUGWIRO. 1. The Cabinet meeting approved the minutes of its previous meetings held on 03/04/2019 and 26/04/2019. 2. The Cabinet meeting was briefed on the following: o The need and benefits of joining the Commonwealth Clean Oceans Alliance; o Coordination mechanism for elaboration and approval of land use master plans; o The Rwanda’s initial report on implementation of the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance. 3. The Cabinet meeting approved the following policies, programs and strategies: o Waiver of visa requirements to the citizens of the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire; o National action plan on Chemical, Biological Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives (CBRNE); o Revised national employment policy and its implementation plan; o National skills development and employment promotion strategy (NSDEPS); o National labour mobility policy and its implementation plan; o Revised national environment and climate change policy; o Revised national land policy; o Agreement between the Government of Rwanda and NOTS for manufacturing of solar home systems; o Granting 13 mineral and 8 quarry licenses. 4. The Cabinet meeting approved the following draft laws: o Draft organic law governing elections; 1 o Draft law determining State finances for the fiscal year
    [Show full text]