Community Risk Assessment Final Report
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Corporation of the City of Oshawa Community Risk Assessment Final Report November 2020 – 19-1064 Table of Contents i Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Methodology ................................................................................................ 2 2.0 Geographic Profile 6 2.1 Geographical Snapshot of Oshawa ............................................................. 6 2.2 Roads, Transit, Bridges and Rail ................................................................. 9 2.2.1 Road Network ............................................................................... 9 2.2.2 Bridges ....................................................................................... 14 2.2.3 Rail ............................................................................................. 14 2.3 Waterways and Conservation Areas ......................................................... 17 2.3.1 Waterways .................................................................................. 17 2.3.2 Conservation Areas .................................................................... 19 2.4 Wildland-Urban Interface ........................................................................... 19 3.0 Building Stock Profile 21 3.1 Ontario Building Code Occupancy Classifications ..................................... 21 3.2 O.F.M.E.M. Fire Risk Sub-Model Occupancy Classifications .................... 22 3.2.1 City of Oshawa Existing Major Building Classification Summary .................................................................................... 26 3.3 Building Density and Exposure .................................................................. 30 3.4 Building Age and Construction .................................................................. 30 3.5 Building Height and Area ........................................................................... 35 3.5.1 Building Height ........................................................................... 36 3.5.2 Building Area .............................................................................. 40 3.6 Potential High-Fire Risk Occupancies ....................................................... 43 3.7 Occupancies with Potential High Fire Life-Safety Risk .............................. 45 3.7.1 Registered Vulnerable Occupancies .......................................... 45 3.7.2 Other High Fire Life Safety Risk Occupancies ........................... 48 Corporation of the City of Oshawa Community Risk Assessment - Final Report November 2020 – 19-1064 Table of Contents ii 3.8 Historic or Culturally Significant Buildings ................................................. 48 4.0 Critical Infrastructure Profile 50 4.1 Critical Infrastructure in Oshawa ................................................................ 50 4.1.1 Water Infrastructure .................................................................... 56 4.1.2 Transportation Infrastructure ...................................................... 58 4.1.3 Gas and Oil Infrastructure .......................................................... 58 4.1.4 Airport ......................................................................................... 59 5.0 Demographic Profile 60 5.1 Population and Dispersion ......................................................................... 60 5.1.1 Mapping Population Dispersion .................................................. 60 5.2 Population Age .......................................................................................... 63 5.2.1 Mapping Population Age ............................................................ 67 5.3 Gender ...................................................................................................... 70 5.4 Socioeconomic Circumstances .................................................................. 71 5.4.1 Labour Force Status ................................................................... 72 5.4.2 Educational Attainment ............................................................... 73 5.4.3 Income Decile Groups ................................................................ 77 5.4.4 Household Tenure, Occupancy, Suitability and Costs ................ 81 5.4.5 Durham Region Healthy Neighbourhoods .................................. 83 5.5 Cultural Background and Language Considerations ................................. 84 5.6 Transient Populations ................................................................................ 85 5.6.1 Tourism ...................................................................................... 86 5.6.2 Education ................................................................................... 86 5.6.3 Employment ............................................................................... 87 6.0 Hazard Profile 89 6.1 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment in Ontario (H.I.R.A.) .............. 89 6.1.1 H.I.R.A. and the C.R.A. .............................................................. 89 Corporation of the City of Oshawa Community Risk Assessment - Final Report November 2020 – 19-1064 Table of Contents iii 6.2 City of Oshawa Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment ..................... 90 6.3 Impacts of Hazards on Fire Protection Services ........................................ 90 7.0 Public Safety Response Profile 95 7.1 Public Safety Response Agencies in the City of Oshawa .......................... 95 7.1.1 Mutual Aid Agreements .............................................................. 98 7.1.2 Automatic Aid Agreements ......................................................... 98 8.0 Community Services Profile 100 8.1 Community Services in the City of Oshawa ............................................. 100 9.0 Economic Profile 105 9.1 Economic Sectors and Employers in Oshawa ......................................... 105 10.0 Past Loss and Event History Profile 109 10.1 Past Loss ................................................................................................. 109 10.1.1 Total Fire Loss .......................................................................... 109 10.1.2 Fires by Occupancy Type ......................................................... 112 10.1.3 Civilian Fire Fatalities and Injuries ............................................ 114 10.1.4 Reported Fire Cause ................................................................ 115 10.1.5 Ignition Source ......................................................................... 117 10.1.6 Smoke Alarm Status Processing Equipment ............................ 118 10.2 Event History ........................................................................................... 120 10.2.1 Emergency Call Volume – All Incident Types ........................... 121 10.2.2 Emergency Call Volume – Spatial Modelling ............................ 128 10.2.3 Emergency Call Volume – Summary ........................................ 146 11.0 Applying Key Findings and Identified Risks 147 11.1 Prioritizing Risks ...................................................................................... 149 11.1.1 Risk Assignment Process Overview ......................................... 149 11.1.2 Assigned Risk Levels ............................................................... 153 Corporation of the City of Oshawa Community Risk Assessment - Final Report November 2020 – 19-1064 Table of Contents iv 11.2 Risk Treatment Options ........................................................................... 160 11.2.1 The ‘Five Es’ of Community Risk Reduction ............................. 161 11.2.2 Risk Conclusions, Treatment Options, and the Five Es............ 162 Figures Figure 1: Community Risk Assessment Profiles and Sub-Topics .............................. 5 Figure 2: City of Oshawa – Schedule ‘A’ – Land Use – South Half ............................ 7 Figure 3: City of Oshawa – Schedule ‘A’ – Land Use – North Half ............................ 8 Figure 4: City of Oshawa Road Network – South Half ............................................. 12 Figure 5: City of Oshawa Road Network – North Half .............................................. 13 Figure 6: At-grade Rail Crossings ............................................................................ 16 Figure 7: Fire Propagation Curve ............................................................................. 33 Figure 8: Period of Construction of Residential Dwellings – Oshawa and Ontario ... 35 Figure 9: Building Height .......................................................................................... 39 Figure 10: Building Area Locations .......................................................................... 42 Figure 11: Hydrants ................................................................................................. 57 Figure 12: Population Density – City of Oshawa ...................................................... 62 Figure 13: 2008-2017 Residential Fire Death Rate by Age of Victim ....................... 64 Figure 14: Population Distribution – Oshawa and Ontario ....................................... 66 Figure 15: Percentage of Population Aged 65 and Older by Dissemination Area .... 68 Figure 16: Percentage of Population Age 0-14 Years Old by Dissemination Area .. 69 Figure 17: Median Total Income of Households in 2015 by Dissemination Area ..... 76 Figure 18: Percentage of Bottom Income Decile by Dissemination Area ................. 79 Figure 19: Percentage of Top Income Decile by Dissemination AreaError! 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