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Joiirnal (of Micropulueontology. 15: 83-95. 0262-821 X/96 $07.00 0 1996 British Micropalaeontological Society.

Holothurian sclerites from the of Jordan and their stratigraphic importance

WALlD SADEDDIN Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.

ABSTRACT - Holothurian sclerites are some of the most stratigraphically important microfossils of the of Jordan. Stratigraphically and palaeopeographically important faunas have been obtaincd by diissolving Triassic carbonate rocks with a dilute acetic acid. The oldest forms. Acanthoiheeliu jordanica Sadeddin. Priscopcdaiits qirudruiii.\ Kozur & Mostler. and Tetrcrvirga perforritrr Mostler. occur in the Hisban Formation (Anisian) in the area of the northeast corner ol the Dead Sea and Wadi Abu Oneiz. North of this area in Wadi Salit, holothurian faunas are especially characterized by the mass occurrence of Schizothrelrrr jorrlanica and Schizothrelia multiporuiri Kozur & Sadeddin in the lower part of the section (Fassanian) and Threlicr rribrrcrrlr Kristan-Tollmann in the upper part (Longobardian). In spite of some differences. the Jordanian Middle Triassic holothurian faunas arc similar to those from the Northern and Gcrnianic Basin. and the Himalayas. As yet, no holothurian sclerites have been recovered from Jordanian Lower or Upper Triassic deposits. J. Micropalaeontol. 15( 1 ): X7-9.5. April 19%.

INTROD UCTIQN All studied specimens are deposited in the Department of Holothurians are a significant group of in the Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, modern fauna but have a limited record. They are Irbid, Jordan. rcprcsentcd only by sclerites ~~ small calcareous spicules formed in the body wall of the organism. Holothurian HOLOTHURIAN-BEARING SAMPLES - sclerites are widespread in micropalaeontological residues LITHOLOGY AND PALAEONTOLOGY but have only been the subject of limited study, e.g. Frizzell & Exline 1(195.%,h), Gilliland (1993). Northeast corner of the Dead Sea (Area 1 of Fig. 1) Holothurian :iclerites from Jordan were unknown until Samples Sl, 7b, Xb, TJ1, TJ6, TJ7. TJ17 and TJ19 were Kozur & Sadeddin (1 990) described the first holothurian taken from the Hisban Formation (Hisban Limestone sclerites from Middle carbonate rocks. Later, Member) and the Salit Formation from Wadi Hisban and Sadeddin (1991) describcd the new holothurian south of Jalda (Fig. la). Rcanthotheeliu j,ordunicu from early Middle Triassic rocks of The Hisban Limestone Member consists of massive thick the Pelsoriian (middle Anisian). Sadeddin & Kozur (1992) grey limestone beds in the base (Sl), followed by wavy discussed the geographic distribution of Theelia tiiherciila bedded grey limestone ‘Wellenkalk’ (7b). fossilifcrous Kristan-Tollmann and its Triassic distribution. Kozur & marly, grey to yellowish limestone (8b) with frequent Sadeddin (1992) described the new family Schizotheelidae bivalves (Placiinopsis sp.), brachiopods (Coenothyris and two new species: Schizotheeliu jordanicu and S. uirlguris, Aulacothyri.s cf. A. agniistu) and cephalopods t?i 11 Itipora r‘a and the new Schiz o~can thoth ediu from (Betieckeia spp., Gernzanonui~~iliisbidor.\utii.s) and thin the Fassanian (early Ladinian). Further investigations by layers of yellowish (subordinate reddish) marl. dissolving Triassic carbonate rocks from different localities Sample SI which was takcn from the lower part of the using dilute acetic acid solutions indicate that Triassic Hisban Limestone Member (massive limestone) at Wadi sediments in Jordan frequently contain holothurian sclerites Siyala contains the holothurian sclerites: Tlieeliu prrtinufor- (see Fig. 2). Upper carbonate rocks mis Mostler, Calclurnnu gertiiunic.a Frizzcll and Exlinc, (C‘enomanian-Turonian) have also been found to be rich in Cul(~1amria trettoensis Mostler, Theelia zripfei Kozur & holothuria n sclerites (Sadeddin, in preparation). Mostler. In this paper, Triassic rock sequences from various Saniplc 7b from the grey wavy limestone beds (in Wadi localities in which holothurian sclerites occur are briefly Hisban) contains a rich assemblage of holothurian sclerites discussed; holothurian sclerites aire described from strata of comprising mostly the genus Calclaninu: Culclarnnu sp.. C. the Anisian (Hisban Formation) and Ladinian. To date, no niirlu Mostler, C. trettoensis Mostler and few Thc~dia holothurian sclerites have been obtained from tbc lower (Threlia cf. rniielleri Kozer & Mostler). Triassic (Skythian) of Jordan. Holothurian sclerites from the Sample Xb was taken from the fossiliferous marly ic () outcrops have not yct been limestone 10 m above sample 7b. It contained a rich sclerite documented (although the lower part of the rock sequences fauna dominated by species of Theeliu such as Theeliu at Wadi Huni could be placed into Cordevolian (lower gerrririnica Kozur, Tlzeeliu plunorhiciilu Mostler, 7’heeliu sp., Carnian). Achistriirn monochordata Hodson t’t a/., Culcancoru sp.

83 Sadeddin

I

b 3 in from deposits deposits Triasic Triassic the the of of sections Lithology (d) ('olumnar 3. (a) Area in River. Salit Zarqa Wadi 4. froiii Naur: -3. section Adasiah: 1. General17ed Sea: (c) 2. J Dead thc Area ot in corner E Oiiei7 N- NE Abu I.

O.

.I Wadi areas: in bb 0-

D $ section Numbercd 1. map. Area Investiptcd in (b) Ltrntion I. Huri 1. Fig. Area Wadi

84 Holothurian sclerites from Jordan

-.-- Ani! Ladinian ,j Carnisn Pelsonian Ill rian Fassanian Longobardian ;Cordevolian r4-r *

I n Acanthotheelia jordanica Priscopedalu r quadratus . 7efrmwgaperfiwata n Tetrvirga nnperforata .ma Cnlclamna gernranica . . Calclamna tretloen 71 s 0 Achr&uni sp 0 Theelra cf nrullrporato 0 Theelta gerinanica I Theelia palinajornrrs C) . Theelra zapJei 0 Theelra mulfrradiafa 0 Theelia planorhicula . Achistrum nionochordata 0 Calclamna nuda 0 Calclamna sp 00 0 Theelra cf muelleri 0 Praeeuphronrder muitrperJorata 0 Acanthotheelia cf ladinrca .0 Theelta sp rankli aff x+ Schizotheelia jordanica I Schizofheelra multipora fa .. An+++.+ Theelra tubercula Theeiia cf barkeyi . . Theeha immissorbicula . Theelia multiplex 0. T cf variabilis slovakensis . IAcanthofheelra mockr 0 = 1-5 = 20-35 0 = 5-10 -I- ~35-70 A = 10-20 x = > 100 Fig. 2. Stratigraphic distribution 01 thc holothurian sclcritcs found in the present study.

Sample.. 7’51;‘ and TJIY were collected from the upper Naur (Area 3 of Fig. 1) portion 01 thc Jalda section which belongs to the lower part Samples 15, IS”, 8. 4 and 4, were collected from the Salit of Salit Formation (lower part of member A) which consists Formation at Wadi Salit west of Naur (Fig. lc). Samples 15 01 sandy limestone beds with Trigonodits, dolomitic and IS” were taken from the sandy limestones (lower part of limestone and :sandy dolomitic limestone. These samples member A). In these samples abundant holothurian sclerite yield the folluwing holothurian sclerites: Schizotherliu faunas have been found that are dominated by the genus Iordunicu Kozur & Sadeddin. Schizotheelia niiiliilioratrc Schizotheelia. and include Schizotheelia jordanica Kozur & Kozur & Sadeddin (dominant), Priscopcdatus sp. (few), Sadeddin. Scliizothtdia ndtiporara Kozur & Sadeddin. 77zrrlitr sp. (solitary). Also present are Acanthoihrelia cf. A. ladinica Kozur & Mostler, 77zerliu sp. aff. T. zankli Kozur & Simon, a few unidentified sclerites (poorly preserved PriscopedaiiLs) and a Adasiah (Area 2! of Fig. 1) rich assemblage containing among other forms Samples N8 (NTS) and NY were collected from the Hisban frequent Pseitrl(~,frirnishiiispriscus Sadeddin. Formation (lower part of the Hisban Limestone Member) at The holothurian-bearing samples 8, 4”, and 4 were taken Wadi Abu Oneiz 2.5 km SW of Adasiah (Fig. Ib). Both from member B of the Salit Formation which consists of samples were taken from the massive, thick bedded grey limestones, dolomites, dolomitic limestone, mark and shales limestone (N9 is 5 m above N8). They yielded rich in the form of streaks and lenticular deposits. Sample 8, holothurian sclerite faunas containing Teirauirgu perforuta collected from limestone beds with Trigonodus and Mostler, C’alclum~nagermanicu Frizzell & Exline, Culclunina Posidonia that are overlain by a 4 m volcanic intrusion sp., Achi.striini sp., Pri.ccopedatii~ yiiurlraiits Kozur & (tracyandesite sill), contains the holothurian sclerite Theelia Most Icr, 14 canthotherliu jordanica Sadeddi n , Threlia sp., tiihrrc~ula Kristan-Tollmann and also yields frequent Thcclia zapfei. Kozur & Mostler. (Pseiid~~,fzirni.shizr.s.sosiorn.sis Gullo CYC Kozur).

85 Sadeddin

Anisian age. The basal portion of the upper part of the Jalda Samples 4" and 4 were collected from the upper portion of the Salit Formation (upper part of member B) which section consists of fossil-free, brownish weathered, hyper- consists of 30 ni limestone with nodular, fossiliferous layers saline dolomites, cellular dolomites. sandstones and and dolomites containing some banded, platy fossiliferous dolomitic sandstones. These sediments correspond in facies to the higher upper part of the hypersaline Germanic middle layers. Sample 4 contains a rich assemblage of holothurians belonging to Theclin cf. barkeyi Kozur & Simon, T. (Kozur, 1974). They are also overlain by the 7'. basal beds of the upper Muschelkalk, which consist of sandy irnrnissorbicrilti Mostlcr, 1'. miiltiplex Speckmann, Theelia cf. T.nzu1tiplr.w Speckmann, TIzrelirz cf. T.vuriahi1i.s slovakerzsis limestones, dolomites, dolomitic limestones, often with mass Kozur and Mock. and Theelicr sp. Sample 4, collected from occurrences of Trigonodus (samples TJ 17-TJ 19) and the same beds (10 m above 4"). contains exclusively 7heelia containing conodonts (Pser~dofi~rnishiirspriscirs, P. trrhercola Kristan-Tollmann. Sample 4" also contained siytrluensis) of Fassanian (early Ladinian) age (Sadeddin, frequent conodonts including Psciidofiirnishiir.s nzirrcinniis 1090: Sadeddin Br Kozur, 1992). These fossil-free sediments Van Den Boogaard (exclusively monoplatform type) and could he placed into the Illyrian (uppermost Anisian). Ritclrrrou~~gr~urhii~sriziingoensis (Diebel). The lower and middle part of thc Jalda section can be correlated with the section of Wadi Hisban, whereas strata Zarqa River (Area 4 of Fig. 1) referred to the upper part of the Jalda section are not Sample H3 belongs to the Abu Ruweis Formation (Fig.ld) exposed in Wadi Hisban. from Wadi Huni (basal part. carbonate member) which comprises dolomites, dolomitic limestone, marly limestone, Ahu Oneiz section (Fig. lb) marl, sandy marl and cellular dolomite. This sample. which No age diagnostic microfossils have been found in the basal was collected from the marly limestone contains holothurian part of this section. Based on lithostratigraphic correlation sclerites belonging to Theelia riihercirla Kristan-Tollmann, with analogous sequences in area I, a lower Anisian age is TlircTlirr cf. T. harkeyi Kozur & Simon and frequent justiticd for this part. In the middle and upper part of this conodonts comprising exclusively Birrdirrovigntithirs nfiin- section which represents the Hisban Limestone Member, goerz,si,s (Diebel) and B. nio.stleri Kozur. The lowcr part of holothurian faunas have been found (samples N3, N7, N8. this sequence (sandy marl) contains ostracods: NY, and Nx) that are especially characterized by the oldest 1,irtkeuichinellrr cyyleri Kozur. Acanthorheelia (Acunthothrdiajordanica Sadeddin. 1YYl). A Pelsonian (middle Anisian) age (well dated by a conodont AGE OF THE ROCK SEQUENCES WHERE fauna collccted by the author with Nicoraella gerrnanicu, HOLOTHURIAN SCLERITES HAVE BEEN FOUND Nicoruella kockeli and hrdgarica) is war- The agc of the Triassic rock sequences in Jordan were ranted for the middle and upper part of Abu Oneiz determined primarily by the use of conodonts Kozur, (e.g. sequence. 1968, 1974, 19x0, 1989: Gullo & Kozur. 1080; Sadeddin, 1990: Sadeddin & Kozur, 1992), partly by cephalopods, Wadi Salit section (Fig. lc) brachiopods and pelecypods (e.g. Cox, 1924: Wagner, 1934: The basal portion of this and the uppermost portion of the Parnes. 1975). Conodonts from thc study area have been Jalda section are very similar . Samples 15. IS', IS" and investigated in detail and documented by Sadeddin (in press. IS"' contain abundant holothurians that are also especially Paliiontographica abt. A) characterized by Schizotheelia jordanica and Schizothedia Wadi Hisban section (Fig. la) tizirltiporatu. The accompanying conodonts collected by the Based on conodonts (belonging to Nrogonr/olella hiilgaric~a), author (P,~eiidofitrnishiii.spriscirs) are analogous to those of a middle Anisian (Pelsonian) age is warranted for the lower the upper portion of Jalda section, indicating a Fassanian part of this section. The presence of Parrigondolrllrr (early Ladinian) age. No holothurian sclerites have been htitihirlogi in sample 7b, C;ontlolellrr constrictrr in sample Xb, found in the samples directly above samples 14, 13, 12. II. and accompanying macrofossils such as ammonites from the lowcr part of this section. The presence of (Heneckeitr Irvuntinu) and brachiopods (Coenothyris Budrrrovignuthu.s triienipyi Hirsch in sample 12 indicates an vidgnris) indicate an upper Anisian (Illyrian) age for the uppermost Fassanian (Fassanian/ Longbardian) age for this middle and upper part of this succession. part of the section. In samples 10. 8. 7, 7",h, 6, 5, S", 4, 4' and 4" holothurian sclerites have been recorded that are Jalda section (Fig. la) characterized by the frequent occurrence of Theelia The holothurian-bearing samples TJ 1. TJ6 and TJ7 from the tuhc,rciila which appears in all samples except sample 7 and basal part of Jalda section yielded conodonts referred to 7". Samples 10 and 8 contain conodonts belonging to Neogot idolella hir lgriricrr indicating a middle A nisi an age P.seirdofiirni.shiiis sosioensis which Gullo & Kozur (1 989) (Ko7ur. 19x9). Samples TJlOLTJ14 from the middle part of placed in the lower Longobardian: macrofossils have also the Jalda wction contain poorly preserved holothurian been reported comprising Trigonodits sp. (sample lo), and sclerites ( Tiirrlia spp.). The accompanying conodonts Posidonicr wengensis (sample 8). P1uciinopsi.s fiubelliinz has be longi ng to Paragon rloldlrr htrri biilogi. Goridolella been found in the horizon from which samples 7 and 7" were hifiircot(i. Goriclolc4Ia cotistricta and macrofossils comprising collected. These samples and samples 6, h', 6". 5 and 5" have ammonites (Bctwkeirr sp.). brachiopods (Coenorh~~ris yielded highly evolved representatives of Pseudofiimishiirs uir1gari.s) and bivalves (Plrrcunopc.i.s sp.) indicate an upper tiiirrcicrriiis (biplatform type) and a middle Longobardian

86 Holothurian sclerites from Jordan

age is indicated for this part of the succession. In samples 4. Most 1e r , Cu Iclrmi na fretto ensis Most 1e r , Th1, r liii gcrn iati icu 4’ and 4 which contain frequent Therlia tiiherciila, Kozur, Thrrlia cf. T. mitellrri Kozur & Mostler, lherlia conodont:s comprising Psc.iidoji*rnishiiis micrciunii.~ plariorhiciilu Mostler. Theelin niitltiradiatri Kozur, 77ierlia (exclusively rnionoplatform type) and Biidurovignuthirs sp., Acliistriini monochorriata Hodson, Harris and Lawson miingoensis, partly transitional to Biulicrouignathiis dieheli, arc present. have been found. This level (4, 4’, 4”) belongs to the higher The Fassanian (early Ladinian) holothurian sclerite Longobardian-Ladinian/Carnian boundary. The next higher associations from Wadi Siyala (top of Jalda section, Fig.la) beds which consist of dolomite, gypsum, cellular dolomite and from Wadi Salit section (Fig.lc) are characterized by are analogous to the germanic lower ’Gipskeuper’ and the the mass occurrence of Scliizotheelia jordanica Kozur & adjacent areas. Based on lithostratigraphic correlation with Sadeddin and Schizotheelirr miiltiporuta Kozur & Sadeddin. these sequenca, an early Carnian age is indicated for these In addition to Schizotheelirr, Acanthotherlia cf. A. lririinicci beds. Kozur & Mostler are also present. Forms without stratigraphic value such as Calclamna gernzatiicri Frizzell & Exline, Prueeiiphronides miiltiperforata Mostler and poorly Wadi Huni section (Fig. Id) prescrved Priscopt~dutit,s occur (see Kozur & Sadeddin, Based on the ‘conodonts Budiii~ouigtznthit.~nzungoensis and 1992). B. nzostlt~rian uppermost Longobardian-lowest Cordevolian The Longobardian (Upper Ladinian)-Lower Cordevolian age (I,andiniam/Carnian boundary) is indicated for the (Lower Carnian) holothurian associations from Jordan holothurian-bearing lower part of this section. which consist of: Achistriitn sp., Calclaninri gcwmnicu The middle and upper part of this section (gypsum and Frizzell & Exline, 7’heelia cf. T.hurkeyi Kozur & Simon, shale members of Abu Ruwais Formation) overlaying the Theeliu sp., Theeliu cf. T. uuriuhilis slouukensis Kozur & carbonate member, is correlatable with the top part of the Mock, Thediu inznzissorbicitla Mostler and Theeliu nzii1tiple.r Salit section (shale member is missing) and analogous to the Speckmann are characterized by the frequent occurrence of lower ‘Giipskeuper’ of the Germanic Basin and the adjacent Theeliu tiiherciilu Kristan-Tollmann. In Jordan. which areas (lower member of Mohilla Formation, Israel). On the belongs to the West Mediterranean--Arabian faunal basis of i.he lithostratigraphic co’rrelation with the aforcmen- province of the southern Tethys (sensii Kozur & Mostlcr, tioned sequences, an early Carriian age is warranted for the 1971) late Middle Triassic (Ladinian ) rocks yield the same middle and upper part of Wadi Huni section. holothurian species that occur in other rcgions of this province (Kozur & Sadeddin. 1992). Thcdia tiibm-iilu which has been regarded so far as an DISCUS,SION index species for thc Cordevolian (early Carnian) was found The Triassic of Jordan belonge’d to a marginal sea south of in the early Longbardian (early late Ladinian) of Jordan the southern Tethys. In Skythian sediments which are together with the conodont species P,teiitlofiirniJhiiis exposed at the eastern rim of the Dead Sea (twenty samples .so.sioensis Gull0 & Kozur. It occurs in shallow-water have been studied), no holothurian sclerites have been sediments as well as in pelagic sediments. is regarded as a found as yet. The first association appears in Anisian palaeogeographic indicator for the southern Tethys and its carbonate rocks from Wadi Siyala (area 1, Fig. 1, NE corner marginal seas, and has the same distribution as the conodont of the Dead Sea) and Wadi Abu Oneiz (area 2. Fig. I, genus ~.seiidofiirni.shiii.s Sadeddin & Kozur (1992), see also Adasiah) consisting of Calclarnna germanica Frizzell and Kozur & Simon (1972), Kozur et al. (1974). Kozur ct (11. Exline, Calcli~mnu trettoensis Mostler, Calclumnu sp., (1985). In the higher sediments (Wadi Salit and Wadi Huni, Priscopetlatus qicudruti~s Kozur & Mostler, Theelia cf. T. Fig.lc, d) which belong most probably to the early Carnian. nziiltiporirta Kozur, Threliu zupfei Kozur & Mostler. no holothurian sclerites have been found. Tetruuirga imperforata Frizzell and Exline and Tetruuirga In addition to holothurian sclerites crinoid debris. prrforrrtci Mostler. echinoids, conodonts, ostracods, foraminiferans, mic- These associations are characterired by the frequent robivalves, microgastropods and fish remains are present in occurrerice of Acanthothec~lia jorrlunicn Sadeddin which most studied samples. No relationship could be discerned appears in thc Pelsonian of Jordan. According to Mostler between the presence or abundance of holothurians with (1970, 1973) Acanthotheelia Frizzell & Exline appears in the any of these fossil groups. Illyrian (Upper Anisian) of the northern calcareous Alps, Hungary and western Carpathians. Kozur (1969) and Kozur & Mostler (1970) did not report Acanthothrelia in the SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY holothurian sclerite associations from the Pelsonian (Middle Thc classification followed is that of Frizzell & Exline Anisian) of thc Germanic Basin. (1955h), which is based on the morphology of the sclerites. The early Middle Triassic I( Anisian) holothurians from and has an artificial character. Jordan are, with some differences, similar to thosc of North Tethyan faunas known from the northern Alps, western Family Stichopitidae Frizzell & Exline, 19556 Carpathians and the Germanic Basin (Sadeddin, 1991) Genus Tetruuirga Frizzell & Exlinc, 195% In the Illyrian (Upper Anisian) from Wadi Hisban and Tetravirga perforata Mostler, 1968 Wadi Siyala (Fig.1 a) Calclamnu sp., Culclanirin niitlu (PI. 1, fig. 1)

87 Sadcddin

2 3 1

5

6

4

7 10

9

12 I1 8 Plate 1 Holothurian sclerites f’rom Jordan

1968~7druuirgtr pcvfi)rcritr n. sp. Mostler: 10. pl. I, figs 6-7. 1987 Acliistriitn hichordata Soodan & Whatley: 186, pl. 1, Material. 15 specimens. fig. F. Occurrence. Pelsonian of Jordan. Anisian: Germanic and 1992 Achistrrim monochordnta Gilliland: 194-196, pl. 4, figs Alpine Triassic (Pelsonian-lllyrian). 1-8 (with synonyms). Family Calclamnidae Frizzell & Exline, 1 955h Occurrence. Illyrian (middle Triassic) of Jordan; early Genus Calclamna Frizzell & Exline. 1955h to worldwide. Calclamna germanica Frizzell & Exline, 195517 Remarks. The single specimen present, recorded from the (PI. 1. figs 2, 4) Middle Triassic (fossiliferous marly limestone) differs from all other forms of the genus by commonly having a single 195% C blcluninrr geriiiunictr n. sp. Frizzell & Exline: bar across the eye. The reporting of this species from 76-77. pl. 2. figs 1-5. early Carboniferous to early Cretaceous by many authors, Material. 28 specimens. contradicts the statement of Frizzell & E: he (1966) that Occurrence. Pelsonian. Illyrian of Jordan ( Hisban Limes- the eye of Achisfrmrn is simple in earlier forms, but tone): Atiisian--l,iassic. becomes cross-barred in later forms. Remarks. c‘. g~rnitrnicer is very much like C. noricer Kozur Family Priscopedatidae Frizzell & Exline, 1955 & Mock. 1972 from lower of Slovakia. differing in Genus Priscopedatus Schlumberger, 1890, emend. Frizzell the smaller sizc, fewer perforations (15-38 in C’. noricn). & Exline The cenl ral holes of C. ,yrrnrm7ic.er are essentially larger Priscopedatus quadratus Kozur & Mostler, 1970 than the surrounding holes, while those of C. norictr are (PI. I, fig. 6 - 7) of same size or slightly larger. 1970 Prisc~oprdtrtrrs qitudrutits n. sp. Kozur CG Mostler: Calclamna trettoensis Mostler, I979 371-372, pl. 3, figs 2-3. (PI. I, fig. 3) Material. 4 specimens. Occurrence. Pelsonian of Jordan: Pelsonian of germanic 1979 Crrlc~lariintrtrettoctisis n. sin. Mostler: 337-338, pl. 3, basin; Pelsonian Tethyan Triassic. figs. 1-1 I., 13. of Material. 3 specimens. Family Theeliidae Frizzel & Exline, 195% Occurrence. Pelsonian of Jordan: Pelsonian of Tretto Genus Acanthotheelia Frizzel & Exline, 195% (Vicentin, 1taly)l. Acanthotheelia jordanica Sadeddin, 199 1 Remarks. Calclwintr trerrocvzsis shows some similarities to (PI. 1, fig. 1-3) gorn/otiica Frizzell & Exline, IU55. differing in having C’. 1991 Acantkotheeliu jortlunica 11. sp. Sadeddin: 234-235: many more holes. irregular outline and smaller central pl. I, figs. 1-5. holes. C’.riorictr Kozur CG Mock, 1972 is larger and has Material. 14 specimens. rounded to oval. larger holes (especially the central holes). Occurrence. Pelsonian of Jordan (in the lower part of Family Achistridae Frizzell CG Exline, 1955 Hisban Limestone) 25 m below the ‘Terebratel beds‘ with Genus Achistr,um Etheridge. 18x1 emend Frizzel & Beneckeia spp. Exline, 1055 Description. Wheel-like large sclerite with 7-9 spokes and Achistrurn monochorduta Hodson, [Harris & Lawson. I956 subcircular to polygonal outline. Periphery always with (PI. 1, fig. 5) one large spine opposite to every interspoke space. Distal ends of spines often expanded knob-like. Rim moderately I955 C’dc/igriltr ,hrrcki n. sp. Friz;xll & Exline: 70-71. pl. 1, broad, its inner margin not or only slightly bent inward. tig. 2X. Spokes moderately long, straight, mostly broad but some I056 Achisfnrni ,/ionoe~torrlu/tr n. sp. Hodson, Harris & times narrow, of equal width throughout. Hub small to Lawson: 340-341. text-figs 10-1 I medium-sized. llpper surface of hub convex and some- 1978 Rchistnrr~ triassiclrm Gadzicki. Kozur, Mock & times higher than upper margin of rim. Lower surface .~ I rammer: 360, pl. 49. figs 4-6. slightly convex to plane. - Explanation of Plate 1

Fig. 1. Tt,/rwir,qi /wrforu/c~Mosller. sample NX. Pelsoni;in. Repository number SI/X/71/88.Wadi Abu Oncii’. X 1.55. Fig. 2. C‘alclunznrr ,ymrrrrrrc.lr Frizzell bz Exline. sample NX. Pelsonian, Rep. no. S1 /8/66/88, Wadi Abu Oneis. X22.5. Fig. 3. Cnlclunznrr rrrrroensis Mostler. sample ‘7b. lllyrian. Rep. no. S1/14/168/88, Wadi Hisban. X 165. Fig. 4. Crilclernrr7(1 Xernzcmicu Frinell bz Exline, sample 7b, Illyrian. Rep. no. S1/14/IX3/SX.Wadi Hisban. X 165. Fig. 5. Ac,hi.strlrnr morzochordrirri Hodson, Harris & Lawson. sample 8b. Illyrian, Rep. no. S1/11/129/88, Wadi Hisban, X lS5. Figs 6-7. Priscopcv/ri/ir\ qrrrrdrrrrrrs Komr bz Mostlcr. Fig. 6: sample NC), Pelsonian, Rep. no. S1/8/64/88. Wadi Abu Oneiz. x220: Fig. 7: sample N9. Pelsonian. Rcp. no. SI / IX/293/8X. Wadi Ahu Onci;., X2.10. Figs 8-9. Accmthotheelin jordnnicrr Sadcddin. sample N8. Pclsonian. Rep. no. Sl/C)/77,82/8X, Wadi Abu Oncii., X 1.15. Fig. 18. Ac.urrr/iotlrc.c.lirr)~~rc,c,lificf. A. luofinica Kozur bz Mostler. sample 1.5, Fassanian (early Lacliriian). Rep. no. S1/1/17/XX. upper view Wadi Snlil. X280. Fig. 11. Aconrlrotlzrelicr mocki Kozur, sample WA 13, Longobardian (late 1,adininan). Rcp. no. 42/93. Naur arca. X 150. Fig. 12. Tlwclici ;trpft,i Kozur Kr Mosllcr, sample TJ6, Pelsonian. Rcp.no. S1/10/113/88. lower vieu. 2 km :south of Jalda. 2:200.

89 Sadeddin

3 1 2

6 5 4

12

8 7

10 9 11

Plate 2

YO Holothurian sclerites from Jordan

Remarks. Acrinthothwlia jordaniccr is very similar to Remarks. Therliti imrnissorhic~itlm Mostler, 1968h which is Acanthorherlia mocki Kozur, 1985 and A. uirgiliac, Kozur, known from late Anisian-late Norian, a probable 1985 (from Ihe Cordevolian of Spain), but both are synonym of T. gcwnanica. However, T. ir?iniissorhicirlu has smaller (for measurements, see Sadeddin, 1991) than A. a very high hub (considerably higher than the plane of the jordanica. The rim of A. mocki is broader than the rim of rim). T. sithcircdata Mostler, 196% is also similar to 7‘. A. jorrlanica and the rim of A. jordnnica is broader than gernzanicm but it differs in having predominantly subcircu- the rim of A. uirgiliae. lar, undulating outline and a smaller hub. 7’. synapra Gilliland, 1992, shows some similarity, but it is distingu- Acanrhotheelia cf. A. ladinica Kozur & Mostler, 1971 ished by the number of spokes (7-15, predominantly (PI. 1, fig. 10) 10-13), the teethed inner margin of the rim and the Occurrence. Fassanian (Lower Ladinian) of Jordan, median ridge on the spokes. The illustrated specimen on together with Pseudofiirnishiit.~ priscics. P. siyaluensis plate, 3, fig. 9, may be a synonym of T. gcwnanicri. T. (Conodonta) and Schizotheelia rnirlriporuta, Scliizorhrelirr zapfei Kozur & Mostler, 1970 is very much like T. and may by identical to it. However. it has jordnnica (Holothuroidea). gerrnanica Remarks. This form (only one specimen is present) differs fewer spokes and a less inwardly bent margin. from A. ladinica Kozur & Mostler by its smaller size. Theelia immissorbicula Mostler, 1968b emend. Kozur & shorter spokes. Both the lower and upper surface of the Mock, 1972 hub in A, ladiflieu Kozur & Mostler are flat. (PI. 3. figs. 6. 8) Acanthotheelia mocki Kozur, 1985 1968b Theeliu irnn7issorhicitla n. sp. Mostler: 26-27, pl. 5. (PI. 1, fig. 11) fig. 1. Occurrence. Uppermost Longobardian (late Ladinian) of 1985 Acunrhotheelia mocki Kozur Kozur ef (11.: 106. pl. 1, Jordan, Pelsonian, early Norian of Alps : late Anisian and figs 1-4. Carnian of Bulgaria. Material. 9 specimens. Theelia cf. T. muelleri Kozur & Mostlcr, 1970 Occurrence. Cordevolian (early Carnian) of Spain: Lon- (PI. 2, fig. 1) gobardian (late Ladinian) of Jordan. Occurrence. Illyrian of Jordan. Remarks. See A. jordanica. Remarks. This form (only one specimen is present) differs Theelia cf. T. barkeyi Kozur 81 Simon, 1972 from 7.. nzuelleri Kozur & Mostler: the hub of T. niirellrri (PI. 3, figs 3-4) is smaller and lies obviously below the upper plane of the rim and the lower surface of the hub is plane to slightly Occurrence. Uppermost Longobardian (late Ladinian) of concave. Jordan. Theelia multiplex Speckmann, I968 Remarks. This form differs from T. harkeyi Kozur & (PI. 3, figs 9-10) Simon by its shorter, wider spokes. 1968 Theelia multiplex n. sp. Speckmann: 4. figs 1-3. Theelia germanica Kozur. 196Y Occurrence. Uppermost Longobardian (late Ladinian) of (PI. 2. fig. 4) Jordan, together with P.seirdofitrnish iiis 111 iircicrn i1.5 , Wadi Salit section: it is also reported from Cassian beds of 1969 Thecplia gerrnanica n. sp. K’ozur: 148-152, pl. 1, figs 1 eastern Alps (late Ladinian). 3. 6: pl. 2, figs 1-2, 5-8. Theelia cf. T. multiplex Speckmann. 1968 1970 Thecdia gerrnanica Kozur & Mostler: 377-378, pl. 2, (PI. 3, figs 11-14) figs 1-8. Occurrence. Uppermost Longobardian (late Ladinian) of Material. 7 specimens. Jordan. of Occurrence. lllyrian Jordan (middle Triassic) from the Remarks. This form differs from 7’. rnirliiplex by having fossiliferou,s marly limestone beds ‘Terebratel beds’ with wider spokes with the same width throughout. Hcm,ckei leuantinu (Hisban Formation): Lower Anisian- Pelsonian (middJe Anisian) of germanic basin; from the Theelia planorbicula Mostler, 1968 lriassic of Spiti (Himalaya, India). (PI. 2, figs 2-3)

Explanation of Plate 2 Fig. 1. Tlzwlia cT. 71 nnrellrri Kozur & Mostler, sample 7b. Illyrian. Rcp. no. S1/14/167/88. Wadi Hisban. X 165. Figs 2-3. Tkelicr planorhicrrlrr Mostler. Fig. 2: sample Xb, Illyrian. Rep.no. S1/10/112/XX. X200: Fig. 3: Samplc Xb, Illyrian. Rep. no. S1/11/118/88, X165, Wadi Hisban. Fig. 4. Thtdirr g

91 sadcddin

1 2 3 4

5 7 6

10

8

9 13

I1 12 14

Plate 3

Y2 Holothurian sclerites from Jordan

1968b 7'hrc~lirrplunor0ic.rilu n. sp. Mostler: 28. pl. 5. fig. 3 Theelia zapfei Kozur & Mostler, 1970 1968 Tlieeliu ,rr/fu 11. sp. Speckmann: 208, pl. 3, fig. 1. (PI. I. fig. 12) Occurrence. lllyrian (late Anisian) of Jordan. from the 1068 Tiieeliu sp. Speckmann: 212-213, pl. 3, fig. 6. fossiliferous marly limestone 'Terebratel beds' with 1Y70 Thecliu zapfei n. sp. Kozur & Mostler: 382, pl. 4, figs Bctic,ck(,ia spp.. Anisian-Norian of Europe, Middle 21, 23, 25. Triassic of India (Himalaya). Material. 3 specimens. Occurrence. Pelsonian of Jordan, Pelsonian of germanic Theelia tubercula Krr , I Y 63 basin and Tethyan Triassic. (PI. 2, figs 11-12: PI. 3. ligs 1-2 1 Y63 7;'iedirc /rrhcwtrlu Kristan-Tollmann: 396--370, pl. 8. Remarks. Thwliu zapfei is very closely related to. T. figs 1--6. .srrhc,irciilntrr Mostler, 1968b but the latter is larger and has Material. SO specimens. 21 subcircular outline. Thrclia germatzicu Kozur, 1969 is Occurrence. Longobardian and ('ordevolian of southern also very similar, but differs by its larger number of Tethys and its marginal seas. spokes. Remarks. Thedirr prnlorigiuc Kristan-Tollmann, 1 Y63 also Theelia cf. T. zawidzkae Kozur & Mock. 1972 possesses tubercles arranged like that of 7.. ttrOc,rc.itltr, but (PI. 2, fig. 5) only on the upper surface of the rim. 7'herliu zutikli Kozur & Simon, 1Y72 possesses at the outer margin of its rim Occurrence. lllyrian (late Anisian) of Jordan. vertical sharp-onding edges opposite the interspoke spaces. Remarks. The only specimen present is very much like T. In both the ulpper and lower vicw, thcsc edges have the zuwidzkat, Kozur & Mock, 1972 from the lower Norian of appearance of ,short spines. Occasionally the cdgcs are Slovakia. differing by its smaller size and by having spokes divided in thc middle into two short spines that are of the same width throughout. Theelia norica Mostler, located tiicing one another at the upper and lower part of IY69 from Norian of Steinbergkogel, , which was the outer margin of the rim. 'These forms have some also recorded by Kozur & Mock (1972) from the lower similarity with T. /i(twrcri/(r but without rounded or Norian of Slovakia is also similar, but differs in having truncatcd tubercles and the rim is unsculpturcd opposite three spokes tapering strongly near the hub and smaller the spokes. hub. Theelia cf. T. ivariabilis slouakensis Kozur & Mock, 1Y72 Family Schizotheelidae Kozur & Sadeddin, 1092 (PI. 3. fig. 7) Genus Schizotheelia K ris tan -To1lman n , 1 972 1066 Thci,lir/ ViiriuhiliJ n. sp. Zankl: 83, pl. 6, fig. 5a-c, Schizotheelia jordanica Kozur & Sadeddin, 1992 6-8: x; pl. 7. tip. 1-5. (PI. 2, figs 9-10) 1072 Thwlia uuri~hilis .slouukcti.si.s n. subsp. Komr & 1 YO2 Sc~hizotheclia jorrlunica n. sp. Kozur & Sadeddin: Mock: 23-~24.pl. XII, figs. 7-13, pl. XIII. figs 1-7. 10-14. figs 4, 5a-c, 6a-f, 7b-d. Occurrence. LJppermost Longobxdian of Jordan. Material. Several hundred specimens. Remarks. Thc only specimen present is closely related to Occurrence. Fassanian (early Ladinian) of Jordan, to- 7.. urrriuhri'is .slovukcrr.si,j. hut it is smaller and the spokes gether with Psetrdofitrtzi.slziri.s pr.iscrr.s Sadeddin, are of the same width throughout. /'.s(,rrtl(~,fiirni,shiits siyalaensis Sadeddin & Kozur, from Wadi Naur and Wadi Siyala (P. prisci4.s zone). Theelia sp. aff. T. zankli Kozur & Simon, 1972 Description. Hub round. small, lies slightly elevated above (PI. 2, figs 6-7) the plane of the sclerite on both sides or at the same Material. '7 specimens. level, with flat or slightly concave centre. From the hub inian (early Ladinian) lowerpart of Salit emanate 7-1 1, predominantly 9-10 narrow spokes of the Format ion. together with /',ssc,i ih/ii rti ishiirs pri.srxs same width throughout. Interspoke spaces drop-like, ( C'onodon I a) ant1 Schi; othccliu jordunic.u from Wadi N a ur pointing inwards, always larger than outer pores. Spokes (/'. pri.scrr.\ zone). are multi-furcated whereby the adjoining branches produce Remarks. The specimens can be compared with 7.. zurikli dilferent-sized pores, which generally become smaller Komr & Simon. 1972, (p. 149. pl. I, fig. 10. pl. 2. figs. 14. outwards. The pores are irregularly shaped: rounded, 20. 2 I) h-om Cordevolian (early Carnian) OF southern oval, or drop-like and may be elongated either parallel or Spain. but the latter species is larger. perpendicular to the periphery.

Explanation of Plate 3

Fig. I. I'liwlia t~r/wrc~/r/rrKristan~.l'ollniaiiil. \ample 3. upper l~oiigobardian,Rep. no. W2/7/7/90. upper view. X 180, Wadi Salit. Fig. 2. Thwliu /rr/wrc./r/tr Ki-istan-.l'ollmann, samplc H3. uppcrmo\t Longobardian Cordevolian (late Ladinian early Carnian). Rep. no.W2/7/20/90. lower view. X ISO. Wadi Huni. Figs 3-4. 7'lic~tlirrcf. 7'. horkc,,vi Kwur Xr Simon, sample 4". uppermost L,ongobardian, Rep. no. Sl/l9/3OS. 312/88. > 2x0. Wadi Salil. Fig. 5. 7'lirc~lrtrel. 7'. ;~ri/fr;,~.\i~r/);~i~/rrMosller. simple 4. uppermost Longohardinn. Rep. no. SI / 19/323/88. X230. Wadi Salit. Figs 6, 8. '/?ic,e/icr ;fff/ffr.\.\ijr~)i~,~i/r/Mosller, sample 4". uppermost Longobwrdian, Kcp. no. SI / I9/322. 3IS/XX: Fig. 6: lower view; Fig. X: upper view. X280. Wadi Salit. Fig. 7. 77rc~eliocl. 71 vo~-icrhr/i.t,s/owikcw.\i,\ samplc 4". uppermost I.ongob;irdian. Rep. no. S1/1 Y/330/88. upper view. X2XO. Wadi Salit. Figs Y-10. I'lrwlitr /mi/fip/c~.tSpeckmann, sample 4". uppermost Imngobardian. Rep. no. S1/19/310. 321 /8X, upper view, Fig. 0: X250: Fix. 10: X:!OO. Figs 11-14. Thc.c/itr cf. T. tn/~/~rp/c~.rSpeekmann le 4". uppermost Longobardian. Rep. no. Sl/I9/319 , 313, 309, 307/88, Fig. 11: X2XO: Fig, 12: XIYO; Fig. 13: X195: Fig. 14: X2SO. Wadi

93 Sadeddin

Remarks. Schizoacanthotheelia spiniperforata Zawidzka, Ciilliland, P. M. 1992. Holothurians in the Blue lias of southern Britain. Palar~onrology. 35: 159-210. 1971 from the upper Anisian of west Carpathian and from Gilliland. P. M. 1993. Thc Skeletal Morphology, Systematre.\ and Cordevolian of Spain, differs from Schizotheelia jordunica Euohrtionury lfistorv of Holofhuriuns. Special Papers in by having distally uni- or bi-furcated spokes. Schizotheelia Palaeontology No. 47. Palaeontological Association, London, schizomata Kristan-Tollmann, 1973 from Carninan of the 1-147. southern Alps, has lancet shaped, proximally and distally Gullo. M. & Kozur, H. 1989. fseridofirrnishi~rc.sosioensis n. sp.. a ~icwconodont species from the Ladinian of Sosio Valley, Western pointed interspoke spaces and pores. Schizotheelia multi- Sicily( ). (;eolo~isch-PalaontologischeMirteiliingen lnnshruck, porata Kozur & Sadeddin has small or unequally sized 16: 207-21 1. interspoke spaces. Hodson. F.. Harris. B. & Lawson, L. 1956. Holothrian spicules from the Oxfordian Clay of Redcliff near Weymouth(Dorset). Schizotheelia multiporata Kozur & Sadeddin, 19Y2 Ge(JhgiCU[ Mapzinc,. 93: 336-344. (PI. 2, fig. 8) Kozur. H. 1968. Conodonten aus dem Muschelkalk des germanisehen Binnen- beckens und ihr stratigraphischer Wert. 1992 Schi:olherliu nrultiporaiu n. sp. Kozur & Sadeddin: Gcdogic, 17(8): 930-946. Koiur, H. 1969. Holothurienskleritc aus der germanischen Trias. 14-15. fig. 8a -b. Mona/.~brrichteAkadtwiie Wissenschufren, Berlin. 11: 146-1 54 Material. 7 Specimens. Kozur, H. 1974. Die Conodontengattung Metapolygnathus Hayashi Occurrence. Fassanian (early Landinian) of Jordan, 1968 und ihr stratigraphischer Wert. C;eologisch-Puluontologische together with P,seiiciofurnishiiis prisciis Sadeddin and P. Mittei1rrngc.n lnnshriick, 4( 1 ): 1-35. si-yaluensis Sadeddin Koiur from Wadi Naur and Wadi Kozur. H. 1980. Revision der Conodontenzonierung der Mittel und bi Obcrtrias des tethyalcn Faunenreichs. Geologisch- Siyala P. pri.scirs zone). f(rliion/o/ogisehe Mitrrilringcw InnAhrrrck, 10(3/4): 79- 172. Description. Hub relatively large, flat or very slightly Ko7ur. H. 1989. Significance of Events in Conodont Evolution for arched. Spokes 10-13, short, narrow, The interspoke the and Triassic Stratigraphy. Courier Forschring.sin.stirut spaces are long oval-drop shaped, distally rounded. The Senkenberg, 117: 38.5-408. Kozur. H., Kampschuur, W.. Muldcr-Blanken, C. & Simon. 0. J. adjoining pores are large, generally elongate, rarely 1974. Contribution to the ostracode faunas of the Betic Zone irregularly shaped. Some of the adjoining pores are larger (southern Spain). Scriptu Geologicu. Ixiden, 23: 1-56, than the interspoke spaces. These pores are followed Kozur. H., Kampschuur. W., Muldcr-Blanken. C. & Simon, 0. J. distally by different sized but clearly smaller pores. The 1985. On the Triassic of the Betic Cordilleras (southern Spain) outer pores are rounded (rarely oval) drop shaped or I emphasis on holothurian sclerites. froceding~ Koninklijkc Nerlerlrindse Akudemie, B. 88( I): X3-110. irregular. Kozur. H. & Mock, R. 1972. Neue Holothurien-Sklerite aus dcr Remarks. Schizotheelia niiiliiporata Kozur & Sadeddin Trias der Slowakei. Grologisch-fuliionr(Jlogi.sche Mitteilringc~n differs from Schizotheelia .schizornula Kristan-Tollmann, lnn\hrirck, 2 (12): 1-47. 1973 and S. jordunica Kozur & Sadeddin by its unusual Ko7ur. H. & Mostlcr. H. 1970. Holothurien-Sklerite aus der Untcr short spokes and small interspoke spaces. und Mitteltrias des germanischen Beckcns und alpinen Raumcs sowie tlcren stratigraphische Bedeutung. Festhtmd Geologi.sche fnstitrr/, 3UO-Jahr-Feicr Universitlt Innsbruck. 361 -398. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Ko/ur, H.. & Mostler, €3. 1971. Problemc der conodontcnforschung in der lrias. -~uliioiitolo~~i.tche The author is indebted to Dr Paul Gilliland, Dr Giles Miller, Gcdogisck Mirtc~ilitngen1nn.shriick. l(4): I --l9. Professor J. Murray and Dr Jeremy Young for making Kojur. H. & Sadeddin, W. 1990. Holothurian sclerites from the corrections that improved the manuscript. Midd!e Jurassic of Wadi Huni. northwest Jordan. Mic.rop~ileontologv,36(4): 353-366. Kozur. H. & Sadeddin. W. 1992. Neue Holothurien-Sklcrite aus Manuscript received January 1994 dem Fassan (Friihes Ladin) von Jordanien. Eclogue C;eologic.uc~ Manuscript accepted May 1995 Helurticr~.85(3): 853-869. Ko7ur. H. & Sinion, 0. J. 1972. Contribution to the Triassic microfauna and Stratigraphy of the Betic Zone (southern Spain). REFERENCES Rcmsta E~priKola Micropnlroniologin. Numcro extraordinario. Cox. 1,. R. 1924. Triassic fauna trom thc Jordan Valley. Annul.\ rind XXX Aniversario ADARO: 143-158. Mngii:ine oj .Yrr/irrul Hisrory. L,ondon. 14(9):52-96. Kristan-Tollmann, E. 1963. Holothurien-Sklerite aus der Trias dcr Etheridgc. R. Jr. 1881. On the presence of the xattered skeletal Ostalpen. SrtirrngBrriehf~,drr Akrrciemic, dcr Wisseri.scliaften in remains of Holothuroidca in the Carboniferous Limestone Series Wieir. Abteilung 1. 172: 351-380. of Scot I and . Proceeding.\ of tli (, RovuI f h ilo s oph icrr 1 Socitq~, Kristan-'Tollmann. E. 1973. Einige neue mesoioische Holothuricn- L~dcnbnr,yli.6: I 83- 19X. Sklerite. Mirreilrrrrgrn der ,yeologischen Gesell.\chn,fr in Wien, Frii/ell. D. L. & Exline. H. 19SSu. Micropaleontology of 65( 1972): 123- 1.16. holothurian sclcrites. Mic.roi,trl~,.oirtoI,,gy,4: 335-342. Mostler. H. 1968b. Holothurien-Sklerite aus der oberanisischen Friz/ell. D. L. & Exline. H. l9SSh. Monograph of fossil holothurian Hallstiitterkalken (Ostaplcn. Bosnien, Tiirkci). sclerites. Birlletirr oj rhc~Mi.s.soirri Uiriiier,\iry Scliool of Mer~rllrrr~y VerV,~i~nrlrchrt~~gr~rdcr Uriiuersiriit Innshriic~k. Alpmkrrntilrche rrrlil Mines. 7'cdinicrrl Serre,. 89: 1 --204. Sllrdien. 7: 1-44. Fri~zell.D. L.. & Exline, H. 1966. Holorhirroitlc,n - fo,\sil rworrl. In Mostlcr. H. 196Xc. Ncue Holothurien-Sklerite aus der norisehen Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part IJ, Echinodermata Hallstiitter-kalken (Nordliche Kalkalpen). Buricht tles (2): C 646-IJ 672. Gcological Socicty of America. Kansas Nu/rrr~~is.scnschrrf/li~he~r-M~rliaini.sclienVc.rcJins in 1nn.shrirc.k. 56: UniverGty Prcs\. 427-441. Gazdzicki. A,. Komr. H.. Mock. K. & 'l'ranimer. J. 1978. 'Triassic Mostlcr. H. 1969. Entwicklungsreihen triassischcr Holothurien- Microfossils 11-om the Korytnica Limestones at Liptovska Osada sklerite. Verii,ffc.ntlichirngen dw Uniuersitiir lnnshnrck, Alpen- (Slovakia. CSSK) and their stratigraphic signilicance. A(.r(i kirndlic.h(~Strrdirn. 7: 1-53. Prrltrontologct (I Po/onrc~rl.23: 3.5 1-373. Mostler. H. 1970. llber cinigc t~olothurien-Skleriteaus der Sud-und Holothurian sclerites from Jordan

N ord a I pine n Trii as. Festhand Geologi,c.ch1, In;,titit I. 300- J a h r Sadeddin, W. & Kozur. 14. 1992. Zum alter und zur gcographischen -Feier Univcrsitat Innsbruck, 339-360. Verbreitung von 77ieuliir tirherc~tlir Kristan-Tollmann Mostler, H. 1073. Holothurien-Sklerite der alpincn Trias und ihrc (Holothurien-Skleritc). Neires ./uhrhuch jiir Geologir irnd 5tratigraphischc Bedeutung. Mitteihingen der C;e.sell.~cliufr F'ulaontologie, Monatshefte. 5: 292-302. iler Geologie itnd Berghaitsttrdmttw. Innsbruck, 21( 1972): 720- Schlumberger, C. 1890. Seconde note sur lcs holothuridCes fossiles 744. du calcaire Grossier. Birllerin de lir Soc.ic'tc' Gc'~lo,yiql~de Frirncc,. Mostler, H. 1979. Ein Beitrag mr mitteltriassischcn Mikrofauna von 3e Serics. 18: 191-218. Recoaro iund Tretto (Vicentin, Italien). Geologisch Soodan, K. S. & Whatley. R. 19x7. Fossil Holothuroidea from the Pi/liiorrtologische Mitteihrngen Innshruck. 9(9): 321 -35 I. Jurassic of Great Britain . Part 1. Joirrnal of Geoscrence. 8: Parnes, A. 1975. Middle Triassic ammonite biostratigraphy in Israel. 163-174. Geological Survey i!srurl Bulletin. 66 1-35. Speckmann. P. 196X. Hol~)thurien-Skleriteaus der Mittel-Trias der Sadeddin. W. 1990. P.vrudofitrnishi~*.\pri:icic.s n. sp. (Conodonta) and Ostalpen. Mittei1irnKc.n der. Btyrischm Srants.surnnilir,iR ,tirr its stratigraphical significance for the Ladinian (Middle Triassic) Puliiontologrr /inif Historische Geologie. 8: 197-2 18. in Jordan. Neires Jahrhuch ,fiir Geologie itnil Puliionfologio, Wagner. G. 1934. Deutscher Muschelkalk am Toten Meer. Nntirr 11. A hhund1imgc.n. 178(3): 369-382. Volk. 64(2): 449-454. Sadeddin, W. 1991. Acunrhotheelia jordanictr n. sp.. A new Zankl. H. 1966. Holothurien-Sklerite aus dem Dachstcinkalk (Oher holothurian sclerite species from the Pelsonian (middle Anisian) Trias) der niirdlichen Kalkalpen. Pi'trliionto/ogi.tc/?r Zeirtchrifl. ot Jordan. R~~~istaI:.\paiiolu de Mic~ropc/leontolog/a.23: X3-XX. 40( 1 /2): 70-88. Sadeddin, W. (in press). Conodont-Biostratigraphy and paleogeog- Zawid/ka. K. 1971. Triassic holothurian scleritcs from 'fatra raphy of the Triassic in Jordan. PuliiontoRraphica trht. A. Mountains. Actu Ptrluc,ontologiec~ Polonica, 16 429-450.