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Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results Volume
von Rad, U., Haq, B. U., et al., 1992 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 122 27. PALEONTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE TRIASSIC AGE OF ROCKS DREDGED FROM THE NORTHERN EXMOUTH PLATEAU (TETHYAN FORAMINIFERS, ECHINODERMS, AND OSTRACODES)1 Edith Kristan-Tollmann2 and Franz Gramann3 ABSTRACT A very Late Triassic age can be proven by the microfaunal investigation of samples dredged from the northern Exmouth Plateau close to Ocean Drilling Program Site 764. The samples were previously regarded as Lower Jurassic sediments. The microfossils of known stratigraphic ranges show predominant Tethyan affinities. In samples dredged during Sonne cruise 8 (1979) from the northern slope of the Wombat Plateau, an Early Jurassic age is excluded by the presence of Frondicularia rhaetica, Berthelinella rhaetica, Fissobractites subsymmetrica, Ophioflabellum cristatum, Ophiacantha ? binitorulosa, Mostlerella n. sp., and Hasibuana asiatica. As a whole, a Rhaetian age is indicated. This age is also suggested by the foraminifers Coronipora austriaca and Variostoma sp., from determinations in limestone thin sections. Samples from Rig Seismic cruise 56 (1986), also from the northern slope of the Wombat Plateau, contain an assemblage of foraminifers known from the Triassic and observed in thin sections of carbonate rocks. They include Trocholina crassa, Trocholina laevis, Variostoma sp., and Variostoma coniforme. In combination with the lithofacies, the assemblage is characteristic for the Rhaetian Dachsteinkalk facies of the Northern Calcareous Alps of Austria. Thin sections from rocks dredged from Cygnet Canyon are rich in Glomospirella friedli and suggest a Norian to Rhaetian age. A thin section from the nearby Emu Escarpment contains sections of the Anomuran coprolite Octotriangulella septemtriangula Kristan-Tollmann, which is also present in upper Anisian rocks of Papua New Guinea. -
Upper Devonian Deposits At. G6rno in the Holy Cross M Ts
.: .......; ': aCla' :" geologlca polonica Vot 31. No. 3-4 . :; ... KRlZYBZTOF MALKOWSKJ Upper Devonian deposits at . G6rno In the Holy Cross M ts ..,' '1 · ' . -.. .. '. ; .. ~ ~ : , . .. AlBS'IlRA.OT: The lith010gy af the Upper lDevionian >oarobona'te deposits of the· -e:nvlTons off Gor.no, alo.ni· wiih .thed.r oonc.doni Stratigra,phy ga.ve a ibaSis ror reco gniti'On af the Sedimen'ta'i!ion and pa:leogeography ·of the lI'egtcm wJ.1ftun .\the Upper'. Dev.onian ibasiJll of the Holy OrQSS Mts. The tecto.ni<: gaPs reoognized between 1he ' Givetian and FrasnJi.an. as well as !between the Devonian and Cal1borllil£erous depo sits, led ,t.o the .corredti,OiIl.s in the r~to.nalJ. tectonics.. Three S'pedi.es .()f oonodoms, viz. Polygnathus ancyrognathotde1LS Zieg1er, Schmidtognatnu.s aff. pietzneri Ziegler and Spath,ognathodu.s sannemanrrr;i treptv.s lZiegler, s·o far unknown Ifrom the De- vQ.IlJian 'Of the lHoIJ.y Oross Mts. halVe 'been described. :.: , " ,., iNrnoDuCTION .' .. ', .. :... ~ , . .;": ' ... ~.: .. .. .'. ~ne!a!l stra!ti.:gxaphicframework, based on the COI1J9Clonts, . was . pr-e- . sent~ Jor the Upper Devonlian d€lposits of the Holy croSs ,Mts by g.Z'Ui~ czewsJ9.:(19711).The sicoipe Olf the pre£'ent 'contrllbu1li.oJ:?. is to, apply .'the ~noqon't straltigraphy to a more detailletd recognition of !the p.rach~n~· , t~~lill.e. ·. of yar.nlo, lhaviingacomplex tectonic sb-uCi1nlre' an ith~ centx-aLpart ~ .t}},~,Holy Gross.iM'ts. I(se~ rr~-1i;g. 1; and IMallkowski 19U); ,Mosl; : ~SO far , avaia.ab)re~ dataon Ithe strat~phy a~fac1;€S deV1el~t , Of ~ Itll:e :P ,~N1OIl4aIl deposiltsin ~ larea .come from~IOOlalIwOTks .oov'~ring -e2d;ep.- . -
Some Holothurian Sclerites from the Corallian Group of North Dorset
Read at the Annual Conference of the Ussher Society, 1992. SOME HOLOTHURIAN SCLERITES FROM THE CORALLIAN GROUP OF NORTH DORSET A. S. HENDERSON, A. D. TALWAR AND M. B. HART Henderson, A. S., Talwar, A. D. and Hart, M. B. 1992. Some Holothurian sclerites from the Corallian Group of north Dorset. Proceedings of the Ussher Society, 8, 11-14. Borehole samples of Corallian sediments from East Stour, north Dorset were examined for their microfossil content. Although the main emphasis of the research was concerned with foraminifera, significant numbers of small calcareous platelets of holothuroid echinoderms or Sea Cucumbers were observed. These are known as sclerites and various forms are illustrated and described. They are the first to be recorded from the Corallian Group of this area. A. S. Henderson, A. D. Talwar and Malcolm B. Hart, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA INTRODUCTION The mid-Upper Jurassic succession (Oxford Clay, Corallian and Figure 1: Corallian succession in Kimmeridge Clay) is poorly exposed in north Dorset and south Somerset. East Stour borehole, showing location of The British Geological Survey has recently remapped this area and samples studied (Modified after Bristow drilled three boreholes to augment the limited surface outcrops 1989). (Bristow, 1989, 1990; Freshney, 1990). One of these holes [ST 8013 2297], at East Stour, north Dorset penetrates most of the Corallian from the Clavellata Beds through to the Hazelbury Bryan Formation. Samples from this borehole have been examined for microfauna, as part of a long- term project. The primary aim of this research is to develop a viable biozonation of the Upper Jurassic succession for the Wessex Basin using microfossils, which when compared with the standard ammonite zonation, will be developed into a fully integrated stratigraphy. -
An Upper Mississippian Echinoderm Microfauna from the Genicera Formation of Northern León (Carboniferous, Cantabrian Mountains, N Spain)
SPANISH JOURNAL OF PALAEONTOLOGY An Upper Mississippian echinoderm microfauna from the Genicera Formation of northern León (Carboniferous, Cantabrian Mountains, N Spain) Joachim PABST* & Hans-Georg HERBIG Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln. Zülpicher Str. 49a, D-50674 Köln. [email protected]; [email protected] * Corresponding author Pabst, J. & Herbig, H. 2020. An Upper Mississippian echinoderm microfauna from the Genicera Formation of northern León (Carboniferous, Cantabrian Mountains, N Spain). [Microfauna de equinodermos del Misisipiense Superior de la Formación Genicera del norte de León (Carbonífero, Cordillera Cantábrica, N de España)]. Spanish Journal of Palaeontology, 35 (1), 47-76. Manuscript received 30 January 2019 https://doi.org/10.7203/sjp.35.1.17116 Manuscript accepted 12 November 2019 © Sociedad Española de Paleontología ISSN 2255-0550 ABSTRACT RESUMEN For the fi rst time an echinoderm microfauna is recorded from Por primera vez se describe una microfauna de equinodermos the cephalopod limestone facies (‘griotte facies’) of the lower de las calizas nodulosas con cefalópodos (“griotte facies”) Carboniferous (Mississippian) Genicera Fm. (Alba Fm.). de la Formación Genicera (Formación Alba) del Carbonífero The formation is widespread in the Cantabrian Mountains inferior (Misisipiense). Si bien esta formación es de in NW Spain, but the ossicles are from some sections in considerable extensión en la Cordillera Cantábrica en el the surroundings of the Bernesga valley in northern León. norte de España, los oscículos descritos solo proceden de They have been derived from insoluble acetic acid residues unas secciones de los alrededores del valle de Bernesga al from samples of the upper and especially of the uppermost norte de León. -
Origin and Significance of Lovén's Law in Echinoderms
Journal of Paleontology, 94(6), 2020, p. 1089–1102 Copyright © 2020, The Paleontological Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 0022-3360/20/1937-2337 doi: 10.1017/jpa.2020.31 Origin and significance of Lovén’s Law in echinoderms Christopher R. C. Paul1 and Frederick H. C. Hotchkiss2 1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK <[email protected]> 2Marine and Paleobiological Research Institute, P.O. Box 1016, Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts, USA 02568 <hotchkiss@MPRInstitute. org> Abstract.—Lovén’s Law described the position of larger basicoronal ambulacral plates in echinoids. The smaller basi- coronal plates form first in ontogeny. We restate Lovén’s Law to describe the position of first ambulacral plates using Carpenter’s ambulacra and left (L) or right (R) as: AR, BL, CR, DL, ER, with EA the pair of ambulacra both identical and adjacent. First ambulacral plates of the Cambrian edrioasteroid, Walcottidiscus, code identically. The transition from a tri-radiate 1-1-1 pattern to the 2-1-2 ambulacral pattern of Walcottidiscus and other pentaradiate Paleozoic echinoderms results in Lovén’s Law. This provides an hypothesis for the origin of Lovén’s Law and predicts its widespread occurrence among echinoderm classes. The ‘BD different’ pattern of primary brachioles in pentaradiate glyptocystitoid Rhombifera results from subterminal branching of the ambulacra. The ontogenetic sequence was triradiate, then lateral ambulacra bifurcated, and finally second brachioles developed. -
Palaeoenvironmental Interpretation of Echinoderm Assemblages from Bathonian Ore-Bearing Clays at Gnaszyn (Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland)
Acta Geologica Polonica, Vol. 62 (2012), No. 3, pp. 351–366 DOI: 10.2478/v10263-012-0019-6 Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of echinoderm assemblages from Bathonian ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn (Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland) ANDRZEJ BOCZAROWSKI Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, PL-41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Boczarowski A. 2012. Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of echinoderm assemblages from Bathonian ore-bear- ing clays at Gnaszyn (Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland). Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (3), 351–366. Warszawa. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the variability of echinoderm assemblages from Bathonian ore-bearing clays from Gnaszyn. Remains of Crinoidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, and Holothuroidea have been studied from 38 rock samples. The most common echinoderms represented are the crinoids Balanocri- nus berchteni and Chariocrinus andreae and a few species of the holothurian genera Priscopedatus, Calclamna, Staurocaudina, Eocaudina, Achistrum, Theelia and Hemisphaeranthos. The echinoderms from Gnaszyn show var- ious life strategies: benthic or epibenthic forms, sessile sestonophages (Crinoidea), motile macrophages (Asteroidea) and detritivores (Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea), infaunal and epifaunal detritus feeders, sediment feeders or rake-feeders (Holothuroidea). Their presence suggests well oxygenated and presumably relatively cold bottom marine waters. The parts of the Gnaszyn section around concretion horizons and characterized by the ubiquitous occurrence of the holothurian Theelia and echinoids were deposited during phases of optimal living conditions with sufficient influx of plant detritus and good oxygenation of the sea bottom. These parts commonly host echin- oderm associations dominated by crinoid remains, which occasionally are still articulated (or disarticulated but re- maining intact) – this points to a quiet environment with normal oxygenation of the bottom waters but anaerobic/dysaerobic conditions in the sediment. -
New Insights Into the Origin and Relationships of Blastoid Echinoderms
Editors' choice New insights into the origin and relationships of blastoid echinoderms CHRISTOPHER R.C. PAUL Paul, C.R.C. 2021. New insights into the origin and relationships of blastoid echinoderms. Acta Palaeontologica Polo nica 66 (1): 41–62. “Pan-dichoporites” (new informal term) is proposed to unite Cambrian blastozoans, such as Cambrocrinus, Ridersia, and San ducystis, glyptocystitoid and hemicosmitoid rhombiferans, coronates, blastoids, and Lysocystites. Pan-dichoporite ambulacra have double biserial main axes with brachiole facets shared by pairs of floor (glyptocystitoids), side (blastoid) or trunk (hemicosmitoids, coronates) plates. These axial plates are the first two brachiolar plates modified to form the ambulacral axes. In glyptocystitoids the first brachiole facet in each ambulacrum is shared by an oral and another plate. Hence, these are also two modified brachiolar plates and part of the axial skeleton under the Extraxial Axial Theory (EAT). Pan-dichoporites are also characterized by thecae composed of homologous plate circlets. The unique glyptocys- titoid genus Rhombifera bears ambulacral facets on five radial plates, which alternate with five orals. The oral area of Lysocystites (blastoid sensu lato) is very similar, which suggests that rhombiferan radials are homologous with “ambu- lacrals” of Lysocystites and hence with blastoid lancet plates. This implies derivation of blastoids from glyptocystitoids and suggests that blastoid and coronate radials and deltoids are homologous with rhombiferan infralaterals and laterals. Thus, homologous plate circlets occur in all pan-dichoporites, which strengthens the validity of a pan-dichoporite clade. Under Universal Elemental Homology (UEH), deltoids were homologized with rhombiferan orals, but this is inconsistent with the EAT. Deltoids bear respiratory pore structures and so are perforate extraxial skeletal plates, whereas rhombiferan orals are axial skeleton. -
Sepkoski, J.J. 1992. Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families
MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. Department of the Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 60637 Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology Rodney Watkins, Editor (Reviewer for this paper was P.M. Sheehan) This publication is priced at $25.00 and may be obtained by writing to the Museum Gift Shop, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Orders must also include $3.00 for shipping and handling ($4.00 for foreign destinations) and must be accompanied by money order or check drawn on U.S. bank. Money orders or checks should be made payable to the Milwaukee Public Museum. Wisconsin residents please add 5% sales tax. In addition, a diskette in ASCII format (DOS) containing the data in this publication is priced at $25.00. Diskettes should be ordered from the Geology Section, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Specify 3Y. inch or 5Y. inch diskette size when ordering. Checks or money orders for diskettes should be made payable to "GeologySection, Milwaukee Public Museum," and fees for shipping and handling included as stated above. Profits support the research effort of the GeologySection. ISBN 0-89326-168-8 ©1992Milwaukee Public Museum Sponsored by Milwaukee County Contents Abstract ....... 1 Introduction.. ... 2 Stratigraphic codes. 8 The Compendium 14 Actinopoda. -
Triassic Holothurian Sclerites from Tatra Mountains
ACT A PAL A EON T 0 LOG ICA POLONICA --- ~~~~~--~-- Vol. XVI 1971 No... KRYSTYNA ZAWIDZKA TRIASSIC HOLOTHURIAN SCLERITES FROM TATRA MOUNTAINS Abstract. - Holothurian sclerites, extracted from Triassic deposits of the Choc nappe, the Western Tatra Mts., are assigned to nineteen species. The taxonomic position of 16 of the specimens described is uncertain. Three new species are proposed. INTRODUCTION The holothurian sclerites under discussion have been extracted from pl.<;tty, knobby and flinty limestones of the Furkaska unit, which constitu tes lower part of the Choc nappe. These deposits have been regarded as CZECHOSLOVAKI/~ o 6km 1--1------11 Fig. 1. - Sketch mail of the Tatra Mountains with the investigated area hatched. 430 KRYSTYNA ZAWIDZKA Table 1 Stratigraphical distribution of described holothurian sclerites, according to literature data , ell I' , gil Stratigraphical i 1;;!1' distribution ! .~ I] ! .~ Triassic : 0 ,.0 IE. I~ 15_~ I s:: , C1l I ;s:: s:: '2 Is::' C1l , .~ ClI .... 'Vi '0 is:: ~ I'~~ s:: I-< .s:: '2 C1l i,ClI o ..c: <x: ....:l U ZIP:: ._...:....-__. i ,,§ I@:!II"'I ~ I·~ ~ ~ Species '\ I I '§ I:3 I , I I' \ :~ ~i=: ~1:;l1§:1 ' II I "i I::r: p.,~;:: ....:l'~i~' I I I 1- -- -- -- ---------'--,-----1-'---.' ---..:'_.:...-~-..:.._":--:--_~t_ 'ISt~:f~~~~:e~~;;~~eni. .1 I ! II I 1-1--1--'---1 I I Rhabdotites rectus Frizzell I I I ,I 'i & Exline .. "1 ! i ' : : 1-1'- -1 - 1: ,. i I ICaLclamna germanica Friz- 'i iii 1 I I C:l:~~=n:~~:e ca~ali~er~11 1 . I---!- -1- -,- J__1--1- ---1--1 Kristan-Tollman. -
Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of the Cassiduloid Echinoids
Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of the Cassiduloid Echinoids By Camilla Alves Souto A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Charles R. Marshall, Chair Professor Rauri Bowie Professor Kipling Will Professor Richard Mooi Fall 2018 Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of the Cassiduloid Echinoids Copyright 2018 by Camilla Alves Souto Abstract Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of the Cassiduloid Echinoids By Camilla Alves Souto Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley Professor Charles R. Marshall, Chair Cassiduloids are rare and poorly known irregular echinoids, which include the sand dollars and heart urchins, that typically live buried in the sediment, where they feed on small organic particles. Cassiduloids evolved during the Marine Mesozoic Revolution, but despite their rich fossil record, species richness (diversity) is very low. The goal of this thesis is to improve our taxonomic knowledge of the group, propose hypotheses of relationship among its representatives and analyze their patterns of geographic distribution through time, thereby contributing to our understanding of their evolutionary history. In the first chapter1, I used synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed tomography (SRµCT) images of type specimens to describe a new Cassidulus species and a new cassiduloid genus that could not have been discovered with traditional techniques. I also designate a neotype for the type species of the genus Cassidulus, Cassidulus caribaearum, provide remarks on the taxonomic history of each taxon, a diagnostic table of all living cassidulid species, and extend the known geographic and bathymetric range of two species. -
Middle Ordovician) of Västergötland, Sweden - Faunal Composition and Applicability As Environmental Proxies
Microscopic echinoderm remains from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of Västergötland, Sweden - faunal composition and applicability as environmental proxies Christoffer Kall Dissertations in Geology at Lund University, Bachelor’s thesis, no 403 (15 hp/ECTS credits) Department of Geology Lund University 2014 Microscopic echinoderm remains from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of Västergötland, Sweden - faunal composition and applicability as environmental proxies Bachelor’s thesis Christoffer Kall Department of Geology Lund University 2014 Contents 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 The Ordovician world and faunas 8 1.2 Phylum Echinodermata 8 1.3 Ordovician echinoderms 9 1.3.1 Asterozoans, 1.3.2 Blastozoans 9 1.3.3 Crinoids 10 1.3.4 Echinozoans 10 1.3.4.1 Echinoidea, 1.3.4.2 Holothuroidea, 1.3.4.3 Ophiocistoidea,…., 1.3.4.6 Stylophorans 10 1.4 Pelmatozoan morphology 10 2 Geologocal setting ............................................................................................................................................. 11 3 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................................................... 13 4 Results ................................................................................................................................................................ 14 4.1 Morphotypes 15 4.1.1 Morphotype -
Holothurian Sclerites from the Triassic of Jordan and Their Stratigraphic Importance
Joiirnal (of Micropulueontology. 15: 83-95. 0262-821 X/96 $07.00 0 1996 British Micropalaeontological Society. Holothurian sclerites from the Triassic of Jordan and their stratigraphic importance WALlD SADEDDIN Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. ABSTRACT - Holothurian sclerites are some of the most stratigraphically important microfossils of the middle Triassic of Jordan. Stratigraphically and palaeopeographically important faunas have been obtaincd by diissolving Triassic carbonate rocks with a dilute acetic acid. The oldest forms. Acanthoiheeliu jordanica Sadeddin. Priscopcdaiits qirudruiii.\ Kozur & Mostler. and Tetrcrvirga perforritrr Mostler. occur in the Hisban Formation (Anisian) in the area of the northeast corner ol the Dead Sea and Wadi Abu Oneiz. North of this area in Wadi Salit, Ladinian holothurian faunas are especially characterized by the mass occurrence of Schizothrelrrr jorrlanica and Schizothrelia multiporuiri Kozur & Sadeddin in the lower part of the section (Fassanian) and Threlicr rribrrcrrlr Kristan-Tollmann in the upper part (Longobardian). In spite of some differences. the Jordanian Middle Triassic holothurian faunas arc similar to those from the Northern Alps and Gcrnianic Basin. and the Himalayas. As yet, no holothurian sclerites have been recovered from Jordanian Lower or Upper Triassic deposits. J. Micropalaeontol. 15( 1 ): X7-9.5. April 19%. INTROD UCTIQN All studied specimens are deposited in the Department of Holothurians are a significant group of echinoderms in the Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, modern fauna but have a limited fossil record. They are Irbid, Jordan. rcprcsentcd only by sclerites ~~ small calcareous spicules formed in the body wall of the organism. Holothurian HOLOTHURIAN-BEARING SAMPLES - sclerites are widespread in micropalaeontological residues LITHOLOGY AND PALAEONTOLOGY but have only been the subject of limited study, e.g.