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Cover image: Courtesey of EDF Energy — www.edfenergy.com/energy CONTENTS... 1 AT A GLANCE... 2 A BRIEF HISTORY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY... 4 BENEFITS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY... 5 WHAT THE PUBLIC THINK... 6 HOW NUCLEAR CREATES ENERGY... 7 HOW A REACTOR WORKS... 8 THE NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE... 9 MANAGING WASTE... 10 RADIATION EXPLAINED... 12 NUCLEAR AROUND THE WORLD... 14 UK NUCLEAR SITES... 16 NUCLEAR NEW BUILD... 17 NEW BUILD IN NUMBERS... 18 LOOKING TO THE FUTURE... 19 DECOMMISSIONING... 20 CAREERS IN NUCLEAR... 21 FUTHER INFORMATION... AT A GLANCE... Nuclear is a major part of our energy mix. Today it accounts for 21% of electricity generated in the UK and has been providing secure low carbon electricity for over 60 years. Low carbon energy, including There are 15 nuclear power and renewables, nuclear power account for almost 51% of the reactors operating UK’s generation electricity mix across eight sites in the UK In 2016 nuclear energy avoided 22.7 million metric tonnes of CO2 emissions in the UK BEIS,Digest of UK Energy Statistics 2018 That’s equivalent to taking around a third of all cars in the UK off the road Civil nuclear contributes over £6 billion to the jobs in the UK civil nuclear sector UK economy as much as aerospace manufacturing 12,159 Women in civil nuclear 1,981 People on apprenticeships Three quarters of the public 914 believe nuclear should be part People on graduate schemes of the clean energy mix Jobs Map figures generated from participating NIA members 1 This simple timeline charts some of the key people, events and legislation A BRIEF HISTORY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY.. -
Memorandum Forwarding Memorandum from the Director Of
1 0-I AEc 755/36 Februar 27, 1661 COPY,-NO.A.L ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION REPORT BY DR. LOUIS B. WERNER, ABC SCIENTIFIC REP•ESENTATIV, LONDON Note by the Secretary The General Manager has requested that the attached memorandum and enclosures from the Director of International Affairs be circulated for the information of the Commission. W, B. McCool Secretary DISTRIBUTION COPY NO. DISTRIBUTION COPY NO. Secretary 1 International Affairs 29 - 39 Commissioners 2 - 6,81 Licensing & Regulation 40 - 41 General Manager 7 Operations Analysis 42 Deputy Gen. Mgr. 8 Production 43 - 44 Asst. Gen. Mgr. 9- 10 Raw Materials 45 - 46 Asst. Gen. Mgr. IA 11 Reactor Development 5 - 55 Asst. Gen. Mgr. Mfg. 12 Research Asst. Gen. Mgr. R&S 13 Security 56 Asst. Gen. Mgr. R&ID 14 Special Projects Asst. Gen. Mgr. Adm. 15 Albuquerque Oprns. 58 5-7 60 Asst, to the GM 16 Chicago Oprns. 61 - 62 General Counsel 17 - 20 Hanford Oprns. 63 Biology & Medicine 21 Idaho Oprns. 64 - 65 Classification 22 New York Oprns. 66 Congr. Relations 23 Oak Ridge Oprns. 67-69 Health & Safety 24 San Francisco Oprns. 70 Isotope Development 25 Savannah River Oprns. 71 - 72 Public Information 26 - 27 D. C. Office 73 - 75 Intelligence 28 Secretariat 76 - 80 When sen enclosures3 ha . LASSIFIED fit, CMEN qITH CONTAINS CLA FENSE INFORMATION RRNTOREBILII'TRAL FILES ROOM 016 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum TO : A. R. Luedecke, General Hianaj2pr DATE: FEB 13 16 THRU: John A. Hall, AGMIIA fl.' FROM. : A. A. Wells, i o Division of I~ e a SUBJECT: REPORT PREPARED BY DR. -
小型飛翔体/海外 [Format 2] Technical Catalog Category
小型飛翔体/海外 [Format 2] Technical Catalog Category Airborne contamination sensor Title Depth Evaluation of Entrained Products (DEEP) Proposed by Create Technologies Ltd & Costain Group PLC 1.DEEP is a sensor analysis software for analysing contamination. DEEP can distinguish between surface contamination and internal / absorbed contamination. The software measures contamination depth by analysing distortions in the gamma spectrum. The method can be applied to data gathered using any spectrometer. Because DEEP provides a means of discriminating surface contamination from other radiation sources, DEEP can be used to provide an estimate of surface contamination without physical sampling. DEEP is a real-time method which enables the user to generate a large number of rapid contamination assessments- this data is complementary to physical samples, providing a sound basis for extrapolation from point samples. It also helps identify anomalies enabling targeted sampling startegies. DEEP is compatible with small airborne spectrometer/ processor combinations, such as that proposed by the ARM-U project – please refer to the ARM-U proposal for more details of the air vehicle. Figure 1: DEEP system core components are small, light, low power and can be integrated via USB, serial or Ethernet interfaces. 小型飛翔体/海外 Figure 2: DEEP prototype software 2.Past experience (plants in Japan, overseas plant, applications in other industries, etc) Create technologies is a specialist R&D firm with a focus on imaging and sensing in the nuclear industry. Createc has developed and delivered several novel nuclear technologies, including the N-Visage gamma camera system. Costainis a leading UK construction and civil engineering firm with almost 150 years of history. -
International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety
OFFICIAL PROGRAMPREVIEW International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety International Cooperation Hosted by the Nuclear Criticality Safety Division of the American Nuclear Society Co-Sponsored by NEA Photo by Randy Montoya/SandiaPhoto Randy by Laboratories National September 13-17, 2015 Omni Charlotte Hotel Charlotte, NC 2015 International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety Our most sincere thanks to the following contributors for their support Gold Level Silver Level Bronze Level Other Table of Contents General Meeting Information Conference Officials 4 Schedule at a Glance 5 Daily Schedule 6-7 General Information 8 Plenary and Special Sessions Welcome Reception 9 Opening Plenary 9 Reception at the Mint Museum 9 ICNC Poster Session and Reception 10 Banquet Dinner at Founders Hall 10 ICNC Workshop 10 V.C. Summer Nuclear AP1000® Nuclear Plant 10 International Cooperation Construction Tour Columbia Fuel Fabrication Facility Plant Tour 10 Technical Sessions Technical Sessions by Day: Monday 11-12 Technical Sessions by Day: Tuesday 13-16 Technical Sessions by Day: Wednesday 17-20 Technical Sessions by Day: Thursday 21-22 Additional Hotel Map 23 www.ans.org 2015 International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety: Official Program 3 Meeting Officials International Cooperation International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety Every 4 years the international nuclear criticality safety community gathers to discuss technical, operational, computational, and regulatory issues in the practice of nuclear criticality safety. ICNC 2015 (International Conference on Nuclear Criticality) allows specialists from around the globe to come together to discuss, analyze and study the latest developments in the area of nuclear criticality safety. This is a unique opportunity to exchange ideas with industry experts, leaders, colleagues and peers. -
The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Progress with Reducing Risk at Sellafield
A picture of the National Audit Office logo Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority: progress with reducing risk at Sellafield HC 1126 SESSION 2017–2019 20 JUNE 2018 Our vision is to help the nation spend wisely. Our public audit perspective helps Parliament hold government to account and improve public services. The National Audit Office scrutinises public spending for Parliament and is independent of government. The Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG), Sir Amyas Morse KCB, is an Officer of the House of Commons and leads the NAO. The C&AG certifies the accounts of all government departments and many other public sector bodies. He has statutory authority to examine and report to Parliament on whether departments and the bodies they fund, nationally and locally, have used their resources efficiently, effectively, and with economy. The C&AG does this through a range of outputs including value-for-money reports on matters of public interest; investigations to establish the underlying facts in circumstances where concerns have been raised by others or observed through our wider work; landscape reviews to aid transparency; and good-practice guides. Our work ensures that those responsible for the use of public money are held to account and helps government to improve public services, leading to audited savings of £734 million in 2016. The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority: progress with reducing risk at Sellafield Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 18 June 2018 This report has been prepared under Section 6 of the National Audit Act 1983 for presentation to the House of Commons in accordance with Section 9 of the Act Sir Amyas Morse KCB Comptroller and Auditor General National Audit Office 15 June 2018 HC 1126 | £10.00 This report examines the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’s progress with reducing risk and hazard at its largest and most hazardous site, Sellafield. -
Stress Tests for UK Non Nuclear Power Plants
Office for Nuclear Regulation An agency of HSE Stress tests for UK Non Nuclear Power Plants Progress Report 5 December 2011 Progress Report on Stress tests for UK Non Nuclear Power Plants Office for Nuclear Regulation An agency of HSE © Crown copyright 2011 First published December 2011 ONR Report ONR‐UKST‐REP‐11‐001 Revision 0 You may reuse this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view the licence visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open‐ government‐licence/, write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email [email protected]. Some images and illustrations may not be owned by the Crown so cannot be reproduced without permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be sent to [email protected]. Unless otherwise stated, all corporate names, logos, and Registered® and Trademark™ products mentioned in this Web site belong to one or more of the respective Companies or their respective licensors. They may not be used or reproduced in any manner without the prior written agreement of the owner(s). For published documents, the electronic copy on the ONR website remains the most current publicly available version and copying or printing renders this document uncontrolled. This document is issued by the Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR), an agency of HSE. For further information about ONR, or to report inconsistencies or inaccuracies in this publication please visit www.hse.gov.uk/nuclear. Progress Report on Stress tests for UK Non Nuclear Power Plants Office for Nuclear Regulation An agency of HSE Executive Summary Following the events at Fukushima, Japan on 11 March 2011, the nuclear industry in the UK responded quickly to review UK plants against seismic and flooding hazards. -
Movement of Radioactive Material Sellafield Site
Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials PATRAM 2016 September 18-23, 2016, Kobe, Japan Paper No. 3034 Movement of Radioactive Material Sellafield Site Maz Hussain Sellafield Ltd., United Kingdom. Abstract Background The UK nuclear decommissioning priority is to reduce risk and hazard and to deliver the clean-up mission cost effectively. This is particularly relevant at Sellafield where the Legacy Ponds and Silos pose the most significant challenges. The availability of safe packaging for the movement and storage on the Sellafield site is a key enabler to meet the NDA mission for safe interim storage ahead of its subsequent treatment, packaging and final storage to a Geologic Disposal Facility (GDF). There are a significant number of packages and package design types operating on the Sellafield site. Some packages are licensed to the IAEA regulations for safe transport and others comply only with the Sellafield site specific requirements. Introduction Packages to and from the Sellafield site need to comply with the IAEA regulations for safe transport and must meet the Sellafield site requirements. However, the IAEA regulations do not apply to packages within a licensed site. For on-site safe package operations compliance is required against Sellafield site specific procedures, standards and guidance. Package Management System There are a significant number and types of package transfers routinely undertaken safely on the Sellafield site. The packages range from small (18Kg) hand held sample castles to large complex (100Te) packages some with in-built gamma gates, mechanical interlocks and hoisting drive mechanisms. The Sellafield Package Management System (SPMS) efficiently manages package operations and includes for asset register, package tracking, operational history and maintenance. -
Onr Corporate Plan 2017/18 En Route to 2020
ONR CORPORATE PLAN 2017/18 EN ROUTE TO 2020 Office for Nuclear Regulation Corporate Plan 2017/18 Financial year 1 April 2017 to 31 March 2018 Presented to Parliament pursuant to Paragraphs 23 and 25(3) of Schedule 7 to the Energy Act 2013 July 2017 © ONR copyright 2017 The text of this document (this excludes, where present, the Royal Arms and all departmental or agency logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium provided that it is reproduced accurately and not in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as ONR copyright and the document title specified. Where third party material has been identified, permission from the respective copyright holder must be sought. Any enquiries related to this publication should be sent to us at [email protected] This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications Print ISBN 9781474145695 Web ISBN 9781474145701 ID P002881793 06/17 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK for Williams Lea Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office CONTENTS 1. Foreword .........................................................................................................1 2. About this plan ..............................................................................................3 3. Our Operating Environment .........................................................................9 4. Our Strategic Themes and Key Activities ....................................................15 Influencing improvements -
Nuclear Safety
connecting global wealth creators ASIANASIANNUCLEAR NUCLEAR ENERGY ENERGY Powering Global Nuclear Commerce Vol. 2 Issue 3 Sept - Oct 2011 Learning Lessons In Nuclear Safety Dr. Eric Loewen, President, ANS ONE CONFERENCE NUCLEAR POWER THAT PROSPECT CONNECTS YOU TO THE Date: 17th-18th November, 2011 ENTIRE Venue: Kempinski Hotel Beijing LuŌhansa Center,Beijing China NUCLEAR MARKET Unrivalled Speaker represenƟng 8 fast-growing: This conference CHINA NaƟonal Nuclear Safety AdministraƟon is designed for China Nuclear Energy AssociaƟon (CNEA) industry China NaƟonal Nuclear CorporaƟon (CNNC) China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group (CGNPC) players State Nuclear Power Technology CorporaƟon (SNPTC) aiming to map out INDIA dynamic Atomic Energy Commission strategies to Department of Atomic Energy win Nuclear Power CorporaƟon of India Ltd (NPCIL) market share in a rapidly SOUTH KOREA Korea Electric Power CorporaƟon (KEPCO) changing Korea Atomic Energy Research InsƟtute (KAERI) industry Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP) VIETNAM Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission (VAEC) Electricity of Vietnam (EVN) Register THAILAND Today! Electricity GeneraƟng Authority of Thailand (EGAT) Contact Michael LIU Via MONGOLIA T: +86 21 6840 7631 Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) F: +86 21 6840 7633 E: [email protected] USA W: www.cdmc.org.cn/npp Department of Energy (DOE) RUSSIA Rosatom 决策者会议策划集团-- 深具实力和影响力的独立品牌会议主办机构 - CDMC Events CDMC is China’s biggest large-scale B2B event company.We out-perform our competitors on the quality of the conferences we produce and the rapport we develop and maintain with our clients. +86 21 6840 7631 +86 21 6840 7633 www.cdmc.org.cn [email protected] UCLE N AR N S A O C I C R I E E ANS T M Y A • • I N N D O IA SECTI PRESENTS Friday, 30 September, 2011, Bombay Exhibition Centre, Goregaon (E), Mumbai, India. -
Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting 8 May 2014 Natasha Hanson Head of People Relations Skills Challenges Growing Global Demand for Nuclear Skills An Ageing Workforce The NDA Estate Wide Resource Profile NDA Total Resource Gap - 2012 to 2026 18000 Shortage = -1395 17000 16000 15000 Excess = +930 14000 13000 Total Demand Attrition 2.5% pa 12000 11000 Full Time Equivalent Number 10000 9000 8000 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Year 3 NDA Estate Wide & New Nuclear Build Requirements NDA Estate and New Build Requirements 28000 26000 24000 22000 20000 18000 16000 14000 NDA Estate 12000 New Build 10000 Total 8000 Full Time Equivalent Number 6000 4000 2000 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Year 4 NDA Estate Resource Issues • Acceleration of de-commissioning leading to early release of nuclear resources • Low staff attrition (average of 2% for staff) • Higher attrition of ASW staff – dependent on economic climate, opportunities within the catchment and scarcity of skill • Over next 15 years at least 34% of the workforce will reach pensionable age • Implied recruitment of 18% of existing population over the next 15 years • Approach (overall) is to continue with apprentice, and graduate training schemes and development of the current workforce 5 Skills Priorities High Priorities Other Priorities • Project / Programme Managers • Design Engineers / Technicians • Construction Project Managers • Quality Assurance • Steel -
ALL the QUEEN's AGENTS & CORPORATIONS the Queen's
ALL THE QUEEN’S AGENTS & CORPORATIONS The Queen’s Prerogative English law prohibits questioning the Monarchy about their personal holdings and business. This is true of most of Europe’s royalty, whether enthroned or not. The wealth of the Monarchies is held outside of the countries that made the wealth. The British Crown’s offshore banks hold the greatest personal wealth in the world estimated at $35 trillion. Perhaps the British Crown still owns and controls its Commonwealth Nations, including the American “colonies.” Monarchies are not supposed to be warlord bankers who create conflict and chaos to turn a profit or destabilize an economy for personal gain. But they have been for some time now, and history is a string of immoral wars caused by monarchies, the Vatican and other religions. Untold millions have died while kings and popes lived on to grab the wealth through well-established institutions that were created to control the people of the Earth. The Commonwealth of Nations, headed by Queen Elizabeth II, is made up of 53 nations, spanning the globe, accounting for one-fifth of the land mass of the Earth, and a very high percentage of its strategic resources and population. The Queen is a Knight of Malta and has vowed allegiance to the Pope through the largest insider trading club on the planet. The British Crown Agents are, in fact, also agents of the Vatican’s Knights of Malta. The Queen is a Knight of Malta The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM) took control of the power and wealth of the Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon from within the Roman system. -
Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) Update
STRATEGIC NUCLEAR AND ENERGY BOARD 290421 Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) Update LEAD OFFICER: Pat Graham, Chief Executive Officer REPORT AUTHOR: Rob Ward, Nuclear Sector Manager Summary: This report provides an update on recent developments relating to the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority of relevance/note to Copeland Council, as follows: 1. Publication of the Holliday Report 2. Strategy 4 Update 3. One NDA Update 4. NDA Sustainability Report and Carbon Net Zero 5. New Sellafield Ltd Chair 6. New LLWR CEO 7. Magnox Reactor Decommissioning Strategy Recommendation: That members of the Board: 1. Note the information in this paper. 1. Publication of the Holliday Report 1.1. The final report of the Magnox Inquiry (known as the “Holliday Report”) was published on 4th March. 1.2. The Magnox Competition was a procurement exercise that commenced in 2012 and would appoint a single parent-body organisation (PBO) arrangement to manage and operate ten Magnox reactor sites and two research sites on behalf of the NDA. The exercise was implemented on the expectation that savings to the taxpayer would be generated. The contract had an estimated value of £6.2 billion. 1.3. In March 2014, the NDA announced the Cavendish-Fluor Partnership (CFP) as the preferred bidder. Subsequently, one of the unsuccessful bidders for the contract, Energy Solutions launched a claim to seek damages from the NDA. In 2016, the High Court found that the NDA had wrongly decided the outcome of the procurement process. In August 2016, Bechtel Management Company Ltd also issued a claim, leading to the NDA settling £85 million with Energy Solutions and £12.5 million with Bechtel.