SOKOL BOOKS CATALOGUE LXXV

We are always happy to add new names to our extensive mailing list and produce several catalogues a year (electronic or printed) as well Catalogue LXXV as frequently ofering items which might be of interest. We also regular- ly search for items to satisfy customers’ particular wants or assist gener- ally in building their collections. Many of our customers are leading in- When choosing which books to include in our new catalogue, we strived to include as many examples as possible stitutions and collectors throughout the world, but many also are more which could showcase the variety of our stock. We have drawn a chronological line around 1650, so that our focus modest bibliophiles who share our particular passions. All are equally val- lies on early books and manuscripts, but that is the only limit we set as we try to cover all subjects and many lan- ued and most are long-standing. You, like them, can purchase from us in guages. complete confdence that you can rely on our experience and expertise. Please do share this catalogue. We have selected many beautiful fne bindings and some exquisitely illuminated manuscripts, true art objects wor- thy of royal attention. However the words inside books make them so much more than visual artistic outputs. In- side the catalogue you will fnd copies of classical literature, such as Cicero, old friend for all those who have taken Latin classes, and Virgil, in a most unusual translation in Scottish. Scientifc progress is witnessed by texts of some TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE of the leading fgures of the times in their felds, from Galileo to Brahe and Sacrobosco. Te will of men to extend Books will be sent after your cheque or bank transfer has been received. their knowledge of the universe they inhabit, from astronomy to philosophy, passes also through accounts of in- Postage and insurance are charged on all parcels unless otherwise specifed. credible explorations and travels all over the ever expanding world, with some early accounts of the New World, Payment is due within 14 days of the invoice date. with maps to accompany them in Ramusio. Some of our books tell the history of printing through the names of If payment is to be made in a currency other than pounds sterling, please add €15 or $15 to cover bank transfers. famous printers like Aldus and Wynkyn de Worde. Books may be returned within 14 days. Tis special type of bibliophilia for old books is so charming because these books have not simply been used before, All books remain our property until paid for in full. We reserve the right to charge interest on outstanding invoices at our but often loved, cherished and treasured; they tend to be as unique as manuscripts. We can still fnd with a curious discretion. historian's endeavour traces of previous owners, through their choices of bindings or through personal annota- THINKING OF SELLING? tions; so many fascinating stories on paper and parchment.

We are always keen to add to our stock, with a particular focus on English STC books (pre 1640), continental books Books have a lot to tell and the earliest speak the loudest. So come and listen, before it is too late. printed up to the mid 1600s and medieval and renaissance manuscripts, in all languages and on all subjects. How- As Seneca said: cotidie morimur. ever we are also purchasers of later items, especially collections. We are particularly eager to acquire fne, com- plete copies in contemporary bindings. If you are thinking of disposing, please get in touch to arrange an appoint- ment. We are always pleased to consider ofers and will give as much help and advice as we can if your books are not for us. Tis is always provided free of charge and with no obligation on your part. Naturally, our discretion is assured.

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Above: detail from item 17, Book of Hours 1 Front cover: detail from item 49, Gundelfnger association (because of the carefully arranged sums), physical proximity and in their supposed capacity to foretell future outcomes.Rare.

From the collection of Adrienne Minassian; formally at Brown University.

K136

BOUND FOR CHARLES DE VALOIS 2. ARETINO, Pietro. La terza, et vltima parte de Ragionamenti del diuino Pietro Aretino [London], Appresso Gio. Andrea del Melagrano [i.e. John Wolfe], 1589. [with] Quattro comedie del diuino Pietro Aretino. Cioè Il Marescalco La cortegiana La Talanta, L’hipocrito.. [London, printed by John Wolfe, 1588].

£10,500

8vo. Two vols in one. 1) f.[iv], 202, [ii]; [*4, A-2B8, 2C4]. 2) f. [viii], 285, [iii]. [A-2O8.] “La cortigiana”, “La Talanta”, and “L’hipocrito” each have separate dated title page; pagination and register are continuous. Roman letter, some Italic. Woodcut roundel portrait of Aretino on titles of each part, small woodcut initials and headpieces, engraved bookplate of Maurice Burrus on pastedown, early autograph ‘Fayet?’ on t-p. Light age yellowing. A fne copy, crisp and exceptionally clean, in stun- ning contemporary tan morocco gilt, covers bordered with a triple gilt rule, ams of Charles de Valois gilt at centres within olive branch wreath, small feurons to sides above and below, mono- gram of interlacing double Cs gilt to outer corners, spine double gilt ruled in compartments monogram of double Cs gilt at centres, title gilt lettered, a.e.g. spine fractionally darkened, in a red morocco box.

A very lovely copy, beautifully bound for Charles de Valois, the son of King Charles IX of France, of these rare editions of Aretino printed clandestinely by John Wolfe in London. These English editions of Are- tino’s work, particularly the comedies, pose the question as to whether MAGIC SQUARES Shakespeare had read Aretino in this form. “All of the four comedies damp staining and marginal fnger-soiling. provide signifcant cues for Shakespeare’s plays especially for the plot 1. AHMED IBN AHMED IBN ‘ABD AL-LATĪF AL construction of such works as the Taming of the Shrew, the Comedy of SHARJI AL-ZUBAYDI, SHIHAB AL-DĪN. Kitāb Al Fawayīd wa al-Silāt Wa al-‘Awāyid is a treatise outlin- Errors, and Twelfh Night, where we fnd some unique solutions in the Kitāb Al Fawayīd wa al-Silāt Wa al-‘Awāyid [On Magic and ing the various principles of numerology in Islam where charts and comedic structure which were anticipated by Aretino’s innovative thea- Talismans]. numbers are used for divination or to bring barākā (blessings). tre.” Michele Marrapodi. ‘Shakespeare and the Italian Renaissance:.’ [Sana’a, Yemen], n.p., [AH 969/1562]. Most of the illustrations in this manuscript are of the Islamic tal- It is certain that Arteino was of great infuence on other contemporary ismanic design known as wafq – ‘magic squares’ (see Maddison, English writers who borrowed heavily from his works, particularly Jon- £26,500 F., and Savage-Smith E., ‘Science, Tools & Magic in the Khalili son and Middleton. “One of the more versatile and prolifc writers in Collection of Islamic Art’, Oxford; Oxford University Press, 1997 the Italian vernacular, Peter Aretino made a signifcant impact on the Arabic manuscript on paper, 100 f. of text, two free end or Savage-Smith, E., ‘Magic and divination in early Islam’, Al- literary, political, social, and artistic world of 16th century Italy. .. papers, pages numbered, each with 25 lines of black naskh dershot; Ashgate Variorum, 2004). A magic square is arranged script, text panel 157 x 100 mm, titles and some words picked to produce a constant sum in all rows and columns and were At the court of Rome, Aretino developed his skill at political and clerical out in red, some phrases underlined in red, text within red most commonly depicted on amulets or manuscripts. Te wafq is gossip in the form of pasquinades and lampoons. During his stay there, frame, including numerous arithmetical tables and some di- sometimes described as ‘recreational mathematics’ because of the Aretino also drafed La Cortigiana (The Courtesan) in which he sat- agrams, later notes to the end papers, colophon signed ‘Abd sophisticated mathematical principles they illustrate. Jacques Se- irized the papal court and Baldesar Castiglione’s manual for courtly al-Rahīm al-Zubaydi in Sana’a in modern Yemen in Shaww- siano in the article ‘Magic squares in Islamic Mathematics’ has behaviour, Il Cortegiano (the Courtier). While Aretino is frequently al AH 969 (June-July 1562 AD) and dated, repair without argued that magic squares in Medieval Islam were developed from described as an anti-classical, anti-humanistic, and scurrilous author loss, at least three diferent hands of marginal annotations. chess which was hugely popular in the Middle East. Sesiano has who proudly posted of never having studied Latin, La Cortigiana re- also observed how there are references to the use of magic squares veals a rich heritage of sources, includingVirgil, and Erasmus, and the Contemporary, polished natural high quality morocco with in astrological calculations. Magic squares are, generally, magic by contemporary humanistic treatise.... In 1534 Aretino published the central stamped medallion, an excellent copy with minor 2 3 frst part of I Ragionamenti, a series of dialogues in which pros- Woodfeld, ‘Surreptitious Printing in England’. Another rea- Te exquisite binding was almost certainly made in Venice. It belonged to I.S., titutes vividly discuss their profession. Like many of his other son for his surreptitious printing was to circumvent the new pa- whose initials are gilt to the lower cover. I.S. was an avid reader of the classics in the works, this play interweaves literary and historical plots with pal Index which limited what could be printed by Italian frms. 1520s and 1530s, as shown by two other editions bound for him—an Aldine Livy a satirical target as it parodies the literary form of the dialogue of 1522 and a Lyonnaise Josephus of 1528—both, like this, in olive morocco, gilt, Charles de Valois d’Angouleme, (1573 – 1650) was the ille- and Neoplatonic theories then in vogue as embodied in Piet- with Fortune fanked by the initials (de Marinis II, 1315bis and 1316). Te lin- gitimate son of Charles IX, king of France, and Marie Tou- ro Bembo’s ‘Gli Asolani’. Jo Eldridge Carney ‘Renaissance guistic knowledge required to appreciate and read Aristophanes in Greek, before chet. He was born at the Chateaû de Fayet in Dauphiné in and Reformation, 1500-1620: A Biographical Dictionary.’ the publication of Latin translations, suggests I.S. was probably a gifted humanist. 1573. His father, dying in the following year, commended him “The printer John Wolfe worked for some years in Florence, to the care of his younger brother and successor, Henry III who Very good, well-margined copy of this important Greek edition of Aristo- and was active in London between 1579 and 1601. In the faithfully fulflled the charge, commending him in turn, on his phanes’s comedies—‘the frst...in which the eleven plays were gathered togeth- early1580’s he decided to print, though surreptitiously, Mach- deathbed, to Henry IV of France. He fought for Henry IV, then er’ (Brunet I, 452). It was edited (without commentary) by Simon Grynae- iavelli’s two most controversial works as well as Aretino’s for Louis XIII at the siege of La Rochelle and in the wars of us (1493-1541), a German Protestant theologian and professor of Greek at Ragionamenti in Italian. His work did not have an outright Languedoc, Germany and Flanders. His library, particularly Basel, admired by Erasmus and Tomas More. ‘Tis is a rare, correct, and clandestine nature, but by inserting fctitious Italian cities as rich in Italian and Spanish works, was bequeathed by his eldest celebrated edition, and the frst in which the eleven comedies of Aristophanes places of publication on the frontispiece he was able to avoid the son, Louis de Valois, Count of Alais, to the Monastery of Guic- appeared complete. It follows chiefy the Aldine [the partial editio princeps control of the Stationers’ Company... In practice, Wolfe was he, in the Charolais and was dispersed during the Revolution. printed by Aldus in 1498], and sometimes the Parisian edition of 1528... printing for three diferent categories of readers. English people It formed the basis of a variety of subsequent editions’ (Dibdin I, 296). who could read Italian; the Italian community in England; A beautiful, exceptionally preserved copy, of these rare and im- and the foreign market. Evidence of the latter is ofered by his portant editions of Aretino. Aristophanes (460-380BC), of whom little is known, enjoyed widespread suc- cess in antiquity despite Aristotle’s criticism. His comedies, not lacking in witty involvement in the Frankfurt book fair in which books in the 1) ESTC S114907 STC 19913. BM. STC. It. p. 518. Ad- satire towards specifc individuals or categories, were also delightful for their puns English language were not normally present; the two former ams A 1582. Index Aurel. 107.121. Woodfeld, ‘Surrepti- and irreverent language which sought to distance itself from the cruder one of the categories indicate an intellectual elite.” Giuliana Iannaccaro. tious Printing’ no. 48. 2) ESTC S120618. STC 19911. BM. ‘Enforcing and Eluding Censorship: British and Anglo-Ital- STC. It. p. 517. Adams 1562. Index Aurel. 107.120. Wood- previous comic tradition. Among his most infuential texts are ‘Te Clouds’ (a ian Perspectives.’ “by printing in foreign vernaculars, and using feld no. 43. critique of Socrates), ‘Te Wasps’ (against the legal system in Athens) and ‘Lysis- a fctitious imprint, (Wolfe) could evade the restrictions imposed trata’ (on a sex strike undertaken by Greek women to convince their husbands to L2796 on...his business by the monopolist printers...Wolfe became cease war). Due to the difculty of his Greek, his plays were soon translated into the recognized leader of the whole movement against privileges” Latin, frst in 1538. Whilst Roman comedy inspired most Renaissance dramatic production, ‘typically, Aristophanes was appropriated frst by the academic elite, and he only gradually became accessible to the broader public’ (‘Te Cambridge EXQUISITE CONTEMPORARY BINDING Companion to Greek Comedy’, 436). An elegantly jewel of Greek typography.

3. ARISTOPHANES. Adams A1708; Dibdin I, 296; Brunet I, 452. Aristophanous eutrapelotatou Komoidiai hendeka. Aristophanis face- L3172 tissimi Comoediae. Basel, apud And. Cratandrum et Joan. Bebelium, 1532.

£7,500

FIRST COMPLETE EDITION. 4to. pp. (viii) 514 (ii), last blank. Greek letter, little Roman. Woodcut printer’s device to verso of last, decorated initials. T-p little dusty, age yellowing, one gathering a bit browned as paper insufciently dried. A very good, well-margined copy in superb contemporary olive goatskin, traces of ties, later eps, double and triple blind ruled to a panel design, borders single gilt ruled with small gilt leaves to corners, centre panel with gilt interlacing squares surrounded by small gilt leaves, gilt inscription ‘ΑΡΙΣΤΟΦΑΝΟΥΣ’ to upper and fgure of Fortune holding sail with initials I.S. to lower cover. Spine double blind ruled in eight cross- hatched compartments, one gilt-lettered, raised bands gilt, minor re- pair at head and foot, very small loss from lower edge of lower cover. Chatsworth bookplate to front pastedown, another (C19) beneath. 4 5 MOST IMPORTANT ALCHEMY “Flamel’s most recent editor, Laurinda Dixon, notes that the Ex- an excellent example of the combining of visual and verbal me- position of the Hieroglyphical Figures (frst French edition, 1612) diums so characteristic of alchemical discourse before and after 4. [ARTEPHIUS]. “was destined to inspire debate and conjecture not only in its own the invention of printing. Most of the work is, in fact, given over century, but for three hundred years thereafter”. Te controver- to explication of the painted fgures that he commissioned for Trois traitez de la philosophie naturelle non encore imprimez. Scavoir Le secret livre du tres-ancien philosophe Artephius, traitant sy centers primarily on ques- an arch in the churchyard of the de l’art occulte & transmutation metallique. tions about Flamel’s identity Innocents in Paris; these were Paris, chez Guillaume Marette, 1612. as alchemist and author: was no ordinary representations but he – along with his beloved imitations of the allegorical illus- £10,500 wife and alchemical partner, trations from the famous book Perrenelle – a real, fabulous- of Abraham the Jew, that had ly successful medieval adept served as Flamel’s alchemical in- whose transmutations result- spiration.” S. Linden (Ed.), ‘Te ed in many charitable acts in Alchemy Reader: From Hermes Paris and Boulogne (as re- Trismegistus to Isaac Newton.’ ported in the Introduction to Nicolas Flamel is perhaps now the Exposition, precisely dat- most famous for his appearance ed 1413), or was the “Flamel in the work “Te philosophers legend” a fction created by Stone” by J K Rowling, the the work’s frst publisher, P. frst of her Harry Potter series. Arnauld de la Chevalerie, in BM STC Fr. C17th A-916. the early seventeenth century? USTC 6016663. Caillet 3976. Duveen (1949) 27. Ferguson Current scholarly opinion favors the latter view, while admit- I:47-48 (variant issue). “Most of the copies I have examined ting the existence of a wealthy medieval Parisian named Nicolas have been imperfect damaged stained or dirty. Te large Flamel, a scrivener by trade, whose tombstone is still to be seen folding plate of Flamel’s heiroglyphics is usually wanting” along a stairway in Paris’s Musée de Cluny. Indeed, no manu- Rosenthal, Bibl. magica, 53. script or printed text of the Exposition that dates from before the seventeenth century has been discovered. Flamel’s Exposition is L3037

ONLY ONE COPY RECORDED

5. [BACON, Nathaniel]. Relation of the Fearefull Estate of Francis Spira, in the yeare, 1548. London, printed by I.L. for Phil. Stephens, and Christoph. Meredith, 1638.

£2,950 FIRST EDITION. 4to. pp. 103 [i]. Roman and Italic letter. co label gilt, edges and inner dentelles gilt, combed marble (Latin in Italic and French in Roman letter in frst work). endpapers, a.e.r., extremities a little rubbed, blue silk marker. 12mo. pp. [iv], 80. A-C12 D6. [lacking A1 apparently blank]. Roman and Italic letter, text within box rule. Title with ty- Floriated woodcut initials, folding woodcut (between pp. pographical ornament, woodcut initial, typographical headpiece. Age yellowing, frst leaf of text with tear in upper out- 48-49) and 8 allegorical woodcuts in text, occasional ms Rare and important frst editions of this collection of three foun- er corner removing contemporary autograph (dated 1648) on recto, just touching running head-line & frst line on ver- underlining and marginal note, large armorial bookplate of dational alchemical texts, illustrated with 8 beautiful emblem- so, t-p dusty and soiled at fore-edge, tear at blank gutter, tiny worm trail in text, block a little loose and worn at corners, the Dukes of Arenberg by E. Vermorcken and A.F. Schoy, atic woodcut fgures; it contains the frst edition of ‘Te hiero- some minor marginal staining, the odd thumb mark. A completely unsophisticated copy in contemporary sheep, covers with the motto “Christus protector meus”, and ms. shelfmark gliphiques fgures’ by Nicolas Flamel, Te Secret Book of the bordered with a double blind rule, worn and stained, spine with small tear at head, lower corner of lower cover worn. in three frames on pastedown. Age yellowing, unknown alchemist Artephius and the True Book some very minor spotting, blank lower outer on the Philosopher’s Stone ascribed to the Greek Exceptionally rare edition, (one of three frst printed in 1638), of Bacon’s work, recorded in one copy only, at the Folger Library. Te corner of C4 torn, t-p fractionally dusty. A very Abbot Synesios.. Although Arnauld claims Flamel’s other two editions of the same year are also extremely rare, each recorded in fve copies only. Te work is a retelling of the story of the good copy, crisp and clean with good margins in work to have been translated by himself from Lat- Italian Protestant Francesco Spiera’s apostasy in 1548. Spiera had been denounced to the Inquisition, and, fearful that he would lose his handsome French speckled calf c. 1700, spine in into French, it is most probably an original wealth and impoverish his family, he renounced Protestantism publicly, both at St. Mark’s in Venice and in his hometown of Citadella, with gilt ruled raised bands, double gilt ruled in composition ascribed to Flamel in order to beneft near Padua. He began to hear a voice warning him not to apostatise, and admonishing him for denying God and sentencing him to eter- compartments, flled with gilt scrolls, red moroc- from the latter’s legendary fame as an alchemist. nal damnation. Convinced that he had been forsaken by the Lord, Spiera fell into despair and left with his family for Padua, where his condition quickly came to the attention of prominent theologians, including Pier Paolo Vergerio, the bishop of Capodistra, and Matteo 6 7 Gribaldi. He refused food maintaining his conviction that God had forsaken him and fnally, almost eight weeks later, he starved to death. “Tere are three distinct editions of this date .. which are best dis- tinguished by the spellings of the word ‘Attorney’ at l. 5 of the title “Vergerio, Gribaldi, and three other notable fgures- Henry Scrymgeour, Sigismund Gelous, and Martin Borrhaus, wrote eye- page. Tough it cannot be determined absolutely, the chronologi- witness accounts of Spiera’s agony and death. These were gathered together and published in Latin in 1550, together with prefaces cal order of the spellings is now considered to be (1) ‘Atturny’. (2) by John Calvin and Celio Secondo Curione, another Italian Protestant. Separate editions of the narratives in this book appeared ‘Aturney’, (3) ‘Atturney’. It is probable that these editions were within the year in Latin, Italian, and English. .. This was just the the frst wave of a tide of sixteenth-century publications printed in diferent years, though all before 1624.” Gibson about Spiera in all of the major European languages. His story was told in every imaginable kind of literature-theological tracts, sermons, plays, ballads, and popular “wonder books” .. Hardly anyone remembers Spiera anymore. And yet to readers all over Essayes: Religious Meditations (1597) was the frst published book sixteenth-century Europe, he was a familiar fgure. His notoriety was not only broad; it was lasting. ... Finally, Nathaniel Ba- by the philosopher, statesman and jurist Francis Bacon. Te Essays con produced an English recension of the original set of Latin narratives. This circulated clandestinely in Puritan circles; it was are written in a wide range of styles, from the plain and unadorned fnally published in 1637 or 1638 as A ‘Relation of the Fearefull Estate of Francis Spira.’ Prior to 1800, the book was reissued to the epigrammatic. Tey cover topics drawn from both public and at least ten times; there were eight American printings as well. The last edition of Bacon’s book listed in the British Library cat- private life, and in each case the essays cover their topics systemat- alog was issued in 1845, almost three hundred years afer Spiera’s death. ...English Puritans’ interest in the Spira story peaked ically from a number of diferent angles, weighing one argument in the 1630s, when the Arminian counterrevolution transformed previously orthodox Calvinists into a harried minority within against another. A much-enlarged second edition appeared in 1612 the church. Robert Bolton published an infuential commentary on the Spira story as early as 1631, and Bacon produced his with 38 essays. Another, under the title Essayes or Counsels, Civ- recension of the various eyewitness accounts of Spira’s death. The manuscript of Bacon’s ‘Fearefull Estate’ was already widely ill and Morall, was published in 1625 with 58 essays. Translations known some years before it was published; the London turner Nehemiah Wallington copied out the whole book in 1635. Bacon’s into French and Italian appeared during Bacon’s lifetime. Tough Spira story was longer than any other English version, and it accordingly introduced more issues and greater complexities into the Bacon considered the Essays “but as recreation of my other studies”, story. It is possible to see in it some of the tensions and connections to which readers might have responded. The narrative estab- he was given high praise by his contemporaries, even to the point of lishes a series of oppositions, between which Spira – and the reader – has to choose: fdelity/apostasy, faith/renunciation, hope/ crediting him with having invented the essay form. Later research- despair, persecution/membership, salvation/damnation, even life and death ... Moreover, Bacon’s portrait of Spira is extraordi- es made clear the extent of Bacon’s borowings from the works of narily vivid. It relies heavily on eyewitness accounts, fashioning dramatic dialogue between Spira and the men who try to console Montaigne, Aristotle and other writers, but the Essays have nev- him. In fact, the book reads at times like a play, in which each of the principals has dialogue to speak, and Spira naturally gets ertheless remained in the highest repute. Te 19th century literary the best lines. As a portrait of sufering, it is powerfully realistic, even though it depicts an extreme and uncommon situation.” historian Henry Hallam wrote that “Tey are deeper and more dis- Michael MacDonald. ‘The Fearefull Estate of Francis Spira: Narrative, Identity, and Emotion in Early Modern England.’ criminating than any earlier, or almost any later, work in the Eng- lish language”. Bacon’s genius as a phrase-maker appears to great A very rare and most interesting work. advantage in the later essays. In Of Boldness he wrote, “If the Hill ESTC S124275. STC 1177.5. will not come to Mahomet, Mahomet will go to the hill”, which is the earliest known appearance of that proverb in print. Te phrase “hostages to fortune” appears in the essay Of Marriage and Single Life – again the earliest known usage. Aldous Hux- L3150 ley’s book Jesting Pilate took its epigraph, “What is Truth? said jesting Pilate; and would not stay for an answer”, from Bacon’s essay Of Truth. Te 1999 edition of Te Oxford Dictionary of Quotations includes no fewer than 91 quotations from the Essays.

Sir Francis Bacon (later Lord Verulam and the Viscount St. Albans) lawyer, statesman, essayist, historian, intellectual reformer, phi- 6. BACON, Sir Francis. losopher, and champion of modern science, dedicated himself to a wholesale revaluation and re-structuring of traditional learning. To Te essaies. His religious meditations. Places of perswasion and disswasion. take the place of the established tradition (a miscellany of Scholasticism, humanism, and natural magic), he proposed an entirely new system based on empirical and inductive principles and the active development of new arts and inventions, a system whose ultimate goal London, [By William Jaggard] for Iohn Iaggard, 1613. would be the production of practical knowledge for “the use and beneft of men” and the relief of the human condition. His career aspi- £15,000 rations had been largely disappointed under Elizabeth I, but with the accession of James his political fortunes rose. Knighted in 1603, he was then steadily promoted to a series of ofces, including Solicitor General (1607), Attorney General (1613), and eventually Lord 8vo. 116 unnumbered leaves. A-O8, P4. Roman letter. “Of the colours of good and Chancellor (1618). While serving as Chancellor, he was indicted on charges of bribery and forced from ofce. He retired to his estate euill, a fragment” (i.e. “Places of perswastion and disswasion”) has separate dated where he devoted himself full time to his continuing literary, scientifc, and philosophical work. He died in 1626, leaving a cultural leg- title page on M6 verso. Title within ornamental typographical border, woodcut acy that, for better or worse, includes most of the foundation for the triumph of technology and for the modern world we know. In a way initials, typographical and woodcut head and tail-pieces, ‘H. K. 1699“Father Bacon’s descent from political power was fortunate, for it represented a liberation from the bondage of public life resulting in a remark- Bacon” and Tomas H in contemporary hand on rear fy, short ‘shopping list’ of able fnal burst of literary and scientifc activity. Bacon’s earlier works, impressive as they are, were essentially products of his spare cloths and sundries above, engraved armorial bookplate with motto “Magnanim- time. It was only during his last fve years that he was able to concentrate exclusively on writing and produced some of his fnest work. iter Crucem Sustine” of George Kenyon of Peel Hall, Lancashire (1666–1728;), STC 1142. ESTC S100354. Gibson 8. Grolier Langland to Wither 15. Pforzheimer I 29. Robert S Pirie’s on rear pastedown. Very light age yellowing small worm-trail at gutter not touching text, closed tear in L2. A very good copy, crisp and clean, with K59 good margins, some deckle edges, in contemporary limp vellum, slightly soiled.

Very rare, early, but much enlarged edition of Bacon’s Essays, the frst issue; 8 9 A DOGE’S BINDING al slight foxing, t-p lightly oil stained, early repair to upper outer corner of last two ll., fnal ll. a bit spotted. Very good, wide-margined, probably large paper copy, generally uncut, in fne impression on thicker paper, in Italian vellum, 7. BEMBO, Pietro. c.1800, spine with gilt triple-ruled border and gilt arabesque decoration to compartments, contrasting morocco labels. Rime di Pietro Bembo. Rare Arabic edition of the Gospels and frst publication of the renowned Medici Oriental Press, established in Rome in 1584 with Venice, per Giovanni Antonio Nicolini da Sabbio & fratres, 1530. the endorsement of Pope Gregory XIII and Cardinal Ferdinando de’ Medici (later Gran Duke of Tuscany). Te main aim of this £13,500 enterprise, run by the famous Oriental scholar Giovanni Battista Raimondi, was to print religious books in the most common Ori- ental languages (i.e., Arabic, Syriac, Hebrew, Ethiopic and Persian) and distribute them in the East so as to encourage the spread of FIRST EDITION. 4to. f. 54 unnumbered, A-D8 F10 A-C4, frst and last blank. Italic letter, occasional Roman. Slight age the Gospels. Te splendid Arabic font employed in this edition was designed by Robert Granjon, the ofcial type-cutter of the press. browning and marginal foxing in places, light oil stain to frst couple of gatherings, occasional thumb marks. A very good, In 1591, the Medici press published also the interlinear edition with the Latin original text, also edited by Raimondi. Tis bilingual well-margined copy, on thick paper, in C18 crimson morocco, gilt double-ruled border with dots and palmettes, gilt arms of version was used in Europe for teaching Arabic and thus survives in a much greater number of copies than the pure Arabic edition, Doge Marco Foscarini to covers, roll of palmettes to edges, comb-marbled pastedowns, a.e.g. Spine double gilt ruled in six which was distributed (and almost certainly not warmly welcomed) in the Middle East for (literally speaking) evangelisation. It compartments, roll of fronds, cornerpieces and acorn tool to each, raised bands, a couple of minor cracks to joints, expert seems likely that the beautiful illustrations included in the book as an aid for readers, were not at all appreciated by Muslims, who, repair to upper outer corner of front cover, and joint of lower at head and foot. Te odd early annotation. In folding box. according to the Koran, forbid contemplation of images of God. A large part of the print-run may have been quickly destroyed.

‘Te editio princeps of the Gospels in Arabic ... Te early editions of the Arabic Gospels are all forms of the “Alexandrian Vulgate”’. Te very handsome binding was Boccaccio—masters of the Tuscan ver- Darlow, II/1, p. 63. produced for the bibliophile Marco nacular whose works he also edited—as Foscarini (1696-1763), a poet and the highest models for Italian poets. Bem- Not in BM STC It. Adams, B 1822; Brunet, II, 1123; Graesse, II, 531; Darlow, 1636; Mortimer, Italian, 64. diplomat who served as 117th Doge bo followed his own advice in ‘Rime’, a L2831 of Venice between 1762 and 1763, collection featuring sonnets and longer when his ofce was cut short by illness poems. A jewel of Renaissance literature, and death. It is an almost exact match ‘Rime’ pays tributes to the ‘Tree Crowns’, with BL C47d10, probably made in especially celebrating the half-angelic/ Rome where Foscarini was ambas- half-earthly ‘gentile’ lady of Dante’s ‘dolce sador for Venice between 1736 and stil novo’, who gives ‘vigour’ to the fowers 1740 (‘BL Bookbindings Database’). around her, as well as Petrarch’s feeting muse Laura, whose look can make the Very good copy of the frst edition of poet feel ‘burning and tied’ and experience Pietro Bembo’s ‘Rime’. Born in Venice, ‘joy mixed with torment’. Te light-heart- Bembo (1470-1547) was a scholar, ed stanzas at the end of the work, focus- poet, critic and later cardinal. After ing on love and its efects, were original- his studies at Messina and Padua, he ly composed to be read at a masquerade travelled extensively in Italy; his love organized by the Duchess of Urbino. Tis for the Tuscan vernacular, which he frst edition of the ‘Rime’ includes the in- considered the perfect language for Italian literature, devel- troductory letter to Ottaviano Fregoso dropped from later ones. oped during a stay in Florence. In 1525, he published ‘Le prose della volgar lingua’, a ground-breaking work of philol- BM STC It., p. 81; Graesse I, 332; Gamba 141 (only men- ogy and literary criticism celebrating the cultural value of the tioned): ‘prima rara ristampa’. Not in Brunet. vernacular versus Latin and electing Dante, Petrarch and L2875

LARGE PAPER GOSPELS IN ARABIC 8. BIBLE. Evangelium sanctum. [in Arabic]. Rome, Tipografa Medicea Orientale, 1591 [1590].

£29,500

EDITIO PRINCEPS. Folio. pp. 368. Arabic letter, little Roman and Italic. 149 large, attractive woodcuts (69 re- peated), partly by Antonio Tempesta and Leonardo Parasole, of the four evangelists and scenes from the life of Christ, arabesque head- and tailpieces, typographical double-rule throughout. Intermittent light age browning, margin- 10 11 9. BIBLE [with] PSALMS. that some notes were “very partial, untrue, seditious, and savouring too much of dangerous and traitorous conceits.” His attitude Tat is, the Holy Scriptures conteined in the Old and New Testament. is perhaps unsurprising when notes such as Exodus 1:19 claimed that a disobedient act against a king was lawful. Despite royal ... (with) Te book of Psalmes, collected into English meeter, by Tomas antipathy, the Geneva Bible remained popular, often described as the ‘Bible of the people’. It was not generally used in the Church Sternhold. of England as the notes were sometimes too Protestant for the Elizabethan religious settlement; it was however used in the Scottish Kirk. In 1579 a Scottish edition of the Geneva version was the frst Bible to be printed in Scotland. According to Darlow and Moule, [Amsterdam, J. F. Stam, after 1633]. between 1560 and 1644 at least 140 editions of the Geneva Bible or Testament appeared. It was the Bible of Shakespeare and as late £5,750 as 1643, Cromwell’s New Model Army was carrying the Soldier’s Pocket Bible made up of extracts. Tis edition contains two false title pages and was certainly produced outside the monopoly of the Stationers Company. Despite the fact that unlicensed foreign texts 4to. 1) f. [iv], 190; 127, [i]; 121, [xi] 2) pp. [x], 93 [i.e. 91], [xi]. Ro- infringed this monopoly, imported material had a sizeable share of the English and Scottish book market in the seventeenth century. man letter, some Italic, double column, entirely ruled in red. General Here the false imprint dates to the reign of Elizabeth I when Geneva Bibles were less controversial. Te illegal transportation of books and NT titles within heart-shaped woodcut borders with twenty-four into the country was certainly monitored by the authorities. William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633-45, admitted small compartments, left, the tents of the twelve tribes; on the right that he had suppressed the Geneva Bible during his time in ofce at the twelve Apostles, the four Evangelists at centre, additional printed his trial, stating that he had suppressed this version, not only because general title with woodcut illustration, 3 woodcut maps and numer- of the controversial marginal notes, but also because he was trying ous illustrations in the text of the Old Testament, woodcut tailpiec- to protect the economic position of English printers. John Frederick es and small foriated initials. “Humfrey Tomlinson his book at the Stam was an established printer at Amsterdam who particularly tar- Inns Temple Gate millenon 1649” on last blank of the OT, repeated geted the English book market becoming one of the leading printers of on fy dated 1644, with genealogical notes of his family until 1677 English texts in the Netherlands, mainly producing Bibles, generally on front fy, “Elisabeth Busby her Book, given her by her father” with printed with false title pages which credited the printing to Barker. many genealogical notes of the Busby family to 1723 on fy, “William 1) STC 2177, version with “seuen/ and twenty prouinces” in Andrews his book 1794” underneath both of Tomlinson’s, with his Esther I, 1. ESTC S117087. Darlow & Moule I 191. 2) STC engraved armorial bookplate on pastedown, Sir Arthur Helps’ book- 2499.4 ESTC S90671. See Emily Wood, Glasgow University plate on fy (“Auxilia Auxiliis”). Light age yellowing, marginal foxing Library Special Collections, 2006 for description of a Geneva or light soiling. A fne copy, crisp and clean in stunning contempo- Bible, Sp Coll Euing Dp-b4. rary English [probably London] black morocco over boards, covers double gilt ruled and dentelle ruled to a panel design, large feurons L2770 gilt to outer corners, corners to central panel fnely gilt, lace worked around a central rose feuron to a fan design, identi- cal circular fan design gilt at centre, spine double gilt ruled and dentelle ruled to compartments, hatched lozenge tool and 10. BLAGRAVE, John. feurons gilt at centres, edges gilt ruled, inner dentelles, a.e.g. spine a little cracked, end papers sympathetically renewed. Te mathematicall jewell. Shewing the making, and most excellent use of a singuler instrument so called.... A rare complete ‘Geneva’ Bible, with the Psalms, published clandestinely in Amster- London, by Walter Veng, 1585. dam for the English market with a false date and imprint, in a stunning contempo- rary gilt morocco ‘fan’ binding. Te beautiful gilt tooled binding is very fnely worked £27,500 in the style, then fashionable, of french baroque “fan” bindings, however the binding is probably from London as evidenced by the the hatched lozenge tool on the spine. Te FIRST EDITION. Folio. pp. [xii], 124 [par.]4 2[par.]2 A-P4 use of high quality black morocco and a decoration of fnely worked ‘fan’ designs on Q2. Two leaves with full page woodcut illustrations before ti- the covers is particularly striking. Te exiled English community at Geneva, during tle, folded table bound in after c4. Roman letter some Italic. the reign of Queen Mary, became a centre for Bible study and under the guidance of Large woodcut of Blagrave’s astrolabe on title, many wood- Whittingham, a new translation of the Bible was undertaken. Te present edition cut illustrations in text, historiated woodcut initials, typo- was the work of William Whittingham, Anthony Gilby, Tomas Sampson, and per- graphical headpieces, Erwin Tomash’s label on pastedown, haps others, revised by Laurence Tomson, with the Franciscus Junius translation of early inscription on fep. in seventeenth century hand (see Revelation translated to English by Tomson. Te Bible that was produced at Geneva below). Age yellowing, cut a little close in upper margin just touching running headlines on a few leaves, small stain to used several devices to help the reader study, understand and interpret. Te script outer margin of frst two leaves causing a little fragility and chipping just touching typographical border of woodcut on was divided into numbered verses for the frst time. An ‘argument’ was also used be- second leaf, minor pale waterstaining at edge of t-p, verso of last dusty, lower margins a little dusty in places, rare mar- fore each book and chapter to help explain the meaning. Te marginal notes amount ginal mark or spot. A very good copy, crisp and on thick paper, completely unsophisticated, stab bound in its origi- to 300,000 words or about a third of the complete length. Te translators used these nal limp vellum, un-sewn with vellum ties stabbed through book block, holes for ties, vellum a little soiled, and creased. scholarly annotations to clarify ambiguous meanings and for cross-referencing. King Very rare frst edition of this important work remarkably preserved in its original limp vellum binding. Blagrave was a mathe- James, to impose his version, discouraged the printing of the Geneva version from matician, surveyor and instrument maker from Reading. Educated at St. John’s College, Oxford, he never took a degree but re- 1611. Te authorities of the seventeenth century were also suspicious of these mar- turned to Reading, where he lived of the legacy of land left to him by his father. In 1585 he published this, his major work, ginal annotations, believing that they encouraged sedition. Indeed, James claimed 12 13 which ambitiously promised its readers to “leadeth any man prac- An excellent copy of this rare work. tising thereon, the direct pathway (from the frst steppe to the last) through the whole Artes of Astronomy, Cosmography, Geography, ESTC S373; STC 3119. Tomash & Williams B174 (this copy). Adams & Waters 199; Luborsky & Ingram, English illus- Topography, Navigation, Longitudes of Regions, Dyalling, Spheri- trated books 3119. Taylor, Tudor & Stuart 65. Honeyman 343. Not in Houzeau and Lancaster. call Triangles, Setting fgures, and briefy whatsoever concerneth the K156 Globe or the Sphere”. In practice, the book explained how to make and use a particular kind of navigational instrument: a new kind of astrolabe, which Blagrave named “Te Mathematical Jewel”. EXQUISITE ‘FUGGER BINDER’ BINDING “Te instrument described is a planispheric astrolabe that had a uni- versal projection modifed from the Catholicon of Gemma Frisius —a 11. BOCCACCIO, Giovanni. stay as a canon law student in Naples. His ‘Il Filostrato’, ‘Tesei- description of which can be found in the second booke. Blagrave added Libro delle donne illustri. da’ and ‘Decameron’ had a fundamental infuence on Europe- a movable rete (often found on standard astrolabes but not on the Ca- an authors, including Chaucer. After becoming acquainted with Venezia, per Comin da Trino a instanza di Andrea Arriva- Petrarch and other humanists in the 1350s, he mostly wrote in tholicon), which simplifed its use for astronomical calculations. Tis bene, 1545. astrolabe was universal in the sense that it did not require a number Latin. ‘De mulieribus claris’, which took 15 years to complete of diferent plates or maters to be used at diferent latitudes. Te in- £9,500 from 1361 to 1375, was not translated into Italian until 1545. strument is illustrated in a number of full-page engravings serving as Te ‘Libro’ is a gallery of the biographies of 106 women—myth- frontispieces to the work—engraved by the author according to the FIRST EDITION thus. 8vo. f. (xxiv) 139 (i). Italic letter, ological, historical and contemporary— presented as ‘exempla’ title page. Tis was an expensive instrument to build and consequent- little Roman. Woodcut vignette to t-p, of virtuous or wicked behaviour, follow- ly was not much used. While this is the only edition of this work, decorated initials. Marginal worm trails ing the genre of ‘de viris illustribus’. Te the Jewel was described ten years later in a work by Tomas Blun- to frst and last few ll., some thumbing, translator, Giuseppe Betussi, a renowned deville (Exercises, 1622), and instruction in its use was also ofered mainly marginal spotting in places, inter- C16 writer and supporter of Italian as a by Robert Hartwell, a London teacher of mathematics, in 1623 (see mittent faint oil stain to upper margin, literary language, included in the edition Waters, David Watkin; Art of navigation, 1958, p. 570). Te work small tear to lower margin of fol. 192. A a biography of Boccaccio and addition- is divided into six bookes. Te frst deals with elementary concepts very good copy in contemporary Vene- al lives of his own composition. Among tian olive goatskin, traces of ties, triple Boccaccio’s mythological women were the blind ruled to a panel design, outer bor- berated Helen, wife of King Menelaus, of astronomy; the second with the design and manufacturing der single gilt ruled with gilt lotus tools whose kidnapping by Paris started the of the jewel; the third with the use of the instrument for both and gilt apple tools to corners, centre Trojan war, and Medusa Gorgone, wear- navigation and astronomical calculations; the fourth considers panel double gilt ruled, gilt cornerpieces ing hair in the form of snakes—a feature the same material as the third, but the examples and methods of with leafy tendrils, large gilt lozenge with which Boccaccio dismissed as myth in working come from Blagrave’s own research; the ffth is a treatise gouges, lotus tools and feurons, spine in favour of an historical version in which on spherical triangles; and the last is a work on the use of the four compartments with single gilt ruled she was presented as a powerful queen jewel in creating sundials of all types. For such a small volume, raised bands and rolls of leafy tendrils in deprived of her wealth by Perseus. Te it is remarkably complete and would have made a very useful blind, additional false bands, very minor most remarkable of the historical wom- reference work even if one did not have a jewel to use. In the expert repair to joints and extremities, en, Pope Joan of England, was a great fourth book, Blagrave mentions that he had made a jewel two upper joint slightly cracked, edges gilt scholarly wit who, after passing herself feet in diameter and that he had problems drawing all the arcs and gaufered. C19 bibliographical note to fep, Italian mot- of as a man for years, was appointed pope; she was unmasked on it. He then illustrates a drawing instrument that would suf- to (faded) and early ex-libris ‘Di Gioanbattista Giaccarelli’ whilst giving birth to a secret child during a procession, a fact fce in such a situation.” Erwin Tomash collection. Blagrave is and ‘Alex. (?)’ (faded) at foot of t-p, title inked to lower edge. which, Boccaccio writes, happened because of God’s ‘compassion known to have made other instruments, in particular a famil- towards his fock, guided in that fashion by a woman’. To those Te exquisite gilt binding can be attributed to the ‘Fugger binder’ iar staf, which may have been an instrument for artillerymen. of Boccaccio, Betussi added biographies focusing on women who (also ‘Venetian Apple binder’). Te tooling reprises very close- lived between Boccaccio’s times and his own, like Isabella, Queen Te work contains a very curious manuscript note on the fy which ly the feurons, lotus and apple tools in de Marinis II, 1707 of Spain, celebrated for her support of the crusades in the East, reads: “Here stands Mr. Gray master of this house. And his poor ter. and 2165, and, especially, the cornerpieces on the centre and Vittoria Colonna, a ‘nobildonna’, ‘literary wit’ and ‘devout catt playing with a mouse. John Balgrave marryed this Grayes panel and the blind tooling on the spine in Davis III, 296. widow’. A beautifully bound milestone of European literature. widdow (She was a Hungerford) this John was symple had yssue Handsomely bound copy of the frst edition in Italian of this im- USTC 814823; Brunet I, 991. Not in BM STC It., Gamba, by the widdowe. 1 Anthony who marryed Jane Borlafs. 2 John the portant work by Boccaccio. One of the ‘Tree Crowns’ of Ital- Gay, Fontanini or Cicognara. author of the booke. 3 Alexander the excellent chess player in Eng- ian literature, Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-75) was the son of a land. Anthony had Sir John Blagrave knight who caused his teeth L2836a Florentine merchant who found his poetic vocation during his to be all drawn out and after had a sett of ivory teeth in agayne.” 14 15 A FIRST FROM JOSEPHUS Tis extremely rare translation into English does not con- 12. BOEMUS, Jonathan. tain the original letter of dedication and the third part of the original edition on Europe, but does add, “Te Te Fardle of Facions, Conteining the Aunciente Maners, Customes, and Lawes, of ... Afrike and Asie. treatise of Iosephus, conteyning the ordres, and lawes London, Printed by Jhon Kingstone, and Henry Sutton, 1555. of the Iewes commune wealthe’, translation into Eng- lish of book 4, chapter 8 of ‘Antiquitates Judaicae’. £19,500 STC 3197; ESTC S102775 FIRST EDITION. [368] p. ; 80. *4 A-Y8 Z4. “‘Te treatise of Iosephus, conteyning the ordres, and lawes of the Iewes K148 commune wealthe’, a translation of book 4, chapter 8 of ‘Antiquitates Judaicae’, leaves T7-Z2.” ESTC. Title within woodcut border, large white on black criblé initials, Cardif Castle bookplate on pastedown, small early woodcut of Paris choosing Aphrodite pasted below, bookplate of the Fox Pointe collection on rear fy, C19th engraving of African cut out and pasted on rear pastedown. Light age yellowing, title expertly restored in blank upper margin, two small repairs to blank margins WITH MS. WORKINGS of second leaf, a little thumb marking to lower margins of frst fve leaves. A very good copy, crisp and clean, in late C19th 13. BOETHIUS. black straight grained morocco by Pratt, covers bordered with a triple gilt rule, small feurons gilt at corners, spine, rebacked with original spine laid down, with gilt ruled raised bands, richly gilt in compartments with small scrolled and pointillé tools, De institutione arithmetica. gilt fowers at centre, edges gilt ruled, inner dentelles richly gilt, a.e.g. corners a little worn, extremities fractionally rubbed. [Augsburg, Erhard Ratdolt, 1488.

A very good copy of the rare and important frst English edition of books one and two of Omnium Gentium Mores, Leges et Ritus £42,500 translated by William Waterman; the Fardle of Facions is considered “the frst scientifc approach to ethnology, (in English) portray- ing a ‘pleasant variety of things and yet more proft in the pith’” (Cox I, pp. 69-70). Johann Boemus (c.1485-1535) was a German FIRST EDITION. 4to. 47 unnumbered f., a-e8 f8, dou- humanist, canon of Ulm Cathedral, traveller, and Hebraist. His work, frst published in 1520, was reprinted multiple times in the ble column. Small woodcut tables and geometrical dia- sixteenth century, with later additions, accumulating related treatises by other scholars. It infuenced Sebastian Muenster’s Cosmog- grams throughout, white-on-black decorated initials. Minimal marginal spotting, 7 ms. pages in a near contemporary hand raphy, and inspired the Hauptchronik of Sebastian Franck. It helped set the stage for subsequent investigations of the connections with scientifc diagrams and explanatory text in black-brown ink, bound at end, slightly foxed at margins. A very fne, clean, of law to culture, including Paul Henri Mallett’s Northern Antiquities. “Johannes Boemus’s popular Latin work on the manners, well-margined copy in modern crushed crimson morocco, raised bands, gilt lettered spine, bookplate of Erwin Tomash to laws, and customs of peoples ancient and modern, Omnium Gentium Mores was frst published in Augsburg in 1520. By the early front pastedown. In modern slip case. seventeenth century it had appeared in twenty-three editions and fve lan- A very fne, clean, well-margined copy of the frst edition of this major work in the history of arithmetic. One of the most infuen- guages, including the English, Te fardle of facions. Although he has been tial early Christian philosophers, Severinus Boethius (477-524AD) was a Roman politician at service of Teodoric, King of the called the “frst anthropologist,” Boemus draws primarily on older sources Ostrogoths. He probably studied in Athens where he became fuent in Greek and acquainted with important Hellenic philosophers. such as Herodotus rather than incorporating recent eyewitness accounts of Imprisoned by Teodoric upon charges of high treason, he famously penned in jail his ‘De Consolatione philosophiae’, a milestone the New World. His account of Indian “blackness” draws on Aristotle’s of Western thought. ‘Arithmetica’ was one of his earliest works—an adaptation of the introduction to arithmetic written in Greek “one-seed” theory of conception, whereby the child’s appearance is deter- by the frst-century mathematician Nicomachus of Gerasa. Like Nicomachus, Boethius perceived mathematics and philosophy (im- mined by the father alone.” Loomba A., ‘Race in Early Modern England.’ bued with Platonism) as like-minded disciplines interested in abstract ideas and principles. In Boethius’s introduction, arithmetic Boemus’ work is interesting for not mentioning the recent accounts of trav- is introduced as one of the disciplines in the ‘quadrivium’ (with geometry, music and astronomy), a term attributed to Boethius ellers coming back from the New World, and Asia, even though his work himself which would become the standard continuation of the traditional ‘trivium’ in faculties of arts. ‘Arithmetica’ discusses the could be said to have been inspired by these voyages. “Boemus, a cleric and substance of numbers, their subdivisions into odd and even, following Py- learned humanist, resolutely kept his distance from many contemporary re- thagoras, and the latter’s subdivisions, positive integers (‘compositi’), perfect ports about far of people, he remained cautious as to their truthfulness, he numbers (‘perfecti’) as well as ‘an elaborate theory of ratios and [...] fgurate doubted the factual and moral qualifcation of some of their authors. .. Tis numbers, such as the triangular, square, pentagonal, and cubic’ (Smith-de was no humanist disdain of modernity .. Neither .. was Boemus ignorant of Morgan, p. 28). Te mathematical terms Latinized by Boethius were cur- recent travel and discovery literature. Te .. book had a diferent idea and rent for many centuries and the work was ‘the standard reference book for purpose, it was meant to be a critical complement to recent travel books and arithmetic in the West for a millennium’ (Guillaumin, ‘Boethius’s “De In- to give a fundamental outline of cultural development and variety in general. stitutione”’, 161). Te ms. annotations show geometrical diagrams for cal- .. It would not be unreasonable to take Boemus’ book as a major reference for culations of the ‘true position’ of individual planets within the eighth sphere. early modern European perceptions of human culture on a global scale. Mar- Tey appear to be written in the form of exercises, each beginning with ‘ponas’ garet Hodgen, .. takes Boemus’ book as signifcant for the decisive step from followed by data allowing the calculation of ellipsis and triangulation: e.g., ‘Classical Heritage’ and ‘Medieval Prologue’ towards ‘Early Anthropology’.” ‘place in ! the body of the Sun in that month as shown in the fgure of the eighth sphere’, which suggests the fgure and its main reference points were provid- Joan Pau Rubiés ‘Shifting Cultures: Interaction and Discourse in the Ex- ed probably by a teacher. A very fne, fresh copy of this fundamental work. pansion of Europe.’

16 17 foriated woodcut initials, typographical ornaments, Psalter tended by the bishops and the Puritan leaders. Among the re- with separate title page using the same border, title of second forms discussed were changes in church government, changes in Psalter within woodcut border [McKerrow and Ferguson Te Book of Common Prayer, and a new translation of the Bible. 264], woodcut music, early manuscript list of the signs of “In February, 1604, less than a month after the Hampton Court the Zodiac with predictions for each on rear endpaper, book- Conference, the Fourth or Jacobean Prayer Book was issued. It plate of Andrew K. Hichens on front and rear pastedowns. did not contain very important alterations, and did little to satis- Light age yellowing, frst title fractionally dusty. A fne copy fy the Puritans; but, unlike its two immediate predecessors, it had in beautiful contemporary calf, covers gilt and blind ruled to the direct sanction of Convocation, which in the new Canons of a panel design, feurons gilt to outer corners, central panel 1604 ordered it to be used. Te most important addition was the with gilt scroll work blocked stamped corner-pieces on a ffth part of the Catechism, that ample concluding section which hatched ground, large central strap-work block stamped ar- so admirably defnes the Sacraments; this is supposed to have abesque with a pointille' ground, with central ovals with two been written by Dr. Overall. Te Prayer for the Royal Family.. square compartments, on the upper cover flled with “TI” was added, though only at the end of the Litany; and the Tanks- in blind, on the lower cover “IT”, the same initials stamped givings for Rain, Fair Weather, Plenty, Peace, Deliverance from in outer border by joints, semée of gilt star tools, spine (re- the Plague, were also put in. On the other hand, to please the backed with most of original spine laid down) with raised Puritans who disapproved of the possibility of feminine ministra- bands, double gilt ruled in fve compartments, ornately gilt, tions, Private Baptism was restricted to a “lawful Minister” (a original brass clasps and catches, edges gilt and gaufered, term which, strictly understood, does not exclude lay Baptism in a little rubbed, endpapers renewed, in modern folding box. case of necessity); the explanatory subtitle to Confrmation, “Or laying on of hands,” etc. was added ; and similarly to the title A fne copy of this beautifully printed and rare Jacobean Book of “Te Absolution” were joined the words “or Remission of sins.” Common Prayer in a stunning contemporary binding. Te sec- Te Puritans had demanded the abolition of all Lessons from ond books of Psalms is particularly rare and recorded in one copy the Apocrypha (some of which are of extreme value and beauty); only, at Trinity College Cambridge. Tis binding has many sim- and as a concession, the quaint history of Bel and the Dragon, ilarities to Hobson, English Bindings 1490-1940 in the Library and the much-loved romance of Tobit were given up. In the same of J.R. Abbey, nos. 16 (a binding probably by the printer Robert year the Canons of 1604, which had been drawn up by Convoca- Barker) and no. 18. It is also similar in style to two London bind- tion in 1603, received the sanction of the Crown. Tese Canons ings from 1613 and 1615 in pronounced excommunication Henry Davis Gift, vol II no 67 upon those, whether Puritans or and 68. It houses a beautiful- Romanists, who “impugned” the ly printed edition of the James Prayer Book or refused to use it, ISTC ib00828000; Riccardi I/1, 139: ‘prima e rara’; Smith-de Morgan, pp. 25-28; Gof B828. J.-Y. Guillaumin, ‘Boethius’s I Book of Common Prayer. and they asserted the historical De Institutione’, in A Companion to Boethius in the Middle Ages, ed. N.H. Kaylor et al. (Leiden, 2012), 135-62. claim of the English Church to Te Book of Common Prayer K166 be a part of the Church Catho- replaced the Breviary, Missal, lic.” Percy Dearmer. ‘Everyman’s Manual, Pontifcal and Pro- History of the Prayer Book.’ cessional required for daily and VERY FINE CONTEMPORARY BINDING yearly worship. It provided 1)ESTC S2778. STC 16337a. 14. BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER “Te Common Prayer” to be 2) ESTC S90712. STC used in services by the Church 2548.5 Book of common prayer and administration of the sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies of the Church of England. of England and “Te Admin- L3094 London, Robert Barker, 1613. [with] istration of the Sacraments”. THE WHOLE BOOK OF PSALMES. Te Hampton court Conference of 1604 held response to the Te whole book of psalmes. Collected into English meeter by Tomas Sternhold, Iohn Hopkins, and others. Conferred with the Millenary Petition, in which Hebrevv, with aptnotes to sing them withall. the Puritans set forth their de- London, printed for the Company of Stationers, 1614. mands for reform of the Church of England, leading to some £12,500 changes in the Books of Prayer. 4to, two works in one. 1) pp. [504]. A-C8 D10 E-R8 S10 T-2H8. 2) f. 96. A-M8. Black letter with some Roman and Te conference was presided Italic. First title page in red and black within woodcut border [McKerrow and Ferguson 165], calendar in red and black, over by King James I and at- 18 19 THE GABRIELLE D’ESTRÉES - PRINCE DE CONDÉ COPY Provenance: Tis fnely illuminated Book of Hours has an illustrious prov- 1. Commissioned by a wealthy Parisian patron in the late ffteenth century, perhaps the young noblewom- 15. BOOK OF HOURS. enance, reaching to the height of the sixteenth-century French an who is shown being struck down by a skeletal death on fol.107r: with the three patron saints of the nobility and innermost parts of the royal court. Te Hours of Gabrielle d’Estrées, Use of Paris, illuminated city, SS. Geneviève (3 January), Denis (9 October) and Marcellus (1 November) in red in the Calendar. manuscript in Latin and French on vellum. Te volume comprises: a Calendar (fol.1r); the Gospel read- Near-contemporary additions to the endleaves at the back appeal to the royal virgin saint, Isabelle of Northern France, (Paris), c. 1480. ings (fol.13r); the Obsecro te (fol.17v); the Hours of the Virgin, France (1224-1270; the sister of St. Louis, and daughter of King Louis VIII, who founded the Fran- with Matins (fol.21r), Lauds (fol.37v), Prime (fol.47r), Terce ciscan Poor Clare monastery at Longchamps immediately west of Paris; her cult approved in 1521) as £57,500 (fol.51r), Sext (fol.54v), Nones (fol.58r), Vespers (fol.61v) and “sancta mater ysabella” (sacred mother Isabelle) and “nostre ysabelle” (our Isabelle), perhaps suggesting that the original commissioner retired to that royal monastic house in her old age. 152 by 105mm, 150 leaves Compline (fol.68r); the (plus 2 original endleaves Seven Penitential Psalms 2. Almost certainly used by Gabrielle d’Estrées, mistress of King Henri IV of France, in her devo- at front), complete, colla- (fol.77r) followed by a Lit- tions: with an inscription of the seventeenth-century on the inside of the front pastedown, describing tion: i-xi8, xii6, xiii-xvii8, any and prayers; the Hours this book as “manuscrit a[ve]c armes de Gabrielle d Estrees provenent de chateau de Prince de Condé” xviii6, xix10 (the last quire of the Cross (fol.101r); the (the arms presumably once on the previous sixteenth-century binding). Te political marriage of Hen- including last endleaf and Hours of the Holy Spirit ri IV to Margaret of Valois in 1572, was made with the hope of uniting Catholics and Protestants pastedown), catchwords, (fol.104r); the Ofce of the at the height of the French Wars of Religion, but was far from happy – and Henry as a Protestant single column, 20 lines in Dead (fol.107r); Sufrag- Huguenot was even excluded from the religious part of his own marriage ceremony and had to wait an angular letter batarde, es to SS. Christopher, John outside the Cathedral of Notre Dame. He had a string of mistresses both before and after his elevation capitals touched in red, the Baptist, Genevieve, and to the French monarchy in 1589, but none more important than Gabrielle d Estrées. She was born a red rubrics, small initials Mary Magdalene, followed Catholic in 1573, and in 1590 met and fell in love with the king at the age of seventeen. Tey were in liquid gold on burgun- by prayers to the Virgin. Te openly afectionate in public, and deeply devoted, with her accompanying him on campaigns and liv- dy, pale blue or brown endleaves at the back are ing in the royal tent, even when heavily pregnant. She was given the titles of Duchess of Beaufort and grounds, line-fllers in flled with near-contempo- Verneuil and Marchioness of Monceaux, and served the king as confdant and political advisor as well same, larger initials in rary prayers. Tis artist was as lover. She was most probably single-handedly responsible for his conversion to Catholicism in 1593 white scrolls on burgundy a follower of Maître François aimed at bringing the divisive religious wars to an end and enabling his coronation. In 1595 he legit- grounds enclosing foliage (f . c. 1460-80, perhaps to imised by public proclamation his son by Gabrielle, and went on to do this twice more with further sprays on brightly bur- be identifed with the artist children of theirs in the same decade. In 1596 he awarded her a formal place on his royal council. nished gold ground and François Le Barbier, who is Te openness of their relationship and her perceived power over the monarch, bred scandal, and pam- accompanying three-quar- documented between 1455 phlets circulated ridiculing the couple and nicknaming her La Duchesse d’Ordure (the duchess of flth). ter miniatures, Obsecro te and 1472), and employs his In March 1599, after a papal annulment of his actual marriage, Henri proposed to her and gave her with three-quarter border stylistic facial types with pale his coronation ring. However, married bliss was not to be theirs, and she died suddenly only days later, of coloured acanthus leaf skin tones and rosy cheeks, on 11 April, either through seizures brought on by pregnancy or malicious poisoning. Te king was and other foliage, 8 quar- angular interior architec- consumed by grief, and setting aside convention wore black in mourning (the frst occasion on which a ter-page miniatures (for tural details and gold high- French king did so), and gave her a full state funeral as if she were a queen. She is buried in the abbey Hours of the Virgin after lighting of the draperies. His of Notre-Dame-La-Royale de Maubuisson Saint-Ouen- l’Aumone (Ile-de-France). She is the presumed Matins) with three-quar- work was the foremost infu- subject of the erotic painting Gabrielle d Estrées et une de ses soeurs of 1594, now in the Louvre, in ter borders as before, 6 ence on the Parisian book which she and her sister sit half-naked in a bath as she holds Henry’s coronation ring in her fnger- three-quarter page arch-topped miniatures with fgures and arts in the early decades of the second half of the ffteenth century. draperies heightened with liquid gold strokes, and with bor- tips and her sister coquettishly touches Gabrielle’s nipple with her thumb and forefnger, and she was ders of foliage on dull-gold and blank parchment shapes, some Te large miniatures comprise: 1. fol.13r, St. John seated in a also the subject of a posthumous publication: Mémoires secrets de Gabrielle d’Estrée, presumed to have thumbing to a small number of borders with only signifcant grassy landscape, writing on a scroll, as his attribute the eagle ap- been written by a close friend. She was not a Parisian herself, and so is unlikely to have inherited the smudge in border of fol.107r, slightly trimmed at edges with pears to him; 2 fol.21r, the Annunciation to the Virgin in a richly present book from a family member, and more probably she received it as a gift (perhaps even from the damage to catchwords and loss of outer vertical borders up to decorated gothic room, with a small bird in the margin; 3. fol.77r, original owner in her extreme old age). Its rebinding then with her arms suggests its importance to her. edges of decoration on some miniature pages, later architec- David kneeling at the foot of a hill as God appears to him in the 3. Almost certainly later in the library of the Prince de Condé in its frst incarnation (perhaps among the 900 tural designs enclosing human faces with contemporary col- sky above; 4. fol.101r, the Crucifxion, with a small yellow bird manuscripts which formed this family’s early library, before the wild collecting of illuminated manuscripts ouring pasted to front endleaves, seventeenth-century French in the border; 5. fol.104r, Pentecost in a detailed gothic interior; by Henri d’Orléans, duc d’Aumale, including the celebrated Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry, in binding morocco, profusely gilt-tooled with foral sprays and 6. fol.107r, Death as a tall corpse wrapped in a white shroud, the mid-nineteenth century; the two parts now forming the opulent library of the Musée Condé, Chantilly. ‘s’ shapes within 2 rows of double fllets, cracking at spine edg- lifting a spear to strike a young woman in blue dress, as she falls es, but solid in binding, in ftted brown-cloth covered slipcase. back in horror, the whole scene set before a half-timbered charnel K92 house, with the skulls of the dead stacked up inside the rafters. 20 21 16. BOOK OF HOURS. 17. BOOK OF HOURS. Use of Saint-André de Bordeaux, in Latin, illuminated manu- Use of Autun. script on vellum. [France, perhaps Autun, c. 1480]. [Bordeaux, c. 1500]. £19,500 £75,000 130mm x 88mm, 208 leaves, some catchwords but collation impractical, wanting 2 leaves after fol. 24, another after 185 by 130mm, 124 leaves (plus 2 modern paper endleaves at fols. 85 and 152 and one at end, single column of 15 lines of lettre batarde, red rubrics, one- and 2-line initials in blue back), wanting a single leaf after fol. 55 (probably with min- and liquid gold with contrasting penwork, larger initials in dark blue on burgundy grounds enclosing liquid gold scroll- iature) and another leaf after fol. 30, collation: i-ii6, iii-iv8, v7 work, some leaves with decorated borders of coloured and acanthus leaves and more realistic foliage on liquid gold or (wants iii), vi-vi8, viii9 (wants v), ix4, x-xvi8, xvii4 (including blank vellum shapes, 5-line historiated initial opening the Ofce of the Dead, with a young woman (perhaps the orig- last endleaf ), single column of 20 lines in a fne lettre batarde, inal owner) being struck down by Death, here as a spear wielding skeleton, some slight cockling and small spots pale rubrics, small initials in liquid gold on coloured grounds, and stains, else excellent condition; contemporary binding of brown calf over wooden boards, blind-stamped in rec- line-fllers in same, fve small rectangular miniatures (fols. 7r, tangles flled with feur-de-lys, a monkey, a bird, and a foliate scroll, small scufs and ink stains, rebacked and restored. 8r, 9r, 10v and 109r) with full decorated borders of gold acan- thus leaves on blue and burgundy grounds and realistic sprays Te volume comprises: a Calendar (fol. 1r); the Obsecro te (fol. 13r) and O intemerata (fol. 17v); the Gospel extracts (fol. 21r); of foliage on dull gold grounds, ten large miniatures set within the Hours of the Virgin (fol. 25r); the Seven Penitential Psalms (fol. 86r) with a Litany; the Ofce of the Dead (fol. 106r); seasonal coloured and gold detailed architectural frames (these enclos- variants for the hours (fol. 153r, wanting last leaf). ing full-length fgures of angels, attendant fgures a classical Provenance: dull-gold statue and David and Goliath on pedestals), set above large coloured initials on grounds heightened with liquid gold Written and illuminated c. 1480, most probably for a patron in Autun: Calendar with local saints, Nazarus and Celsus (28 and 5 lines of text, the foregrounds of the miniatures continu- July, with octave, to whom the original cathedral of Autun was dedicated), St Lazare (1 September, with “Hic ft de sanc- ing in the bas-de-page, some thumbing and small faking from to Lazaro” on 2 and 3 September), the revelatio of St Lazare (20 October, with octave), Proculus (4 November), the ad- bases, seventh gathering loose, small spots and stains; nine- ventus reliquiarum of Nazarius and Celsus (6 November), Amator (26 November), and the dedication of the church teenth-century red morocco, gilt-tooled with double fllet and of St Lazare (20 December), with these and further local saints in the Litany (SS. Martial, Trophine, and Saturnine). foral sprays at corners. K141

Tis volume comprises: a Calendar (fol. 1r); the Gospel extracts (fol. 7r); the Hours of the Virgin (fol. 13r); the Seven Peni- BOUND FOR CHARLES II tential Psalms (fol. 63r) followed by a Litany; the Ofce of the Dead (fol. 80v); the Obsecro te (fol. 109r) followed by prayers. 18. BORNITZ, Jakob. Te source of the richly illuminated scenes here is most probably a printed copy of the text with miniatures designed by the De nummis in Repib. percutendis & conservandis libri duo. Master of Anne de Bretagne, a Parisian artist named after an opulent Book of Hours illuminated for the queen of both kings Charles VIII and Louis XII of France. His workshop illuminated manuscripts and produced designs for printed copies (R. Hanau, typis Wechelianis : apud Claudium Marnium & heredes Ioannis Aubrii, 1608. Wieck, Painted Prayers, 1997, p. 57, no. 38), and one of those presumably stands behind this work by a Bordeaux illumina- £7,500 tor. Te subjects of the large miniatures are: (1) fol. 13r, the Annunciation; (2) fol. 24v, the Visitation; (3) fol. 32r, the Pente- cost; (4) fol. 38v, Nativity; (5) fol. 43r, the Annunciation to the Shepherds; (6) fol. 46r, Adoration of the Magi; (7) fol. 49r, FIRST EDITION. 4to pp. 102, [x]. A-O4. Roman letter, some Italic and Greek, woodcut printer’s device on title- page repeated Presentation in the temple; (8) fol. 52r, Flight into Egypt; (9) fol. 63r, David in prayer; (10) fol. 80v, Job on the dungheap. on recto of last (otherwise blank), foriated woodcut initials, typographical headpieces, woodcut tailpieces, octagonal stamp in blue on verso of t-p of the British Museum, indicating Royal Library provenance, and duplicate stamp, 1787, sold Leigh and So- Provenance: theby, March 1788, armorial bookplate with motto “Aurea mediocritas” on pastedown, autograph ‘John Caley’ (1760-1834,) the 1. Written and illuminated in Bordeaux around the opening of the sixteenth century, with the use of the Ofce of the Virgin that antiquary on fy, initials A.J.P., stamped on rear pastedown. Age browning, occasional light foxing, marginal wormtrail. A good of the exceptionally rare Saint-André de Bordeaux, with the Ofce of the Dead in general agreement with use of Bordeaux. Te copy in a splendid Restoration crimson morocco binding, for Charles II by the Samuel Mearne bindery, boards gilt ruled to a panel Calendar includes a number of southern French saints, such as Quiteria (22 May), and Genesius (25 August, in red), Bertrand design, gilt crowned cypher of Charles II between palm leaves to outer corners, spine with gilt ruled raised bands, expertly rebacked, of Comminges (16 October) and Fronto (25 October), as well as specifcally Bordeaux saints (such as Beraldus and Amand). with original spine laid down, gilt crowned cypher of Charles between palm leaves at centres, a.e.g. a little worn at extremities.

2. Richard de Loménie (collection dispersed before 1938): his late nineteenth to early twentieth-century armorial bookplate en- First edition of this important work on the minting and circulation of money by Jacob Bornitz who worked at the court of Rudolf II as graved by Bouvier, with motto: “Je maintiendray”; a family member of Étienne-Charles de Loménie (1727-94), fnance minis- a political administrator and wrote several works on economics, trade and political philosophy. He was an author well known in Stu- ter of King Louis XVI, bishop of Condom, archbishop of Toulouse and fnally archbishop of Sens. Another Book of Hours art England; his works were owned by John Donne and William Camden. Tis tract on the minting and preservation of coins within once owned by him now in Te Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 77 L 59, Pierpont Morgan Museum, M.1073, and oth- a republic, dedicated to Rudolf II, was probably his best-known work. “Jacob Bornitz (1560 – 1625), an advocate for the Hapsburg ers sold in Christie’s, 7 July 2010, lot 36; and 15 July 2015, lot 28, as well as widely in the French trade in the last decade. imperial treasury, was a strong advocate of alchemy. He made the alchemically inspired “mastery of Nature”, which encouraged Rudolf II in Prague to patronize new industries, into an explicit political theory. Bornitz was responsible both for the frst discussion of reason K140 22 23 of state in German-speaking lands, as well as for do (Rodrigues, ‘História da Companhia de Jesus’, III, 186). After a theorizing of the body politic based on alchem- leading expeditions to the Indies as navy captain, he became court ical views of natural bodies. In particular, in his cosmographer in 1624—the year of the ex-libris in this copy. His last and greatest work, On a Sufciency of Tings interests in astronomical instruments were determined by his pro- (1625) he stressed that money and circulated goods fessional knowledge of navigation; incidentally, in 1627 he sur- operated as a ‘second blood’, circulating through so- vived a horrendous shipwreck in the Indies in which nearly 2000 ciety. Tis formulation preceded William Harvey’s people lost their lives (see ‘Le naufrage des Portugais’, 211, 215). formulation of the circulation of blood..” Mary Lin- demann ‘Money in the German-speaking Lands.’ Lavishly illustrated second—and frst trade—edition of this important work in the history of astronomical mechanics. Whilst the frst edition “Samuel Mearne (1624–1683) the best known was issued privately by the author in a limited print-run of c.100 copies, binder of this period .. described by David Pearson largely for presentation to would-be patrons, the second was intended for as ‘long celebrated as the greatest name in English wider circulation. It was completely reset and slightly revised from the Restoration bookbinding’. As well as .. being the frst, the woodcuts and copperplates of which were sold to the printer Lev- bookbinder to the King, his son Charles was also inus Hulsius after Brahe’s death. Except for the engraving of an armil- granted the posts of bookbinder, bookseller and sta- lary sphere on C6, which substituted a woodcut of the same subject, all tioner to the monarch. Te restoration of the mon- the handsome illustrations, of fresh impression in this copy, were based archy in 1660 is seen as the beginning of a ‘golden on the original plates and blocks (Honeyman I, 490). Te scion to one age’ in English bookbinding, in which Mearne was of Denmark’s most important aristocratic family, Tycho Brahe (1546 a fgurehead. He is known as the chief exponent of -1601) studied at Copenhagen and Leipzig pursuing his multifarious style, and is consistent with the bindings he made for Charles the ‘Cottage Style’ or ‘Cottage Roof’ design, described by John interests in a variety of subjects including astronomy, astrology (which II’s library at St James’s; records show that he bound 830 books Carter as ‘A style of decoration in which the top and bottom of resulted in horoscopes for famous personalities), philosophy and physics. for St James’s between 1663 and 1667 see Nixon, “English Res- the rectangular panel, which itself will be flled with smaller or- His theorisation of ‘geo-heliocentrism’ sought to reconcile and revise the toration Bindings”, plates 2 and 6, for near-identical bindings. naments in a variety of rich designs, slope away from a broken Copernican, Ptolemaic and Aristotelian systems, positing that the Sun centre, thus producing a sort of gabled efect’. Te two Cs back BM STC Ger. C17th vol. I B1871. Not in Kress. Gold- and Moon re- to back between palm leaves, Charles II’s cypher, is a good in- smiths I 372. volved around dication that this book has been bound by Mearne: the tools to the earth, L2363 create these designs in the leather were used exclusively by him.” whilst the Catherine Sutherland, Pepys Library and Special Collections, fve known Magdalene College libraries. Te binding is in a simple Mearne planets or- bited around the Sun. Devised to assist astronomers and navigators with applied calculations, ‘Astronomiae Instauratae Mechan- ica’ illustrates the instruments Brahe constructed and employed for his THE PORTUGUESE ROYAL COSMOGRAPHER’S COPY research at the observatories of Uraniborg and its underground counter- 19. BRAHE, Tycho. part, Stjerneborg, which he established in the 1580s. Prefaced by a full- page illustration, each section explains the making (usually from iron or Astronomiae Instauratae Mechanica. ‘orichalcus’, i.e., gilt brass) and workings of each instruments including Nuremberg, Hulsius Levinus, 1602. several types of quadrants (‘minor’, ‘azimuthalis’), sextants, zodiacal and equatorial armillary spheres and a superbly decorated globe. Brahe also £42,500 owned a majestic ‘mural quadrant’ entirely covered with engraved decora- Folio. 54 unnumbered f. Roman letter, little Italic. Finely engraved t-p with portrait of tions. Te second part features illustrations of the architecture and plans of Tycho Brahe dated 1586 within arch surrounded by arms of Danish families, 6 engravings his observatories as well as a map of Hven, the island on which they were and 25 woodcuts (mostly full-page) of astronomical instruments, buildings, maps and built, explaining the topographical rationale underlying their planning. A globes, decorated initials, head- and tailpieces, all pages with single ruled typographical most important, exquisitely illustrated manual of illustrious provenance. border. Intermittent slight browning, small old marginal repair to few ll., minor marginal USTC 2135265; BM STC Ger., p. 143 (1598 ed.); Brunet II, 1200; spotting. A very good copy in contemporary vellum, minor loss towards foot of spine, Houzeau & Lancaster 2703; Honeyman I, 490. Not in Riccardi. F.M. bookplate of Erwin Tomash to front pastedown, early casemarks on fep, contemporary in- de Melo and M. de Meneses, Le naufrage des Portugais sur les coteŝ scriptions by Dom Manuel de Meneses dated 1624, one probably indicating price, on t-p. de Saint-Jean-de-Luz & d’Arcachon (1627), ed. P. Lizé and J.Y. Blot (Paris, 2000); F. Rodrigues, História da Companhia de Jesus na As- Tis copy belonged to the Portuguese astronomer Dom Manuel de Meneses (c.1565-1628), sistenciâ de Portugal (Porto, 1944), III. whose autograph here matches Real Academia de la Historia, ms. 9/237. He attended the Jesuit College in Lisbon studying mathematics and the art of navigation with João Delga- K157 24 25 A LOVELY RENAISSANCE BINDING i8, õ8, u6, A-Zz8, AA-SS8 TT-VV6 (VV6 blank); a-i8 fnish this binding – exclusive of the hundreds of gold dots scat- congruous to fnd such a non classical or Greek work bound in k4. Roman letter, in red and black, text within box rule, in tered ad libitum over the covers. Tis is an average of almost 40 20. BREVIARIUM ROMANUM. the ‘alla greca’ style, but it is by no means unique. Te BL has double column, Kerver’s large woodcut unicorn device on impressions per square inch.” Tere are two comparable copies of two such examples from the same period; an edition of Alberti’s verso of last, woodcut fgues of St Peter and St Paul on ti- large format fanfare bindings, one which is on the same edition of Breviarium Romanum, ex sacra potissimum scriptura, et tle, historiated woodcut initials, seven full page woodcuts, Breviarium Romanum, from the collection of Micheal Wittock, probatis sanctorum historiis nuper confectum.. L’Architecture et art de bien bastir, (Davis 396) bound in a very ornate but similar strap-work design, either by Etienne Gom- bookplate of Maurice Burrus on pastedown. Light age yel- the second on volumes of St. Augustine’s Opera Omnia (see Hob- Lyon, Balthazar Arnoullet & héritiers Jean Barbou; Hu- mar or possibly Claude de Piques, and an edition of St. Augus- lowing, some quires lightly browned, general light spotting a son / Culot). Tese three bindings share the same small tools, gues de La Porte, 1544. tines Confessions (Davis 425). Both these non-classical works bit heavier in places. A very good copy in a magnifcent con- among which is the celebrated and mysterious little tool known temporary French olive morocco gilt fanfare binding, covers as the “coeur empanache'”, traditionally attributed to Clovis Eve. £29,500 were bound at the same period in the same ‘alla greca’ style. Te motto on the covers, roughly translates as “let us not tire bordered with a triple gilt rule, the fanfare design is entirely Te fact that a similar very rich fanfare binding is found on the gilt worked around a central oval Folio. f. [18] 36; 255 [i]. [a4, b8, c6, d-g8, h4 A-Z8, aa- of doing good” is taken from Paul’s letters to the Galatians 6:9. same work suggests that they (overlaid with tan morocco at a -ii8.] Roman letter in red and black, entirely ruled in red. were probably commissioned later date) with a multitude of Woodcut printer’s device on title, foriated and historiat- Tis beautifully printed breviary is an early edition of Cardi- by the same person, or perhaps compartments and half com- ed initials in various sizes, small woodcut of King David nal Quignon’s short lived revised version. Tere had been, in the binder for presentation. partments connected by volutes on d1, fnely engraved C18th bookplate of the “Comte the earlier part of the sixteenth century, attempts to reform Such rich bindings were rare and torsades, with leafy spays Castelbourg” . Light age yellowing, the services of the Church. Tese reforms had the sanction even at the period and as and foral spirals all flled with a title and second leaf a little thumb- of the Papacy, and Clement VII en- Needham points out “It was small tools gilt, including small marked in lower outer corner, occa- trusted the task to the celebrated Car- much more common for fanfare and large roses, hearts (the coeur sional marginal mark or spot. A fne dinal Quignon. His frst revision of bindings to be found on special empanache'), leaves, with a seme' copy, with good margins, in stunning the Breviary was issued between Feb- presentation copies and gifts” or of small tools and pontille' contemporary French black moroc- ruary, 1535, and July, 1536, and in as they were so time consuming tools, the spine is worked in an co fnely worked to an allover gilt these eighteen months went through and expensive to make “A identical fashion, again around strapwork design, covers bordered some ten editions. A second recension fnite library of good books a central oval flled with fan with a double gilt rule, outer sec- was published in July, 1536, and be- could be bound luxuriously and heart tools gilt, edges with tion with a gilt geometric interlacing came immensely popular. Its use was as a cabinet of treasures”. double gilt rules with hatched strapwork border, central oval, alter- prohibited by Paul IV in 1558, af- compartments, all edges gilt, A stunning copy of this beauti- natively gilt and silver gilt lettered terwards permitted again by Pius IV. upper joint expertly restored. fully printed breviary. with the inscription “Bonum Faci- Pius V however renewed the prohibi- tion, and the use of Quignon’s Brev- USTC 172227. Hobson, Les endo ne defatigemur” with small gilt An extraordinary and truly mon- iary died out in the Roman Church. reliures à la fanfare’. Nixon, and silver gilt feurons, surrounded umental fanfare binding of the PML 61. Needham, Twelve with a gilt interlaced strapwork and A stunning copy of this rare breviary highest quality, a masterpiece of centuries 83. scrolled border, large hatched tools in a most beautiful binding. the genre, with tools traditionally gilt above and below, spine fnely attributed to the Royal workshop L2798 USTC 199929. Gultlingen. IX worked in three sections of inter- of Clovis Eve. Its abundant and p.105 13. Baudrier V:19. Adams L laced gilt strapwork, divided by two exceptionally fnely worked deco- 875. Bohatta [Breviaries] 157. scrolled sections with gilt hatched ration represents the culmination tools, raised head and tail bands ‘alla K123 of the development in the design greca’, edges gilt ruled with gilt scrolls, of fanfare bindings. Te style had turn ins with gilt rule, all edges rich- its beginnings around 1565, grad- ly gilt and gaufered to a ornate foral design. Small and BY CLOVIS EVE ually becoming more complex and very expert repair to head-band, upper joint restored. intricate, covering the entire binding with small compartments 21. BREVIARIUM ROMANUM. with torsades, spirals of leafy stems, and branches, the whole Rare edition of this beautifully printed Roman Breviary, in a Breviarium Romanum, ex decreto sacrosancti concilij Triden- worked with a multitude of small tools. It reached its peak around stunning contemporary French ‘alla greca’ binding of the fn- tini restitutum. Pii 5. Pont. Max. iussu editum. Cum insuper 1585 with bindings like this. Needham points out the extraordi- est quality, in a similar style to bindings made by Claude de accessit kalendarium gregorianum perpetuum. nary work involved in making such a binding, describing a very Piques or Gommar Estienne, fnely worked to an allover gilt similar, though slightly smaller fanfare binding; “No area of the strap-work design. Te binding is particularly fne, beautifully Paris, apud Iacobum Keruer, 1583. covers and back is left ungilded. Te compartments are made worked with a very elegant and deceptively simple design. It is £17,500 up of individual small gauges (arced lines) and pallets (straight very similar in style to a binding in the British Library, attrib- lines). An extrapolation from one sector of the cover suggests that uted to Claude de Piques, BL Shelfmark c19b7. It seems in- Folio. 2 vols in one. pp. (lxxvi), 1046, (ii) ; 155, (i). ã8, e8, a total of about 3000 separate tool impressions were required to 26 27 22. CALVIN, Jean. when Charles V and Andrea Doria defeated the Ottomans 23. CALVIN, Jean. Institutio Christianae religionis. in Tunis, and Ferdinand resisted their invasion of Hungary- Foure Sermons of Maister Iohn Calvin, Entreating of Matters Very Poftable for our Time, as may bee seene by the Preface which the binding may be celebrating with images of the victors. Strasbourg, Wendelin I Rihel, 1545. London, for Tomas Man, 1579. [with] Te remarkable provenance of this copy is traceable to the Lower ANDERSON, Anthony. £15,000 Silesian city of Breslau (Wrocław). T e frst owner was Am- Te Shield of our Safetie. Folio. pp. (xliv) 505. Roman letter, side notes in italic, oc- brosius Moibanus (1494-1554), an infuential Lutheran theo- casional Greek. Woodcut printer’s device to t-p, decorated logian who studied at Cracow and Wittenberg, where he met London, by H. Iackson, 1581. Melanchthon. He was pastor at St Elizabeth’s Church in Breslau initials. Light age browning, water stain to lower outer corner £8,500 of last two leaves, one old marginal repair, the odd thumb from 1525, and among the frst to introduce the Reformation into Silesia. Moibanus wrote a Catechism, hymns, and epistles and marginal ink mark, small wax spots to t-p not afecting FIRST EDITION Tus, and FIRST EDITION. Two vols in one. 4to. 1) f. [vi], 59, [i]. [fst]4, 3*2, A-G8, H4 (some to Calvin concerning the reception of the Reformation in text, single wormhole to upper margin of frst few gather- [last blank] 2) 168 unnumbered leaves. A-X4. 1) Roman and Italic letter. Title within line ruled typograph- Hungary and Poland). He strongly believed in the importance of ings, ms title to fore-edge. Very good copy in contempo- ic border, woodcut initials, historiated and foriated woodcut initials. 2) Black letter, some Roman and Italic. women’s education, which he promoted at his parish school. Te rary calf over bevelled wooden boards, lacking clasps, fnely First leaf blank with but for signature. Title within typographic border, white on black criblée initial, typograph- second ex-libris is of his ffth son, Ambrosius (1546-1598). He blind-tooled to a three-panel design, feurons and all’antica ical ornaments, “To. Haughton” in early hand on pastedown, “James Riddocks book 1732” on fy, “Isaac Had- taught theology in Wittenberg, became pastor at St Elizabeth’s, motifs to centre, title above, fgures of Charles V, Ferdinand, ley Broddell 1794” at foot of t-p, bookplate of the Fox Pointe Collection on rear pastedown. Light age yellow- and was in possession of his father’s books by 1569 as stated King of Bohemia, and ‘AN DE AV’ (Andreas de Auria or ing, a little very minor waterstaining on frst few leaves, the rare marginal mark. Fine, large margined copies, on the t-p of an incunabulum now at Harvard. In 1570 the Andrea Doria) to outer panel, spine blind-tooled to com- crisp and clean, entirely unsophisticated, stab bound in original limp vellum, vellum a little creased and soiled. partments, upper joint a bit cracked, slightly defective at younger Ambrosius donated this copy to his brother-in-law, M. head. Extensive C16 Latin marginalia in at least three hands, Salomon Frenzel von Friedenthal (1529-1602), and his sons, First editions of these two very rare Puritan works; fne large copies in their original binding. In 1579, the Elizabethan Puritan, one in red, C19 ex-libris and casemark to front pastedown, including the future humanist Salomon Frencelius. M. Salomon John Fielde, produced an unabridged text based on the original French, Foure Sermons of Maister Iohn Calvin, Entreating of C16 ex-libris ‘Ambrosius Moibanus Possessor M. Sulomo- was appointed pastor of St Elizabeth’s in 1567, and left Breslau Matters Very Proftable for our Time, with a Briefe Exposition of the LXXXVII. Psalme. A unifying theme nevertheless emerg- ni Frenzetio Afni suo, eiusque Filijs ddt per Eptam manu for Brzeg in 1571. Te annotations in this copy refect the in- es from this apparently disparate collection of texts: the need for an open and sincere profession of faith, made wherever possible sua Witeberga Wratislavia scripta Anno 70. 16 Julij’ to t-p. terests of its Protestant readers. It was probably Moibanus the within a church where the gospel is purely preached, the sacraments properly administered, and God duly honoured in prayer. elder who annotated sections rejecting as ‘error et stultitia’ the Central to Calvin’s thought – central, indeed, to the thought of all the major Reformers – is the idea that Christian belief is more Very good, handsomely bound copy of this immensely infuen- doctrines of the Anabaptists, whose persecution he encouraged. than inner acquiescence. It expresses itself audibly in words and visibly in deeds, such that the covert or private practice of one’s tial work by Jean Calvin (1509-1564), Te ‘Institutio’ pre- BM STC Ger. p. 174; VD 16; I. A. 129.782; Wien NB III, faith, the claim that God requires no more than ‘worship in spirit’, is seen to compromise faith itself and to comfort faith’s ene- sented a systematic analysis of Protestant doctrines dissociating mies. Nor can faith exist in isolation. In order to grow, it must be fed by the ministrations of Christ’s church, which consistently C 60. Not in Brunet or Graesse. See P. Konrad, Dr. Ambrosi- the new religious ideas from attacks against established politi- us Moibanus ein Beitrag zur Geschichte (Halle, 1891). fgures in these sermons not as a temporary refuge from a hostile world, but as God’s choice instrument of salvation, an outpost of cal authority launched by the Anabaptists and condemned heaven. .. Te note of urgency which pervades much of the Four Sermons refects the troubled conditions of the time. .. Calvin be- by Francis I, to whom the work is dedicated. In this third, K120 trays little optimism as to the course of future events in Europe.” Robert White “Te translator’s ‘Introduction’ to Faith Unfeigned expanded Latin edition the twenty-one chapters discuss fun- – Four Sermons concerning Matters Most Useful for the Present Time with A Brief Exposition of Psalm 87 by John Calvin.” damental theological questions like the knowledge and under- standing of God’s divine nature, the doctrines of justifcation “Anthony Anderson, (d. 1593), theological writer and preacher, was, according to Tanner, a native of Lancashire, and was for many by faith alone and of predestination—which diferentiated Cal- years rector of Medbourne, in Leicestershire. .. His published works, which are of a puritanic character, consist of sermons, prayers, vin’s thought from Luther’s. His infuential theories inspired, and expositions of scriptural passages.” DNB. “Pilkington did not address the question of ghosts at any length in his writings. But some among others, the religious and political ideas of the French ministers who went into print on the issue clearly did so in response to actual sightings or reports among their parishioners. In a 1581 Huguenots and the Scottish, English, and Irish Presbyterians. treatise on the Nunc Dimitis the puritan minister Anthony Anderson included a long discursus ‘beating down to death this error .. that the soules of the dead depart not so from us, but that after buryall they walke in the earth, and appeare unto men’. His motive for doing Te uncommon, very crisp C16 binding celebrates the pre-emi- so was that even as he composed the work ‘amost slandersous report is raysed of an honest and vertuous minister departed from this nence of the Holy Roman Empire over the Ottomans. It portrays lyfe, that hys soule nowe walketh at this daye in his parsonage house’.” Peter Marshall. Beliefs and the Dead in Reformation England Emperor Charles V, Ferdinand, King of Bohemia, and Andrea Doriahis sole recorded occurrence on a German binding (EBDB 1) ESTC S107288. STC 4439. Lowndes I 352 (1561 edn. only) 2) ESTC S100137. STC 572. Not in Lowndes. r004398). Doria (1466-1560), a most successful admiral of the L2993 Republic of Genoa, was in the service of Charles V from 1528 to ALDINE POETRY the 1550s, fghting the Ottomans and helping him to strengthen 24. CASTIGLIONE, Baldassarre. his hold over Italy. Whilst Haebler traces the unsigned rolls to Saxony (I:369, 4), they belong instead to the ‘HB Binder’ work- Stanze pastorali. shop, active in Breslau in the 1520s-50s and used by the Silesian Venice, haer. Aldo I Manuzio, 1553. Reformer Johann Hess, friend of the early owner of this copy (Haebler I:40). Te costumes refect the fashion of the 1530s, £5,500 28 29 FIRST EDITION. 8vo. f. 112 (viii). Italic letter, little Roman. Woodcut Aldine device to t-p, decorated in- CONTEMPORARY BINDING “Scriptores rei rusti- itials. Slight spotting to a few ll. An exceptionally clean, excellent copy in C18 quarter vellum, gilt-lettered la- cae”, by fve diferent bel to spine, C19 bibliographical information, casemark to front pastedown, armorial bookplate of Baron Landau. 26. CATO, Marcus Porcius, VARRO, Marcus Terenti- printers, in three cit- us, COLUMELLA, Lucius Moderatus, PALLADIUS, ies; three editions by Exceptionally good, clean copy of the frst edition of a pastoral composition written jointly by Baldassarre Castiglione and Cesare Rutilius Taurus. three diferent printers Gonzaga. A commercial enterprise, it features a dedicatory letter by the poet Anton Giacomo Corso explaining how Castiglione in one of them, Reg- and Gonzaga’s ‘Eclogue’ had been preserved in ms. in his own library for a long time and was now being fnally revealed to the Opera Agricolationum. [Scriptores rei rusticae.]. gio Emilia [...] After world— incidentally—together with the second edition of his own ‘rime’, which occupies most of the work. Castiglione (1478- Reggio Emilia, Franciscus de Mazalibus, 1499. that the tradition of 1529) was a courtier, soldier, diplomat and greatly infuential author. His name appears indeed at the top of the t-p of this edi- the four “Scriptores” tion, published a quarter of a century after his death and the publication of ‘Il Cortegiano’—the internationally-acclaimed man- £22,500 was common’ (Sarton, ual for courtiers in the Renaissance. Cesare Gonzaga (1476-1512), cousin of Castiglione, was a soldier at the court of Urbino ‘Hellenistic Science Folio. 244 unnumbered ll., 2a10 a-s8 t-u6 x-z8 &8 >8 Px8 and a poet. Te ‘Eclogue’, attributed almost entirely to Castiglione, is a dialogue between the shepherds Tirsi, Iola and Dameta, and Culture’, 388). A-C8 D6. Roman letter, little Greek, mainly double col- whose ‘pleasures’ in harping for their nymphs come close to ‘martyrdom’. It was his frst vernacular composition inspired by the Tis forilegium of ag- umn. White on red initials with period hand-colouring ‘ottava rima’ of Politian and the tradition of pastoral drama. Originally staged as a play called ‘Tirsi’ at the court of Urbino ricultural works was (gold, green and blue) to a1, decorated white on back initials, in 1506, it remained unpublished until 1553; one ms. copy was owned by Pietro Bembo in Venice, a member of the intellectu- devised for a reader- woodcut printer’s device to recto of last leaf. T-p little dusty, al circle of Domenico Venier to which Corso (f. 1540s) belonged. A beautifully printed testimony to Renaissance court culture. ship interested in the clean tear with no loss to lower margin of aa2, some thumb- classical rustic virtues USTC 819515; Renouard 157:18; Ahmanson-Murphy 450; BM STC It., p. 156; Brunet I, 1631; Fontanini II, 59; Gamba ing, intermittent faint marginal waterstaining, traces of glue of landownership and 1299. J. Cartwright, Baldassarre Castiglione: Te Perfect Courtier, 2 vols(London, 1908), vol. 1. to lower margin of last gathering. A fne well-margined, re- the practical aspects of markably fresh copy, on thick paper, in contemporary quar- L3097 country life, with topics as varied as the best place to set up a PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN ter goatskin over wooden boards, lacking clasps, without beehive, horticulture, remedies for dogs with fees and sick hors- pastedowns, spine quadruple blind tooled to a cross-hatched 25. CASTIGLIONE, Baldassarre. es, ways to scare snakes of stables and regulations for workers. design, raised bands, little worming at foot, small repair at Marcus Porcius Cato (234-149 BC) was a Roman statesman, Il libro del cortegiano. head. ‘Duplum Biblioth. Regiae Monacensis’ inked to inner military ofcer and author. His only complete, extant work, ‘De Venezia, in aedibus haer. Aldo I Manuzio & Andrea I Torresano, 1528. upper board, later illegible autograph inked to fep, ms. ‘Enu- Agri Cultura’ (c.160 BC) is a manual on the management of a meror Bibliothecae M[onas]t[e]rij Cellae B[eatae] Mariae country estate reliant on slaves, with a special interest in the cul- £39,500 [Altzella?] virginis prenberg et worth’ to t-p, three stamps tivation of vines. A prolifc writer patronised by Augustus, Mar- of the Royal Library, Munich, (one ‘duplum’) to verso of t-p. FIRST EDITION. Folio. 122 unnumbered f., *4 a-o8 p6. Woodcut Aldine device to t-p and verso of last (this with a little cus Terentius Varro (116-107BC) based his ‘Rerum rusticarum period colouring). T-p a little soiled at lower outer corner, a few thumb marks to frst ll., small oil stain to upper margin of e-k4, Nicely bound, well-margined, outstandingly fresh copy of the last libri tres’ on his direct experience of farming. He notably warns single small worm hole from i2, a second to fnal ll. A remarkably clean, crisp, fresh copy, on thick paper, in C17 sprinkled calf, edition of ‘De re rustica’ published in the C15. It was the ffth his readers to avoid marshlands, where ‘animalia minuta’ that raised bands, spine in six gilt ruled compartments, large gilt feuron and cornerpieces to each, repair to surface of joints and issued in northern Italy. ‘Tis is a good example of the rivalry cannot be seen by the human eye may be breathed in or swal- corners. Bookplate of T. Kimball Brooker to front pastedown and stamp to fep, early number inked to upper margin of t-p. between the prototypographers, fve Italian incunabula of the lowed and cause illnesses. A soldier and farmer, Lucius Mod- eratus Columella (4-70AD) is best known Remarkably fresh, crisp and clean copy, on thick paper, of the frst edition of a work which shaped and changed the culture of the Euro- for his ‘Res rustica’—in this edition with a pean upper classes in the Renaissance. Tis edition is the ‘frst and most sought after’ (Brunet I, 1628), ‘handsome and rare’ (Renouard commentary by Pomponius Laetus—which 105:3). Of noble origins, Baldassarre Castiglione (1478-1529) studied ‘literae humaniores’ at Milan and was at the service of the deals with a wealth of activities including the Sforza and Gonzaga before moving to the court of the Duke of Urbino. He spent the last few years of his life as Apostolic nuncio in Spain, cultivation of vines and olives, the farming where he died of the plague in 1529. It was the year before his death that the frst edition of ‘Il libro del Cortegiano’ appeared in print; and treatment of animals, and the manage- its success was foreseen by Aldus who obtained a 10-year monopoly. Te work celebrates the characteristics of the ideal aristocrat and ment of workers. Inspired by Columella and ‘has remained the perfect defnition of a gentleman ever since’ (PMM 59). It was inspired by Castiglione’s time at Urbino and his social much admired in the medieval period, Pal- interaction with infuential personalities including courtiers, aristocrats and literati, by then mostly deceased. It was thus intended also ladius’s (C4-5AD) ‘Opus agriculturae’ (or as a celebration of their achievements since, as Castiglione said in the preface, the ‘loss of so many friends’ had left him in a ‘painful sol- ‘De re rustica’) provides an account of the itude’. In this dialogue, refned courtiers discuss the virtues (e.g., honesty, magnanimity and good manners) and social skills (e.g., foreign typical monthly activities of a Roman farm, language profciency, dancing and fencing) a perfect courtier should have, often inspired by exempla from classical antiquity, as well as and mentions the utility of building mills the ‘sprezzatura’—a fundamental nonchalance or ‘carelessness’ guiding his every action. Te resulting idea of ‘self-fashioning’, or the over abundant waterways to grind wheat. crafting of a public persona following received standards, infuenced, thanks to numerous translations, the behaviour of the European A handsome copy of this classic work of ear- aristocracy for decades, especially in England where C16 literature and drama were imbued with the Italian ideals of the ‘cortegiano’. ly Renaissance printing—a ‘better revised USTC 819485; BM STC It., p. 156; Brunet I, 1628: ‘la première et la plus recherchée’; Renouard 105:3: ‘belle et rare’; Ah- and designed’ edition prepared, in Beroal- manson-Murphy 252; PMM 59. dus’s words, to ‘seduce’.

L3070 ISTC is00350000; Brunet V, 245; BM 30 31 STC It., p. 160 (not this ed); Bitting (1533 ed.); Vicaire (1472 ed.). Not in Simon or Oberlé. G. Sarton, Hellenistic famously, roasted alive inside a brass ox). Te paintings and prints acted as ‘a visual counterpart to the recitations of the Litany of the Science and Culture in the Last Three Centuries B.C. (Cambridge, MA, 1959). Saints, readings of saints’ lives, and the Roman Martyrology, providing Jesuit novices with appropriate Christian “exempla”’—a de-

K170 votional practice, that of the veneration of martyrs, which followed the doctrine of the Council of Trent (Noreen, ‘Jesuit Iconography’, 697). Te owner of this copy was probably a Jesuit at the German- Hungarian College. Established in 1580, the German-Hungarian College hosted Jesuit novices in training for missions to Protestant northern Europe. He annotated plate 30, on African martyrs, with STUNNING PERIOD COLOURING the names ‘Afra et Dafrosa’, two important saints. In particular, Afra, whose legend in the ‘Martyrologium Hieronymianum’ brought 27. CAVALIERI, Giovanni Battista, [CIRCIGNANI, Niccolò]. together the story of a repented German prostitute and the life of a martyr of Antioch, was patron saint of Augsburg and much ven- Ecclesiae militantis triumphi. erated in Germany. A superb, powerfully coloured example of Counter-Reformation book illustration; coloured examples are rare. Rome, ex ofcina Bartholomaei Grassi, 1585. BM STC It., p. 185 (1583 ed.); Mortimer, Harvard It., 125 (1584 ed.): Mortimer counts four states of the t-p of the two Grassi issues, this corresponding to the fourth; Brunet I, 1697; Adams AC2037. K. Noreen, ‘Ecclesiae militantis triumphi: £7,500 Jesuit Iconography and the Counter-Reformation’, Sixteenth Century Journal 29 (1998), 689-715.

Small folio. Engraved architectural t-p with allegorical fe- in Roman antiquities and the history of the Church, and the L2649 male fgures holding crown, 31 handsome full-page engrav- painter Niccolo' Circignani (1530-97), famously responsible for ings (with shorts captions above and below), all in striking the outstanding frescoes depicting the martyrs of the primitive 28. CERVANTES, Miguel de. period colouring, heightened in gold. A little paint abrasion church in the Basilica di Santo Stefano Rotondo al Celio, the forth, and they are growing up in the arms of the press.” “Te to foot of t-p, light seat of the Jesuit Ger- Les Nouvelles... En françois par F. de Rosset et le Sr d’Audigui- Exemplary Novels of Cervantes” Translated by Walter K. Kelly. water stains, most- man-Hungarian Col- er. Avec l’histoire de Ruis Dias et de Quixaire...par le Sr de “Cervantes’s infuence on seventeenth-century European prose ly to outer mar- lege in Rome, for the Bellan. fction was unique and exemplary. His writing was a catalyst, gins, worm trail to novices of which this Paris, chez Nicholas et Jean de La Coste, 1633. perhaps even paradigmatic, in the formation of the republic of outer and upper work was intended. letters itself. After publication, his stories were taken up, both margin afecting ‘Ecclesiae militantis £6,500 within and beyond Spain, with unprecedented rapidity for works text but not images triumphi’ turned Cir- of vernacular prose fction. In his homeland, at least twenty adap- on several plates, 8vo. pp. (viii) 695. Roman letter, some Italic. Woodcut in- cignani’s works into tations of his works appeared before 1680, including adaptations various traces of itials head and tail-pieces, typographical ornaments. Age an easily accessible of two of the stories from the Novelas ejemplares (1613) by his repair, water stains yellowing, some minor spotting in places, the odd mar- collection of plates rival Lope de Vega, as plots for his plays La ilustre fregona (Parte and thumb soiling, ginal stain or mark, small worm trail at gutter of a few that could be used for XXIV, 1641) and El mayor imposible (Parte XXV, 1647, based mainly margin- quires, just touching a few letters. A good, unsophisti- meditation, present- on El celoso extremeño). A French translation of the Novelas al. An extensively cated copy in contemporary speckled calf, spine with gilt ing an image of sor- ejemplares came out within a year of its publication in Spain, and used copy in C19 ruled raised bands, red morocco label gilt lettered, a.e.r. row accompanied by there were a further eight editions of this translation before 1700. quarter calf over allegorical mottos or Rare fourth edition of this most infuential and popular frst Te popularity of Cervantine material in France can be gauged marbled boards, biblical quotes, and translation into French of the ‘Exemplary Novels’ by Cervantes, equally from there being no fewer than twenty-three stage adapta- spine gilt, brief ms. a few explanatory with the dedication replaced with an interesting letter to the read- tions of his work during the same period. In England, the case of addition to pl. 30. lines contextualising er in which it is claimed that the work, in this edition, has been John Fletcher typifes how rich a vein writers found in Cervantes’s the image in history, corrected by “quel que homme qui en fust capable”, as previous prose: roughly a quarter of Fletcher’s extant output of just over Scarce second edi- using the reigns of editions were so full of errors, almost to make the work nonsen- ffty plays was based on Cervantine prose originals, mostly the tion of this major Roman Emperors as sical. Tese novels by Cervantes, alone would have given the Novelas ejemplares.” Alexander Samson “Maybe Exemplary? collection of engrav- reference points. Te author the foremost place among Spanish novelists; the twelve James Mabbe’s Translation of the ‘Exemplarie Novells’ (1640)”. ings portraying the cycle begins with the tales in the volume, contain some of the writer’s best work. It is Cervantes’ works were particularly infuential in France in the sufering of ancient uttermost martyr- in the ‘Novelas exemplares’ that the chivalric tale of the Mid- 1630’s despite the war between the two nations. “Troughout the martyrs—most un- dom—Christ’s cruci- dle Ages is transformed into the modern novel, and the whole 1630s, Parisian stages hosted an adaptation of the romancero usually in striking fxion —and contin- concept, manner of composition and style was Cervantes’ inven- del Cid and two invented sequels to it, plus several plays based on period colouring, ues with Sts Stephen, tion. Cervantes claimed in his foreword to have been the frst works by Lope de Vega and on Cervantes’s Novelas ejemplares heightened in gold. Paul, Tecla, Domit- to write novelas in the Spanish language: “My genius and my and Don Quixote. Tis chronological coincidence of France’s It was the product illa and dozens of inclination prompt me to this kind of writing; the more so as theatrical Hispanophilia and outright war with Spain indicates of the indirect col- others, all portrayed I consider (and with truth) that I am the frst who has written the complexity of the cultural relationship between the two coun- laboration between according to their f- novels in the Spanish language, though many have hitherto ap- tries in these years.” Ellen R. Welch ‘Cervantes and the Domes- Giovanni Battista nal trial (beheading, peared among us, all of them translated from foreign authors. tication of Romance in Seventeenth-Century French Teater.’ Cavalieri (1525 burning, torn apart But these are my own, neither imitated nor stolen from any- -1601), an en- by lions, and, most Vital d’ Audiguier was a novelist and poet who also translat- graver specialised one; my genius has engendered them, my pen has brought them 32 33 ed “Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda” and other works cat en Parlement,” was quite a familiar fgure at the French by Lope De Vega. His translations were extremely popular court during the frst couple of decades of the 17th century. and infuential, were at the heart of a revival of the novel in France and were also translated into English. “His versions of Tough known today only to specialists in French litera- Cervantes’s Tales (Novelas, 1618) were included by the French ture of the period, a count of the editions of his works during Academy among the best specimens of French writing. He was his lifetime — well over forty— attests to his popularity as a assassinated about 1625, or according to some authorities in dabbler in poetry, the theater, a writer of lurid tales, and as a 1630” Joseph Tomas “Te Universal Dictionary of Biogra- translator.” Anthony Lo Ré. “More on the Sadness of Don phy and Mythology.” Francois de Rosset was equally infuen- Quixote: Te First Known Quixote Illustration, Paris, 1618” tial as was also the translator of the frst French edition of the Rius. I 888. Palau y Dulcet 53523. Not in BM STC Fr. C17, second part of Don Quijote. “François de Rosset (1570?-1619) Brunet or Graesse. —our frst translator of Part II— “docteur es droits et advo- L2761

29. CHOIRBOOK. Choirbook, in Latin, illuminated manuscript on vellum. [Italy, (probably Florence), thirteenth or early fourteenth century].

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Folio. 320 x 240 mm. 40 leaves (plus a paper endleaf at front and back), wanting single leaves through- out and at end, collation: i9 (wants ix), ii7 (wants xii, xiv-xv), iii-iv10, v4 (last two leaves cut away), single column of 6 lines of text with music on a 4-line red stave (rastrum: 21 mm.), paragraph marks RARE – EX BIBLIOTHECA ALDINA cellence, they were either attributed to Aldus and his heirs or in blue, red rubrics, reading numbers and original folio numbers in roman numerals in blue and red in mistaken for counterfeits even by notable bibliographers until margins, initials in red or blue with ornate scrolling penwork, the largest of these in variegated red and 30. CICERO, Marcus Tullius, [LAMBIN, Denis.]. the mid-C19 (Bernoni, ‘Dei Torresani’, 128). One of the most blue and containing sections of densely packed red and blue penwork, single large initial ‘R’ in blue, red, Rhetoricorum ad C. Herennium libri IIII (with) De Oratore infuential fgures of classical antiquity, Marcus Tullius Cicero green and pink acanthus leaves bound together by coloured and burnished gold bands, all on burnished libri III... Cum annotationibus Dionysii Lambini. (106-43BC) put his legal skills to the service of politics with gold grounds, acanthus leaf fronds extending into two margins enclosing gold fruit and a roundel with a personal device (ap- Venice, ex Bibliotheca Aldina, 1569. speeches which became landmarks of forensic oratory. Defned parently one of the nails from Christ’s Cross in red and silver on black grounds), some small seventeenth- or eighteenth-cen- by Quintilian as ‘eloquence itself’, his copious prose production tury marginal additions, cracking to paint of initial in places and small losses, edges of leaves slightly scufed and thumbed £3,250 occupied a fundamental place in medieval syllabi. Subsequent with some small losses to ink in places, lower corners repaired in places, damage worse to cockled leaves at back, tooled with to the rediscovery of further texts, including the letters, by schol- foral rollstamps over early perhaps original sixteenth century leather wooden boards, four brass bosses on each board, tears 8vo. 2 works in 1 vol., each in 2 parts with separate t-p. ars like Petrarch, Cicero contributed to forging the Latin style to surface of leather and tears and repairs to spine, front board slightly detached from book-block at head inside front board. f. (xxiv) 184, 38 (ii); 240, 48. Italic letter, little Roman. of the Renaissance and its ideas on political theory (e.g., Repub- Woodcut Aldine device to all four t-ps, penultimate of licanism), rhetoric (e.g., the principles of argument, eloquence Tis is a single volume from a series of choirbooks, containing the relevant parts of the ofce from the First Sunday in Advent to the frst work and last of second. Light waterstaining to up- and invention) and philosophy (e.g., Stoicism). Te frst work Feast of St. Aegidius (1 September), followed by readings for the consecration of a church. per and outer margin of frst and last few ll., intermittent in this sammelband includes his greatly infuential ‘ad Herenni- slight marginal foxing or toning, lower outer blank cor- um’, by then presented as probably spurious (‘incerto auctore’), Provenance: ner of P3 torn. A good copy in slightly later vellum, su- as well as ‘De inventione’ and ‘Topica’ (how to construct argu- perimposed on original vellum, traces of ties, title inked Te probable origin of the illumination in Florence, as well as the apparent depiction of the Holy Nail in the roundel above ments in structure and content), and ‘De partitione oratoria’ to spine, small loss to lower cover, C19 bookplate of John the principal illuminated initial, suggests this choirbook was produced for use in the Duomo there. Since the Middle Ages, the on oratory techniques. Te second work begins with ‘De or- Wyndham Bruce to front pastedown, inscription ‘Ad usum Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence, was one of three sites to claim ownership of one of the three nails of the Cru- atore’, an immensely infuential analysis of how a good orator D. Mauri Archinti’ to recto and casemark to verso of fep. cifxion (the others being Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, and the Cathedral of Saint Peter, Trier; but note that such claims should construct persuasive arguments which should however must be taken with a pinch of salt, as records exist of some thirty institutions who claimed to own Holy Nails or substan- Very good copy of two Aldine editions, intended as companion be driven by sound ethical principles. Tere follow ‘Orator’, a tial parts of them). Cosimo Minerbetti, archdeacon of the Duomo in the opening years of the seventeenth century described it volumes, of Cicero’s rhetorical works, here issued for the frst time description of the perfect orator integrating observations in pre- in detail, alongside a thorn form the Crown of Torns, the thumb of St. John the Baptist, the elbow of St. Andrew the Apos- with a commentary by the humanist Denis Lambin. Despite the vious works, and ‘De claris oratoribus’, a history of eloquence tle and entire corpses of SS. Zanobius and Podius. Tere the relic was housed in a reliquary on an altar commissioned by the imprimatur ‘Ex Bibliotheca Aldina’, these works were printed through individual fgures including Pericles and Solon. Denis Medici family. Members of this paramount Renaissance family from Lorenzo di’ Medici (reigned 1449-92) onwards, as by the Torresani, heirs to Andrea, Aldus’s ‘socerus’ and associ- Lambin’s commentaries—to ‘Rhetorica’ and to the frst book of well as the numerous artists and intellectuals they patronised such as Botticelli and the puritanical preacher Savonarola, must ate; these were also their frst Ciceronian editions. Te Torresani ‘De oratore’—appended to each part bear a separate t-p, pagi- have gazed upon the relic and perhaps this volume among others, during their procession around the cathedral during Masses. editions have been praised as ‘handsome, almost all rare, and... nation and collation, but were not intended for separate publi- L2543a kept in much esteem’ (Renouard, ‘Notice’, 72). Due to their ex- cation. Lambin (1520-72) was a French humanist who taught Latin and Greek at the Collège de France. He was praised for 34 35 his philological precision but also criticised for being ‘too concerned with trivialities of language at the expense not only of phil- ferred them onto woodblocks in Venice. Scholars have suggested that, in order to portray classical monuments, ruins and epigraphic osophical issues but also of practical matters of politics and individual conduct’ (Salmon, ‘Renaissance and Revolt’, 50). inscriptions so vividly and in detail, the illustrator had access to drawings of ancient monuments discovered in Rome, some clearly re- prised by the woodcuts; their appearance has allowed to date the illustrations to the years 1470-95 (Huelsen, ‘Le illustrazioni’, 175-76). I) Renouard 207:13; BM STC It., p. 176; Ahmanson-Murphy 579. Not in Brunet. II) Renouard 207:14; BM STC It., p. 176; Ahmanson-Murphy 580. Not in Brunet. Adams C1689, both works, one complete copy only. Renouard 133:14; BM STC It., p. 430; Mortimer, Harvard C16 It., 131; Brunet IV, 778: ‘assez recherchée’; Sander I, 2057; Essling II/2, 465. C. Huelsen, ‘Le illustrazioni della Hypnerotomachia Polifli e le antichita' di Roma’, La biblioflia 12 (1910), L3159 161-76; M.L. Gibbs, ‘Aldus Manutius as Printer of Illustrated Books’, Princeton University Library Chronicle 37 (1976), THE ALDINE EPITOME OF THE ITALIAN RE- published ‘in aedibus Aldi’ at the expense of the Veronese law- 109-16; L. Lefaivre, Leon Battista Alberti’s ‘Hypnerotomachia’ (Cambridge, Mass., 1997). NAISSANCE yer Leonardo Crasso, and dedicated to the Duke of Urbino. Te L3135 31. [COLONNA, Francesco]. plot—Poliphilo’s quest for his love, Polia, through a dream- like world, narrated in the frst person—is framed within La hypnerotomachia di Poliphilo. a complex setting based on classical allegory, emblems and Venezia, in casa haer. Aldo I Manuzio, 1545. Egyptian hieroglyphs. Te language is an unusual Latinate Italian suspended between scholarship and engaging narra- £65,000 tive, which contributes to the unsettling nature of the work. It begins with Poliphilo’s walk into a Dantesque ‘dark Folio. 234 unnumbered ll., a-y8 z10 A-E8 F4. Roman wood’ infested by snakes and wolves, and it follows him letter, little Greek or Hebrew. Woodcut Aldine device through allegorical landscapes with enormous pyramids to t-p and recto of last, 170 full-, 1⁄2- or 1⁄4-page wood- surmounted by statues, obelisks sitting on the back of el- cuts of epigraphic inscriptions, hieroglyphs, scenes ephants, pedestals with ancient inscriptions or sculpted with classical deities, urns and emblems (one partial- scenes—all handsomely depicted in the accompanying al- ly hand-coloured). Couple of marginal ink splashes legorical woodcuts. What makes the ‘Hypnerotomachia’ to t-p, and to a letter of a6, another to few edges of unique is the ‘overall composition of text and image into last couple of ll., slight marginal foxing to frst gath- a harmonious whole, which allows the eye to slip back ering, light yellowing in two gatherings. An excellent, and forth between textual description and corresponding wide-margined copy in C17 polished calf, marbled eps visual representation...It is the frst experimental mon- and fore-edges, triple gilt ruled, gilt feurons to corners, tage of fragments of prose, typography, epigrams, and raised bands, spine double gilt ruled to seven compart- pictures...an extraordinary visual-typographical-textual ments, large gilt feuron and cornerpieces to each, gilt- “assemblage” of a type not repeated until the avant-garde lettered morocco label, ancient repair to joints and books of the 1920s and 1930s’ (Lefaivre, ‘Leon Batti- extremities, edges scufed, ‘1798’ to verso of frst fep. sta Alberti’s “Hypnerotomachia”, 17) . It was also the Excellent, wide-margined copy of the second edition of the frst published books where the illustrations consistently, symbol of the Italian Renaissance, originally published by appeared on the same page as the text they illustrated. Aldus in 1499. Rated as ‘the most beautiful book of the Its woodcuts, of outstandingly fresh impression in this ffteenth century’ (Mortimer, ‘Harvard C16 It.’, 131), it copy, changed the history of Western book illustration is also one of Aldus’s only seven illustrated books (Gibbs, and art, infuencing the likes of Titian and the Car- ‘Aldus’, 109). Te second edition is ‘rarer than the racci as well as the C16 French school original’ and a ‘reprint, page by page, after the work’s translation in 1546. line by line’ except for the t-p, the Scholars have suggested that they type used for the Greek and the were not designed in Al- initials, and fve illustrations dus’s workshop, but which were recut (Sander I, were already present 2057). Tis majestic work, in the ms. that reached both in conception and him; their authorship has production, has been been linked even attributed to Francesco to Mantegna and Colonna (1433-1527), Alberti; certain- an Italian Dominican, though his ly to a northern name is not cited on the t-p. He Italian artist. An was 66 when the work was fnally anonymous cutter trans- 36 37 RUSSIA AND THE MIDDLE EAST commercial emporium of the Serenissima near the Sea of Azov. justice system as ‘pure and uncorrupted’ (sig. A2v). However, city. Te relationship between Shylock, the Jewish moneylender 32. [CONTARINI, Ambrogio, et al.]. His accounts told of travels in Crimea, the lower Volga and Dne- Lewkenor also notes the ‘monstrously strange’ geography of this and the Christians of Venice is not defned by ‘humanitie’. Te pr, Constantinople, Trebisond, down to Tifis, as well as Persia. ‘glorious’ city. It is seated ‘in the middle of the sea’ with its ‘pal- trial in Act 4, Scene 1 also raises questions about the Venetian Viaggi fatti da Vinetia, alla Tana, in Persia, in India, et in Ambrogio Contarini (1429-99) wrote his narratives as a com- laces, monasteries, temples’ founded on marshy ‘Quagmires’ (sig. reputation for exemplary legal justice. Kenneth Muir has argued Costantinopoli. plement to those of Barbaro, whom he met in Persia, after travel- A3r). Lewkenor says many young travellers are particularly im- that Shakespeare must have consulted Lewkenor’s book when he Venice, [nelle case haer. Aldo I Manuzio], 1543. ling through Eastern Europe, Russia, the Tartar desert, Crimea pressed by the Venetians’ ‘humanitie towards strangers’ (A1v). was writing Othello – another play exploring the complex role and Caucasia. As ambassador, he told not only of adventurous He describes the ‘unmeasurable quantity’ of merchandise com- of a ‘stranger’ in Venice. Muir highlights Lewkenor’s pleasure in £6,750 passages and exchanges with peoples like the Tartars, but also ing from ‘all realms and countries’, but he is also struck by its hearing travellers’ tales of ‘paineful inconveniences’ (sig. A1v). meetings with important fgures like the Persian king Usuncas- multinational mixture of people. Te ‘wonderful concourse of He sees parallels in the way Desdemona listens ‘with a greedy FIRST EDITION. 8vo. 7 parts in 1, f. 180. Italic letter, san and the Grand Duke of Muscovy. Little is known of Aloigi strange and forraine people ... of the farthest and remotest na- ear’ to the painful ‘story of [Othello’s] life’ (1.3.149; 129).” BL. little Roman. Aldus device to t-p and recto of last. Light di Giovanni (f. early C16) who, after reaching Egypt on board tions’ makes Venice a ‘generall market to the whole world’ (p. marginal oil stain to few ll., occasional very minor marginal of the Bernarda, travelled through Ethiopia, Arabia and Persia 1).” BL. Shakespeare is most likely to have read this work and its A fne copy of this rare work. spotting or thumbing, tiny worm trail at gutter of last two ll., to India in 1529, which, together with Turkey, is also the subject infuence is felt in two of his major works ‘Te Merchant of Ven- last loosening but sound. A very good copy in C19 vellum ESTC S108619. STC 5642 of the anonymous narratives. Engagingly written, these accounts ice and ‘Othello’ “In Te Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare seems over boards, yapp edges, marbled eps, triple gilt ruled, raised included descriptions of the culture and rites of local peoples, of to confront and complicate this idea of a tolerant, cosmopolitan L2996 bands, spine in fve double gilt ruled compartments with gilt expeditions—such as that of Barbaro with 120 men to dig up large feurons and lettering, a.e.r., minor loss to upper edge. an alleged treasure in Transcaucasia—mercantile adventures in- 34. DE BRY, Johann Teodor. sance Alphabet Book by De Bry, in majuscule letters, featuring C19 bookplate of Conte Arese Lucini to front pastedown. volving fne gemstones and the sight of the 50,000 richly harnessed Nova Alphati, efctio historiis ad singulae literes corresponden- both decorative elements – fowers, fruits, animals, putti – and biblical and mythological fgures. “Elles représentent un grand Very good copy of the frst Aldine and frst collected edition of horses of King Sophi, so tall Aloigi di Giovanni could not reach tibus artifciose in aes incisis illustrata.... Alphabet majuscule dont les lettres sont formées par découpures seven C15 and C16 Venetian travel narratives to the East, with their back by stretching his hand as far as it would go. A delightful Cologne, Johan Buxenmacher, 1613. mouvementées ornées de fgures de trophées, d’oiseaux, de feurs a preface by Antonio Manuzio. ‘Tis volume of 1543 is rare... epitome of the adventurous spirit of the Renaissance Serenissima. et de fruits” (Guilmard, Les Maîtres Ornemanistes, p. 368). Te and it is much more difcult to fnd fne copies of this than the £19,500 Renouard 128:8; Brunet V, 1166; Cordier, Bib. Sin., 2052; letters are covered in elaborate decoration of both Biblical and second edition of 1545’ (Renouard 128:8). Te work contains Gollner 822. Not in BM STC It. Classical fgures, musical instruments, cherubs, nymphs, insects, accounts written by Giosafat Barbaro, Ambrogio Contarini, Folio. 25 unnumbered leaves. Full page engraved title, and fruits, birds, fsh, lobsters, and fowers. Te wonderful mixture Aloigi di Giovanni and anonymous authors. Barbaro (1413- L3064 24 full page engraved plates, all with elaborate grotesque, of the use of grotesque imagery 94) was a merchant based for sixteen years at the Tana, a major mannerist ornamentation, engraved quatrain in Latin and classical and symbolic im- with German translation be- agery is extremely inventive, 33. CONTARINI, Gasparo. which may have inspired ‘Della Repubblica et magistrati di low each design, early man- and most fnely and delicate- Venetia’, composed in the years 1520s-1530s. Contarini’s infu- Te commonvvealth and gouernment of Venice. uscript inscription crossed ly executed making this work ential work is a thorough description of the government of Ven- out in lower margin of title, one of the greatest ornamental London, Iohn Windet for Edmund Mattes, 1599. ice celebrating the perfection of its Republican institutions (the book-label on pastedown alphabet books ever created. Doge, Senate, tribunals and magistracies) in the age of absolute £9,750 with monogram DC. Very monarchies, but also suggesting changes to improve them. Its light age yellowing, lower “In an alphabet book published FIRST EDITION thus. 4to. pp. [xvi], 201, [vi], 206- readers should ‘marvel’ at the location, origins and functioning margin of t-p slightly soiled, in 1595, de Bry shows quite lit- 230: [feuron]4 A-2G4. Roman letter, some Italic. Gro- of Venice, ‘the common market of the world’, where political ideal tear expertly restored in erally how the letter functions tesque woodcut on title, foriated woodcut initials, gro- and reality meet to create an exemplary State run by the patri- lower margin of plate “A”, as humanity’s chief means of tesque woodcut head and tail-pieces, typographical ciate. ‘Della Repubblica’ was frst published in Latin in 1543 the rare marginal mark or support in a fallen world. Te ornaments, “Hen. Stevens 1727” with price on verso of and quickly translated into French (1544) and Italian (1545). stain. A fne copy with good Nova Alphati efctio (Newly title, bookplate of the Fox Pointe Collection on paste- fashioned Alphabet) consists of “Te Commonwealth and Government of Venice played a piv- margins and excellent rich down. Light age yellowing, the very rare marginal stain. twenty-four letters designed by otal role in conveying the myth of 16th-century Venice to an impressions of the plates A fne copy, crisp and clean, on good thick paper, stab Bry and engraved by his son, English audience. First written in Latin by Cardinal Gaspa- in crimson morocco by bound in its original polished limp vellum, a little soiled. Johann Teodore de Bry. In ro Contarini, it was translated into English in 1599 by Lewis Lobestein-Laurenchet, cov- the initial engraving, the frst Lewkenor. With a string of hyperboles, the book idealises the ers bordered with a triple gilt First edition of Lewis Lewkenor’s important translation of Con- letter of the alphabet is linked city as a perfect example of justice, tolerance, trade and imperial rule, spine with raised bands tarini’s major work, a source text for William Shakespeare. A directly to the Fall. Adam and power. .. In his letter ‘To the Reader’, Lewkenor describes how richly gilt in compartments, Venetian patrician educated at Padua, Gasparo Contarini Eve have, so to speak, fallen travellers talk of Venice as the thing ‘most infnitely remarka- inner dentelles gilt, a.e.g. (1483-1542) was ambassador for Charles V and later appoint- upon the extended arms of ed Cardinal by Pope Paul III. Among the numerous personal- ble, that they had seen in the whole course of their travels’ (sig. A beautiful copy of the second the letter itself, which is in- ities he met whilst accompanying the Emperor around Europe A1v–A2r). Some people celebrate ‘the greatnes of their Em- edition of this remarkable, cel- tertwined with the branches was Tomas More. It is More’s ‘Utopia’, frst published in 1516, pire’ and their ‘zeale in religion’ (sig. A2r). Others praise the ebrated and very rare Renais- of the tree of knowledge and 38 39 the snaky limbs of Satan, who assumes the form of a female serpent resting on the top of the A. According to the accompanying solid geometry and their use in the calculation of area and volume—particularly gauging.” Tomash & Williams verses, Adam tasted from the forbidden tree and as a result “the letter now guides the soul” (litteraque aetheriae nuncia mentis habet). .. De Bry’s A is not to be taken too literally, however: few Renaissance speculators on the history of letters actually locat- Te Pantometria provides a complete course in practical geometry, from the fundamentals (“A Line is a length without breadth or ed their origins with Adam and Eve. Tere were in fact many diferent stories at the time both biblical and secular, as to where thicknesse”) to the most complex theorems. Digges provides numerous examples throughout, taking the reader through the steps of each and when the writing of letters began.” Michael Gaudio ‘Engraving the Savage: Te New World and Techniques of Civilization.’. calculation. Te work concludes with the frst appearance of Digges’ work on ballistics, a new addition to the present edition. “He was able, on the basis of his own and his father’s experiments, to disprove many commonly held erroneous ideas in ballistics but was not Tis second German edition is exceptionally rare. Worldcat locates three copies only; Two in Europe at the Würt- able to develop a mathematical theory of his own. Tese appendixes constitute the frst serious ballistics studies in England” (DSB). tembergische Landesbibliothek in Stuttgart, and the National Art library at the V&A, and one at Harvard. A very fne copy of this most important work. A beautiful copy, with superb impressions of the plates. ESTC S107357. STC 6859; Cockle 16. Spaulding and Karpinski 49. DSB IV, 97 (attributing the Pantometria to Leonard Berlin Katalog 5282. Hollstein, Dutch and Flemish, IV, p. 37, nos. 171-95 (1595 ed.) Digges). Tomash & Williams D54 [Tis copy]. Te Geometry of War 45.

K125 K158

35. DIGGES, Leonard [DIGGES, Tomas]. the fve Platonicall solides... and the frst treatment of the science A Geometrical practical treatize named Pantometria, diuided of ballistics in English. Also added to Book I is a short chapter into three bookes, longimetra, planimetra, and stereometria. (three leaves) on surveying in mines. Leonard Digges published a small book on practical surveying in 1556, but this more am- London, printed by Abell Iefes, 1591. bitious work was still in manuscript when he died. Tomas, his £50,000 son, further extended the work and had it published. Te early material is essentially that Folio. pp. [viii], 152, 151- to be found in the works of 195, [iii]. [A]4 B-2C4. such authors as Gemma Roman, Italic and Black Frisius and Peter Apian letter. Decorative wood- (quadrants, astrolabes cut initials and head- and with shadow scales, etc.). tail-pieces throughout. However this book, and Fine woodcut mathemat- his earlier work Tectoni- ical and topographical di- con, are the frst descrip- agrams and illustrations, tions of the application of including to t-p, depict- these instruments written ing the use of geometri- in English. All of the ear- cal instruments and the ly instruments rely on the process of land-survey- use of right-angle trian- ing. Large woodcut arms of Sir Nicholas Bacon (the dedi- gles in establishing a survey. Digges deals with a diferent type catee, father of Sir Francis Bacon) to verso of t-p, uniden- of survey instrument in a later part of this volume. Tis is the tifed arms to verso of Cc3, book- labels of Erwin Tomash frst description and illustration of the theodolite–the name being and Harrison D. Horblit on pastedown. A particularly fne coined by Digges in this work. Tis device consisted of a table THE ATHOLL – LINDSAY COPY copy, absolutely crisp and clean, with good margins (some with an angle- sighting device mounted above it. .... Another in- 36. DIONYSIUS, Halicarnassensis. deckle edges), in contemporary limp vellum, remains of ties. triguing feature of this work is that Digges, in Chapter 21 of the frst book, discusses the use of various optical devices and claims Antiquitatum siue originum Romanarum libri 10. Sigismundo Gelenio interprete. Second and best edition of Tomas Digges’ fundamental math- that: ... “ye may by applycation of glasses in due proportion cause Basel, per Hier. Frobenium et Nic. Episcopium, 1549. ematical work, revised and expanded from the edition of 1571, any peculiare house, or roume thereof dilate and shew it selfe in and the frst description of many important theories and tech- as ample fourme as the whole towne frste appeared, so that ye £10,000 niques in English. Digges (1546-1595) was the son of the mathe- shall descerne any trife, or read any letter lying there open”... matician and surveyor Leonard Digges (1520-1559), inventor of Digges senior had obviously been experimenting with a magni- Folio. pp. (48), 518, (34). 2A4, 2B-2C6, 2D8,a-z6, A-T6, V8, 2A-B8. Roman letter. Froben’s large woodcut device on title, the theodolite and perhaps also of the telescope. Tomas produced fying lens, and it seems very likely that he invented the telescope a smaller version on verso of last, very fne white on black historiated initials. Autograph in contemporary hand of “Rober- revised or augmented editions of several of his father’s works. about a half- century before it was unambiguously described in tus Lindesius” with price mark at head of fy, “Initium Sapientiae, timor est dominii” in his hand at head of title “Robertus Holland in 1608. Te frst book, titled Longimetra, is a trea- Lyndesius” around woodcut device on title, repeated below, “Dum Spiro spes”and “Caelum patria Chrystus via” on title, “Tis edition is essentially identical to the frst with two signif- tise on surveying using the quadrant, square and theodolite. Te armorial bookplate of ‘Howard Granville Hanrott’ on pastedown, Robert S. Pirie’s above, note c1800 of Jean [?] rear past- cant additions by Tomas Digges: the Mathematicall discourse of subsequent books, Planimetra and Stereometra, cover plane and edown. Title fractionally dusty, tiny water-stain at blank upper margin of frst few leaves. A fne copy, crisp and clean, in 40 41 contemporary Scottish calf, covers bordered with a single gilt rule, tristic texts, which were based on a critical study of the manuscripts. Tis marked in the words of Hans-Hubertus Mack, the origins arms of John Stewart, 5th Earl of Atholl gilt at centres, monogram of classical philology as a scholarly discipline.” Marijke Crab. ‘Exemplary Reading’. MM gilt above, spine with blind ruled raised bands, feurons gilt at centres, all edges blue. Small tear to upper corner of lower cover. Historian and rhetorician of the frst century BC, Dionysius of Halicarnassus left Greece for Rome where he researched and composed a history of the city in twenty books. Tis tenth book is nearly complete while later ones are fragmentary. Informed by the classical concept of A fne copy of this beautifully printed edition, in a beautiful contempo- history as a source of exemplary and instructive ethical models, the text aimed to justify Roman rule over Greece and argued for a Greek origin rary Scottish armorial binding, with the arms of John Stewart, 5th Earl of Roman ancestry. It is followed by De compositione, seu orationis partium apta inter se collocatione, a work on diferent styles of rhetoric. of Atholl, and remarkable Scottish provenance. Te M M monogram A remarkable copy; beautifully bound with extraordinary provenance. above the arms could have been added later, possibly the initials of one Adams D630. Hofmann I, 586. Not in BM STC. of John’s descendants from the Murray family. Early Scottish armorial bindings are particularly rare. Of particular interest is the autograph K69 Robertus Lindesius on the title which could very well be that of the Scottish chronicler Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie (c. 1530—c. 1590). IMPRESSIVE CONTEMPORARY BINDING “Scottish historian, of the family of the Lindsays of the Byres, was born 37. DIOSCORIDES. at Pitscottie, in the parish of Ceres, Fifeshire, which he held in lease at a later period. His Historie Pedacii Dioscoridae Anazarbei de Medica materia libri sex. and Cronicles of Scotland, the only work by which he is remembered, is described as a continuation of that of Hector Boece, translated by John Bellenden. It covers the period from 1437 to 1565, Florence, Filippo Giunta, 1523. and, though it sometimes degenerates into a mere chronicle of short entries, is not without pas- £12,500 sages of great picturesqueness. Sir Walter Scott made use of it in Marmion; and, in spite of its inaccuracy in details, it is useful for the social history of the period. Lindsay’s share in the Cronicles was generally supposed to end with 1565; but Dr Aeneas Mackay Folio. f. (x) 352. Roman letter, some Greek. Title in red and black, woodcut considers that the frank account of the events connected with Mary Stuart between 1565 and 1575 contained in one of the MSS. printer’s device to recto of last. T-p a bit thumbed, small faint purplish stain is by his hand and was only suppressed because it was too faithful in its record of contemporary afairs. Te Historie and Cronicles and little fraying to lower inner corner of frst and last gathering, occasional was frst published in 1728. A complete edition of the text (2 vols.), based on the Laing MS. No. 218 in the university of Edin- slight marginal waterstaining, and minor marginal foxing. A very good copy, burgh, was published by the Scottish Text Society in 1809 under the editorship of Aeneas J. G. Mackay. Te MS., formerly in the on thick paper, in contemporary northern Italian calf over pasteboards, lack- possession of John Scott of Halkshill, is fuller, and, though in a later hand, is, on the whole, a better representative of Lindsay’s text.” ing ties, triple blind tooled to a panel design, second border with dotted rope- work, centre panel with rhombus-shaped foral centre- and cornerpieces. Spine in four compartments with double blind tooled hatching, early paper Tis beautifully printed edition of been many major productions of label with title at head, some rubbing, minor loss to covers and at foot of spine. Dionysius’ most important work the Froben press which did not A handsome copy of this fundamental ancient Greek work on herbal medicine— is edited by by Sigmund Geleni- beneft from his selfess scholarly the frst pharmacopoeia—which infuenced Western medical practice until the us, with an additional chronolo- devotion. ... Tere is also evidence C19. Te work had been circulating in Latin (as well as Greek and Arabic) gy supplied by Henri Glareanus. that he collaborated on a number throughout the medieval period, never falling into oblivion. It was frst printed by “Gelenius at one time studied of editions by Erasmus ... Erasmus Filippo Giunta in 1518, in a Latin translation and commentary by the Floren- Greek under Marcus Musurus held Gelenius in high regard as is tine humanist and Medici chancellor Marcello Virgilio Adriani (1464-1521), and visited Sicily, Sardinia, Corsi- attested to by himself and others” of which this is the second edition. Born in Cilicia, Discorides (40-90AD) was ca, and France before returning to Contemporaries of Erasmus, II, a Greek physician at the service of the Roman army and an expert botanist. A Prague, where he lectured privately pp. 84-85. “Glareanus’ annota- compendium of medical knowledge which rivalled Hippocrates’s and Oribasi- on Greek authors and entered into tions arose from a cultural, intellec- us’s works, ‘De Materia medica’ discusses the properties and medical uses of correspondence with Melanchthon. tual and even religious background hundreds of herbs all typical of the eastern Mediterranean region, often providing their names in other languages like Tracian, ... Probably in 1524 he moved to that was very diferent from that of ancient Egyptian or Carthaginian. Its fve parts cover a variety of topics including not only aromatic or culinary herbs and plants Basel, where he lived in Erasmus’ his predecessors. In sixteenth-cen- (e.g., cardamom, cinnamon, liquorice and valerian) but also cereals, fruit, roots, seeds and even minerals from which ointments, household. He spent the remainder tury Basel, Henricus Glareanus drinks or balms can be made. Te short sections discuss the name, origins, physical characteristics and medical uses of each; room of his life working for the Froben was part of a fourishing commu- is also devoted to specifc conditions, their symptoms and the best practice and medicaments to treat them. To the bite of adders, press as a scholar, editor, corrector, nity of scholars and printers en- vipers and basilisks, for instance, is devoted a long section which explains how to intervene in case of emergency and how to prepare and translator from the Greek, gaged in the business of bookselling and use life-saving pharmacopoeia including cedar juice, bitumen and green ‘pilulae’ made from plane trees cooked in diluted wine. even declining a position as pro- and publishing. Both emulating fessor of Greek at Nuremberg for the Aldine model and pursuing Four copies recorded in the US. which he was recommended by the footsteps of Erasmus of Rotter- USTC 827007; BM STC It., p. 218; NLM 1142. Not in Wellcome or Bibliotheca Osleriana. Melanchthon in 1525 and 1526. dam, they collaborated to produce L2872 ... in his day there cannot have new editions of classical and pa- 42 43 38. DONNE, John. copy in contemporary sheep, covers bordered with a double blind rule, edg- es sprinkled red, head of spine chipped with minor repair, some scufng. Iuuenilia: or Certaine paradoxes and problemes, written by I. Donne. London, Printed by E[lizabeth] P[urslowe] for Henry Seyle, 1633. A very good copy of the rare third edition in English, the frst published with Donne’s name on the title-page. “Donne’s ‘Conclave Ignatii’ or ‘Ignatius his Conclave’, an attack Sold on Bellarmine and the Jesuits, the third of his controversial writings, though the second FIRST EDITION. 4to. 32 unnumbered ll., [A]4 B-H4, frst leaf blank, with licenses to print on F1v and H4v. Roman letter, some to be published, was composed in 1610 and published in early 1611 ... Conclave Ignati Italic. Small ‘Noli Altum Sapere’ woodcut printer’s device on title [McKerrow 311], foriated woodcut initials, woodcut head is a vigorous, amusing, and sometimes scurrilous satire, but it received little notice from and tail-pieces, typographical ornaments, armorial bookplate of Evan Morgan on pastedown, his autograph 1930 on frst blank, Donne’s biographers until it was discussed in Gosse’s book. .. It has been suggested that the bookplate of Robert S Pirie on fy. Light age yellowing, a little darker at margins, very minor marginal dust soiling in places. A fne form of the Satire was to some extent derived from the ‘Satyre Ménippe’, and its supple- copy, crisp and clean in excellent contemporary vellum gilt, covers gilt ruled to a panel design, feurons gilt to outer corners, central ment ‘le Supplément du Catholicon, ou nouvelles des regions de la lune’, 1595. Although lozenge gilt, spine triple gilt ruled in compartments, small feurons gilt at centres, traces of green silk ties. Vellum a little soiled. the book was anonymous until 1634 there is in the Epistle ‘Te printer to the reader’ a veiled reference to the Pseudo-Martyr. .. Te frst edition of the English version was also A fne copy of this important frst edition, complete with the licenses to print on both F1v and H4v, in a fne contemporary limp vellum bind- published in 1611, having been translated, in Healy’s opinion, by Donne himself. Te ing; very rarly found separately in a contemporary binding. “Although it may be regarded as normal to fnd these two licences .. their occur- rendering was free, but the book, having been thought out and composed in Latin, was rence is erratic. Of my two copies one lacks the frst licence and the other both. ... Both this and the second edition were printed by Elizabeth not readily recast, so that the English version has lost some of its edge. Donne himself, Purslowe (1633-1646). Te device used on the title pages of both editions is a copy of one of those used by the family Estienne of Paris” Keynes. as implied in his preface regarded the book as too undignifed a production to be pub- licly acknowledged, though his name appeared on the tittle-pages of the English editions “Although they are supposedly of Donne’s youthful period, Bald that they seems to be a logical outgrowth of Donne’s own bitter- published after his death.” Keynes. “John Donne’s Ignatius His Conclave is a satirical at- argues that most of the ‘Paradoxes’ probably were written before ness and stagnation in hte 1603-1610 period when his aspira- tack on the Society of Jesus, which was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola. Printed Donne’s marriage in 1601 and that the ‘Problems’ were written tions for a grand secular career seemed futile. Te “problems” are anonymously in 1611, the work appeared in both Latin and English just months apart; the former, a duodecimo edition with after King James came to the throne in 1603, citing evidence usually pseudo-problems, false issues, and largely unexplainable. the title Conclave Ignati, was entered in the Stationer’s Register on 24 January, and the latter, also printed in duodecimo, on 18 from some of the ‘Letters to Goodyear’ that indicate 1607 as the Even if they are explainable, the writer puts forth the most outra- May. ... T. S. Healy points out that although the dates of publication for the English and Latin versions do not indicate which year for some of the ‘Problems’. Te “Paradoxes’ generally have geous, illogical, and unexpected “reasons” for the sake of entertain- text was written frst, the English was most likely” Altman, Shanyn Leigh. “Ignatius his Conclave”. Te Literary Encyclopedia. much in common with Donne’s poetry, especially with the ‘Sat- ment and satire.” Robert H. Ray. ‘A John Donne Companion’. ires’, ‘Elegies’ and some of the ‘Songs and Sonnets’. Te deliber- “In the prose satire ‘Ignatius his Conclave’, Donne positions Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuit order, as the villain of his story, ately audacious, witty, fippant, paradoxical, punning and collo- “Donne’s Juvenilia are clever and entertaining trifes, most of competing with various fgures to enter the coveted ‘secret space’ in hell, the room where one would be closest to Satan’s throne. Toward the quial Donne clearly appears in them. ... Just judging by the titles which were probably written before 1600 during the more wan- end of the satire, Donne imagines that the universe, newly expanded by Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler, will allow the Jesuits, in the near one can see that the central device is to argue against the common ton period of the author’s life. His own opinion of them was ex- future, to colonise the Moon. As Lucifer explains, ‘Galilaeo the Florentine’ will ‘draw the Moone, like a boate foating upun the water, as opinion or accepted truth – to create indeed a “paradox”. .. Sub- pressed in a letter to Sir Henry Wooton in 1600: ... ‘they were neere the earth as he will,’ so that ‘all the Jesuites [can] be transferred’. Donne’s demonstration of the colonizing power of the Jesuits, how- jects in the ‘Paradoxes’ such as the inconstancy, appearances, and made rather to deceave tyme than her daughter truth’” Keynes. ever humorous, carries with it a serious undertone, in particular anxieties over the Protestant role in the conquest of both the new World the uses of women; the relaion of body and soul; the true natures on earth and the new world(s) in space.” Judy A. Hayden ‘Literature in the Age of Celestial Discovery: From Copernicus to Flamsteed.’ Although these Paradoxes and Problemes were widely circulated of the ‘Microcosm’ and ‘Macrocosm’; the decay of the world; the in manuscript, their secular, character prevented them from be- “Cholmley Turner was a wealthy country gentleman, with properties in Northallerton and along Tees side, as well as lead mining interests in the Fall of mankind; good and evil; discord and harmony; and death ing published during the author’s lifetime. Te catalogue of the North Riding. Returned as a Whig MP for Northallerton in 1715, he followed Walpole into opposition in 1717..” Te History of Parliament. all in fact reveal a spectrum of those topics Donne handles with Grolier Club’s quatrocentenary exhibition of Donne mentions more breadth and depth in his other secular and Christian works that while copies of both the frst and second editions of Juvenilia STC 1729. ESTC S109801. Grolier/Donne 8 (this copy). Grolier-Wither to Prior 278. Keynes, Donne 8 through his career. .. Te ‘Problems actually are posed as questions are frequently found bound with the 1633 edition of Donne’s Po- (and many are answered simply by a series of questions). Most K70 ems, “copies bound separately in contemporary bindings are rare.” scholars and critics see them as having some of the same qualities of wordplay, colloquialism, paradox, fippancy, etc., as the ‘Par- STC 7043. ESTC S109980. Grolier/Donne 26 (this copy). adoxes’; however the ‘Problems’ generally are regarded as a bit Grolier, Wither to Prior 284. Keynes 43. SUPERB BINDING AND PROVENANCE column. Printer’s woodcut device in red to recto of M6 and more cynical, melancholy, and disillusioned. Some scholars argue K72 40. DUNS SCOTUS. verso of M9, initials heightened in red throughout. Slight mainly marginal spotting, faint ink stain to lower blank Quaestiones in quattuor libros Sententiarum Petri Lombardi.. 39. DONNE, John. 12mo. pp. [vi], 135, [iii]. A-F12. Roman letter, some margin of t and outer blank margin of -6 andL6-7. An ex- Italic. Title within single rule, small woodcut initials, Venice, Johannes Herbort, de Seligenstadt for Johannes de cellent, well-margined copy, on thick paper, in superb con- Ignatius his Conclave or his inthronisation in a late election in typographical headpieces, early C18th engraved ar- Colonia, Nicolaus Jenson et Socii, 1481. temporary pigskin, later eps, one clasp, triple blind tooled to hell: wherin many things are mingled by way of satyr. morial bookplate of Cholmley Turner on pastedown, a panel design, outer border with roll of hearts pierced by £11,500 London, Printed [by Augustine Mathewes] for Iohn Marri- bookplate of David and Lulu Borowitz on frst fy, Rob- arrows within lozenges, centre panel with feurons and deer ott, 1634. within lozenges, raised bands, spine double blind ruled in ert S. Pirie’s on verso. Light age yellowing, some light 4to. Part 4 of 4. 300 unnumbered f., a-i8 k10 o-z8 -8 >8 48, fve compartments, lozenges in blind to each, ink lettered la- scattered foxing, occasional marginal mark. A very good A-L8 M10, frst and last blank. Large Gothic letter, double £10,500 bel at head and to upper cover (in vellum with heightened 44 45 initial), fve brass bosses, two brass guides and four brass seer from Munich, ‘custodian of alms’, obtained this RARE – ON BLUE PAPER cornerpieces to covers. Contemporary ms. marginalia, own- copy in 1493 from the theologian Petrus Piscato- 41. EUCLID. ership inscription in red ‘Per me f [rat]rem Ioh[ann]em Ul- ris. Tis was probably the Franciscan Peter Fis- ner rubricatus anno du[m] que de t[em]p[or]e studii mei cher (1450-97) from Strasbourg, who was ‘Custos De gli elementi d’Euclide. Erforde t[em]po anno de debito’ and in black-brown ‘Hic Rheni’ (in charge of the Rhine district); he famously Urbino, D. Frisolino, 1575. lib[er] p[ro]cu[r]at[us] est p[er] me fr[atr]em Ioh[ann] owned a substantial library spanning classics, rhet- em Kriemseer monacensem ab eg[re]gio sac[erdot]e theo[- oric and theology (‘Frankfurter Personenlexikon’). £39,500 logic]o m[a]g[ist]ro Petro Piscatoride me[o] tempore alme Johannes Duns Scotus (1266-1308) was a Scottish FIRST EDITION thus. f. (viii) 278. Roman letter, with Italic. All pages with typographical border, c.600 wood- philosopher and one of the most in- cut illustrations. One lower outer corner torn not touching text, a few tiny holes to lower margin of t-p. A very fuential in the early medieval period. good copy, on blue paper, in early C17 calf, double gilt ruled, raised bands, spine in seven compartments, re- He was trained at the Franciscan paired at head and foot, one gilt-lettered, others double gilt ruled with large gilt feuron. Modern bibliograph- ‘studium’ in Oxford. After taking ical notes pencilled to front pastedowns and fep, earlier inked to rear pastedown and fy, C19 engraved book- holy orders in England, he moved to plate c1800 of Conte della Trinita' to front pastedown, erased early ex-libris to t-p, occasional Italian annotation. Paris where he was lecturing c.1300; he was expelled from France in 1302 Tis outstanding copy was printed on blue paper for presentation. No copies on blue paper of this edition are recorded in major for his support of Pope Boniface VIII bibliographies or at US libraries. Intended as a substitute for parchment, blue paper was frst employed by Aldus, and perfect- against Philip IV. His very success- ed by Giolito, for ‘deluxe’ copies prepared for important personalities. It became an increasingly widespread practice with selected ful commentary on Peter Lombard’s copies of particularly scientifc and architectural works in the course of the C16. Te translator and commentator of this edition, four books of ‘Sententiae’, a systemat- Federico Commandino, had also overseen the printing on blue paper of a limited Latin edition of Euclid’s ‘Elements’ in 1572. ic compilation of theological sources, is considered his greatest work. Tis Very rare copy, on blue paper, of the frst Italian translation of Euclid’s ‘Elements’ edited by Federico Commandino. Commandino edition was overseen by Tomas Pen- (1509-75) was a humanist from Urbino renowned for his translations of the works of ancient Greek mathematicians including Aris- keth, English philosopher and profes- tarchus of Samos and Pappus of Alexandria. Several of his Latin (and later vernacular) renditions of Greek mathematical terms, for sor at Padua in 1474-77. In ‘Quaes- which he relied on previous adaptations by Roman authors like Cicero and Vitruvius, became the standard. Euclid (4th century BC) tiones’, Duns Scotus’s ground-breaking theories was the frst to reunite mathematical theories from the ancient world into a coherent, bi-dimensional system centred on simple axioms including the ‘univocity of being’ (the concept of of plane geometry, based on angles and distance, from which further propositions (or theorems) could be deduced. His ‘Elements’ began existence) and ‘haecceicitas’ (the particularity with the crucial defnition of ‘point’, ‘that which has no part nor size’ and which is only determined by two numbers defning its position in of a thing as opposed to its abstract essence) are space—the fundamental notion on which the Euclidean geometrical system is based. Te ffteen books of the work, the last two of which are applied to broader questions left open by Peter now considered spurious, discuss plane and solid geometry, the theory of proportion and the properties of rational and irrational num- Lombard. Te early annotator of this copy, prob- bers. Euclid’s ‘Elements’ was commonly used in schools for centuries and is ‘the oldest mathematical textbook in the world’ (PMM 25). ably Piscatoris, was a very learned reader who corrected an erroneous quotation from the ‘Sen- tentiae’ (‘dulcissimis’ instead of ‘dilectissimis’) and made cross-references to Book 3. He was especially interested in sections on the theological (penance and restitution) and practical (canon law) consequences of adultery. For instance, an adulterous woman should confess her crime to her illegitimate son and encourage him to give up on his inheritance; however, this situation would put her ‘in danger of death’ and her husband ‘in danger of committing uxoricide’. Some underlin- custo[dent]e(?) Custodi mitissimo anno 1493 in diem ing is also present in a section on ‘justice in buying and selling’ (?)’ to verso of M8, C19 bookplate to front pastedown. which touches on usury. A superbly bound witness, of interest- ing provenance, to late medieval scholarship, in which theology Superbly bound copy of the fourth part of the second complete and biblical exegesis meet economics, property and canon law. Italian edition of this major work, usually bound and often is- sued separately. Te handsome binding was made probably Gof D381; BM STC It., p. 229; GW 9075; ISTC by Steifer Hirsch in Erfurt (see PrincetonL PR 2083 LF and id00381000.

A-1272) where it was also rubricated by Friar Johann Ulner, L3066 who signed the last page and in red elsewhere. Johann Kriem- 46 47 Tis copy belonged to an early mathematician who wrote a long marginal re-phrasing of a corollary. Between the WITH THE VERY RARE BROADSIDE late C18 and early C19, it was in the collection of the bibliophile Count Remigio Filiberto Costa della Trinita'. 43. FOXE, John. USTC 828481; Riccardi I/1, 363; Tomas-Stanford 42; BM STC It., p. 568; Honeyman II, 1009-10. Not in Mortimer. Acts and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happening

K135 in the Church, with an vniuersall historie of the same... London, Adam Islip, Fœlix Kingston, and Robert Young, 1632. 42. FERRAND, Jacques. £12,500 Erotomania or a Treatise Discoursing of the Essence, Causes, Symptomes, Prognosticks, and Cure of Love or Erotique Melancholy. Oxford, Printed by L. Lichfeld, 1640. Folio. Tree vols. pp. [cxxviii], 756, 767-1034; 113, 112-788, [ii]; [iv], 584, 595-1030; [xiv], 106, 105-106, [cxiv]. [3] plates (2 folded). pi4, £8,750 2[par.]8, 3[par.]8, (-)6, (A)-(H)4, (I)6, A-4P6, 4Q8; 2A-I6, K8, L-3T6, 3V4; 3A-4P6, 4Q8; 4A- O4, P6, 4R-5G4. {without frst blank in vol 1, First edition thus. 8vo. pp. [xl], 363, [v]. a-b8, c4, A-Z8. [Z7 & 8 blank]. Roman and Italic letter, some Greek. Title in red last blank in vol 2, and frst and last blanks in vol. 3] Black letter, some and black within box ruled border with typographical ornaments, woodcut initials, typographical ornaments. Light age Roman and Italic, double column. Title pages to each vol. within fne yellowing, small paper faws in upper blank margin of two leaves in frst quire, the occasional, mostly marginal spot or stain. woodcut border, representing the Last Judgement, the burning of mar- A very good copy crisp and clean in modern calf, covers bordered with a double blind rule, blind feurons at corners, spine tyrs, the celebration of the Mass, and Protestant and Roman preaching double blind ruled in compartments, printed waste pastedowns from an early English printed Latin dictionary, all edges blue. (McKerrow & Ferguson. Title-page borders, no. 120.), three folding Important and infuential frst edition in English of this rare work on lovesickness, which gives us tremendous insight into contemporary woodcut plates, after 2E4, 22Z6, and 32V1, with a monumental broad- attitudes to love, anxiety, depression, and their treatment. “Te original French edition was published at Toulouse in 1612, under the side “A table of the X frst persecutions of the primitive Church under title Traite' de l’essence et guérison de l’amour, and at Paris in 1623 as ‘De la maladie d’amour, ou melancholie erotique.’ If Robert Burton the heathen Tyrannes of Rome, continuing the space almost of CCC was acquainted with the frst edition of this book, as he may well have been, there can be little doubt that he has taken or imitated the general yeeres after Christ” bound after page 44 in vol. 1, many column width method and treatment of the subject, in his Anatomy of Melancholy”. Madan. Burton certainly owned a copy of the Paris 1623 edition and half page woodcuts in text, woodcut initials head and tail-piec- (N.K. Kiessling, Te Library of Robert Burton, Oxford, 1988, no. 566). Te translation is by Edmund Chilmead, scholar, musician, es. Light age yellowing with some ofsetting, spotting and browning petty canon of Christ Church, and cataloguer of Greek manuscripts in the Bodleian Library (Wood, Athenae Oxoniensis, III, 350). in places, minor light occasional waterstains, occasional small tears to lower margins, 3B6 in volume 2 with closed tear through lower third of leaf, broadside with several closed tears at folds, end- Jacques Ferrand, who was deeply imbued with the humanist culture of the Renaissance, refers in his work to a long tradition of think- papers renewed in vol. 3. A very good copy in handsome contemporary calf, covers single gilt and double blind ruled to a panel ers and doctors: Paul of Aegina, Avicenna, Arnauld de Vilanova, Ficino and Bernard of Gordon. However the contemporary author design, feurons gilt to corners of outer panel, large lozenge with olive wreath and scrolls gilt stamped at centres, spines with he owes the most to was André Du Laurens whose work on love was also translated into English. Both authors believed lovesickness to raised bands, gilt ruled in compartments, large feuron gilt at centres, titles gilt on morocco labels, wide brass clasps and catches, be a physical disease. “Despite feeling that love is ultimately subjective, and thus, defnition is futile, Ferrand eventually settles on this; stamped and engraved, small loss to head of vol 2, volume 3 rebacked with original spine laid down, upper compartment lack- ‘Love .. is a kind of Dotage, proceeding from an irregular desire of enjoying a lovely object; and is attended on by feare and sadnesse.’ ing, a little rubbed at extremities, covers a little scratched. Early shelf mark and monogram B:E to upper margin of t-p in vol. 3 Following a thousand-year medical tradition, Ferrand seriously believed love to be a physical disease.” Matthew Dimmock ‘Literature and Popular Culture in Early Modern England.’ “Ferrand’s ‘De la maladie d’amour’ the most detailed work on the subject, gives ther- A very handsome copy of this enlarged and beautifully illustrated copy of Foxe’s monumental and hugely infuential work containing apeutic, dietary and medicinal advice both on how to prevent the disease and how best to treat it once it has been contracted. Galenic a very large and exceptionally rare broadside not mentioned in ESTC or Copac. It was most probably made for this edition, as it con- medicine tended to work by contraries; because lovesickness was often seen as a form of melancholy, which was a disease of excessive dry- tains instructions as to where it should be placed in the text, (after page 44) which are not found on the previous version made for the ness and heat, remedies for lovesickness tended to stress moisture and coolness. Baths were recommended and calming music. Because 1622 edition. Tis broadside on the martyrdom of the early Christians, is printed from three woodblocks, each flled with separate in- insomnia was a common symptom of lovesickness, opium was often prescribed, as it would induce sleep. .. Ferrand goes so far as to suggest cidents of persecution, each described by text in a cartouche; with letterpress title along the top and description below. It was frst pub- clitoridectomy and cauterisation of the forehead with a branding iron in severe cases.” Sujata Iyengar ‘Disability, Health, and Happi- lished for the 1570 edition of Foxe’s ‘Book of Martyrs, and was also published separately. See Sheila O’Connell, ‘Te Popular Print in ness in the Shakespearean Body.’ Ferrand work also discusses aphrodisiacs and foods to particularly avoid to prevent from succumbing England’, BM 1999, no.4.24, and D. Loades, ‘John Foxe and the English Reformation.’ We can fnd no mention of it in another copy. to erotic melancholy. “(His work) thus cautioned that certain foods were liable to stimulate lust and love melancholy. ‘our patient must Te Actes and Monuments, popularly known as Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, is a work of Protestant history and martyrology including a abstaine also from all meats that are very Nutritive, Hot, Flatulent and Melancholy’ such as soft eggs, partridges, pigeons, sparrows, polemical account of the suferings of Protestants under the Catholic Church, with particular emphasis on England and Scotland. Tis quails, hare and especially green geese.” Jennifer Evans ‘Aphrodisiacs, Fertility and Medicine in Early Modern England.’ Ferrand’s frst text, and their scholarly interpretations, helped to frame English consciousness (national, religious and historical), for over four hundred edition, was criticised by the inquisition which lead to revisions in the second, particularly over his following the long standing medical years. Evoking images of the sixteenth-century martyred English, of Elizabeth enthroned, the Enemy overthrown, and danger averted, leniency toward sex as therapy. Tus in his second edition Ferrand retracted his recommendation of sex as therapy for lovesickness. Foxe’s text and its images served as a popular and academic code. Te book was highly infuential and helped shape lasting popular notions A very good copy of this rare frst English translation. of Catholicism. It went through four editions in Foxe’s lifetime. Te three volumes here amount to 2,300 pages of over 3 million words and very numerous woodcuts. Tis 1632 edition adds a chronology and a topical outline as well as a continuation of foreign martyrs. ESTC. S102065. STC 10829 Madan, I, p. 219. Not in Gay, Edelmann or Hull. “Even today ..the Acts and Monuments ... is an impressive tome, vastly more ambitious than anything previously printed in England. L2998 John Foxe’s text – itself drawing on the work of many other writers – not only tells the stories of the men and women persecuted by the Roman Catholic Church, but prints vast amounts of documentary support in the form of letters, interrogations, and debates, .. It is also ,... the single most important body of biographical life-writing in post Reformation Britain. Although initially conceived 48 49 as a new ecclesiastical history for the English Protestant al foxing, couple of tears to lower margin, small Church, and as a repository for the documentary evidence for marginal hole to plate 37 just touching border, one that history, Acts and Monuments became most celebrated to p. 77 touching catchword on verso, few ll. lightly as a collection of martyr’s lives, a Book of Martyrs, as it be- age yellowed, tiny worm holes to blank upper out- came popularly known.” Te Oxford history of Life-Writing. er corners, plate 60 minimally torn at fold. A good “John Foxe began his great work while a refugee in Rhineland copy in slightly later half vellum over marbled boards, Europe and away from Queen Mary’s persecution back in modern paper label to spine, little rubbed, C18 in- England. Its intellectual genesis therefore lay at the heart of scription ‘N.181 Zimmermann (?) Bland(?)’ to upper the revolutionary changes inspired by the sixteenth-century blank margin of frst plate, contemporary inscription protestant reformation – which is to say, on the continent of ‘Exemplari Collegii (?) Wengensis Ulmo (?)’ to t-p. Europe. Yet, successively reworked and republished in Eng- lish.., the cultural impact of Foxe’s work was to sever England Good, clean copy of the frst edition of this handsomely from the catholic roots of continental Europe. After his death, illustrated, infuential work on military architecture and Foxe’s work became a vehicle that sustained anti-catholic shipwrighting. Of 11 German copies we have been able sentiment which, in turn, cloistered a fundamental suspi- to consult, only 4 have the additional author’s engraved cion of continental Europe -.. Foxe’s Book of Martyrs had portrait whilst the remaining 7, like this one, do not; no played an important part in creating a sense of English na- portrait is recorded in US copies. Born in Germany, Jo- tional identity.” Mark Greengrass, Tomas S. Freeman ‘Te seph Furttenbach (1591-1667) spent twenty years in It- Acts and Monuments and the Protestant Continental Mar- aly to train as a merchant with his uncles; he also studied tyrologies.’ A very handsome copy, rare complete and in a engineering and architecture developing a side-interest contemporary binding, with the exceptional, large broadside. in scenic design for theatre plays and pageants, several of which he described in detail. ‘Architectura univeralis’ is ESTC S123057. STC 11228. Lowndes II 829. L3089 ILLUSTRATED ARCHITECTURE AND SHIP- features material from his previous works— ‘Architectu- NO COPY RECORDED IN THE US WRIGHTING ra civilis’ (1628), ‘navalis’ (1629) and ‘martialis’ (1638)—all published in Ulm, where he settled to take up a position as city 45. FURTTENBACH, Joseph. 44. [FRANCISCANS.]. architect in 1621. Part I is devoted to military architecture Compendium privilegiorum fratrum minorum necnon et aliorum fratrum mendicantium. Architectura universalis. with observations on the choice of the right terrain and mate- rial, as well as suitable designs for walls, barracks, bridges and Valladolid, [Nicolás Tierri], [1525]. Ulm, J.S. Medern, 1635. casemates according to their location and purposes. Part II is £4,750 £7,850 devoted to civil architecture including gardens, baths and laza- retti. ‘Furttenbach’s approach is by diferent building types...his FIRST EDITION. 4to. f. (iv) 124. Gothic letter, some double column. Attractive t-p with full-page woodcut of St Francis re- FIRST EDITION. Folio. pp. (ii) (xxiv) 159 (i), without discussion includes [some] not often discussed in his time, such ceiving stigmata surrounded by typographical frame with feurons, tendrils and urns; decorated initials. Some slight browning, added author’s engraved portrait as usual. Large Gothic as schools, hostels, barracks, prisons and hospitals. His pro- t-p a bit thumbed, occasional faint dampstaining to upper margins. A very good copy, on thick paper, probably never bound with letter. T-p in red and black with typographic border, 61 jects are extremely functional in conception. Tus he evolves covers, sewn on three single alum-tawed parchment supports, stitched endbands, vellum sewing guard, original fep. Marca de double-page en- a three-sto- fuego‘CSFQ’ of the Convento de San Francisco (Querétaro, Mexico) to all edges, early ex-libris of the Convento to fy and illegible graved plates (1 rey “burgh- Latin inscription to lower blank margin of †4, casemark to upper blank margins of three ll., the odd early annotation, in folding box. unnumbered, er’s house”...in 5 folding), dec- which the object Very good copy of the scarce frst edition of this compendium of privileges, bulls and concessions granted by popes to the Franciscan orated initials, of every room and other mendicant orders in the course of previous centuries. Intended as an ‘opusculum’ for easy consultation, it is organized al- head- and tail- is precisely de- phabetically and prefaced by a long index. Each numbered entry begins with the name of the pope who granted the specifed privileges pieces. Mar- fned...[he] even concerning, for instance, the permission to administer confession and absolution in various circumstances (e.g., to family members gins of t-p a goes so far as or infdels), appropriate behaviour in convents and in the presence of women who are not nuns, education and indulgences (with bit thumbed, to include the lists of specifc stations for penitence in Rome and Jerusalem, sins absolved and length of time). Such compendia became funda- small interlin- furnishings of mental administrative instruments for missionary friars in the New World. Tis copy belonged to the Convento de San Francisco ear repair, faint several rooms in Querétaro, Mexico, in the C17. Most marginalia highlight ordinances concerning the fnancial and administrative relationship water stain at in his plans’ between Franciscans friars and the nuns of the Second Order of St Francis for whom a convent was established in Querétaro in 1606. upper gutter or (Kruft, ‘History to upper out- No copy recorded in the US. of Architecture’, er corner of USTC 337209; Wilkinson, Iberian Books, 5830; Palau 46930. Not in BM STC Sp. 174). Part III few gatherings, discusses how L2899 slight margin- to fortify rivers 50 51 and inlets, and design functional war ships as well as efcient and safe ports and harbours. Part IV illustrates the construction of PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo’, it illustrated a fctional armories with handsomely illustrated cannons and ammunitions. Te striking engraved plates, signed ‘M.R.’, are used as a guide- 47. GALILEI, Galileo. debate over the course of four days among scholars supporting line throughout as the index lists each subject linking it to its illustration. A strikingly encyclopaedic, beautifully illustrated work. the theories of Ptolemy, Aristotle and Copernicus respectively, Dialogus de systemate mundi. whilst discussing the principles of motion (including the earth BL Ger. C17 F1370 (one of three recorded with author’s engraved portrait); Fowler 132 (no portrait recorded). Leiden, A. and B. Elzevier, 1635. [with] and sun), relativity in observed motion and the ebbs and fows of L3061 tides. In particular, in support of Copernicanism, Galileo argued Tractatus de proportionum instrumento. that ‘the hypothesis of the rotation and revolution of the earth THE EARLIEST CALCULATOR Strasbourg, David Hautt, 1635. is not refuted by the fact that we do not observe any mechanical efects of these motions. Strictly speaking, such a demonstration £27,500 was impossible because a complete theory of mechanics was lack- 4to. FIRST EDITION thus, 2 ing (at the time)...it is just in the struggle with this problem that works in 1. Pp. (xvi) 495 (xxv) Galileo’s originality is demonstrated (viii) 104. Roman letter, little Ital- with particular force’ (Albert Ein- ic. Additional engraved t-p with stein, ‘Foreword’, xvii). It earned in- Aristotle, Ptolemy and Coper- clusion into the Index of Prohibited nicus between two columns, au- Books, from which it was removed thor’s oval portrait within archi- in the C19; nevertheless, ‘more tectural frame to verso of fourth than any other work, [‘Dialogus’] leaf, woodcut diagrams, decorat- made heliocentrism a commonplace’ ed initials, head- and tailpieces. (PMM 128). First published in Slight browning, heavier to second 1612, ‘Tractatus de proportionum work (especially last gathering), instrumento’ is the Latin translation intermittent faint waterstaining to of ‘Le operazioni del compass ge- upper and lower outer corner, two ometrico’ of 1606. Made of two rul- mostly interlinear ink burns to pp. ers joined by a volvelle, the compass 46. GALILEI, Galileo. of the Inquisition. Te ‘compasso geometrico’ was another of his 65-68 of second, a few letters lost could be used to calculate distance, La operazione del compasso geometrico. creations, frst discussed in print in 1606. Made of two rulers on one leaf. Good copies in contem- height, depth and a variety of pro- joined by a volvelle—as shown in the engraved plates—the com- porary vellum, later eps, bookplate portional operations through a sys- Padua, per Paolo Frambotto, 1640. pass could be used to calculate distance, height, depth and a va- of Erwin Tomash to front past- tem of scales based on Euclid’s study £11,500 riety of proportional operations through a system of scales based edown, Latin marginalia to one of triangles. After explaining how on Euclid’s study of triangles. In the dedicatory letter, the printer leaf. In modern cloth folding box. the ruler on the compass is subdi- 4to. pp. (viii) 80, 2 fold-out plates. Roman letter, little Ital- Frambotto celebrated Galileo’s ‘maraviglioso compasso’ as having vided into sections, Galileo proceeds ic. Woodcut printer’s device to t-p, fold-out plate with ‘fundamental importance for the art of war’ and being ‘sought Good copies of the frst and second to explore diferent applications. engraved astronomical diagrams, line and woodcut il- after by leading Captains’; it also addressed everyday problems in Latin editions respectively of two Tese include theoretical opera- lustrations, decorated initials and headpieces. Faint ink civil life. After explaining how the ruler on the compass is subdi- most important works by Galileo Galilei, translated from Italian tions like cube roots, the squaring of a circle and geometrical spots to t- p, slight foxing in places, couple of gatherings vided into sections, he proceeds to explore diferent applications. by the German astronomer Matthias Bernegger (1582-1640). proportions, as well as practical ones like the scale increase or browned, two holes at gutter of last touching a letter. A Tese include theoretical operations like cube roots, the squaring Whilst the frst Italian edition of 1632 had led to Galileo’s in- reduction of the plan of a geographical area, the translation of very good copy in carta rustica, later eps. Bookplate of Er- of a circle and geometrical proportions, as well as practical ones quisitorial sentence in Rome for asserting ‘the false opinion of prices from one currency to another according to their relative win Tomash to front pastedown, armorial bookplate of like the scale increase or reduction of the plan of a geographical the movement of the earth and the immobility of the Sun’, it was value, the calculation of interests and the arithmetic subdivision Ricasoli Firidolei to verso of t-p. In modern folding box. area, the translation of prices from one currency to another ac- this frst Latin edition of ‘Dialogus’ which introduced Galileo’s of armies on the battlefeld. Te Latin edition includes a 50- cording to their relative value, the calculation of interests and the ground-breaking theories to the international scholarly com- page commentary by Bernegger, who had been encouraged by Very good copy of the second edition—the frst with the plate—of arithmetic subdivision of armies on the battlefeld. In his letter to munity changing the history of Western science. Te world-re- the Elzeviers to undertake this translation and commentary. this major work in the history of computing. Te world-renowned the reader, Galileo stated that his ‘compasso’ would allow ‘anyone nowned symbol of Renaissance scientifc progress, the Italian symbol of Renaissance scientifc progress, the Italian astronomer to solve in an instant the most difcult arithmetical operations’ astronomer and physician Galileo (1564-1642) was professor I) USTC 2074478; Brunet II, 1462; Riccardi I/1, and physician Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was professor at Pisa without being skilled mathematicians. at Pisa and Padua, and the inventor of scientifc instruments 512; Tomash & Williams G4; Honeyman IV, 1409; PMM 128 (1632 ed.). G. Galilei, Dialogue Concern- and Padua, and the inventor of scientifc instruments like the like the thermoscope (an early thermometer) and, most famously, Tomash & Williams G12; Brunet II, 1462: ‘très rare’; Hon- ing the Two Chief World Systems, forward by A. Ein- thermoscope (an early thermometer) and, most famously, a more a more powerful telescope with which he frst identifed, among powerful telescope with which he frst identifed, among other eyman IV, 1395; Riccardi I/1, 506: ‘buona edizione’. Not in stein (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964). other major discoveries, Jupiter’s four moons. His support of he- II) USTC 2100564; Riccardi I/1, 507; Tomash & Williams major discoveries, Jupiter’s four moons. His support of heliocen- BM STC It. C17 or Smith, Rara. liocentric theories and Copernicanism caused him accusations G19; Honeyman IV, 1409. tric theories and Copernicanism caused him accusations of her- L3014 of heresy against which he was summoned to defend himself in esy against which he was summoned to defend himself in front front of the Inquisition. Originally published in 1632 as ‘Dialogo K159 52 53 CRUSADE AGAINST THE TURK rich of the Palatinate (d. 1559) and Joachim of Brandenburg (d. in place of a removed sale catalogue cutting. 48. [GREGORY XIII]. 1571), Philip II of Spain (d. 1598), Albrecht of Brandenburg, Archbishop of Mainz (d. 1545), and the Swabian noblemen, the 3. Max and Maurice Rosenheim (brothers, and 1849-1911 and Bulla de cruzada...a estes Regnos de Espana.. Graf von Helferstein and Freiherr zu Gundelfngen (presumably 1852-1922 respectively) of London: their bookplate and library [Spain, n.pr.], c.1573. the town from which the scribe took his name). label (with “A3 / 19”) inside upper cover. Teir extensive collec- tions of Renaissance and Baroque works of art was dispersed in £4,500 Provenance: six sales, with the sale of their library in Sotheby’s, 9 May 1923, the present book as lot 103. Folio broadside, 42.4 x 30.4 cm, 106 lines, Gothic letter. Deco- 1. Andreas Gundelfnger (d. 1605), who served as master-scribe rated initial, woodcut arms of Gregory XIII (the Boncompagni and calligrapher to Albert V, duke of Bavaria (reigned 1550- 4. Maggs Bros., cat. 46 (1924), no. 84, pur- wyvern) and crucifxion scene at head, woodcut Jerusalem cross 1579) as well as the duke’s court mathematician. Gundelfnger chased by them in the Rosenheim sale. within oval at foot. Browned, edges untrimmed, little spotting or became a burger of Nuremberg in 1569, where he was apparent- 5. Karl und Faber, Kunst und Literaturantiquariat, Munich, dust-soiling to corners, minor repair and tear to folds touching ly still living in 1580. Tis volume dedicated to his students: “Zu their sale catalogue of 21-22 September 1943, no. 33. letter, wax seal covered with paper slip. A good copy, contem- gueter gedechtnus unnd zu zondern gefallen seinen schulern und porary annotation, printed signature of the Bishop of Segorbe. discipuli hat Andreas Gundelfnger Rechenmaister da selbs diese 6. Bernard Breslauer, cat. 109, published on the occasion of the schriften geschrieben” in 1576, above his monogram and motto ninetieth anniversary of the frm of Martin Breslauer, New York A rare document in Spanish approved in Madrid—unrecorded in “Nul penna sed usus” (‘not the pen, but its use’) and the date of (1988), no 14. major bibliographies—reproducing a papal bull promising plenary indulgence for the year 1573 to all who complied with its require- ments. It was specially addressed to residents of the Spanish terri- tories, including the kingdom of Sardinia. Indulgence was granted to whoever joined as a soldier the war against the Turks—then fo- cusing on the conquest of Cyprus—to religious institutions who con- tributed to the subsistence of soldiers, or to lay people who, even in groups of three or four, could raise what was needed to pay for one soldier. Confession and remission of sins were ofered to those who repented sincerely and visited fve churches or altars within or without the walls of Rome, according to the list provided at the end. Tis copy was acquired by ‘Donna Jeronima’ who contributed 18 golden ‘reales’; the use of ‘donna’ denotes her condition as lady of standing, in charge of a household—an interesting insight into the market for indulgences in C16 Spain.

Only one copy recorded in Spain. Not in Palau, Norton or Wilkinson.

L3031 49. GUNDELFINGER, Andreas. Pattern Book of Calligraphic Specimens for his Pupils, in German and Latin, illuminated manuscript on vellum. [Nuremberg, 1575-1576].

£49,500 “1575” in gold. Another slim volume by the same scribe, dated 162 by 225mm, 10 leaves (plus 2 nineteenth-century endleaves at each end), complete, 7. Ladislaus ‘Laszlo’ von Hofman (1927-2014), executive 1572 and entitled “Kurtze unnd gruenntlich getrewe Anweisunge the original codex collation: i- ii4, and this with two singletons bound in at end soon after vice-president of World Bank’s International Finance Corp. and mancherley form Teutscher unnd Latinischer handtshriften wie the production of the original codex (these leaves with individual inscriptions identifying Washington based fnancier; his book collection sold in 2010 in die aus den rechten Fundamenten dern Geometrischen Regelen the scribe and noting his position in Bavarian court), written in black, red and liquid gold Christie’s as the ‘Arcana Collection’, this part II there, 27 Octo- gelenet und geubt werden sollen ...”, was sold by Sotheby’s, 16 May ink in Fraktur, Kurrent and Kanzlei scripts, some leaves trimmed at top slightly afecting ber 2010, lot 17. penwork, some thumbing to margins; nineteenth-century green morocco, gilt-tooled 1955, lot 109, re- emerging in Quaritch, cat. 742 (1955), no. 10. with central four-pointed designs and scribe’s monograms, these within rollstamped J.W. Bradley, Dictionary of Miniaturists, Illuminators, Cal- 2. William Bragge (1823-1884) of Shefeld, a civil engineer frame of foral design with gilt buds at corners, gilt turn-ins, small bumps to edges. ligraphers and Copyists, London, Quaritch, 1888, II, p. 74, and antiquarian, whose primary collections centred on books noting the volume contains “exquisite specimens of penman- These displays of the scribal virtuosity of Andreas Gundelfnger are remarkably fnely execut- on tobacco and smoking equipment, but who built up a sizeable ship”. manuscript library; dispersed in Sotheby’s, 7 June 1876, with the ed and delight the eye in their use of gold and swirling penstrokes flling the available space K142 on the page. Te texts here are the alphabet, the Latin hymn “Jesu nostra redemptio” with a present book as lot 123. Probably acquired by him in Germany: full-page initial, and a series of sample texts noting Augustus of Saxony (d. 1586), Otthein- nineteenth-century pencil notes in that language on frst endleaf 54 55 50. HAMOND Walter. Greek below and his History then in existence. Ralph Higden, of the same monas- monogram either A Paradox. Prooving, that the inhabitants of the isle called Madagascar, or St. Laurence, ...are the happiest people in the world. tery, who died before 1360, amplifed this compilation, entitling side of Reynes’ de- the work, ‘Polychronicon,’ and this, judging from the numerous London, for Nathaniell Butter, 1640. vice, “Tomas and copies still extant, had a very extended popularity. In 1387, Tre- Isabella Hervey” £9,500 visa, Chaplain to the Earl of Berkeley, translated the Latin of and Willaim Her- Higden into English prose. ... Nearly a century later, Caxton FIRST EDITON. 4to. Two parts in one. pp. [xxxviii]. A4(-A1) B4 D-F4. Roman letter. small woodcut or- vey in early mss. revised the antiquated text of Trevisa, which, together with a nament on second title, foriated woodcut initials, typographical headpieces and ornaments, woodcut tail- at head of title, re- continuation of the History to the year 1460, was fnished on piece. Light age yellowing, cut close in upper margin, trimming the odd headline, other margins good, pa- peated on blank July 2nd, 1482, and printed soon after. Caxton entitled his con- per faw in lower blank margin of Leaf B. A good, unsophisticated copy, stab bound, in limp vellum, recased. hh6 verso, long note tinuation ‘Liber ultimus’ and it is most interesting as being the in a contemporary only original work of any magnitude from our Printer’s pen. .. First edition of Hamond’s fascinating account of the island of Madagascar; sent by the East India Company to assess the feasibility of hand on verso of Caxton tells us very little of the sources of his information. He colonising the island, Hamond produced these two reports. Te frst comprises a description of the island, its climate and indigenous aa3 (blank), oc- mentions two little works, ‘fasciculus temporum’ and Aureus people while the second relays the benefts it would have to ofer as an outpost for servicing the company’s ships en route for the Persian casional marginal de universo’, from which, however he certainly obtained but lit- Gulf and the Far East. “Hamond, author and explorer, published a translation of Ambroise Paré’s ‘Methode de traicter les Playes note in a near con- tle material for his ‘Liberultimus’ which treats almost entirely faictes par Harquebuses et aultres batons a feu,’ 1617, 4to. He was in the service of the East India Company, and was employed by temporary hand, of English matters.” William Blades ‘Te Life and Typogra- them to explore Madagascar and report on the advisability of annexing the island, of which he gave a glowing description.” DNB the word ‘Pope’ or phy of William Caxton, England’s First Printer ..., Volume 2.’ Hamond spent four months on the island, as a surgeon. However his treatise portrays an exaggerated prospect of it, stating that “for ‘Papacy’ crossed wealth and riches, no Island in the world can be preferred before it. As for gold, silver, pearle and precious jems, questionlesse the out in places, modern bookplate on pastedown. Light Island is plentifully stored with them... great quantities of Aloes... the frst fruits of a most plentifull harvest, which is better than the age yellowing, a little ofsetting or ink smudging in places gleanings of America”. “Early descriptions of Madagascar and it’s vegetation illustrate the kind of attractions that tempted colonisers (originally too heavily inked), title and verso of last frac- and traders to undertake arduous voyages to the island in pursuit of advancement. Walter Hammond, .. spent some time on Mad- tionally dusty, small scattered single worm holes in plac- agascar in 1630, (and) published a pamphlet in 1640 entitled ‘A paradox....’... He drew attention to its strategic use as a useful port es, occasional thumb mark or spot. A fne fresh copy, crisp of call to and from the East Indies, and to the fertility of its soil. By this time, Hammond had resigned his post in the company and and clean, in early C19th diced Russia, covers bordered was clearly writing tracks to encourage rivals to challenge his monopoly. His next attempt, ‘Madagascar the richest and most fruitful with a double gilt rule, blind rules and rolls to a panel de- island in the world’ (1643), also makes a strong case for colonisation.” Margarette Lincoln. British Pirates and Society, 1680-1730 sign, blind feurons to corners, spine with gilt ruled raised bands, richly worked in blind in compartments, title gilt “In his desire to present Madagascar and its allegedly primitive peoples as a semblance of the Garden of Eden, lettered, a.e.g. a little rubbed at upper joint and extremities. Hamond’s writing can be seen as a precursor of the eighteenth-century salute to the noble savage” (ODNB). A fne, fresh copy of the frst illustrated edition of the Polycron- A very good copy of this fascinating pamphlet one of the earliest descriptions of Madagascar. icon, this “cornerstone of English prose” (Pforzheimer) translat- STC 12735. ESTC S103773. ed by John Trevisa, and edited with a continuation by William Caxton. It is a reprint of Wynken de Worde’s 1495 edition with L2519 the addition of several woodcuts and omission of the date of Wynken de Worde’s edition at end. Written by the Benedictine INTERESTING PROVENANCE monk Ranulf Higden (d. 1364) the Polychronicon “ofered to the 51. HIGDEN, Ranulf. educated and learned audience of fourteenth-century England a Polycronycon. clear and original picture of world history based upon medieval tradition, but with a new interest in antiquity, and with the early Southwark, by my Peter Treueris at ye expences of Iohn Reynes, 1527. history of Britain related as part of the whole” DNB. Higden’s £59,500 work, divided into 7 books and extending to the year 1348, was originally written in Latin. Te English translation is by John de Trevisa, who continued the coverage to 1357. Te 8th book was Folio. f. [L] (the last blank), CCCxlvi [i.e. CCCxlvii], [i]. 2a8, 2b-2h6, a-y8, z6, A-S8, T6, U-X8. Black letter, in double col- added by William Caxton, whose name appears on R6r, when umn, without catchwords. Woodcut title page, printed in red and black, with large woodcut of St. George slaying the dragon, in 1482 he printed Trevisa’s translation with extensive revisions incorporating Reynes’ monogram device (McKerrow 55), a woodcut crown at head, white on black woodcut below with profle portrait of Henry VIII, Royal Arms at left, Arms of the City of London at right, all repeated, joined together, on verso of last, “Few of Caxton’s books have excited more interest and research “It is clear that the English language production was (Hodnett, no. 2489), large woodcut of a battle with woodcut borders on verso of fol. 182, nine smaller cuts from six blocks in than the ‘Polycronicon.’ It appears to have had its origin with very signifcant for Caxton. Tis was probably not be- text, (Hodnett, no. 2490-2496), “the music cut, recto fol 101, when used in the 1495 edition of this book was the earliest mu- Roger, Monk of St. Werberg, in Chester, who about the begin- cause Caxton was more than usually devoted to his na- sic printing in England” Pforzheimer. Charming woodcut border for colophon (McKerrow & Ferguson. 12), woodcut white ning of the 14th Century, made an extensive compilation in tive language. Tere were good economic reasons for his on black crible' initials, “Robertus Churchus” in a near contemporary hand on title (Robert Church), with his inscriptions in Latin from several of the old Chronicles and Works on Natural choice. Tere was an international market for books in 56 57 Latin, so if Caxton had printed Latin books, he would have been competing with some of the biggest publishers of his time. also featured essays on animals, fshes, birds, stones, gems, and metals. Te ‘Gart der Gesuntheit’, printed by Johann Prüss in 1509, frst made Tis would have been difcult to do successfully from England, on the margins of Europe. European printers also produced this extra material available in German, as a supplement to ‘Herbarius’. books in Latin specifcally for English use. Tis demonstrates the strength of European book exports to England. Caxton left to others the production of texts to be used in universities or monasteries throughout Europe. Instead he concentrated on books in Te 400 attractive woodcuts were made after the blocks of Prüss’s ‘Gart English, where there was little competition.When he printed Ranulph Higden’s Polycronicon, in John Trevisa’s translation der Gesuntheit’, which had been originally cut for his 1496 edition of of 1387, he updated the ‘rude and old englyssh, that is to wete certayn wordes, which in these dayes be neither vsyd ne under- the Latin ‘Hortus’. Tey portray common animals and exotic creatures standen’ [rude and old English, that is, to wit, certain words which nowadays are neither used nor understood]. Caxton asso- drawn from C16 travelogues, classical mythology, and the Bible. In his ciated old usage with a lower social standing, calling it ‘plain and rude’ and implying that it was suitable for ‘rude’ men. Te attempt to depict them to the life, the artist blended nature and inven- opposite is called ‘polished’, ‘ornate’, or ‘curious’. He was also acutely aware of regional variations. We saw him referring tion to visualise mirabilia like the ‘monachus marinus’ or ‘monoceron’, to his own Kentish background in the preface to his frst translation, another theme which recurred at the end of his life.” BL half fsh-half monk. Te lively scenes from everyday life which illustrate the fnal section represent the processing of stones, gems, and metals. “Peter Treveris (alternatively known as Peter of Treves), a native of Germany, worked primarily in Southwark, London, closely Te cuts are charming, striking, and generally in very good impression. pursuing his business partnership with Wynkyn de Worde between 1521 and 1533. Treveris published many books for de Worde... Several of his publications can be linked to commissions from patrons such as Robert Wyer and Bishop John Fisher.” Vassar Col- Te ‘Gart der Gesuntheit’ is divided into four parts and subdivided into lege library. At his workshop in Southwark, he issued some 30-40 books, chief of which, was the present edition of the Polycron- chapters listing the characteristics of most animals and stones as well icon. Brunschwig’s “Noble Handiwork of Surgery,” the frst printing of the infuential “Grete Herball,” and John Skelton’s “Mag- as their medicinal ‘efects’. In the frst part, everyday creatures like the nyfycence,”. “Treveris also shared with Wynkyn de Worde most of the printing of Richard Whittington’s scholastic works.” DNB lamb and the viper share the pages with the mythological amphisbaena and the more exotic elephant (efective for the treatment of poisonous Te work has most interesting provenance; Willian Hervey was a member of the landed gentry and a member of Parliament under bites and fuid in the brain). Among the birds in the second part are James I. His son “[Tomas] Hervey is said to have ‘ventured his life ... in the service of the King and country in the time of Charles the Arabic phoenix and the nightjar (for bleary eyes). Te third sec- I’, but he does not seem to have played a conspicuous part in the Civil War. During the Interregnum he occupied himself with court- tion on fshes features the most extraordinary woodcuts, like those of ing his future wife, (Isabella) who was living in Bury St. Edmunds, but it was eight years before he was able to marry her. He was the dolphin (useful against recurring fever), half human-half fsh, and knighted either by Charles II in exile, or soon after the Restoration, and seems to have run the family estate after his father’s death in the triton, half fsh-half knight in armour. Fascinating chapters on as- September 1660, ... Tis responsibility, however, did not prevent Hervey from buying a seat on the navy board from Lord Berkeley of bestos (against burns), arsenic (for the treatment of sexual diseases), Stratton in 1664 for £3,000. His colleague Samuel Pepys found him ‘a very droll’ drinking compan- and petroleum (for backache) complete the book in the fnal section. ion, but disapproved of his working habits, particularly his absence during the plague. In November 1666 Pepys wrote that he “begins to crow mightily upon his late being at the payment of tickets; but Yale, Huntington, NLM, and JHL copies recorded in the US. a coxcomb he is and will never be better in the business of the navy.” Te History of Parliament. Nissen ZBI 4727; K121. Not in BM STC German, Brunet, Bech- ESTC S119426. STC 13440. Pforzheimer 490. Grolier Langland to Wither 121. Steele Eng. er, or Fairfax Murray. See Arber, Herbals, their Origin and Evolu- Music printing no. 10. Ames 751 “splendid and rather un- tion, p. 32; Becher, A Catalogue of Early Herbals, pp. 11-28 (does not mention this edition).

common impression” Lowndes 1067. K121 K151 CONTEMPORARY LADY’S EX LIBRIS SUPERBLY ILLUSTRATED GERMAN HERBAL 53. JEROME, Saint. 52. HORTUS SANITATIS. Vitae sanctorum patrum, sive Vitas patrum, in English: Te lyf of the faders, translated by William Caxton. Gart der Gesuntheit, zu Latin Ortus sanitatis. Westminster, Wynkyn de Worde, [before 21 August] 1495. Strasbourg, Balthasar Beck, 1529. £85,000 £29,500 FIRST EDITION thus. Folio. fve parts in one. f. [viii], lxxxxiii, lxxxiii-CCCxlvii. 2A8, a-o8, p6, q-x8, y10, z-2t8, Folio. 144 unnumbered leaves, a6-z6 A6. Large Gothic letter, double column. 400 1⁄4 2v-2x6. (lacking vv 5+6 and xx6). Black letter, double column. Small woodcut initials, xylographic white on black title page attractive woodcuts (4 on t-p) of animals, plants, and the processing of stones, ‘Vitas Patrum’, full-page woodcut of St. Jerome in his study (Hodnett 800. see fg. 22), repeated as frontispiece to all gems, and metals. General light age yellowing, marginal spotting, edges a bit dust-soiled, fve parts, 165 column width woodcuts (repeated from 39), “Iste liber constat domina Joanna Regnas Veritas Vinsit a few small marginal tears. Very good, well-margined copy recased using older vellum. omnia, deus caritas est” in a youthful contemporary hand in red ink with large pen-work initial ‘I’ and “IHS” above, inscriptions washed and erased from margins of rr6-7, manuscript note in C19th hand on fy, noting a copy from Superbly illustrated, rare second edition of this German text on medicinal knowledge and the natural Torpe’s catalogue in 1826 at a price of £59 with reference to Ames, autograph in pencil of ‘Rev. J.F. Russell’ below. world. Te ‘Gart der Gesuntheit’ is based on the ‘Hortus sanitatis’ (1491), a most important ency- Light age yellowing, title remargined at fore-edge just touching xylographic title, upper outer blank corners of Aa2 clopaedia of natural history, which was itself an enlarged edition of the German botanical book ‘Her- and 3 restored, just touching a few letters of prologue on verso of Aa2, small stain in upper blank margin in places, barius’ (1485). In addition to treatises on herbs and their medical uses from ‘Herbarius’, the ‘Hortus’ margins with some very minor occasional spot, dust soiling or thumb mark. A fne copy, crisp and clean, in beautiful 58 59 until Caxton died in 1492, at which point Wynkyn took Philippi in Lyons in January 1486, which is probably the edition Caxton refers to in his prologue as the copy he followed for over the business. Te illustrations for his Vitas Patrum his translation, and again by Du Pre in Paris on June 8, 1486. De Worde commissioned forty woodcuts: the full page draw- are particularly important as one of his earliest series of ing of with Jerome and thirty-nine single column rectangular drawings. .. Twenty fve of de Worde’s thirty-nine single-col- woodcuts: “Among the frst cuts that De Worde commis- umn woodcuts and the full-page frontispiece of Jerome are more or less versions of Du Pre’s, and another fve .. are loosely sioned are those in the Vitas Patrum.” (Hodnett p. 9). related to his. However de Worde uses only about half of Du Pre’s sixty-two designs, and his own designer substitutes nine drawings not to be tracked to Du Pre.” Sue Ellen Holbrook. ‘Story, Picture, and Reading in Wynkyn de Worde’s Vitas Patrum. “‘Vitas Patrum’ or the ‘Lyf of the olde Auncyent holy fad- ers’, is a compilation of lives of the desert fathers (or eastern Tis frst edition of Caxton’s translation is particularly important as it was his last, his most mature work, and is most saints) attributed to Saint Jerome, translated into English revealing in terms of the evolution of his use the English language, something that helped set the standard form of Eng- by William Caxton in 1491 shortly before his death, and lish in use today. “Te year before his death, Caxton claimed that he had adapted a new technique for translation .. he published by Wynkyn de Worde in 1495 when he had solid- explains that some had criticised him for using “over-curyous termes whiche coude not be understande of comyn peple.” ifed his overseer-ship of the Caxton press. Te emergence Tis probably refers to his tendency to transfer French words basically untranslated into his earlier works. He also notes in 1495 of de Worde’s edition, a volume of 735 pages with his task is made more difcult by the fact that there is no standard form of English and that the language varies from shire 170 pictures, signals his recognition that an English Vitas to shire. To strike a balance, he says he will “reduce and translate” in a style “not overrude ne curyous” but “in a meane Patrum would be welcomed by the buyers of books issuing bytwene bothe”. A passage from ‘Of the Chylde Orphenym’ in the ‘Lives of the fathers’ seems to confrm this method. Te from the Caxton- de Worde publishing house in Westmin- English style, which reads more like a fairy tale than a saints life, is rich in words with Old English of Germanic roots ster – men and women, lay and religious, aristocratic and (‘worthe’, ‘troothe’, ‘wyte’, ‘lever’) though French/Latinate words such as ‘tresoress’ and ‘orysons’ create a balance – as merchant. De Worde’s Vitas Patrum, twenty-seven copies of Caxton said – ‘between rude and curious.’ Although his word choices may have shifed somewhat, he nonetheless retains which still exist, is a magnetic subject for study: it is the only his word-for-word approach to translating.” Valerie Hotchkiss. ‘English in Print from Caxton to Shakespeare to Milton.’ form in which Caxton’s translation is available, it is one of de Worde’s frst independent productions, it is a vernacular Te work is inscribed with a remarkable, elaborate and most intriguing contemporary manuscript ex- collection of saints’ lives distinctive from the more famous libris, in red ink, with a large penwork initial, with motto below, almost certainly the frst owner of the Legenda aurea, and it is one of the most prolifcally illus- work. We have as yet been unable to identify the “Domina Joanna Regnas” – presumably Lady Joan- trated of Caxton’s and de Worde’s books. .. Te illustrations na Reynes – but this was a very grand and expensive book to fnd in a young girl’s library in the C15th. are critical to the articulation of the printed text and also to Te beautifully worked binding is by Christian Samuel Kalthoeber. Te Bl has several examples of his bindings with the the process of reading supported by the design. De Worde’s dark blue straight grained morocco by Christian Sam- identical corner-piece design of pointillé tools. One such example is BL shelf mark c19d10, a Kalhoeber binding on picture cycle stems from that in an edition of the French uel Kalthoeber circa 1800, covers bordered with a sin- another hugely important incunable, the frst work printed in Italy; the Cicero, De Oratore, printed at Subacio in 1465. gle gilt and double blind rule with blind dentelle bor- translation published frst by Jean du pre and Nicholaus der, Kalhoeber’s distinctive curved edge corner-pieces A stunning, most important, and exceptionally rare Eng- with semée of gilt pointillé and small tools, spine with lish incunable; one of the fnest productions of Wynkyn de double, gilt ruled, raised bands, upper, lower and two Worde and the frst edition of Caxton’s last great translation. central compartments with fnely worked ‘spiders web’ BMC XI 197. GW M50906. Bod-inc H-116. ISTC ih00213000; design flled with gilt pointillé and small tools, gilt circles to corners, title and date gilt lettered in compartments, Gof H-213.Ames II 89. “Tis is one of Wynkyn de Worde’s most magnifcent typographical productions.” Duf, E. Printing in England edges gilt ruled, inner dentelles gilt, marbled endpapers, in the Fifteenth Century. small loss of leather to lower outer corner of lower board, fractionally rubbed at extremities. In folding cloth box. K167

A wonderful copy of the exceptionally rare, most impor- 54. [JULIUS II]. tant, beautifully and profusely illustrated and remarkably Indulgence. Contra los moros de Africa. designed frst (and only early) edition in English of this pop- [Toledo?, Juan de Varela?, c.1509-10]. ular collection of the lives of the Desert Fathers, translated into English by the great William Caxton, his last transla- £7,250 tion, and one of his major works. First published in Latin in 1475, Caxton’s translation was based on a French edition Small folio, single sheet, 19.5 x 27.5, 52 lines, Gothic letter. Woodcut printed at Lyon in 1486/7 by Nicolaus Philippi and printed ‘IHS’ stamp and printed signature of Bishop of Mallorca at foot. Little Jean du Pré. According to the colophon, Caxton completed toning, mostly marginal light stains and minor marginal repair, wax seal this translation on the last day of his life. Probably original- covered with paper slip. A good copy, one-word inscription on verso. ly from Holland, Wynkyn de Worde met Caxton in Cologne Loose, in modern folder, crushed purple morocco gilt, with slip case. in 1470, and accompanied him back to England in 1475. He then worked in Caxton’s printing shop in Westminster Very rare vernacular papal indulgence, in Catalan, addressed to those who 60 61 had come into illicit possession of goods which could no longer be re- and on Euhemeristic theories explaining why pagan gods were rather posthumously deifed humans. Lactantius conceived ‘De stored to their owners. It was unused, as the spaces for the purchaser’s opifcio Dei’ as a defence of Christian truth during Diocletian’s persecutions, and wrote ‘De ira Dei’ against Epicurean and Stoic name were left blank. Tis appears to be a variant of Norton 1074, beliefs. Te poems ‘Phoenix’, ‘Carmen de Dominica Resurrectione’ and ‘Carmen de Passione Domini’ are no longer attributed in which the words ‘tan luny’ are instead printed as ‘ta uluny’. It was to Lactantius; the frst inspired the famous, namesake Anglo-Saxon poem. Tertullian (155-240AD), of whom little is known, probably produced by Juan de Varela, who was entrusted with the was born in Carthage and was probably a lawyer and priest. He became one of the earliest defenders of Christianity against pa- printing of indulgences at the monastery of San Pedro Mártir in Tole- gan cults like Gnosticism; he was also the frst writer in Latin to use the word ‘trinity’. Tertullian’s ‘Apologeticus’ discussed key do (Norton 1074), which, together with that of Santa Maria de Prado theological questions like the nature of Christ and the devil, the kingdom of God, the Roman religion, and why pagan deities in Valladolid, held the privilege for the printing of ‘bullas de Cruzada’ should not be considered ‘gods’. Tis Aldine work only appeared, very appropriately, bound with Lactantius’s critique of pagan- and other indulgences (Norton, ‘Printing in Spain’, 6, 17). It stated ism. Unlike in the frst Aldine edition of 1515, it is here recorded in the initial t-p and its pagination integrated in the register. that those who possessed ‘goods illicitly acquired or earned’ from people Rénouard 113:2; BM STC It. p. 366; Brunet II, 736. unknown or no longer traceable could receive an indulgence by contrib- uting money towards the expense for the war against ‘the moors of Af- L2714 rica’, at a time when Selim I was engaged in civil war against Bayazid THE FIRST PRINTED HUNGARIAN EX-LIBRIS II and his son Ahmed for control of the empire. Among the types of illicit possession listed were simony (the illicit sale and purchase of 56. LUCIAN OF SAMOSATA. ecclesiastical benefces which could not be accumulated), payment for false testimony and alms acquired by pretending to be a beggar or poor. Deorum dialogi numero 70. Strasbourg, Johann Schott, 1515. Norton 1074. Not in Wilkinson or Palau.

L3036 £3,950 4to. f. 84 unnumbered leaves, a-x 4 . Roman letter, with Greek. T-p, titles and initials of a 2-3 in ATTRACTIVE C16 BINDING Te handsome bind- red and black; decorated typographical border to left margins of text; decorated initials. Lower part of t-p painted with two 55. LACTANTIUS. ing was made in cen- horizontal red stripes, occasional slight marginal foxing, some faint waterstaining to upper inner and lower outer corners tral-northern Italy. and inner margins at gutter, light browning to a few ll. and last gathering. A very good copy in a contemporary vellum wallet Divinarum institutionum libri septem. [with] It resembles a Bo- binding, upper cover with sewn-in repair, traces of label and small worm trail, small hole to folding cover, another with trac- TERTULLIAN. lognese binding in de es of sewing to spine, lacking two binding cords but sound, spine lined with faded (probably C15) ms. Ex-libris in red ink Marinis II, 1270 bis. ‘Joannis Talirasy posomensis Liber 1515 ei[que] exibitur ab optimo (?) Mag [ist]ro Cris: Borb[onius?]’ and later casemark Apologeticus adversus gentes. ‘XXXXIII.K22’ to t-p, early printed armorial bookplate of Hans Teilnkes von Prespurg, a few early marginalia in two hands. Venice, in aedibus haeredum Aldi et Andreae soceri, 1535. Very good, well-mar- gined editions of Te handsome printed armorial ex-libris belongs to the bibliophile Hans ( János) Teilnkes, citizen of Breslavia (or Presburg), £3,950 these milestones of then in Hungary and now in Slovakia. It was probably printed in Nuremberg, hence the Germanisation of his name into Hans, early Christian apol- 8vo. Two works in one, f. (xii) 328 (xvi) 47 (xliii). Italic letter, and is reputed to be the frst ex-libris ever to be used in Hungary. Tis copy probably never travelled far from Breslavia. It was ogetics, edited by the occasional Roman and Greek. Printer’s device to t-p and recto originally a prize book given to the student Joannis ( János?) Talirasy by a teacher probably named Christophorus Borbonius. monk and humanist of last. Light age browning in places, heavier to pre-penulti- Onorato Fascitello A very good copy of fascinating provenance of Lucian of Samosata’s satirical masterpiece against the traditional representation of Greek mate gathering, some slight marginal foxing, tiny worm trails (1502-64). Born in deities, translated into Latin and edited by the humanist Ottmar Luscinus. Originally from Syria, Lucian (c.125-180AD) was a Hel- to lower outer corner of frst few ll., faint water stains to some Numidia, Lactanti- lenistic author renowned for his very successful, mordant works in prose, poetry and dialogue form, inspired by the philosophical current of margins, small ink spot to fol. 317 obscuring a few letters, us (c.250-325AD) the Cynics and their indiference towards received conventions. ‘Dialogues of the Gods’ teased the portrayal of Greek gods and goddesses occasional contemporary marginalia. A very good, well-mar- moved to Greece immortalized in Homeric poems, with both a complicit yet disenchanted eye. It features 75 dialogues between deities and heroes of the gined copy in handsome contemporary probably Bolognese where he taught rhetoric and converted to Christianity. After heavens, sea and underground, including Jove, Prometheus, Neptune, Hermes, Apollo, Bacchus as well as nymphs. For instance, the goatskin, traces of ties, a few wormholes to covers, blue edges resigning his post to escape Diocletian’s religious persecutions, Cyclops Polyphemus complains with his father Neptune about how Ulysses blinded him in his sleep in Homer’s ‘Odyssey’; after mocking faded. Blind-tooled to a triple-ruled panel design, panel bor- he lived in poverty until he became advisor to Emperor Con- his son’s incompetence, Neptune concludes ominously that, although he may not be able to cure blindness, he has full power over mari- der with interlacing foral branch, centre panels with blind- stantine. Te main focus of his works is the criticism of pagan ners; and Ulysses ‘is still navigating’. As proved by the provenance of this copy, in the Renaissance Lucian’s works were deemed useful for tooled ivy leaves to corners and rhombus-shaped centrepieces cults and the formulation of a coherent Christian theology. the education of youth for their engaging content and brilliant style. A great promoter of the teaching of Greek in Strasbourg, Luscinus with feurons. Spine in four compartments, blind-tooled dou- ‘Institutiones divinae’ was the frst attempt at a large-scale the- explained in the preface how he had been taught Greek on Lucian’s ‘Dialogues’. Widely translated, Lucian’s writings infuenced Euro- ble-ruled border and cross-hatched single-rule decoration to orisation of Christianity in Latin; it was later turned into an pean authors including Shakespeare and Marlowe, and inspired fundamental works of Western thought like Tomas More’s ‘Utopia’. each, raised bands with blind-tooled single rule, a few worm- ‘Epitome’. Te owner of this copy was interested in Book I on holes, loss to three compartments. Inscriptions ‘Ex libris Only Harvard and KU copies recorded in the US. ‘false’ religions. He highlighted sections on pagan deities and ferd. di Gasparina (?) 1707’, ‘Festina lente’, ‘Est de Neapolj’ BM STC Ger., p. 530; Brunet III, 1208. Not in Dibdin or Légrand. demi-gods in Greek and Egyptian cults—e.g., Mercury (or (both contemporary) to t-p, early erased inscription ending Toth), the Sibyls, Hercules Africanus, Apollo and Jupiter— L2592 in ‘nativitati dñi 1558’ to fol. 258, occasional early annotation. 62 63 57. MAC AINGIL, Aodh. word at the heads of chapters and pages, implying that in the OUTSTANDING SURGICAL ILLUSTRATIONS on bloodletting and cauterization. Pietro Paolo Magni (b.1525) Scathan shacramuinte na haitridhe ar na ĉuma don ḃrát[air?] Holy Name of Emanuel they began that work, chapter, or 58. MAGNI, Pietro Paolo. was a barber-surgeon from Piacenza; he served in the army ḃoŕ dord San Froinsias.... page’.” Clóliosta – ‘Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies’. and later moved to Rome. As liminal fgures between academ- Discorsi sopra il modo di sanguinare. ic and popular medicine, barber-surgeons were concerned with [Louvain], Iar na chur a ccló maille ré húgdardhás, 1618. “Domestic conditions made establishment of a Gaelic press in Rome, [B. Bonfadino], 1586. [with] the ‘cleanliness of the body’ as well as ‘bloodletting, also with the Ireland impossible. It fell, therefore, to the fedgeling Irish colonies use of leeches, treating wounds, cauterizing them, pulling out £19,500 Discorso sopra il modo di fare i cauterij. in Europe to organise a print response to the Protestant ofen- rotten teeth, etc., so that...their art [was] subordinate to the Sci- FIRST EDITION. 12mo. pp. [xii], 581 [i.e. 569], [xliii]; sive. Te Franciscans were already familiar with the products Rome, B. Bonfadino , 1588. ence of Medicine’ (Garzoni, ‘Piazza Universale’, 825, 856-57). of the Protestant press and even deigned to use them.... In 1611 Like all barber-surgeons, Magni was only licensed to practice *6, A-3F6. Gaelic letter. [Louvain type A] Title within ty- £6,500 pographical border, ‘Emanuel Telaph’ within typographical the Irish Franciscans cut the Gaelic front and set up a printing external (surgical) not internal (medical) treatments, the lat- press in Antwerp, which is soon moved to Louvain. It was in ornaments, small woodcut initials, woodcut tail pieces, mss FIRST EDITION of second. 4to. pp. (xii) 117 (i); (xii) 82 ter including the administration of pharmacopoeia; trespassers order to help the youth and others in Ireland against the false prayer in Latin on verso of last fy, “Joachim compensis” in (ii). Roman letter, with Italic. 1: engraved architectural t-p of this theoretical line, most often denounced by disappointed doctrine of other religions that the Franciscan press produced early hand below. Light age yellowing some browning in with putti holding wreaths above and two surgeons at centre, patients, were fned and even imprisoned (‘Barbieri e comari’, a small number of catechetical and devotional texts. Teir cir- places, title a little dust soiled, light occasional waterstain- 11 full-page engravings of bloodletting scenes; 2: woodcut 162). Magni’s vernacular manuals urged barber- surgeons to culation appears to have been limited to the Gaelic-speaking ing. A very good, entirely unsophisticated copy in contem- architectural t-p with putti holding wreaths, full-page wood- be as professional and exact as possible. Te frst work was en- community then resident in Flanders though there is evidence porary limp vellum, darkened and a little soiled, in morocco cut author’s portrait to verso of +6, 20 full-page or smaller tirely devoted to bloodletting, discussing procedures, instruments that they also circulated in manuscript form in Ireland. Only a backed folding box, HP Kraus book-label loosely inserted. woodcuts of medical instruments; woodcut printer’s device (lancets or leeches) and problem-solving (how to prevent pa- small number of publications came of the Irish press.. and be- to last, and decorated initials and ornaments to both. Var- tients scared of bloodletting from having a fatal panic attack). tween 1619 and 1641 the press does not appear to have been Exceptionally rare frst edition of the frst original work by a liv- iable marginal foxing, few ll. slightly browned. Very good, It also examined the benefts or dangers of cutting into specifc used at all. .. Te meagre production was due, in part, to f- ing author in Irish. Te few works printed in Irish appearing clean copies, plates in excellent impression, in contempo- veins, e.g., midwives knew that bloodletting from the saphenous nancial constraints, which exacerbated existing problems of prior to this were the Bible, liturgy, or translations. Tis is one of rary vellum, traces of ties, title and shelfmark inked to spine, vein in the foot could cause a miscarriage. Te handsome en- composition, printing, and distribution. Low literacy rates in a small group of books from the frst press to print and promote ‘n.64’ to upper cover, slight detaching at head. C19 inscrip- gravings, attributed to Adamo Ghisi and here in outstanding Irish were a factor and it seems Irish speakers who learned to Irish writing in the vernacular. Te press was an outgrowth of a tions ‘Antonio Balcesi’ and ‘roma cottae(?) giuli 7 1⁄2’ to front impression, frst appeared in 1584 (Sander 267). Te scarcer read tended to become literate in English only.” Raymond Gil- concentration of scholars skilled in Irish and other languages at pastedown, C17 inscription ‘Pyrrhi Bizarrinij Ph(?) et Med: second work was devoted to cauterization through the use of lespie. ‘Te Oxford History of the Irish Book, Volume III.’ St. Anthony’s, the Franciscan college at Louvain, which acquired Sen: Bibliotheca adscripsit’ inked to lower margin of t-p. scorching iron instruments (or a smaller iron screw for younger the press in 1611. Tough their primary purpose was to train patients), illustrated with detailed woodcuts, to heal wounds to “Te Franciscans, for example, were at the forefront of the priests for the Irish and Scottish missions, they also published Very good, clean copies of these scarce Italian surgical manuals the head, eyes, nose, teeth, mouth, neck and limbs, as well as the drive to print devotional works in Irish for the Gaelic speaking literary works for a wider Irish audience, later using commercial part of the Irish catholic church. .. And not only the language publishers (after the demise of this press). Mac Aingil [or Mac- involved but also the format of these particular works indicate Caghwell] came from an old Irish family. He was born in Co. their intended audiences .. such smaller works were more easi- Tyrone and early in life entered the service of Hiugh O’Neill, ly hidden on the person... In Ireland, where possession of such earl of Tyrone, as tutor to his sons. In 1604 in Spain he entered recusant works could prove dangerous, it made sense to produce the Franciscans, and in 1606 went to the Spanish Netherlands clandestine works in these smaller formats”. Crawford Gribben. where he helped set up the Franciscan College in Louvain, and ‘Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700.’ played an active role in Irish spiritual and intellectual life. For the publication of this work the author used his Irish name Aodh ESTC S2226. STC 17157. Allison & Rogers, Catholic 489. Mac Aingil, although the Latin form of his name is given at the Allison & Rogers Counter-Reformation II, 507. Bradshaw end of the book. Te title means ‘A mirror of the sacrament of 8612. Shaaber M4. Bradshaw 8612. Best, 248. McGuinne, penance’, and the work is devotional in nature. “Although this 35 acknowledged James I as the rightful ruler of Ireland, it also L2981 identifed Ireland as a Catholic nation and demonstrates a very modern sense of national consciousness. Moreover, the work is a prominent example of how the literary language of contemporary Irish poets was used to produce a readable prose text” ODNB.

“Te word ‘Emanuel’ serves as an invocation or prayer. An- other example on a Louvain book is the obscure phrase ‘Ema- nuel Telaph’ on the titlepage of Scathan shacramuinte (1618). Te use of Emanuel as an invocation can be found in Irish manuscripts as far back as the twelfth and thirteenth centu- ries. ... ‘It was customary with the Irish scribes to use that 64 65 stomach and spleen. Instructions were provided for the treatment of diferent wounds and the resulting burns from cauterization, WITH THE RARE MAPS depending on the diferent body tissues involved. Paying customers were severe critics of incompetent barber- surgeons who had 60. NORDEN, John. to redo a bloodletting cut or had caused pain during procedures; patients might also demand their money back in case of treat- ments gone wrong (‘Barbieri e comari’, 166). Hence the major importance of Magni’s manuals—written, as he says, ‘upon the Speculum Britanniae. Te frst parte, An historicall & chorographicall discription of Middlesex. request of both patients and surgeons’—for the practitioners of a fundamental profession in the history of early modern medicine. [London, printed at Eliot’s Court Press], 1593.

Pirro Bizzarrini (f. 1610s-1630) was a Tuscan physician, later professor of theoretical medicine at Pisa and of Botany at Siena. £7,500 Tis copy was used by him at Siena. FIRST EDITION. pp. [viii], 48, [iv]. [A]4 B-G4 H2. (lacking H2, fnal leaf with commendatory verses, text complete) 1) Brunet III, 1298: ‘ouvrage curieux’; Mortimer, Harvard C16 It., 267; NLM 2906; Wellcome I, 3960. Not in BM STC It. Roman and Italic letter, three double page engraved maps, engraved architectural title by Pieter van den Keere, with fgures or Sander. at sides with surveying instruments, royal arms above, dedication to Elizabeth I with her full-page engraved arms on verso, woodcut armorial illustrations, historiated woodcut initials, typographical ornaments, early manuscript annotations, mostly 2) Mortimer, Harvard C16 It., 268; NLM 2907; Wellcome I, 3963. Not in BM STC It. Sander. G. Pomata, ‘Barbieri e com- faded but those on verso of engraved title with some show-through, library stamp of the ‘Lawes Agricultural Trust’ on paste- ari’, in Medicina, erbe e magia (Milano, 1981), 162-83 down. Light age yellowing, a little minor marginal dust soiling, the occasional spot, map of Middlesex with small ink stain. A L3185 good copy in modern calf, covers double blind ruled to a panel design, spine with two raised bands, morocco label gilt in long.

59. MALDONADO, Juan. ian professor Juan Maldonado, strongly identifed sorcery with First edition of this very rare work unusually complete with three most important engraved maps and plans of London, Middlesex and Westminster. Te map depicts Middlesex, and the two plans show London and Westminster, the former within a border of coats- Traicte' des anges et demons.. Mis en françois, par maistre heresy, endorsing a witch-hunt as complementary to a campaign of- arms of the great twelve Livery Companies. “Te map (of London)is fanked by the arms of the twelve great livery companies and François de La Borie.... to eradicate Protestant heresy. Even Catholics who opposed the League, such as Queen Catherine de Medici (1519-1589) features title at the top with royal and city arms. Te scale bar is at top right and a key to inns, churches, halls and other prominent Rouen, chez Jacques Besonge, 1616. and King Henri III (r. 1574-1589), were often portrayed as places feature in a panel below the plan. Te map was intended for countrymen visiting the city and was reissued in 1623 and 1653 with enlarged tables of reference.” BL Nordens work was innovative as it was based entirely upon his own surveying and not on £4,950 demonic witches. (Italians such as Catherine, numerous and unpopular in France, were also frequent targets of witchcraft ac- 12mo. f. [8]-242. ã8, [A-V12, X2.] Roman letter, side notes cusations.) Te only major sixteenth- century French demonolo- in Italic. Engraved printer’s device on title, woodcut ini- gists to stand outside this tradition were France’s only Protestant tials, head and tail-pieces, ‘collegii soctis Jesu Nivellis’ in an demonologist, Lambert Daneau, and Bodin, who despite his early hand at the head of the t-p. Light age yellowing, t-p promotion of witch-hunting did not identify witches and Prot- dusty, minor light waterstain in lower margin in places, the estants.” William Burns Witch hunts in Europe and America. odd mark or spot. A good copy, in contemporary vellum over thin boards, yapp edges, title ms. on spine. lacks fys “In his famous sermons about the nature of angels and Demons, given at the College of Clermont in Paris 1572, Maldonado, who Rare popular edition of this important and most infuential was generally praised and accepted as a theological authority, an- treatise on Angels and Demons by the Jesuit Juan Maldona- swered the question, ‘si les corps peuvent estre changez en diverses do, frst published in 1605 in this French translation, though formes par les démons?’ In citing well-known examples from clas- the lectures from which the work derived started in 1571. Te sical literature, the Jesuit explained that Demons conducted meta- work was particularly infuential; two of the most important morphosis in three diferent ways; As a real mutation as when the Catholic demonologists, Martin del Rio and the witch-hunting Egyptian sorcerers had changed their stafs into serpents. How- magistrate Pierre de Lancre, were among Maldonado’s auditors, ever, for Maldonado it remained impossible for demons to trans- and both drew heavily on him in their own demonologies. Tis form a human body in such a material way because of its soul and French translation, by Francois de La Borie, brought the work reason. Tus the demons achieved metamorphosis either as an to a much wider audience. “Juan Maldonado, a Spanish Jesuit, apparition, which deluded both the enchanted and the bystander, was appointed in 1565 to the chair of theology at the College of or as a delusion which deceived only the enchanted. Maldonado Clermont, a recently founded Jesuit institution in Paris. ... In the stated that disbelievers in the facts of lycanthropy and shapeshift- academic year 1571-1572, Maldonado gave a series of lectures ing acted like Calvinists who denied transubstantiation. Once on demons. Tese lectures were given on Sundays and holidays and for all the Jesuit labelled all sceptics of shape-shifting as here- to maximize attendance and employed a simple Latin so that tics and blasphemers.” Willem de Blécourt. ‘Werewolf Histories’. more people could understand them. Maldonado presented de- Caillet, 7043. ‘Curieux traité d’Angéologie et de la Démono- monology in terms of the religious struggle between Catholics and manie.’ Not in BM STC Fr. C17th or Brunet. Calvinists then convulsing France, emphasizing the connections between heretics, witches and demons. .. Much demonology com- L2783d ing from league supporters, such as the Spanish Jesuit and Paris-

66 67 previous maps. “Saxton’s younger contemporary, John Norden, importance was the Speculum Britanniae, frst part .. Middlesex bottom, and was able to attach a rope to the lost piece. Tis ex- plement, tc for tangent complement, and sec for secant.” DSB. is known for his panorama of London.. He was a surveyor by (1593); the MS. of this in the British Museum (Harl. 570) ploit brought him to the attention of the Bermuda Adventurers, trade and his Speculum Britanniae of 1593 includes important has corrections, &c., in Lord Burleigh’s handwriting. In 1595 he a company that planned to fnance its colonization of Bermuda Tis work is a mariner’s guide. It is the frst that provided practi- maps of Middlesex and useful plans of the cites of Westminster wrote a Chorographical Description of .. Middlesex, Essex, Sur- by exploiting the oyster beds that supposedly surrounded the is- cal help in all types of trigonometry and navigation. It is divided and London. Tese are original works – not based on earlier rey, Sussex, Hampshire, Wight, Guernsey and Jersey, dedicated lands. In 1616 Norwood joined them and sailed for Bermuda. It into three books. Te frst deals with plane trigonometry, the sec- maps – and invaluable for understanding the topography of to Queen Elizabeth; the MS. of this is in the British Museum, soon became evident that very few pearls were to he found, and ond with spherical trigonometry and the third with navigation. In Elizabethan England. .. Norden’s engraver was was Pieter van Addit. MSS. Norden’s maps of London and Westminster (in Norwood was then ofered the task of surveying the islands. He the spherical trigonometry section, he takes two basic formula de- der Keere. In Norden’s Speculum Britanniae a marginal index his Speculum Britanniae of 1593) are the best representations made several surveys between 1614 and 1617, and upon their vised by Napier and uses these as the basis for all his calculations. with a key of letters and numbers is used for the frst time in known of the English metropolis under the Tudors; his maps of completion he returned to London. .. Upon his return to London, Waters (Te Art of Navigation) describes this section as quite an English Map. Tis innovation makes sense in a work like Middlesex (also from the Spec. Brit. of 1593), of Essex (1594, Norwood taught mathematics and wrote a number of books on the ablest and most complete treatise on its subject yet published the Speculum which is not a Grand Atlas, but more of a guide 1840), of Hertfordshire (1598, 1723) and of Cornwall are also mathematics and navigation, which went through many editions. for the general public. Te fnal section on navigation deals with book, complete with foldout maps and information pertinent to noteworthy; in the last-named the roads are indicated for the His Trigonometrie, or, Te Doctrine of Triangles (1631), based plane charts, Mercator’s charts (at a time when the frst Merca- the traveller to London, such as a summary of the city’s history, a frst time in English topography.” Encyclopaedia Britannica . on the logarithms of Napier and Briggs as well as on works by tor’s chart of the Atlantic had only recently been printed), and list of parishes, descriptions of noteworthy landmarks, and praise Wright and Gunter, was intended essentially as a navigational sailing on a great circle route—something Norwood had made a of its merits as a city “most sweetly scituate upon the Tamis”” Te maps are well preserved and in particularly good impres- aid to seamen. In it Norwood explained the common logarithms, special study. Te problems used to illustrate this last book begin Valerie Hotchkiss, ‘English in Print from Caxton to Shakespeare sions. the trigonometrical functions, the spherical triangles, and their with elementary situations and advance to complex ones involv- ing things like a military vessel attempting to plot a course to to Milton.’ “John Norden (1548— 1625?), English topogra- ESTC S113229. STC 18635. Howgego 5.1. applications to the problems confronting the navigator. He posed pher, was the frst Englishman who designed a complete series practical problems of increasing complexity; his explanations intercept a pirate ship from information given by a third ship that of county histories and geographies. His earliest known work of L2972 were clear; and he enabled the navigator to determine his course had lost its compass. Te last half of the volume consists of tables with the aid of a plane or Mercator chart and the logarithmic of logarithms of natural numbers and trigonometric functions. CHARTS AND NAVIGATION tle. He tells in his Journal how, while forced to lay over for three and trigonometric formulas. He emphasized great circle navi- ESTC, S113369. STC 18692. Tay MP, I, #149; Hend BTM, weeks at Yarmouth, he went through Robert Record’s treatise on 61. NORWOOD, Richard. gation by giving the formulas involved and thus facilitated the, 27.0 arithmetic, Te Ground of Arts. So involved was he in studying calculations. ... Norwood was the frst to use consistently the trig- Trigonometrie. or, the doctrine of triangles:... Whereunto is mathematics that he almost forgot to eat and caught “a spice of onometric abbreviations s for sine, t for tangent, sc for sine com- L3017 annexed (chiefy for the use of seamen,) a treatise of the applica- the scurvy.” During the following years Norwood made several tion therof in the three principall kindes of sailing. voyages to the Mediterranean and on his frst trip was fortu- PRESENTATION COPY FROM ORTELIUS Earl of Pembroke’s hand. Very light age yellowing. Fine cop- London, William Jones, 1631. nate to fnd a fellow passenger with an extensive mathematical ies, crisp and clean, with beautiful rich impressions of the library, among which was Leonard Digges’s Pantometria. On 62. ORTELIUS, Abraham plates, in excellent red morocco gilt circa 1700, bound for £5,950 following trips Norwood himself took along mathematical books, Deorum dearumque capita ex vetustis numismatibus in gra- the Earl of Pembroke, covers bordered with a double gilt rule including Euclid’s Elements and Clavius’ Algebra. To retrieve a FIRST EDITION. 4to. pp. [viii], 39, [i], 128, [188]. A-H4 tiam antiquitatis studiosorum efgiata et edita. and pointillé roll, dentelle gilt roll at inner border, spine piece of ordnance that had fallen into the harbor at Lymington, (+-H3), I-Z4, &4, “[*]”2 chi2 2A-2I4 a-l4 m2. Variant Antwerp, ex museo Abrahami Ortelii, (Philippus Gallaeus with raised bands triple gilt ruled in compartments, richly Norwood devised a kind of diving bell, descended in it to the issue with “[*]1v contains errata; [*]2 is blank; chi1 is excudebat), 1573. [with] gilt with scrolled and pointillé tools, gilt edges, combed marble end-papers, a.e.g. extremities slightly rubbed. divisional title to “Ten chiliades”; chi2 contains errata.” SWEERTS, Francois. ESTC. Roman and Italic letter. Floriated woodcut initials, grotesque head and tail-pieces, typographical ornaments, XII Caesarum Romanorum imagines e numismatibus expres- An exceptional presentation copy of this beautifully engraved many woodcut mathematical fgures in text, tables of log- sae, et historica narratione illustratae. work from the celebrated cartographer Abraham Ortelius to his arithms, label of Harrison D. Horblit on pastedown, Er- Antwerp, Ofcina Plantiniana, 1612 (colophon: Robert friend, the humanist scholar from Bruges, Jan van de Casteels, win Tomash’s below. Light age yellowing, very rare and Bruneau, 1603). fnely bound for the library of the collector-statesman Tomas minor marginal mark. A very good copy, crisp and clean, Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke. Ortelius was one of the great in modern dark calf, spine with raised bands, double £16,500 Flemish cartographers, and creator of the frst modern atlas, the gilt ruled in compartments, red morocco label gilt, a.e.g. Teatrum Orbis Terrarum (Teatre of the World). Published FIRST EDITION of frst work. 2 works in one volume. in over 25 editions before 1600, his ‘Teatrum orbis terrarum’ Rare and important frst edition of this infuential work on trig- 4to. 1) 60 unnumbered ll.A-P4. 2) pp. 29 (iii). A-D4, last (1570) introduced maps into the everyday life of the early mod- onometry and mathematics especially for the purpose of navi- blank. Roman and Italic letter. Engraved title-page, 54 en- ern middle classes and changed the way European civilisation gation. “Norwood’s family were gentlefolk who apparently had graved plates, engraved title in second work, letterpress pub- understood world geography. He is known to have owned a col- fallen upon hard times; he attended grammar school, but at the lication details below, 12 engraved plates, presentation in- lection of around 2,000 antique coins, which provided the images age of ffteen was apprenticed to a London fshmonger. Te many scription from Ortelius to Joannes Castelius on lower blank of heads of gods and goddesses for this work. “It is well known seamen he met in London aroused his interest in learning navi- margin of frst title-page, erased autograph at head, pencil that during his lifetime Ortelius gradually flled his house with gation and seeing the world. Eventually he was able to switch his notes to the binder stating the covering material “Turkey” in substantial collections of various forms of art. He also accumu- apprenticeship to a coaster plying between London and Newcas- lower margin, and the wording for the lettering-piece “Or- lated a large library of printed books, books with maps, loose tel Ed. 1a.” in upper margin (rubbed and trimmed) in the 68 69 maps, portolan charts, manuscript 1513 and 1552 in twelve books. It received an English translation in 1658 by Henry Carey, Earl of Monmouth, an important Eng- maps and manuscript texts. .. Some lish interpreter of the works of Paruta, Campanella, and Boccalini... It is Paruta’s political treatises that are most infuential. In the of Ortelius’s library books, identifed Discorsi politici (1599, Politick Discourses – also translated by Carey in 1657), Paruta continues the debate opened by Machiavelli’s by his signature, have survived. .. it is Discorsi on the causes for Roman greatness, ofers explanations of his own, which often take issue with Machiavelli’s, and accentuates estimated that Ortelius owned about the importance of the mixed form of government he believed Venice to posses. Unlike Machiavelli, who emphasized a state’s estab- 5,965 maps and 3,514 books writ- lishment, the more conservative Paruta was most interested in its preservation. Tis book was an important source for Montesquieu’s ten by about 2,892 authors, making Considerations sur les causes de la grandeur des Romains et de leur decadence (1734).” Cassell Dictionary Italian Literature. Te books in the earl of Pembroke’s library at Wilton House his library one of the largest, if not the largest, private collection were all bound in this typical fashion in fne morocco; on the of books and maps in sixteenth-century Europe.” Marcel van den Clement VIII, born Ippolito Aldobrandini, was Pope from 2 February 1592 to 1605. He was renowned for his political astute- title-page are the earl’s pencil notes to the binder stating the Broecke. ‘Abraham Ortelius’s Library Reconstructed.’ Jan van de ness; perhaps the most remarkable event of his reign was the reconciliation to the Church of Henry IV of France, after long ne- covering material (“Turkey”) and the wording for the let- Casteels, (c. 1521-1581 or 1584) was a humanist scholar from gotiations, carried on with great dexterity through Cardinal Arnaud d’Ossat, that resolved the complicated situation in France. tering-piece above. Tis copy has a printed paper shelf-la- Bruges. He was also connected with the Plantin printshop, where Henry embraced Catholicism on 25 July 1593. After a pause to assess Henry IV’s sincerity, Clement VIII braved Spanish dis- bel at the foot of the spine with the location Gb 7. Te eighth some works of his were published in the 1570s. Tis work con- pleasure, and in the autumn of 1595 he solemnly absolved Henry IV, thus putting an end to the thirty years’ religious war. Te earl of Pembroke also had a signifcant collection of coins. sists of a series of ffty-fve engravings, depicting medallion por- connection between Paruta and the Pope was a real one as Paruta had been the Ambassador for the Republic of Venice to the Pope from 1592 to 1595. His negotiations with Clement VIII, though often difcult, had always been successful. In 1598 Paruta had traits of Ancient Gods and personifcations within richly worked A fne presentation copy of the frst edition of this wonderful been sent to Ferrara to “compliment” the Pope for his conquest of the duchy – which Venice, in fact, very much disapproved of. grotesque ornamental borders, after medals from the collection of engraved work, beautifully bound with tremendous provenance. Ortelius, preceded by a title-page and three pages of Latin letter- A magnifcent copy of this important frst edition. press; each plate is titled and has one or two lines of Latin descrip- 1) BM STC Dutch. C16th p. 162. Belgica Typographica tion within the image. Te second work is a reissue with a new ti- 2285; Berlin Catalogue 229. 2) BM STC Dutch. C16th BM STC It. C16th. p. 491. Gamba 1562 ‘Bel- tle-page of the sheets from the 1603 edition, originally published p.592 frst issue (1603) only. la ediz. in caractteri corsivi’. by Gerard de Jode ca 1565-69. Te plates are accompanied by L2367 L2802 a text by Sweerts and verse by Joannes Bocchius and Balthasar Moretus. Te grotesque borders are exceptionally fnely worked. FROM THE LIBRARY OF HENRY VIII? BOUND FOR CLEMENT VIII with gilt ruled raised bands, spines richly gilt in compart- 64. PHILIPPUS DE MONTE CALERIO. 63. PARUTA, Paolo. ments with small tools and corner- pieces, edges gilt hatched Dominicale fratris Philippi de monte Calerio and ruled, a.e.g. head and tail of spine very expertly and in- ordinis minorum. Discorsi politici. visibly restored, gilt work in upper and perhaps lower com- Lyon, sumptibus nobilis viri Balthasaris de Venice, appresso Domenico Nicolini, 1599. partment renewed, lower corners almost invisibly restored. Gabiano : industria vero et arte probi viri £18,500 A magnifcent copy, superbly bound in fne contemporary red Iacobi myt, 1515. morocco for presentation to Pope Clement VIII, with his arms £27,500 FIRST EDITION. 4to. 2 parts in one. pp. [xliv last blank], fnely painted on the covers, of the frst edition of Paruta’s most f. 12, pp. 13-350, [ii blank], 351-636, [ii]; pp 21, [iii last celebrated work on Politics. Te work was brought to press by 8vo. 352 unnumbered leaves. a8, b4, a-2f8, blank]. [*4, **4, a-b4, c6, A-2Y4, 2Z2, 3A-4N4; A-C4.] the author’s son, Giovanni, shortly after Paulo’s death in 1598. A-N8, O4. Gothic letter, double column. (lacking the two blanks after Nnnn4). Italic letter, some Ro- It gives an excellent overview of the political theories of a Vene- Small white on black foriated initials, book- man. Woodcut portrait of the author within roundel on title, tian, anti- Machiavellian statesman, and exerted a profound, plate of Robert S. Pirie on paste down his note fne historiated and grotesque woodcut initials, grotesque though not always recognised, infuence on the political science in pencil in upper right corner of frst blank head-pieces, woodcut ornaments, bookplate of Maurice of the seventeenth century: Paolo Peruta (1540-1598), entered “ex coll. Lord Astor”. Light age browning, t-p Burrus on pastedown, manuscript note concerning the bind- the service of the Serenissima whilst still very young, was a dip- restored at gutter, upper outer corner of frst ing in C19th hand on fy. Light age yellowing, frst few leaves lomat and senator, governor of Brescia and fnally Proveditor of and fnal leaves stained and some repaired not a little browned, some minor mostly marginal spotting, au- St. Mark’s (in 1596). Paruta was also an important Venetian afecting text, some edges slightly softened. A tograph rubbed from head of title leaving a few tiny holes. historian and political theorist. “Born in Venice of a noble family handsome copy in a splendid contemporary A very good, crisp, well margined copy on super-quality from Lucca, Paruta studied in Padua before returning to Venice London binding attributed to Richard Pynson thick paper, in magnifcent contemporary Venetian crimson in 1561, where he held many important diplomatic and politi- or John Reynes, light-brown calf over wooden morocco, covers quadruple gilt ruled with a central round cal positions for the Republic, including the post of city historian boards, covers triple blind ruled to a panel de- scroll to two panels, outer panel fled with a rich pattern of after the death of Pietro Bembo in 1579. Paruta continued this sign, upper panel flled with large panel stamp gilt hatched scroll tools, central panel with elaborate gilt cor- ongoing civic project but wrote his own contribution to the his- [Oldham, Blind-stamped Panels, HE. 26], the ner-pieces around a central oval with gilt foral border, arms of tory in Italian rather thatn Latin. His Istorie veneziane (1605, royal arms of Henry VIII, supported by a grey- Clement VIII gilt at centres painted in white and blue, spine the History of Venice) treats the events that occurred between hound and a dragon, sun and moon to upper 70 71 corners, lower cover with large panel stamp [Oldham, Blind- pastedown of all three vols. Light age yellowing, occasional light browning, with some minor spotting, small loss to blank outer stamped Panels, RO. 21] Tudor rose above the pomegranate margins, restored at an early date, from quires 5V to the end in notes and index of the third vol, with some heavier water-stain- of Catherine of Aragon, surrounded by a scroll held by two ing and spotting. Generally good, clean, copies in handsome late C18th calf, covers bordered with a gilt scroll, ‘lyre’ feurons gilt angles, with the legend “Hec rosa virtutis de celo missa sereno: at corners, spine gilt in compartments with triple gilt scrolls, gilt lettered, with blind rose feurons, marbled endpapers, a.e.r. Eternu(m) forens regia sceptra ferret,” spine with three large raised bands, blind ruled in compartments, title manuscript Te ‘Celebrated and magnifcent’ (Dibdin) frst complete edition of the frst published and probably foremost work of philosophy on the fore-edge, brass catches, remains of clasps, head and tail of the ancient world, ‘it has been truly said that the germs of all ideas can be found in Plato’ P.M.M. cit inf. It was also by far of spine expertly repaired, small split at head of upper joint. the best edition until modern times as well as the frst edition of the translation of Jean de Serres and of many of the glosses and e.p.s. replaced. Author’s name inked laterally on fore-edge. scholia. All subsequent editions in fact derive from it. By Renaissance standards Plato was a best seller: his two dominant themes, the quest for the truth and for human improvement held enormous appeal for the nearly modern mind. Tis edition was also re- Rare Lyon edition of this work in a superb, beautifully pre- sponsible, with the Tesaurus Grecae, for its editor’s Henri Estienne’s reputation as one of the great literary and scholarly fgures served contemporary English binding with the panel stamps in of the C16 – the preparation of the Greek text for which this edition is above all valued was entirely his work. Tis copy is com- fne states of preservation. Tese two panels, closely associated plete with the dedications to Elizabeth I, James VI and the Canton of Berne – their absence is the works most common defect. with Henry VIII, are always found together and are recorded on thirty-six books, those dated ranging from 1502 to 1531. “For two centuries [Estienne’s edition] remained the indispensable instrument of Platonic studies: to this day its pagination is universally “Hobson has much to say about these panels. From the fact accepted as the standard system of reference to the text of Plato.... For the translation Estienne discarded the old standard Latin version that Reynes’s unsigned roll which is not known on any book by Fincino, and commissioned an entirely new one by John de Serres... Of all Henri Estienne’s publications the Plato is perhaps the most after 1520, never appears with them, but that his signed roll, lavishly decorated... it is the only publication in which Estienne used his entire series of decorative headpieces, numerous woodcut initials, which he did not acquire before that year, does on fve examples, culs-de-lampe, and a striking elaborate title-device specially designed for this edition and making its only appearance here...” Schreiber. he concludes very reasonably that Reynes was not the original Renouard 145:1, ‘cette édition a toujours été en grande estime...les beaux exemplaires sont rares.’ Brunet IV 695 ‘Belle édition, owner of these panels, the more so since on eight of the earlier plus recherchée pour son texte et pour les notes de H. Estienne...les exemplaires...se rencontrent difcilement bien conservés.’ examples 1502-12, rolls not otherwise associated with Reynes, Dibdin II ‘Tis work has long been considered as a very valuable acquisition to the libraries of the learned, and for its its are used with them. Hobson’s conjecture is that the frst owner magnifcence and variety of critical material must be always held in estimation.’ Printing and Te Mind of Man 27 (1st edn.). of the panels was Pynson. Clearly, however, the binder of the strong pastoral interpretation. On top of that, his sermons had Schreiber 201. Adams P 1468 eleven now known copies of the Assertio with these Panels was a proto-humanistic penchant to them that might have endeared L2720 Reynes, for four of them bear his signed roll. And it must be pre- them to the eyes and ears of ffteenth-century religious scholars. sumed, as Hobson argues that these were bound as presentation Filippo was born at Moncalieri (near Turin), and entered the copies to persons English or foreign, of distinction. At least three, order in the Genoa province. He ended his life as penitentiary ILLUSTRATED TRAVELS one formerly in the English college at Rome, one in the library of of the S. Pietro basilica in Rome. In the prologues to his suc- 66. RAMUSIO, Giovanni Battista. Bologna University, and one in the Royal library at Windsor, cessful Postillae, he promised to compose a volume of Sermones Delle navigationi et viaggi...Volume primo. (with) Delle navigationi et viaggio... Volume secondo. (with) Delle navigationi et viag- bear Henry VIII’s signature.” Oldham p. 36. Bindings with these et Collationes Morales, yet these do not seem to have survived. gi...Volume terzo. panels in such a fne state of preservation are extremely rare. ... Te earliest printed edition of the complete Sunday sermon cycle appeared in 1490” Bert Roest. Franciscan literature of Venice, Giunta, 1613, 1583, 1606. “Te Italian lector Filippo di Moncalieri (d. ca. 1344) is yet Religious Instruction before the Council of Trent. Te next edi- another important fgure in fourteenth-century Franciscan tions were three published at Lyon of which this is the second. £39,500 homiletics. He compiled in the early 1330s for his students at Folio. 3 vols. f. I) (iv) 394; II) 256, 90; III) (iv) 430. Roman letter, with Italic. Wood- the Franciscan study house of Padua two large sermon collec- Very rare edition of these sermons a remarkably preserved contem- cut printer’s device to t-ps and last of II) and III), over 40 woodcut illustrations of in- tions, namely the Postilla super Evangelia Domenicalia and the porary English panel binding in remarkable state of preservation. habitants, fora and fauna of Asia, Africa and America, 12 woodcut or copperplate maps Postilla super Evangelia que Leguntur in Quadrigesima. Both USTC 155262. Baudrier 7 26. Gültlingen II 122 28. Adams (10 fold-out including Brazil, Cuzco and Sumatra), decorated initials. Slight main- of these sermon collections had considerable success in the later P 1023. Hobson, Blind-stamped Panels, pp. 32-34; Oldham, ly marginal foxing or faint dampstaining, little light age browning, the odd thumb or medieval and the early modern period. Filippo’s sermons were Blind-stamped Panels, HE. 26 and RO. 21, ill. plates XXI ink mark. Very good copies, on thick paper and of fne impression, in early vellum over especially sought after by Observant homiletic practitioners, not and XLI; I pasteboards, rebacked and recornered c1900, traces of ties, gilt lettered morocco label. in the least because his sermons combined complete commentar- K89 ies on the Gospel readings for the Sundays in question with a Remarkably crisp and clean copies of one of the most important collections of voyages and discoveries, beautifully illustrated. As here, most recorded sets are composed of diferent editions and those like 65. PLATO. FIRST COMPLETE EDITION, folio, 3 vols., pp (xxxvi) 542 this featuring the most complete editions of each of the individual volumes are rare. 1583 is the frst : (viii) 992 : (viii) 416, 139 (i). Greek and Roman letter, double Opera quae extant omnia. complete (and augmented) edition of vol. 2, and 1606 and 1613 the only complete ones of vols. 1 and column, smaller printed side notes. Printer’s woodcut device 3 (Brunet, IV, 1100-1101), adding for example the travels of Barents and Federici for the frst time. [Geneva], Henri Estienne, 1578. within ornate woodcut border on frst title, grotesque wood- cut ornaments on others, fne large foriated and grotesque £5,750 Born in Treviso, Giovanni Battista Ramusio (1485-1557) worked as secretary and envoy to woodcut initials, head and tail pieces, early mss. shelf mark on Alvise Mocenigo, having access to the latest information on expeditions and travels of exploration 72 73 reaching Venice from abroad. First published by 67. RECORDE, Robert. Presumably because of circumstances in Ireland, he laid charges Ludovico Giunta in three separate volumes be- Te grounde of artes: teaching the work and practise of arith- against the Earl of Pembroke. Doing this proved to be a strate- tween 1550 and 1565, ‘Delle navigationi’ was metike. gic error because whatever the truth of the situation, Pembroke a collection of the frst-hand Portuguese, Span- was a powerful nobleman. Recorde lost his case and in turn was ish, Greek, Dutch (all translated in the Italian London, Henry Binneman and John Harison, 1575. sued for libel by Pembroke. Being unable to pay the judgment of vernacular) and Italian accounts of voyages to £24,000 £1,000 against him, he was put into the King’s Bench prison, Asia, Africa and America published up to that where he died a year later. A summary of this sad tale was writ- time, illustrated with bespoke maps—the frst 8vo. f. [251]. A-2H8, 2I4(-2I4). Black letter, some Ital- ten by a former owner on a blank page just before the beginning work of its kind. Te frst volume is mainly de- ic and Roman. Historiated and grotesque woodcut initials, of the text on arithmetic. Record is known to have published a voted to ‘countries which have been known for woodcut tailpieces, very numerous woodcut diagrams and number of textbooks on mathematical subjects and at least one 300 years’, e.g., from Africa (and the kingdom tables in the text, several full page, including a full page ta- on medicine. He is said, by others, to have had several more in of Prester John) to the Eastern Indies. Te sec- ble on the use of fnger numerals, “I am John Heales Arith- manuscript that are now lost. He is most famous for his mathe- ond features the accounts of Marco Polo on the metike 1664′′, manuscript on at foot of title, “W. Milton” in matical books and is usually considered as the founder of English Tartars and China (with the frst mention of tea an early hand above, price at head, 10 line manuscript biog- mathematical writing. He was a scholar of Latin and Greek who in Europe), as well as notices on Persia, Arme- raphy of the author on blank B8v in an early hand, Erwin attempted to fnd appropriate English terms for technical words nia and Paolo Giovio’s ground-breaking work Tomash label on pastedown. Light age yellowing, title and in those languages. His books were always logically arranged, on Muscovy. Te third is devoted to the world verso of last leaf a little spotted and dusty, minor marginal with the fundamental principles discussed before addressing ‘unknown to the ancients’—Columbus’s navi- spotting in places, the odd thumb mark or minor margin- more sophisticated questions. Recorde published his books in the gations, Cortéz and Pizarro’s expeditions, and al stain. A very good copy, in early C19th calf, covers bor- order in which he considered their study to be most appropriate. notices on Mexico, Peru and other American dered with a single gilt rule, spine with gilt ruled raised First came Te Ground of Artes, an arithmetic text, in 1543. kingdoms. In addition to engaging information bands richly gilt in compartments, green morocco title label Te Pathway to Knowledge, a translation of the frst four books on local fora, fauna, politics and customs, ‘Delle gilt, expertly rebacked, original spine laid down, edges gilt, of Euclid’s Elements, followed in 1551. Te Castle of Knowledge, navigationi’ provided accurate topographical inner dentelle with blind roll, a.e.r. extremities a little rubbed. an astronomy text, introduced the Copernican system to English information through handsome and innovative readers in 1556. Last in the sequence, Te Whetstone of Witte fold-out woodcut and copperplate maps illustrat- Very rare early edition of this most important mathematical was the second, more sophisticated part of his arithmetic and ing Cuzco in Peru, Nuova Francia (Newfound- work of the sixteenth century in England, with Record’s dedica- introduced the subject of algebra and equations in 1557. Tis land)—the second separate map of Northeast tion to King Edward, edited and augmented after the author’s volume, frst published in 1543 and enlarged for the edition of America—with the colony of Montreal (the ear- death by John Dee. It was the standard arithmetic textbook of the 1552, was written in the form of a dialogue between master and liest printed such topographical plan for North period, passing through numerous editions until 1673, long after pupil, proved to be very popular.. Te work was transitional in America), Brazil, Sumatra (the frst map of any the work should have been obsolete. Dee’s contributions were of a nature and considers arithmetic using Hindu-Arabic notation as island in South-Eastern Asia), Eastern Africa, practical nature, being sections on foreign exchange and on foreign well as the table abacus. Te frst edition covered the basic opera- one of the most complete maps of the West- weights and measures. Dee also added a long poem “I.D. to the tions and the conversion of money (i.e., reduction of pounds, shil- ern Hemisphere, and a plan of the Mexican earnest Arithmetician” in which he promoted his “Mathematical lings and pence into pence, etc.) and the rule of three (here called city of Temistitan. Trough their re-prints of Praeface” to Billingsley’s English translation of Euclid (1570). the golden rule). Te later editions included discussion of frac- 1606 and 1613, the Giunta capitalised on the Robert Recorde’s Arithmetic: or, Te Ground of Arts was one tions, the rule of false position and similar refnements. Tere is continuing commercial success of collections of of the frst printed English textbooks on arithmetic and the most also a small section on the use of fnger numerals. Extremely rare. travel writings epitomised by Richard Hakluyt’s popular of its time. Te frst edition of 1543 was preceded only ESTC S106509 (three copies only). STC 20801. Erwin To- ‘Principal Navigations’ (1589), the original by two other anonymous mathematical texts in 1537 and 1539. mash Library R 43 (this copy). model of which was, as it were, Ramusio’s work. Robert Recorde was born in Wales and attended both Oxford K162 I) USTC 851974; BL STC It. C17, p. and Cambridge. Little is known of his early life, but records show 720; Cordier III, 1939 (frst edition only); him graduating Oxford in 1531 and elected a Fellow of All Souls Brunet, IV, 1100-1101; Sabin 67735; Alden College shortly thereafter. He disappears until 1545, when he 613/108. graduated in medicine from Cambridge. Early in his career, he II) USTC 851974; Cordier III, 1939 (frst seems to have been physician to King Edward VI and Queen edition only); Brunet, IV, 1100-1101; Sabin Mary. Two years later he had moved to London, and by 1549 67738; Alden 583/59. he had been given the job of comptroller of the Bristol Mint. He III) USTC 4035955; Cordier III, 1939 (frst undertook a position supervising the mint’s silver mines in Ire- edition only); Brunet, IV, 1100-1101; Sabin 67739; Alden 606/87. land from 1551 to 1553. Evidently this enterprise was a fail- K128 ure in that the mines were unproductive and expenses high. By 1556, Recorde was attempting to reestablish himself in court life. 74 75 SCARCE ASTRONOMICAL CALENDAR the frst astronomical observatory. Whilst in Rome, summoned and male and female fgures in armour, 107 full-page or dience, ‘Kalendarius Teütsch’ was a con- 68. REGIOMONTANUS, Johannes. to assist with the calendar reform of Sixtus IV, he worked tire- smaller woodcuts (2 on thick paper) of personifed constella- tinuation of Regiomontanus’s original lessly to achieve a very sophisticated method to produce ephemer- tions and planets, zodiacal signs and astronomical diagrams German almanac of 1475, spanning the In laudem operis calendarij. [Kalendarius.]. ides. Tis Latin calendar was frst published as ‘Calendarium (one with two functioning volvelles in period colouring), red years 1513-30. ‘Starting in the 1470s, [Venice], ex ofcina Peter Liechtenstein, 1514. novum’ in Nuremberg in 1473; all editions followed a cycle of 19 or white on black woodcut initials. T-p a little dusty, out- above all in the cities of the Holy Roman years beginning in 1475, 1494 and 1513 (Houzeau-Lancaster er margin a bit trimmed, some thumbing, small repairs to Empire, the spread of popular astrology £29,500 14452). Prefaced by a celebratory poem of the humanist Jaco- upper blank margin of l1 and to text on l3 without loss, t-p through printed vernacular calendars, bus Sentini, the work begins with tables listing European regions and last reinforced at gutter. A good, clean copy, period-style prognostications, and medical tracts 4to. 26 unnumbered and unsigned ll. + 2 plates. Large Goth- and cities and their latitude in relation to the north pole, which modern calf. Contemporary ex-libris ‘S[wester] Karitas gärt- worked to undermine the qualitative variations of sacred and ic letter, in red and black, white on red and white on black the early annotator of this copy called ‘elevatio poli’. Subsequent nerin in der Pütrich Reglhaus’ to blank of t-p, inscription profane time, encouraging instead an approach to daily, season- initials. 48 small woodcut representations of eclipses, 4 full- annotations clarify the content of each column, abbreviated in dated 1546 to recto of fnal blank and two words to verso. al, and historical duration as regular and measurable, grounded page plates with quadrants to calculate hours (one with silk print, in tables in the natural regularities of the heavens’ (Barnes, ‘Reforming thread and a concerning the Tis rare vernacular astrology belonged to Sister Karitas Gärt- Time’, 66). Te ‘Kalendarius’ features tables showing the month- volvelle, an- days of each ner, a nun recorded in the Franciscan convent of Pütrich in Mu- ly calendar and saints’ days with the hours of sunrise and sunset other with its month (in- nich in 1516-40 (‘Bavaria Franciscana Antiqua’ III, and the position of the sun and moon, followed by astro- original, com- cluding reli- 291). Her sisters Susanna and Euphrosina nomical diagrams indicating eclipses and the posite brass gious feasts) in were scribes at Pütrich c.1520s- movements of the planets. Te ‘Instru- hand). A little relation to the 30s; the latter left a sim- ment of the Moon’, here complete thumbing, last rising and set- ilar inscription in with its original hand-colour- 3 ll. reinforced ting of the sun a couple of books ed volvelles in fne con- at gutter, a few and moon, (Schneider, ‘Die dition, shows its move- small worm and the as- Deutschen Hand- ments accompanied by holes touch- cending zodi- schriften’, 31, a quadrant for telling ing the odd ac sign. Tere 131). Although the hours of the day. letter, few ll. follow 48 Karitas’s hand, Te second part—dec- slightly foxed, woodcut dia- quite similar to orated with handsome contemporary grams show- Susanna’s, it has woodcuts of the zodi- annotations. ing the shape not been formally ac, personifed planets A very good, and duration identifed among and constellations— well-mar- of sun and the surviving mss explains their astral gined copy moon eclipses from 1483 to 1530. Te annotator was also inter- from Pütrich, she infuence (also on the in modern paper boards, modern bookplates of Harri- ested in the ‘golden number’ to measure movable calendar feasts, a probably held the human body) and po- son D. Horblit and Erwin Tomash to front pastedown. subject integrated by a short essay on the exact date of Easter. Te same role. Te sitions. An early C16 careful thumbing Fine, tall copy of this very scarce calendar based on Johannes Regi- last section is devoted to calculations of the length of days and hours nun, involved in the indicates the attentive omontanus’s ground-breaking studies on ephemerides and astro- and provides four woodcut quadrants—one remarkably pre- agricultural activities of and frequent reading nomical tables. Te almanacs and calendars of Regiomontanus served with its original brass dial—for use by the scholarly reader. the convent, would have that goes with the practi- (Müller von Königsberg, 1436-76) had been very popular since found this almanac fundamen- Only Huntington and Cornell copies recorded in the US. cal use of valuable reference the late C15. After studying at Leipzig and Vienna, he devoted tal to understand what and when to Houzeau-Lancaster 14452; Caillet 7855. Not in BM STC works. Te almanacs and cal- himself to mathematics writing commentaries on ancient texts of plant and harvest, following indications It., Riccardi or Brunet. endars of Johannes Regiomonta- algebra and astronomy. After service to the King of Hungary as on the winds, duration of daytime and agri- nus (Müller von Königsberg, 1436- royal astronomer, he settled in Nuremberg where he established K163 cultural activities in relation to planetary movements. 76) had been especially popular since the late C15, and a very small number are in the vernacular. After studying at Leipzig No copies recorded in the US. UNRECORDED IN US and Vienna, Regiomontanus devoted himself to mathematics BM STC Ger., p. 631 (1512 and 1518 Augsburg German 69. REGIOMONTANUS, Johannes. writing commentaries on ancient texts on algebra and arithme- eds); Graesse IV, 587 (1478, 1489 and 1496 ed.). Not in tic, and astronomy. After service to the King of Hungary as roy- Kalendarius Teütsch. Houzeau-Lancaster, Duveen or Cantamessa. R.B. Barnes, al astronomer, he settled in Nuremberg where he established the Augsburg, Johann Miller, 1514. ‘Reforming Time’, in Te Oxford Handbook of Protestant frst astronomical observatory. Whilst in Rome, summoned to Reformations (Oxford, 2017), 64-82. £19,500 assist with the calendar reform of Sixtus IV, he worked tirelessly to achieve a very sophisticated method to produce ephemerides. L3087 4to. 76 unnumbered ll., a-f4 g-i2 i-v4. Gothic letter, t-p and tables in red and black. T-p with woodcut border of grotesques Remarkably written in the vernacular to cater for a broader au- 76 77 al and the Pantheon Gotterano (the burial place of the kings of Spain). A scarce, exquisite collection of architectural etchings.

Although the engraved t-p is dated 1638, as in the frst edition, the number of plates in this copy refects the collation of the second (e. g., BL and Berlin Cat. copy).

Only UPenn and Columbia (both 1655 with 51 plates) copies recorded in the US.

Berlin Cat (2661). Not in Fowler, BL STC It. C17 or Brunet. Indice delle stampe de’ Rossi, ed. A. Grelle Iusco (Rome, 1996).

L3097h

RUSSIAN LITURGY IN CONTEMPORARY MOS- Cyrillic movable type was produced in 1564. Te second part COW BINDING was printed separately in the same year and usually bound sep- 71. [RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH]. arately. Derived from the Greek ‘Ochtoecos’, the ‘Okhtaich’ was a liturgical text of the Russian Orthodox rite. It features pieces Okhtaik, rekshe osmoglasnik [Part I]. to be sung at services each day of the week. Te number ‘eight’ in [Moscow, Pechatnyj Dvor, 1638]. the title refers to the subdivision into eight sections—of which this volume includes the frst four; each identifed by a letter (‘a’ to ‘и’) £7,500 corresponding to the ‘glas’ (musical mode) in which the songs were sung, as Russian liturgical chant constructed melodies around in- Folio. f. 459 + 2 ms. ll., lacking 3 blanks, ll. 1-11 of second dividual tones. Part I contains modes 1 to 4 (‘a’ to ‘д’). Te texts quire misbound, Part I of II, each printed separately. Old for daily vespers or matins include ‘stichiry’ (in psalmodic hexam- Church Slavonic, in red and black. Decorated initials and eters, some attributed to John of Damascus), antiphons, ‘kanoni’ headpieces. Slight age browning, heavy marginal oilstaining (odes with a more complex verse structure), ‘pesni’ (songs) and and thumbing, scattered wax stains, occasional minor mar- THE ARCHITECTURE OF RENAISSANCE ROME ‘troparia’ (hymns on the liturgical theme of the day). At the end is ginal tears, last gathering mounted on stub, some early mar- additional material often found in the ‘Okhtaich’, including Res- 70. ROSSI, Giovanni Battista de, LAURO, Giacomo. ginal repairs, small worm trails to gutter of frst gathering. urrectional Exaposteilaria and the Gospel Stichiry, and ‘troparia’ Palazzi diversi nel’Alma Cità di Roma. An intensely but carefully used copy in contemporary goat- for the Trinity and by Gregory of Sinai In this copy, there are two skin over bevelled wooden boards, two clasps, double blind Rome, ad istanza di Giombattista de Rossi, 1638 [1655]. additional ms. leaves containing four ‘kondiaki’ (modes ‘a’ to ‘д’)— ruled to a panel design, outer border with leafy tendrils in £3,500 blind, central panel of upper cover with large feurons at head Oblong folio. 51 superb engravings of palaces in Rome, Pavia, Venice and Madrid, includ- and foot and rhombus-shaped foral centrepiece within loz- ing t-p (dated 1638). T-p dusty, ancient repair to blank outer margin of frst few ll., slight margin- enge-shaped frame, lower cover with large feurons at head al soiling or thumbing, many edges untrimmed. A very good copy, well-margined, on thick paper,with plates and foot and double blind ruled grille de St Laurent with ten- in good, crisp impression. In contemporary vellum over boards, modern bookplates to front pastedown. drils, a.e.r. Spine in fve compartments, each with three large feurons in blind, raised bands, covers scufed. Early inked Superbly illustrated copy of the second, much enlarged edition of this famous and scarce collection of architectural engravings. Gio- numbers, Russian inscription and pencilled amateur por- vanni Battista de Rossi (1601-78) belonged to a family of printers and engravers operating, in open competition, between the traits of Mar [Mary?] and Sts Fëdor, Aleksej, Vladimir and workshops of Piazza Navona (his own) and via della Pace, run by his cousin Domenico. Giovanni Battista was the frst de Rossi Aleksandr to fy, later pencilled inscription ‘милостивому to publish views of modern Rome, in 1638, in a shorter version of only 22 leaves. Te engravings were made after those pro- государю (?)’ (‘to the egregious Master’) and num- duced by Giacomo Lauro (1573-1645?) for ‘Antiquae Urbis vestigia’ (1612-28), a collection of ancient Roman views expand- bers to rear pastedown, later inscription ‘креснѧ марia ed in 1628 to include modern palaces of the nobility. In 1650, Domenico issued his own collection entitled ‘Nuova Raccolta di сидоровна преставласъ кд ïюнѧ 1882’ (‘Kresna Palazzi Diversi’—reprising Giovanni Battista’s title—with engravings by Pietro Ferrerio; he published an enlarged version in [surname?] Maria Sidorovna died on 29 June 1882’) to ep. 1655, clearly in competition with Giovanni Battista’s second edition. In the second half of the C17 series of ‘vedute’, which could however be easily enlarged, became increasingly popular among collectors. Teir ‘exhaustive’ nature, pleasing to scholars and visi- Te austere binding reprises the design and structural ele- tors, was also steered by the collecting activity of noble families and the agenda of the Catholic Church, as well as changing tastes ments of those produced for liturgical books at the Monastery concerning modern versus ancient buildings (Grelle, ‘Indice’, 43-44). Te palaces include the Vatican complex, the Collegium of of the Trinity and St Sergius in Zagorsk, c.50 miles north- the Propaganda Fide, the Sant’Ufzio, the Cancelleria Apostolica and the palace of Cardinal Rocci, as well as the residences, de- east of Moscow, which set a standard for the genre from the signed by the likes of Michelangelo, of major families like the Farnese (exterior and interior), Medici (in Trinità and Piazza 1560s (Klepikov, ‘Russian Bookbinding to 1750’, 417-18). Madama), Cesi, Barberini, Boncompagni and Aldobrandini. Te views are mostly of elegant façades often decorated with family An intensely but carefully used copy of the frst part of the ‘Okh- heraldry, as one would see from the street. Some etchings, like the Capitol and the Farnese palace in Caprarola, are bird’s-eye taich’ (or ‘Okhtoich’ or ‘Охтаикъ, рекше осмогласникъ’ or views; others include passers-by, horse-carts and other fgures. Copies with a complete collation, like this one, also feature, despite ‘Октоих, Осьмогласник’) published in Moscow in 1638 by the theme marked in the title, views of the Duomo in Pavia, four of St Mark’s Square in Venice, the Monastery of the Escori- the Pechatnyj Dvor—the printing house where the frst book in 78 79 short hymns with a main body and a refrain (‘ikos’)—celebrating the Resurrection and sung at the Sunday morning service. Tis edition eries and in another commenting of the ‘Okhtaich’ does not contain the ‘kondiaki’, as sometimes happened when they were very similar to the ‘tropar’’ for the same day. on lands beyond the ‘terra cognita’ ‘Kondiaki’ for the Resurrection were used for the Paschal service and the owner of this copy probably wished to have them readily available. delineated by Ptolemy he mentioned new cartographic additions like ‘the No copies recorded outside Russia except BL (also Part I only). We have traced 5 copies in Russian libraries. western province of America near Zernova, Knigi kirillovskoj pechati,142; Cleminson, Cyrillic Books, 87; Pozdeeva, Katalog knigi kirillicheskoj pechati, 285- and partially under the Tropic of 87. Capricorn’. He certainly consult- ed Martin Waldseemüller’s world L2910 map of 1507, the frst to call the FINE CONTEMPORARY CALF a few places, slight browning with occasional faint marginal wa- new continent ‘America’, and the terstaining to couple of gatherings of second. Very good copies only one to include, like his full 72. RYD, Valerius. in contemporary Swiss calf, traces of ties, double blind ruled to passage, references to the Abbey of Catalogus annorum et principum geminus ab homine condito. a panel design, outer border with roll of female allegorical fg- All Saints founded by Columbus as Bern, [Matthias Apiarius], 1540. [with] ures and male and female fgures in various poses, centre panel well as mention of smaller islands with rolls of male and female half fgures in profle separated like St Marich and the Primeras. STÖFFLER, Johann. by ornamental designs, raised bands, spine double blind ruled I) BM STC Ger., p. 762; Brunet In procli Diadochi...Sphaeram mundi...commentarius. in fve compartments, large feuron in blind to each, very slight IV, 1473: ‘peu commun’; Graesse rubbing and worming, small repair at foot of spine, loss to Tubingen, Ulrich I Morhart, 1534. VI, 198. Not in Brunet. lower outer corner. Early casemark to front pastedown, ‘1302’ mers attributed to a Neoplatonic Greek mathematician. Howev- £9,500 inked to t-p of frst, titles inked to upper and lower fore-edges. er, ‘Commentarius’ presents Latin excerpts mostly from another II) Sabin 91983; BM STC Ger., p. 716; Houzeau & Lancas- ancient astronomical manual, Geminus’s ‘Isagoge’, discussing the ter 2449; James Ford Bell 538. Not in Brunet, Alden or Cail- FIRST EDITIONS. Folio. 2 works in 1, f. (vi) 48 (viii) Handsomely bound, fnely illustrated historico-astrological sam- let. C. van Duzer, ‘Te Reluctant Cosmographer: Johannes structure of the earth, the trajectory of the sun, the zodiac and 135 [136] (i). Roman letter, little Italic. Woodcut printer’s melband. Valerius Ryd (Valerius Anshelm, 1475-1546/7) was a Stöfer (1452–1531) and the Discovery of the New World’, constellations. ‘Catalogus’ is renowned for its cartographically device to t-p of frst, woodcut author’s portrait to last of sec- Swiss historian and the ofcial chronicler of the city of Bern—an Terrae Incognitae 49 (2017), 132-48. ond, c.100 woodcut portraits of princes, genealogies, biblical appointment he received thanks to the fame achieved with his ‘Cat- detailed references to the New World. For instance, in a para- K146 and historical scenes to frst, woodcut astrological schema to alogus’. Written c.1510 and widely circulated in ms., it is a history graph on oceanic navigation Stöfer mentioned Vespucci’s discov- second, decorated initials and ornaments. Minor marginal of the world ‘ab homine condito’ (from the Creation) to the early thumbing to frst t-p, scattered worm holes touching letter in C16, handsomely illustrated with biblical and historical scenes, he- EXTENSIVELY ANNOTATED, ILLUSTRATED ASTRONOMY raldic shields, portraits of princes and genealogical trees in the style 73. SACROBOSCO, Johannes de. of the Nuremberg Chronicle. Ryd relied on the tradition of ‘universal Sphaera mundi. [with] historiography’ dating back to Eusebius’s ‘Chronicon’ (4th centu- ry), which rooted the history of the world in the genealogies of Gen- REGIOMONTANUS, Johannes. esis from Adam and Eve. Te pivotal ancestor was Noah, whose Disputationes contra Cremonensia deliramenta. [and] three sons populated the world anew after the Flood—Japhet in Europe, Shem in Asia and Cham in Africa. Expanded by the Re- PURBACHIUS, Georgius. naissance scholar Annius of Viterbo, this view of history embraced Teoricae novae planetarum. ancient and present civilisations within an immense genealogical [Venice, Johannes Lucilius Santritter and Hieronymus de Sanctis, 1488]. network flling the gaps between Genesis and history with mythical fgures like Hercules, the Amazons and Gomer, and it identifed £29,500 the passing of history with the (often artifcial) linear progression of royal lines. Te genealogies of the Four Kingdoms of Daniel— 4to. 3 works in 1, 69 unnumbered ll., A10 B8 2B12 C8 D9 E-F8 G6, D10 apparently blank, lack- the empires of Babylon, Persia, Greece and Rome—are followed ing in all recorded copies. Roman letter, frst leaf in red and black, initials occasionally highlighted in by those of European princes and the succession of the Popes. A red. Handsome full-page woodcut frontispiece with female personifcation of Astronomy in majes- beautifully crafted instance of the early modern chronicle tradition. ty fanked by the muse Urania and Ptolemy, (above) starry sky with Sun and Moon, 1 full-page, 34 1⁄2-page (some hand-coloured) and over 50 smaller woodcuts of astronomical diagrams, woodcut Johann Stöfer (1452-1531) was a German astrologer, astrono- printer’s device to last leaf, extensive C16 annotations to frst half of text, decorated initials. A lit- mer and priest who taught at Tubingen—one of his students was tle marginal thumbing, ink splash to lower margin of B4, minimal marginal spotting, two tiny worm Philip Melanchthon—and produced globes and clocks for notables holes at gutter. A very good, well-margined, remarkably fresh copy in modern blue morocco, raised including the Bishop of Konstanz. Tis sammelband features his bands, gilt lettered spine, inner edges single gilt ruled, joints worn, a.e.g. Bookplates of Antonio Per- most important, posthumous ‘Commentarius’ to Pseudo-Proclus’s reño, Erwin Tomash and Helmut N. Friedlander to front pastedown, ‘W.M. Ivins 1923’ to fep. ‘Sphaera’—a major text on cosmography for Renaissance astrono- 80 81 MS. MANUAL FOR INQUISITORS 74. [SANT’UFFIZIO]. Practica Sancti Ofcii Inquisitionis ad usum Caroli Centurioni Consultoris Genue. Italy, c.1645.

£7,500

4to. pp. (vi) 155 (v). Brown-black ink in secretary hand, Italian and Latin, typically 18 lines per page. T-p ink ruled. Lightly smudged with slight ofsetting to fy and frst couple of ll., very minor margin- al foxing, the odd thumb mark. A very good copy in contemporary vellum over pasteboards. In slipcase.

A very good clean ms. copy of the ‘Practica ofcii Inquisitionis’—a generic title, with Latin and vernacular variants, for the ofcial manual of Inquisitors which circulated widely in ms. It includes the ‘Instructio pro formandis processibus in causis strigum, sortile- giorum et malefciorum’, instructions for the conduct of witchcraft trials composed and sometimes circulated independently. Other such mss. are recorded, e.g., 1MANOSSXX-169 in the Biblioteca Provinciale dei Cappuccini in Genoa, the city where this copy was also made and preserved. It was written c.1645 for Carlo Centurione, counsellor of the Inquisition, possibly a member of the major Genoese aristocratic family. Te terse and clearly-structured text introduces defnitions of ‘heretics’ and ‘suspected heretics’, what crimes they may be accused of, how they should be brought to court, questioned and punished, with references to papal bulls and the minutes of ecclesiastical Councils. Among the categories of heretics addressed are polygamists, sorcerers, blasphemers, keep- ers of prohibited books, priests who encourage people in the confessional to discuss their carnal sins with unholy intentions, infdels including Jews and Muslims and those who print and circulate their books, and even possessed nuns. On the one hand, this manual Very good, well-margined and handsomely illustrated copy of this important collection on Ptolemaic astronomy intended for stu- appears to continue the tradition of torture and psychological violence for which the Inquisition was proverbial; in order to break dents— the ‘novicii adolescentes’ mentioned on p. 1 as the most widely used of the early modern period. Johannes de Sacrobosco (or impenitent heretics ‘learned, pious and prudent people would be called to reduce them to the recognition of the Catholic Truth’. Holywood, 1195-1256) was a monk and astronomer who taught at Paris. His ground-breaking works were extremely infuential in On the other hand, a new willingness to avoid major judicial errors was emerging. Curses against God (literally reproduced in the the medieval period; they focused on astronomy and mathematics including the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, a study of the short- treatise) were to be considered within the context in which they were said (out of anger, for instance) and the alleged demonic pos- comings of the Julian calendar (anticipating C16 debates) and his treatise ‘Sphaera mundi’. First published in 1472, it was reprinted session of nuns would be examined more carefully since the immediate involvement of exorcists might worsen the situation through dozens of times in Europe throughout the C15. It discusses the earth in relation to the geocentric Ptolemaic universe, touching on sub- suggestion and even frighten novices. A similar mindset informs the concluding ‘Instructio’ originally penned by Giovanni Garcia jects including its physical composition, geometrical realization, its (as it were) sphericity, the revolution of the heavens and the zodiac Millino c.1624 to reformulate how testimonies for the prosecution in witchcraft trials should be weighed and to what extent they in relation to sunrise and sunset, the meaning of zenith and climate zones. Johannes Regiomontanus (Müller von Königsberg, 1436 should be believed. Tis treatise was a vademecum for Inquisitors, witness to a ms. tradition dating back to the C14 which was -76) studied at Leipzig and Vienna, devoting himself to commentaries on ancient texts on arithmetic and astronomy. He established still alive in the mid-C17 even though a vernacular manual, Eliseo Marini’s ‘Sacro Arsenale’, had been in print for a few decades. the frst astronomical observatory in Nuremberg. His work argues against the ‘deliramenta’ of Gherardus Cremonensis’s Ptolemaic ‘Teorica Planetarum’, written in the C12 and the most important manual of astronomy used in Faculties of Arts. Structured as L2529 a dialogue between two scholars, it concerns calculations relating to very specifc points of the Ptolemaic system, e.g. epicycles and longitude, with the help of geometrical diagrams. Te last work—‘Teoricae novae planetarum’—was written by Georgius Purbach (von Peuerbach, 1423-61), an Austrian astronomer and mathematician, acquainted with Regiomontanus. It is a clear introduction A FAMOUS SURGEON’S COPY to the Ptolemaic universe which discusses the sun and moon, theories of the polar axis and astronomical connections between the moon and the motions of other planets. According to the colophon, the handsome (some hand-coloured) diagrams were designed by 75. SCHULTES, Johann. the German Johannes Lucilius Santritter and cut by the Venetian Hieronymus de Sanctis in the Armamentarium chirurgicum. frst year of their collaboration in Venice (Essling I, 260; Hummel, ‘Katalog der Inkunabeln’, Venice, typis Combi & La Nou, 1665. S.40). Te careful annotator was a C16 student. His marginalia focus on the meridian and horizon, the equinoxes, zenith, rising and setting of planets. In particular, the annotation to £4,950 ‘Sphaera mundi’ was probably drawn from the 1531 edition (‘Spherae tractatus’) of the same work, edited by the Paduan scholar Prosdocimo Beldomandi. Interested in applied astronomy, 8vo. pp. (xxiv) 166, 171-317 (xi), 44 plates included in pagination. Ro- he also noted mathematical conversions between degrees and distance measurements (digits, feet, man letter, with Italic. Engraved t-p (numbered as pl. 1) with scene of sur- etc.). A handsomely illustrated, extensively annotated copy of a milestone of medieval astronomy. gical operation and surrounding spectators, woodcut vignette to typographical t- p, 43 superb full-page or folding etchings of surgical instruments and techniques, wounds and bandages, decorated initials and ornaments. Few ll. light- ISTC ij00407000; Tomash & Williams P62; BM STC It., p. 596; Brunet V, 21 (men- ly toned, ink splash to B1, paper faw to outer margin of pl. 35, touching border but not engraving. An excellent, clean tioned); Houzeau-Lancaster 1641*; Cantamessa III, 6969; Sander 6663; Essling I, 260. copy, in fresh impression on good-quality paper, in contemporary vellum, gilt- lettered spine, a little loss to upper joint Caillet (later editions). (revealing printed waste lining) and lower edge of upper cover, C18 ex-libris of Bartolomeo Riviera to front pastedown. K160 82 83 Tis copy belonged to Bartolomeo Folesani Riviera (1722-95), professor of Tis elegant Islamic binding is unique rather than rare on an Aldine. Despite the infuence of Ottoman decoration, which had shaped Surgery at Bologna in 1749-95. Te C18 surgeon Antonio Scarpa, when new types of ornaments when Aldus was operating, few Aldines from the years 1490-1550 are recorded bound in the Eastern style still a student, wrote that at Bologna ‘surgical practice was undertaken with (Mazzucco, ‘Legature rinascimentali’, 135-79; Hobson, ‘Islamic Infuence’, 114-15; de Marinis, ‘L’infuenza orientale’, 548, 550). an intelligence uncommon in other parts of Italy because in the main hospital On the one hand, unlike these recorded specimens, the characteristics of this binding refect not only the ornaments (fligree and sunk worked Riviera, former student of the famous Molinelli’ (Scarpa, ‘Epistolario’). panels) but also the structure of Islamic bookbinding: the two-piece technique, tabbed spine, primary and secondary chevron end- bands, unsupported sewing and (as suggested by traces of repair) doublures (Scheper, ‘Te Technique’, passim). On the other hand, the Excellent, superbly illustrated copy, of fresh impression, of this major, much absence of a fap, covers made of thick paperboard not fush with the text, and a raised spine suggest that it was a ‘hybrid’ construction translated surgical manual. It was frst published posthumously in 1655, blending Islamic and Western practices. Hybrid bindings were common in C16 Venice—e.g., Greek-style or Islamic specimens built following the notes left by its author, Johannes Schultes (Scultetus, 1595- with a typically western structure but preserving the ‘exotic’ ornaments (including lavish gold-tooling) which made them desirable 1645). A physician from Ulm, he received his doctorate at Padua studying especially for books in Greek. However, a key characteristic of Islamic bindings—unsupported sewing—was not familiar to western with major surgeons like Fabricius ab Aquapendente and van de Spiegel. binders (Gialdini, ‘Alla Greca’, 35), but is present in this copy. Te decoration, with embossed paper overlays, suggests a Turkish-Otto- ‘Armamentarium’ was extremely successful, this being the ffth edition in man infuence (Sakisian, ‘La reliure turque’, 286-87; Yıldıray, ‘Kayseri Rasid’, 120, 211; Gacek, ‘Arabic Manuscripts’, 171-72). Te ten years. It was produced and structured in size and content to facilitate absence of gold-tooling points to a place of production which is not Venice, as it defes the obligatory exoticism, or Istanbul, where gold practical use, and illustrations were paramount. Te 43 superb engrav- and Islamic structures were omnipresent. It was produced probably in peripheral Greek- speaking areas of the Venetian or Ottoman ings are as fresh as when they were printed. Te frst part is organized as empires—such as Dalmatia, Greece itself or Macedonia—where long-standing Islamic practices met with Western ones. Tis bind- a commentary to each plate: e.g., on surgical instruments like the forceps, ing is thus a rare material testimony to exchanges between the world of Venetian Greek printing and Ottoman Greek communities. ‘cannulae’ to treat intestinal ulcers and haemorrhoids and implements to ex- In the early C16, Venice was the main centre for tract a deceased foetus after a miscarriage; techniques to treat fractures, skull the production of Greek books used by Ottoman trauma, dental cavities, urinary tract stones (through operations portrayed Greeks (Roper, ‘Printed in Europe’, 271; Barbar- with painful vividness) or amputated body parts, including breasts in case of ics-Hermanik, ‘European Books’, 393); it also cancer. Te work is especially renowned for its proposed technique of hand hosted a growing community of Greek students amputation, which became the ‘routinely adopted method’ after the frst edi- attending the nearby University of Padua (Nico- tion (Weinzweig, ‘Mutilated Hand’, 9). Te second part examines surgical laidis, ‘Scientifc Exchanges’, 136). One of them operations ‘from head to heel’, based on notes taken by Schultes during his may have purchased this handsome volume there. daily work—e.g., ‘In 1637, on January 9, at 7pm, Johannes Happelius from Ulm...32 years old... was wounded seven times’, followed by the specifc loca- A remarkable copy of the fne editio princeps of tion of the wounds and the treatment and medicines provided, day by day. a most important ancient work of Greek lexi- cography. C16 editions of Stephanus of Byzan- A milestone in the history of surgery; a fresh copy of illustrious provenance. tium’s ‘Peri poleōn’ ofered an abridged version Morton-Garrison 5571 (1655 ed.); Heirs of Hippocrates 293 (1655 ed.). A. Scarpa, Epistolario (1772-1832), ed. G. Sala of the original sixty-book text—entitled ‘Ethnika’ (Pavia, 1938). (Ἐθνικά)—fragments of which could be found in the works of other ancient authors like Eustathi- L3120 us. Te ‘Ethnika’ was a compendium of ethnic names of gentile peoples from places spanning GREEK ALDINE IN ISLAMIC BINDING Greece, Asia Minor, Sicily, and Ireland, enriched with material on topography, local history, and 76. STEPHANUS OF BYZANTIUM. mythology drawn from ancient authors. Aldus’s Stephanos Peri poleōn [Στέφανος Περὶ πόλεων]. source was a single C15 ms., albeit with sever- al shortcomings; the resulting text infuenced Venice, Aldus, 1502. its most famous successor, the Giunti edition of 1521, as well as the Basel edition of 1568. £7,500 A unique book with much to tell about the dissem- EDITIO PRINCEPS. Folio. 79 of 80 unnumbered f., 2A8-1 2B-2L8, lacking t-p. Scattered mainly marginal worm ination of early modern printing. holes or trails, couple touching a few letters, very light water stain at lower edge of a few ll., heavier to outer blank cor- Brunet V, 530: ‘assez rare’; Renouard 60:17. ner of fnal gatherings, with some spots to text, small holes to last couple of ll., crudely repaired on verso of last. A very good copy, on high-quality paper, in nearly contemporary C16 reddish goatskin, later eps, ruled in silver, out- L2791 er border with ropework in blind painted in silver, centre with sunk panels in the form of almond-shaped centrepieces, two smaller almonds and cornerpieces, all with paper overlays embossed to a fligree pattern bordered with silver paint (somewhat oxidised), small feurons tooled in silver, tabbed spine with inked title and later label, raised bands, ex- tremities and covers a bit rubbed, traces of label at foot, couple of worm holes. Modern bookplate to front pastedown. 84 85 77. THE GREAT HERBALL. 78. TRIGAULT, Nicolas. mote the Jesuits’ work in China. Whilst in Europe, he edited Te Great Herball newly corrected. De Christiana expeditione. and translated from Italian into Latin Matteo Ricci’s mission- ary journal, frst published in 1615 and reprinted numerous London, In edibus Tome Gybson, 1539. Lyon, Horatius Cardon, 1616. times. Ricci (1552-1610) spent over twenty years in China, £85,000 £6,500 where he travelled extensively, founded several missions and supervised the construction of a Catholic church in Peking, a Folio. 110 unnumbered leaves. pi4, A-2B4, 2C6. Black letter in dou- 4to. pp. (xvi) 628 (xii), fold-out plan and index. Roman let- city hitherto ‘forbidden’ to Westerners. Ricci quickly mastered ble column. Title within architectural border with the monogram of ter with Italic. Charming engraved architectural t-p with Chinese script and Classical Chinese, a linguistic talent he ap- William Rastell W. R. (one letter in each column) historiated white standing fgures of Francis Xavier and Matteo Ricci, cher- plied to the writing of a Portuguese-Chinese dictionary. After on black initials. Light age yellowing, t-p slightly dusty, text a bit faded ubs, stemma of the Society of Jesus, and map of China; dec- devoting a few pages to Ricci’s biography, ‘De expeditione’ pro- in places. A good clean copy, in handsome C19th calf over bevelled orated head- and tailpieces with foliage, satyrs, feurs-de-lis vides a short introduction to Chinese administration, art and wooden boards, the original dark calf binding, (triple blind ruled to and arabesques; decorated initials; fold-out plan with key religion, including the presence of Islamism and Judaism. Te a panel design) laid down on pastedowns, covers (in imitation of the of Jesuit residence in Peking; marbled fore-edges in red and rest of the work is concerned with the deeds of Ricci (and some- original), triple blind ruled to a panel design, feurons to corners panel blue. A few gatherings lightly browned, intermittent faint times other Jesuit missionaries), his travels, learning, and en- flled with blind roll, spine with raised bands with blind feurons in com- water stain to outer lower corner, occasional ink marks, the counters. One section is devoted to one of Ricci’s fundamental partments, vellum end leaves, inner dentelles blind rolled, all edges gilt. odd slight marginal foxing, small marginal loss to one fol. A contributions to Chinese culture: a European-style world map very good, crisp, well-margined copy in contemporary vel- (1.52 x 3.66 metres) in Chinese, centred on China, which the An extremely rare copy of this very early most important English herb- lum, lightly rubbed. ‘1400’ and ‘RC Jenkins, Lyminge Feb Wanli Emperor requested to be printed on silk and hung on the al; possibly the fourth edition, of “the most famous of all the early print- 25 1887’ on front pastedown, ‘usc £15’ on rear pastedown. walls of his palace—it was also the frst Chinese map to feature ed herbals” (Rohde, 65), the only important botanical work printed in the Americas. A Latin adaptation of this map, circumscribed Henrician England. Except for the preface and the treatise on urines, de- A good, crisp copy of the second edition of Nicolas Trigault’s in- to the Chinese Empire, is present on the t-p of this edition. rived from the Gart der Gesundheit, the Grete Herball is fundamentally fuential Latin translation of Matteo Ricci SJ. Trigault (1577- a translation of the French Grant Herbier or Arbolayre. It is a single 1628) was a Flemish Jesuit who carried out ground-breaking Tis copy belonged to Robert C. Jenkins (1815-96), a renowned volume compendium which details the medicinal properties (or virtues) of missionary work in China in the early C17. Inspired by the ac- C19 English antiquarian. plants and some non- botanical items according to the system of humor- tivities of Ricci, Trigault founded new missions and encouraged Brunet V, 946: ‘ouvrage curieux’; Graesse VII, 197; Cordier alism. Te surviving editions were printed between 1526 and 1561. It the translation of European works on science and religion into II, 809. contains extensive information on plant life as well as entries on animals, Chinese. Between 1614 and 1618, Trigault was in Europe to comestibles, and minerals. Tere are approximately 400 entries for plants and non-botanical items. Of these, 150 plants are Eng- report to Pope Paul V about the Chinese missions and to pro- L2737 lish natives. Plants include mugwort, cypress, mandrake root, grapes, chamomile, muscat, and marrubium (horehound). Animals recommended for their medicinal value include hare, fox (fox grease is recommended for muscle cramps), goat, ox, elephant ivory, FROM THE AUTHOR TO LORD BURGHLEY and beaver. Some of the minerals and liquids listed are lyme, glass, magnets, pearls, amber, sulpher, water, and vinegar. Foods that 79. UBALDINI, Petruccio. double as remedies are also present, with cheese prescribed for purgation, butter, honey, and zipules (a type of heavy fritter) recom- Le vite delle donne illustri. Del regno d’Inghilterra, & del regno di Scotia. mended for toothaches. Some of the entries feature truly unusual remedies, such as a lengthy section on the use of mummy (spelled as mommie), the powdered version of which is described as a remedy for stopping nosebleeds. Besides medical uses, these entries London, Appresso Giouanni Volfo, 1591. also provide information on cosmetic applications, such as the bones of sepia (cuttlefsh) for whitening the teeth and complexion. £12,500 Te Grete Herball contains remedies for everything from melancholy to baldness, invoking God and the Virgin Mary alongside Di- FIRST EDITION. 4to. pp. [xiv], 117, [iii]. A4(-A1+[par.]4) B-Q4. Roman letter, some Italic. Woodcut ‘Fleur de lys’ device ana and the Centaurs. It is profoundly utilitarian in approach, and designed to be accessible to a relatively broad public, as may be on title, woodcut headpieces and foriated initials, eleven line presentation inscription to William Cecil, Lord Burghley in seen from its publication in English rather than Latin; copies have always sufered heavy use. Te Herball “contains much that is cu- Ubaldini’s celebrated Italic hand on verso of frst fy, 1592, bookplate of Robert S. Pirie on pastedown. Light age yellowing, oc- rious, especially in relation to medical matters. Bathing was evidently regarded as a strange fad. ... Water drinking seems to have been casional marginal spotting, one or two quires a little browned, mostly marginal soiling and spotting in places. A very good copy thought almost equally pernicious” (Arber, Herbalis, 42). Te descriptions of less common remedies, such as the lodestone, often incor- in contemporary vellum over thin boards, covers bordered with a gilt rule, gilt- stamped oval at centre, a little soiled, recased. porate vivid travellers’ tales. Te author displays pride and integrity in his profession, warning against peddlers of harmful fake reme- dies. Te book contains a glossary, and a self-consciously useful index: “Tere after followeth a table very utyll and profytable for them A precious copy of the frst edition, second issue, of this very rare work, beautifully inscribed by the author Ubaldini in his fne, clear that desyre to fynde quyckely a remedy agaynst all maner of dyseases & they be marked by the letters of the A.B.C. in every chaptre”. Italic hand, for presentation to William Cecil,-Lord Burghley. Ubaldini (1545-1599), was born in the Florentine state and was learned in classical languages. He sought patronage in both Venice and England with his writings and settled in London. In May Te intermittent fading in the text may be the result of poor inking or printing or later washing, though if the later it is remarkably 1574 debts caused him to petition Lord Burghley, the lord high treasurer, for fnancial assistance from the crown. His inscription uneven, the text is always legible. includes four lines of poetry and a seven-line dedication to Burghley “great treasurer of the Kingdom of England” dated “1592.” ESTC S119819. STC 13178. Lowndes III, 1047. Wellcome I, 3114 (1529 edn only) Ames III, 401. Rohde, Te Old English Herbals, 65-74, Henrey 15-18; Arber, Herbals, 40-45 “In Lewis Einstein’s words, Petruccio Ubaldini is ‘an example of the better type of the Italian adventurers then to be found at every European court’ (Einstein, 1902, p 190) ..... in his self-introduction to ‘Militia del Gran Duca di Toscana’, his last vol- K155 ume, published in London in 1597, ... Ubaldini emphasises his many years of service to the Tudors, frst under Henry VIII 86 87 in 1545 and later under Edward VI; having left for Italy on Mary’s accession to the throne, ..... he says in the passage referred to fol. 169, occasional marginal marks. A good, well-mar- t h e o r i e s , to that he has been in the service of Queen Elizabeth since 1563. What this service consisted in is not clear at all: since Ubal- gined copy in contemporary Lyonnaise calf over wooden and numer- dini was no longer young enough to be a soldier, a modern critic writes that ‘from 1562 onwards, he was able to fll the vacu- boards, lacking clasps. Blind-tooled to a double-ruled panel ous com- um left by the rupture in ofcial diplomatic and ecclesiastical contacts between England and Italy. He became almost the only design, outer border with blind-stamped phoenix, interlaced mentaries well-placed Italian reporter of English afairs during the second half of the sixteenth century. ... Ubaldini, .. corresponded with cranes and foliage, second with roll of birds and foliage, third on the Ar- the secretaries of the Dukes of Florence and numbered Henrey Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel, Walsingham, William Cecil, Lord and central panel with foral decorative rolls. Spine in fve i st o t e lian Tomas Howard and other important personages amongst his acquaintances. Certainly Queen Elizabeth thought his servic- compartments, blind-tooled double-ruled stripes to each, corpus in- es were valuable enough to grant him a salary.’ (Bugliani). .. Ubaldini is the author of 12 works, all of them composed and/or upper joint repaired. Extensive early Latin marginalia to a fuenced by published in England between 1564 and 1597.” Giovanni Iamartino. ‘Representations of Elizabeth I in Early Modern Culture.’ few ll., occasionally smudged, early Latin quotations from the Averro- Aristotle to last, rear ep and pastedown and circular draw- ism of Jean Tis catalogue of the famous women of England and Scotland was a popular form of work at the period; “Cata- ing with partially smudged Latin words to rear pastedown. de Jandun logues of women are lists enumerating pagan and sometimes Christian heroines, who jointly defne a notion of feminin- and Sigie- ity. Tey therefore ofer a unique perspective on the problem of femininity by presenting women as entities participat- Te fne, crisp blind stamps on the outer border—a phoenix ri di Bra- ing in and formed by historical currents. Such an approach is of immense signifcance at any time of great change, when and interlaced cranes—are the same as those on BL, c66g11 bante. First historical perspectives were under going transformations." G. McLeod. Virtue and Venom: Catalogs of Women from Antiq- (published 1522). Tey also reprise the decoration of the archi- p ub li sh ed uity to the Renaissance’ Tis work was written by Ubaldini and presented as a manuscript to Elizabeth I in 1576 (now lost). tectural border on the t-p of both these editions. Tis t-p had in Venice been used in Vincent’s books since at least 1512, and was cre- in 1476, William Cecil, Lord Burghley, was one of the great statesmen of the Elizabethan period, the chief advisor of Queen Elizabeth I for ated by the famous Lyon-based Flemish illustrator and (pos- the ‘Summa most of her reign, at the heart of most of the major events of the period. “From 1558 for forty years the biography of Cecil is almost sibly) wood-engraver Guillaume II Leroy (f. 1498-1528). philosophie indistinguishable from that of Elizabeth and from the history of England.” Pollard. He was also a great book collector. On his death Te elegant combination of similar decorations in the binding nat uralis’ in 1598, his will directed that his elder son, Tomas, should inherit ‘all my books in my upper library over my Great chamber and t-p of this copy does not seem accidental. It was prob- is a com- in my.... house in Westminster’ together with ‘all my evidence and rolls belonging to my pedigrees’. On a sale of some of the Cecil ably a ‘marque de libraire’ used for books on sale in his shop, pendium of family’s possessions in 1687, the inventory for books listed some 3,645 books and 249 volumes of manuscripts said to be his. Te based on one of his successful and highly recognisable t-p. Aristotelian collection is now in four main parts – a great many are in the Cotton Collection at the British Museum, some are in the National theories on Archive, a substantial portion is at Trinity College, Dublin, of which Cecil was Chancellor, and many remain at Hatfeld House. Very uncommon, fnely illustrated copies of two most infuential the natural C14 commentaries on Aristotle. Paulus Venetus (c.1368-1428) STC 24488; ESTC S118916. Lowndes 2738. Not in Erd- world. It features John Argiropoulos’s C15 Latin translations of was an Augustinian friar, philosopher and theologian, who stud- mann. ‘De physico auditu’, ‘De celo et mundo’, ‘De generatione et corrup- ied at Oxford and Padua. His most successful and most re-printed tione’, ‘Metheoricorum’ and ‘De anima’ alongside Paulus’s com- K83 works include ‘Logica magna’, inspired by William of Ockham’s mentary (‘Metaphysica’ is also present but without the Aristote- HANDSOME CONTEMPORARY BINDING lian text). Te thematic index highlights the astounding variety 80. VENETUS, Paulus. of subjects—from the nature of comets and the heavens to why it is advisable to fast before taking a bath, the diference between Summa philosophie naturalis (with) Liber de compositione mun- reason and the senses, earthquakes and why light is necessary to di. perceive colours. Te ‘Metheoricorum’ includes fne woodcuts of Lyon, Antoine du Ry and Simon Vincent, 1525. visual phenomena resulting from the interaction of the four ele- ments, like sundry kinds of falling stars, ‘ignes fatui’ and ‘caprae £4 ,750 saltantes’. Te ‘Liber de compositione mundi’ is a brief treatise on 4to. Two works in one, I) f. (vi) 176, 84, AA6 a-x8 aA-kK8 astronomy, handsomely and extensively illustrated with wood- lL4; II) f. 17 (i) unnumbered, A-C4 D6. Gothic letter, double cuts of celestial diagrams including the position of the zodiac in column, separate t-p to each, decorated initials. First t-p in red relation to other heavenly bodies and the physical representation and black within attractive woodcut architectural border with of the earth, as well as personifed planets and constellations. cherubs, foliage and birds, tryptic of Jesus carrying the cross Te contemporary author of the marginalia in ‘De celo et mun- (left), Judas’s kiss (right) and Holy Shroud held by Sts Peter do’ and ‘De generatione et corruptione’ was interested in the and Paul (centre), woodcut vignette of presentation of the au- ‘motus’ of bodies as determined by the interaction of the four thor; printed geometrical diagrams and meteorological phe- elements. He annotated Paulus’s commentary with referenc- nomena. Second t-p in black only, c.50 handsome woodcuts es to other authorities like Jacobus de Forlivio (c.1360-1414), of zodiac, planets and constellations, printer’s device to last. professor of logic and medicine at Padua and Bologna, the Ar- Mostly light age browning, frst t-p a bit dusty with marginal istotelian philosopher Marsilius of Padua (c.1275-c.1342) and tears in a few places, small ink stains to fore-edge of frst few Albert of Saxony (c.1320-c.1390), a scholar of logic and physics. ll., faint water stain to frst few gatherings, clean marginal tear 88 89 1) Only Harvard and Pennsylvania recorded in the US. at head. Bookplate c.1700 of Dr François Petit of Soissons to front pastedown, C17 autograph ‘Degreaux’ to lower mar- gin of t-p, contemporary autograph ‘Joannes Ducanois Vanos Deo vincas’ to rear pastedown, occasional early marginalia. USTC 121901; Gültlingen, Repertoire bibliographique II, 177. Not in BM STC Fr., Baudrier, Brunet or Graesse. USTC 155629. Not in BM STC Fr., Baudrier, Brunet or Graesse. A. and H. Joly, ‘À la recherche de Guillaume Leroy, Le peintre’, A good copy of this ground-breaking, beautifully illustrated work which changed the history of Western medical scholarship. ‘Te Gazette des Beaux-Arts 61 (1963), 279-92. history of anatomy is divided into two periods, pre-Vesalian and post-Vesalian’ (PMM 71), the turning point being the year 1543, 2) Only Princeton and Mount Holyoke recorded in the US. USTC 155269; Gültlingen, Repertoire bibliographique II, 176. when the frst edition was published in Basel by Johannes Oporinus, among the best printers of his day. He was chosen for the Not in BM STC Fr., Baudrier, Brunet or Graesse. purpose by the Belgian surgeon Andreas Vesalius (1514-64), then professor at Padua, who used dissection as an epistemologi- cal means to reassess Galen’s claims. Te nearly 200 illustrations in Vesalius’s works are attributed to Jan Stephan van Calcar, L2656 a talented pupil of Titian; they were cut in Venice, under Vesalius’s watch, and dispatched to Basel with instructions printed in ‘Fabrica’. Te woodcuts in this posthumous edition, published without license, are ‘reduced copies of the blocks of the frst, plus 8 additions produced in 1555; they were cut in Venice by Giovanni Chrieger’ (Mortimer). ‘Fabrica’ is divided into 7 books, head to PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN heel, on bones and cartilage, ligaments and muscles, blood vessels, nerves, organs of nutrition and reproduction, the heart and the 81. VESALIUS, Andrea. brain. Rather than relying on animal bodies (as Galen had to do) or the ancillary work of barber-surgeons, Vesalius performed the procedure himself with techniques carefully described in ‘Fabrica’ and its abridged ‘Epitome’ for students. He described the dissected De humani corporis fabrica. body in minute verbal and visual detail—e.g., the bones of the spine and chest, immortalised on the full-page skeletons and skinned Venice, apud Franciscum Franciscium Senensem & Ioannem Criegher Germanum, 1568. cadavers in pensive, classical or agonising poses—even providing hands-on comparisons for practitioners (e.g., the ‘accessory ossicles’ in hands were comparable to ‘sesame seeds’). Te early annotator of this copy was interested in the womb and female reproductive £13,500 organs—the position of the cervix, how to know the gender of the foetus from its position in the belly and the physiology of the hymen. Folio. pp. (xii) 510 (xlvi). Roman letter, little Italic. Woodcut vignette to t-p, nearly 200 superb full- and half-page or small- Te plates, cut through direct observation, ‘set new technical standards of anatomical illustration, and indeed of book illustration er woodcuts of limbs or organs, decorated initials. T-p a little soiled and light water stain to edges, lower outer corner in general’ (PMM 71), inspiring reproductions and imitations well into the C18. A fresh copy of this classic of anatomical art. repaired, light water stain and small worm holes to some lower outer corners, very minor marginal spotting, lower out- From the library of François Petit (1681-1766) of Soissons, frst physician to the Duke of Orleans. er blank corner of V6 and X1 defective. A good copy in contemporary alum-tawed sheep, raised bands, joints repaired BM STC It., p. 722; Osler 569; Mortimer, Harvard It., 529; Heirs of Hippocrates, 174; NLM 4580; Wellcome (other eds); PMM 71 (1543 ed.)

L3126 82. VIRGIL. Te ·xiii. bukes of Eneados of the famose poete Virgill translatet out of Latyne verses into Scottish metir. London, [By William Copland], 1553.

£22,500

FIRST EDITION thus. 4to. f. [i], Ccclxxxi [i.e. 376], [i]. A2(-A1), B-U8, x8(x3+chi[=A1?]), y-z8, a-2b8. First and last blank. Black letter. Title within charming woodcut border, with putti below, historiated and foriated wood- cut initials, early autograph Caroli Barnard at head of title, C17 note on frst blank concerning the translation, con- temporary autograph of George Metcalfe, on last blank. Light age yellowing, frst three quires with some thumb soil- ing, occasional marginal thumb mark, spot or stain. A very good copy, crisp with very good margins, on thick paper in handsome modern morocco by Zaehnsdorf in a contemporary style, covers bordered with a triple blind rule, cen- tral scroll worked arabesque gilt at centres, spine with raised bands double blind ruled, a.e.g. spine a little sunned.

Rare and important frst edition in Scots English of the the frst complete translation of any major work of classical antiquity into a British language. Tis translation of Vergil’s Aeneid by Gavin Douglas (c.1476-1522), the bishop of Dunkeld, pre- dates by some years the earliest English translation. Earlier translations, such as Chaucer’s Legends of Dido and Cax- ton’s Eneydos, were very free adaptations of Vergil’s text. “In the early 1500s no major classical work had been translated into English, and Douglas’s Eneados was a pioneering work... Douglas shared the values of the humanists: an antipathy to scho- lasticism, respect for classical authors, and a zeal for education. He wished to communicate to his countrymen a knowledge of the Aeneid, and also to enrich his native ‘Scottis’ tongue with something of the ‘fouth’, or copiousness, of Latin” (ODNB).

Te title of Gavin Douglas’ translation “Eneados” is given in the heading of a manuscript at Cambridge University, which refers to the “twelf bukis of Eneados.” In addition to Douglas’s version of Virgil’s Aeneid, the work also contains a translation of the “thirteenth book” written by the ffteenth-century poet Mafeo Vegio as a continuation of the Aeneid. Douglas supplied original 90 91 prologue verses for each of the thirteen books, and a series of concluding poems. In the frst general prologue Douglas compares the INDEX BY CATEGORIES merits of Virgil and Chaucer as master poets and attacks the printer William Caxton for his inadequate rendering of a French translation of the Aeneid. Comparing Douglas to Chaucer, Pound wrote that “the texture of Gavin’s verse is stronger, the resil- • Alchemy: 4 ience greater than Chaucer’s”. Ezra Pound, ‘ABC of Reading’. C. S. Lewis was also an admirer of the work: “About Douglas as • Aldine: 24,25,30,31,32,55,76 a translator there may be two opinions; about his Aeneid (Prologues and all) as an English book there can be only one. Here a • Alphabet and Calligraphy Book: 34,49 great story is greatly told and set of with original embellishments which are all good—all either delightful or interesting—in their • Annotated heavily: 13,73,80 diverse ways.” C. S. Lewis, ‘English Literature in the Sixteenth Century, Excluding Drama.’ Tis frst edition displays an anti • Arabica: 1,8 Catholic bias, in that references (in the prologues) to the Virgin Mary, Purgatory, and Catholic ceremonies are altered or omitted • Architecture: 45,70 probably by Copland In addition, 66 lines of the translation, describing the amour of Dido and Aeneas, are omitted as indelicate. • Astronomy: 19,47,68,69,72,73 • Bibles: 8,9,14 “Te Emperor and his people alike were hooked: within a century of its author’s death, in 19 B.C., citizens of Pompeii were • Classics, Greek: 3,56,76 scrawling lines from the epic on the walls of shops and houses. People haven’t stopped quoting it since. From the moment it ap- • Classics, Latin: 26,30,55,82 peared, the Aeneid was the paradigmatic classic in Western art and education; as one scholar has put it, Virgil “occupied the • Coloured: 15,16,17,27,69 central place in the literary canon for the whole of Europe for longer than any other writer.” ... Virgil’s poetry has been indis- • Continental Literature: 2,7,11,24,25,28,31 pensable to everyone from his irreverent younger contemporary Ovid, whose parodies of the older poet’s gravitas can’t dis- • Demonology: 59 guise a genuine admiration, to St. Augustine, who, in his “Confessions,” recalls weeping over the Aeneid, his favorite book be- • Devotional and Liturgical Books: 14,15,16,17,20,21,27,57,64,71 fore he discovered the Bible; from Dante, who chooses Virgil, l’altissimo poeta, “the highest poet,” as his guide through • English Literature: 38,39 Hell and Purgatory in the Divine Comedy, to T. S. Eliot, who returned repeatedly to Virgil in his critical essays and pro- • Fine Bindings: 2,3,7,9,11,14,18,20,21,36,37,40,63,64,76,80 nounced the Aeneid “the classic of all Europe.”” Daniel Mendelsohn. ‘Is the Aeneid a Celebration of Empire—or a Critique?’ • Geography: 60 Pforzheimer describes the Grenville and Bemis copies as resembling large paper copies at slightly over 8 3/4 inches. Tis copy is • Geometry and Trigonometry: 35,41,46,61 almost as large at nearly 8 1/2 inches with some deckle edges in outer margins. • Herbal: 52,77 • History: 12,43,51,53,72 ESTC S119190. STC 24797. Grolier, Langland to Wither 61. Pforzheimer 1027. Ames III 935. Lowndes 2782. • Law and legal documents: 33,44,48,54 L3145 • Manuscripts: 1,15,16,17,29,49,74 • Mathematics and Arithmetic: 10,13,67 • Medicine: 37,58,75,81 • Music: 29 • Numismatics: 18,62 • Philosophy: 6,40,42,65,80 • Provenance of particular interest: 2,15,18,19,36,40,62,63,64,79 • Teology, Protestant: 5,22,23 • Travel and exploration: 32,50,66,78

Languages other than Latin:

◊ Arabic: 1,8 ◊ English: 5,6,9,10,12,14,23,33,35,38,39,42,43,50,53,60,61,67,77 ◊ French: 4,28,59 ◊ German: 34,52,69 ◊ Greek: 3,56,65,76 ◊ Irish: 57 ◊ Italian: 2,7,11,24,25,31,32,41,46,58,63,66,70,79 ◊ Russian: 71 ◊ Scottish: 82 ◊ Spanish: 48,54

Image above and Back cover: details from item 16, Book of Hours 92 SOKOL BOOKS Ltd