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Two New Cocoon-Forming Beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae) from Baltic Amber

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Two New Cocoon-Forming Beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae) from Baltic Amber Baltic J. Coleopterol. 15(1) 2015 ISSN 1407 - 8619 Two new cocoon-forming beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae) from Baltic amber Vitalii I. Alekseev Alekseev V.I. 2015. Two new cocoon-forming beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae) from Baltic amber. Baltic J. Coleopterol., 15 (1): 9 – 16. New extinct representatives of the family Bothrideridae Erichson, 1845 are described and illustrated from Baltic amber: Pseudobothrideres rugiorum sp.nov. and P. criwecriwayto sp.nov. All known fossil bothriderid beetles are discussed, compared and keyed. Key words: taxonomy, Tertiary, Eocene amber, beetles, Pseudobothrideres rugiorum, P. criwecriwayto Vitalii I. Alekseev. Department of Zootechny, FGBOU VPO “Kaliningrad State Technical University”, Sovetsky av. 1. 236000 Kaliningrad, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION active triungulin stage that seeks out and attaches itself to its host. The later instars are grub-like Bothrideridae is a small family of poorly known and modified as ectoparasitoids of larvae and beetles comprising four subfamilies (Teredinae, pupae of wood borers (Ślipiński et al. 2010). Xylariophilinae, Bothriderinae and Anommatinae) and more than 400 species in 38 Bothriderids are exceedingly sparse in the fossil genera (Ślipiński et al. 2010). Members of the geological record, with only two species in family are found in all major zoogeographical Baltic amber to date: Bothrideres kuenowi regions of the world with the majority of Stein, 1881 and B. succinicola Stein, 1881. In diversity in the Old World tropics. Although the present paper, two further species of little is known about the biology, most Bothrideridae from Eocene Baltic amber are bothriderids are closely associated with the described and illustrated. galleries of wood-boring insects. The members of the subfamily Bothriderinae are ectoparasites and predators as both larvae and adults. Members MATERIAL AND METHODS of the bothriderid subfamily feed on various larvae of wood inhabiting beetles such as Two specimens from the private collection of Cerambycidae, Buprestidae, Curculionidae, Christel and Hans Werner Hoffeins (Hamburg, Bostrichidae, Curculionidae, and Ptinidae, Germany) were examined during the study. The Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. All known larvae amber piece Nr. 1615-2 (CCHH) was obtained of Bothriderinae are hypermetamorphic with an from commercial source (Amberif fair) in 9 Alekseev V.I. 2007; the amber piece Nr.273-1 was collected Head: slightly narrowed anteriorly; without from the Baltic seacoast of the island Usedom supra-ocular ridges, dorsolateral margin almost (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany) in straight; punctures small and dense (distance autumn 1991. The ambers are currently between punctures is about twice less than deposited in the private collection of Christel diameter of puncture). Frontoclypeal suture and Hans Werner Hoffeins (Hamburg, Germany) indistinct in the middle, very fine laterally. and will be deposited to the Senckenberg Anterior margin of clypeus broadly arcuate. Deutsches Entomologisches Institut in Antennal groove well-developed, impunctate. Müncheberg, Germany (SDEI) as part of the Antennae clavate, stout, sparsely setose, institute’s amber collection. The amber pieces reaching apical 1/3 of pronotum; scape from the CCHH are prepared manually and (antennomere I) and pedicel (antennomere II) embedded in polyester resin (Hoffeins 2001). wide (wider than antennal club), rounded; antennomeres with single transverse row of The photos were taken with a Nikon Coolpix moderately long setae, setae extending at least 4500 Nikon digital camera, attached to a Wild to distal margin of antennal segment; antennal M3Z stereo-microscope. club segments with sparse setae, setae long and located at or near distal margin of the segment. The following sources were used for the generic Antennal club symmetrical, loose, 2-segmented. attribution and comparison with recent taxa: Penultimate segment broader than long and Ślipiński et al. (1989) and Stephan (1989). broader than last one. Eyes: strongly protuberant, coarsely facetted, lacking interfacetal setae. SYSTEMATIC PART Thorax: Pronotum almost as long as wide, Family Bothrideridae Erichson, 1845 widest near anterior 1/3; distinctly wider than Subfamily Bothriderinae Erichson, 1845 head; trapezoidal in outline; dorsal surface Genus Pseudobothrideres Grouvelle, 1908 flattened to slightly impressed at middle, P. rugiorum sp.nov. convex laterally; anterior margin almost (Figs. 1A, 2A-B, 3A-B) straight; anterior angles triangular, nearly right; posterior margin slightly sinuate, distinctly Material examined. Holotype Nr. 273-1 narrower than elytral bases; posterior angles [CCHH], sex unknown. The beetle inclusion is pronounced. Lateral margins finely bordered preserved in a polished piece of transparent basally, with small denticle behind the middle. amber with a yellowish shade, possibly thermal Pronotal surface with small, dense, processed in an autoclave. The amber piece is longitudinally oval punctures. Pronotal disc with embedded in polyester resin (total tubercle enclosed by well impressed sulci, with measurements are 14 x 10 x 6 mm). The additional more or less parallel sulci. Additional syninclusions are represented by four fagacean sulci reaching base of pronotum. Punctation of stellate hairs. hypomeron elongate and coarse. Prosternum with rounded punctuation, not foveate in front Type strata. Baltic Amber. Eocene. of coxae. Prosternal process between coxae widened apically, roundly impressed, but Description: without transverse suture. Metasternum with Body: elongate, subparallel, dark; dorsal surface long and deep femoral lines almost reaching with short and small setae that arise from metacoxa. Scutellum triangularly rounded. punctures; ventral surface moderately shiny, glabrous. Length 5.25 mm. Width 1.5 mm (in Elytra: Elytra flattened dorsally, convex humeral area). laterally; jointly rounded apically. Five alternate intervals on each elytron carinate, especially 1 0 Two new cocoon-forming beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae) from Baltic amber Fig.1. The Baltic amber Pseudobothrideres, reconstructions: A – P. rugiorum sp.nov.; B – P.criwecriwayto sp.nov. apically. Suture carinate at apex only. Hind wings to the formula: 35-15-12-8-15. Ventrite V more are not apparent. densely punctured than preceding segments, impressed. The intercoxal process of abdominal Legs: Relative distances between coxae 3-1-6. ventrite I truncate, straight. Procoxae separated by distance twice width of coxal diameter. Femora and tibiae irregularly Differential diagnosis: The specimen 273-1 and densely punctate. All tibiae with two acute can be referred to the subfamily Bothriderinae short apical spurs. Protibiae with sharp and long due to the procoxae widely separated by the terminal outer teeth, mesotibiae with short prosternal process and the full combination of apical teeth. Tarsal formula 4-4-4. Last morphological characters of the family tarsomere the longest; basal tarsomere distinctly (elongate shape, 4-4-4 tarsi, capitate antennae longer than second segment and 1.5 times with 11 segments, antennal insertions exposed, shorter than segments II and III combined; five abdominal ventrites). The new fossil segments II and III equal in size and form. All species is assigned to the genus tarsomeres with sparse long setae ventrally. Pseudobothrideres Grouvelle, 1908 because of Tarsal claws are simple, large, equal in size. the following characters: elongate, striate- punctate elytra without tubercles and with Abdomen: with five similarly articulated carinate alternate intervals; 11-segmented ventrites; ventrite length proportions according antennae with 2-segmented antennal club; upper 1 1 Alekseev V.I. surface without scales; the trapezoidal in outline Body: Length 4.5 mm. Width (in the middle of pronotum without carinae but with tubercle elytra) 1.5 mm. Elongate, subparallel, dark; enclosed by well impressed sulci; not foveate dorsal surface glabrous, shiny, without visible in front of coxae prosternum; apical teeth on setation or pubescence (except the apical elytral mid and anterior tibiae present; apically teeth). prosternal process expanded; metasternum with long femoral lines. Pseudobothrideres Head: slightly narrowed anteriorly, convex; rugiorum sp.nov. can be distinguished from without supra-ocular ridges; punctures distinct, extant representatives of the genus by the small and dense. Frontoclypeal suture not well indistinct transverse suture of prosternal apparent. Anterior margin of clypeus broadly process, by the absence of the row of denticles arcuate. Antennal groove well-developed. along outer margin of anterior tibia, by the not Antennae clavate, sparsely setose, reaching subequal in length tarsomere I-III (basal meso- apical 1/4 of pronotum; scape and pedicel wide and metatarsomere distinctly longer than second (wider than antennal club), rounded; antennal one), by the finely bordered pronotum with club segments with sparse, long, setae located small denticle behind the middle, by the upper at or near distal margin of the segments. surface with short hair-like setae and by Antennal club symmetrical, weakly expressed, presence of additional sulci on pronotum. 2-segmented. Eyes: strongly protuberant, finely facetted, lacking interfacetal setae. Remarks. The femoral lines of ventrite I, an important character for diagnosis are not visible Thorax: Pronotum trapezoidal in outline, on the specimen because of the legs position. slightly transverse,
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