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Service of the Readers with Disabilities in Municipal Rural Libraries Of

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Service of the Readers with Disabilities in Municipal Rural Libraries Of ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤɌɨɦɫɤɨɝɨɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ Ʉɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɥɨɝɢɹɢɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. 2016. ʋ 4 (24) ɍȾɄ 027.52 (571.16) DOI: 10.17223/22220836/24/25 ɄȺ. Ʉɭɡɨɪɨ, ȺȺ. Ʌɹɩɤɨɜɚ ɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿɑɂɌȺɌȿɅȿɃɋɈȽɊȺɇɂɑȿɇɇɕɆɂ ȼɈɁɆɈɀɇɈɋɌəɆɂɁȾɈɊɈȼɖəȼɆɍɇɂɐɂɉȺɅɖɇɕɏɋȿɅɖɋɄɂɏ ȻɂȻɅɂɈɌȿɄȺɏɌɈɆɋɄɈɃɈȻɅȺɋɌɂ: ȺɇȺɅɂɁɈɉɕɌȺ1 ȼɫɬɚɬɶɟɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɨɩɵɬɪɚɛɨɬɵɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɌɨɦɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɩɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹɜ 2010-ɯɝɝ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵɬɚɤɢɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɢɯɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɤɚɤɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɧɟ- ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣɢɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɨɣɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ, ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɬɢɮɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ- ɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɨɫɭɝɚ, ɛɥɚɝɨɬɜɨ- ɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɤɰɢɢ, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ, ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸɢɯɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ, ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ, ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɟ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ, ɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɟɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ, ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ, Ɍɨɦɫɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ. ɉɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɞɟɩɚɪɬɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹɜɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɟɬɨɤɨɥɨ 60 ɬɵɫɹɱɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵ- ɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ (ɷɬɨɛɨɥɟɟ 5 % ɨɬɨɛɳɟɝɨɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ), ɢɡɧɢɯɩɨɱɬɢ 4 ɬɵɫɹɱɢɞɟɬɟɣɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ [1]. Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ Ɍɨɦɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɢ- ɦɟɧɟɟɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɢɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɣɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ [2. ɋɬ. 22]. Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɰɢɨɧɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚ- ɧɢɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹɤɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɝɨɫɭɞɚɪ- ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɜɥɚɫɬɢɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ [2. ɋɬ. 23]. ȼ 2003 ɝ. ɛɵɥɩɪɢɧɹɬɡɚɤɨɧ «ɈɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɡɚɳɢɬɟɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜɜɌɨɦɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ» (ɢɡɦ. ɨɬ 12.11.2015 ɝ.), ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɸɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ: – ɛɟɫɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɢɨɛ- ɥɚɫɬɧɵɦɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɢɥɶɝɨɬ; – ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɛɟɫɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɚɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜɤɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɫɨɰɢ- ɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣɢɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɣɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɤɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɦɜ ɧɢɯɭɫɥɭɝɚɦ; – ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɨɦɨɳɢɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ; – ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ; – ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɬɟɡɧɨɨɪɬɨɩɟɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ, ɫɥɭɯɨɩɪɨɬɟɡɧɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫ- ɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ; – ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɨɞ- ɝɨɬɨɜɤɚɢɩɟɪɟɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ; 1ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚɜɪɚɦɤɚɯɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɧɨɝɨɊȽɇɎɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɟɤɬɚʋ 15-33-01261. Ɉɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ 223 – ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɪɚɛɨɱɢɯɦɟɫɬ, ɰɟɯɨɜ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɞɥɹɨɛɟɫɩɟ- ɱɟɧɢɹɬɪɭɞɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ [3]. ȼɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬɌɨɦɫɤɨɟɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɨɪ- ɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, Ɍɨɦɫɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɚɹɨɛɳɟɫɬ- ɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ «ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɨɪɞɟɧɚ Ɍɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɝɨ Ɂɧɚɦɟɧɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ», Ɍɨɦɫɤɨɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟ- ɫɬɜɚ ɝɥɭɯɢɯ, Ɍɨɦɫɤɚɹ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢɨɩɟɤɭɧɨɜɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜɫɞɟɬɫɬɜɚ «ɇɟɡɚɛɭɞɤɚ»; ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɟɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ȼɰɟ- ɥɹɯɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɞɥɹɧɢɯɭɫɥɭɝɢɨɛɴ- ɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɮɟɪ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɚ «Ⱦɨɫɬɭɩɧɚɹɫɪɟɞɚ» (2015–2020). ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɧɫɬɢɬɭ- ɬɨɜ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠ- ɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ. ȼ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ ɫ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦɢ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ [4–7], ɞɟɬɶɦɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦɢ [8, 9]; ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɪɬɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢ- ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤ [10, 11], ɨɩɵɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ [12], ɢɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ [13], ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɪɟɣɤɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸɫɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɹɦɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦɢ [14]. Ɉɫɨɛɭɸɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬɜɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɣɦɟ- ɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɝɞɟ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧ- ɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɝɨɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɛɟɡɜɨɡɦɟɡɞɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨ- ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ, ɡɚɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣɞɨɫɭɝɚ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɫ ɨɝɪɚ- ɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ. ȼɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬɜɨɜɫɟɯ 16 ɪɚɣ- ɨɧɚɯ, ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 324 (ɩɨɞɚɧ- ɧɵɦɡɚ 2015 ɝ.) [15. ɋ. 13]. Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵɜɫɬɚɬɶɹɯȺȺ. Ʌɹɩɤɨɜɨɣ [16–18], ȿȺ. Ɇɚɫɹɣɤɢɧɨɣ [19, 20], ȾȺ. ɍɫɤɨɜɨɣ [20], ɄȺ. Ʉɭɡɨɪɨ [21, 22], Ⱥɂ. Ⱦɟɝɬɹɪɺɜɨɣ [23, 24]. ȼɱɢɫɥɟɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ – ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɦɢ ɥɸɞɶɦɢ, ɩɪɢɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɱɬɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɜ, ɤɪɚɟɜɟɞɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɮɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɠɢ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɫɟɦɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ, ɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ, ɢɧɮɨɪ- ɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɱɢɬɚɬɟ- ɥɟɣ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɜ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ Ɍɨɦɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɭɠɢɥɢ ɝɨɞɨɜɵɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɬɱɟɬɵ Ɍɨɦɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ (ɌɈɍɇȻ) ɢɦ. Ⱥɋ. ɉɭɲɤɢɧɚɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɯ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɡɚ 2011–2015 ɝɝ., ɪɚɣɨɧɧɚɹɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɩɟɱɚɬɶ. Ɋɚɛɨɬɭɫɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦɢɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬɜɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɟɫɨɛɳɟɫɬ- ɜɟɧɧɨɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɦɢ ɭɱ- ɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ: ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨ- ɨɡɞɨɪɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚɦɢ, ɫɨɜɟɬɚɦɢ ɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɪɟɚɛɢɥɢ- ɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢɰɟɧɬɪɚɦɢɞɥɹɧɟɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɥɟɬɧɢɯ, ɞɨɦɚɦɢɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ. ɋɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬ- 224 ɄȺ. Ʉɭɡɨɪɨ, ȺȺ. Ʌɹɩɤɨɜɚ ɧɵɯɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɚɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚɠɢɡɧɢɝɪɚ- ɠɞɚɧɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ. Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɚɤɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɞɧɢɦɢɡɜɚɠɧɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ. ɑɢɬɚɬɟɥɹɦ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡ- ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹɜɨɜɫɟɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɦɨɳɶɜɩɨɢɫɤɟɢɧ- ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɱɟɪɟɡɫɬɟɧɞɵ, ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɚɩɤɢ, ɛɭɤɥɟɬɵ. Ⱦɥɹɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ 50% ɫɤɢɞɤɚɧɚɩɥɚɬɧɵɟɭɫɥɭɝɢ – ɤɫɟ- ɪɨɤɨɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ, ɫɤɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɬɞ. ȼ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɢ, ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɵ, Ⱦɧɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɉɟɧɫɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɧɞɚ, ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɡɚɧɹɬɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɯɛɨɥɶɧɢɰ, ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ. Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡ- ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹɜɰɟɧɬɪɚɯɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɚɤɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɡɧɚɱɢ- ɦɨɣɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ – ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɜɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɫɥɭɠɛɚɯ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɵɣ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ, ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɸɳɢɯɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɭɸɩɨɦɨɳɶɩɨɟɟɩɨɢɫɤɭ. Ȼɨɥɶ- ɲɢɧɫɬɜɨɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɩɪɚɜɤɢɨɥɶɝɨɬɚɯɢɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɹɯ, ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɯɩɪɟ- ɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɠɢɥɶɹ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɬɚɤɫɢ; ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵɧɚɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ, ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɢɩɟɪɟ- ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɩɟɧɫɢɣ. ɋɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɭɪɫɵ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɝɪɚ- ɦɨɬɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɭɱɚɬɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶɜɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɟ Microsoft Word ɢɛɚɡɨɜɵɯɨɮɢɫɧɵɯɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ; ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɢɫ- ɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɬɨɣ, Skype, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɟɬɹɦɢ; ɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɬɶɭɫɥɭɝɢɀɄɏ, ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɬɶɬɨɜɚɪɵɱɟɪɟɡɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɢɬɞ. Ⱦɥɹɩɟɧ- ɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ «Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ». Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ – ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɦ, ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ, ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟɧɚɜɵɤɨɜɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ. Ɍɟɦɵ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ: ɤɚɤ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢ- ɦɵɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ «Ʉɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɉɥɸɫ», ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɷɥɟɤ- ɬɪɨɧɧɨɣɩɨɱɬɟɢɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɟɬɹɯ, ɧɚɭɱɢɬɶɫɹɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶɫɩɨɪɬɚɥɨɦɝɨɫɭɞɚɪ- ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ. ɉɪɨɟɤɬ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɧɞɨɦ Ɇ. ɉɪɨɯɨɪɨɜɚ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨɛɥɚɝɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ «ɇɨɜɚɹ ɪɨɥɶɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚ- ɧɢɢ» [25. C. 24]. ȼɄɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɨɦɪɚɣɨɧɟɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɹɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɧɟɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɵɯɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ- ɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ «ɒɤɨɥɚɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ». ȼɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɣɤɥɚɫɫ, ɝɞɟɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɢɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɟɬɪɟɧɢɧ- ɝɢ «Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɦ». Ȼɨɥɟɟ 300 ɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ Ʉɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɩɹɬɢ ɥɟɬ ɨɤɨɧɱɢɥɢ ©ɒɤɨɥɭɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ» [26. C. 2]. ȼ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɫɬɪɨ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɟ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɟ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɢ. ȿɠɟɝɨɞɧɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɟ ɛɢɛ- ɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɢɡɌɈɍɇȻɢɦ. Ⱥɋ. ɉɭɲɤɢɧɚɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɩɥɨɫɤɨɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɟɤɧɢɝɢɫɭɤ- ɪɭɩɧɟɧɧɵɦɲɪɢɮɬɨɦɢɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜɩɨɪɚɛɨɬɟɫɱɢɬɚ- ɬɟɥɹɦɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦɢ. ɇɚ ɫɚɣɬɚɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ Ɂɵɪɹɧɫɤɨɝɨ, Ɉɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ 225 ȼɟɪɯɧɟɤɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ, ɉɚɪɚɛɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ, ɑɚɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ. ȼ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɬɢɮɥɨɮɥɟɲɩɥɟɟɪɵ, ɦɚɝɧɢɬɨɮɨɧɵ, ɩɨɥɶɡɭɹɫɶɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ, ɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɨɫɥɭɲɚɬɶɚɭɞɢɨɤɧɢɝɢɢɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɟɠɭɪɧɚɥɵ. Ɇɧɨɝɢɟɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵɜɫɢɥɭɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɯɫɹɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸɨɬɨɪɜɚɧɵ ɨɬɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨɦɢɪɚ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɞɥɹɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢɨɛ- ɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɜɧɟɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜɩɨɫɟɥɤɟɈɪɟɯɨɜɨɉɟɪɜɨɦɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɪɶɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɬɜɞɨɦɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɬɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣɢɢɧɜɚ- ɥɢɞɨɜɧɨɜɵɟɤɧɢɝɢ, ɩɨɞɛɢɪɚɟɬɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭɩɨɡɚɹɜɤɚɦ. ȼɌɵɦɫɤɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟ- ɤɟ Ʉɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɚ «ɋɥɭɠɛɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɚ ɞɨɦ» ɞɥɹɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ, ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜɢɦɧɨɝɨɞɟɬɧɵɯɫɟɦɟɣ. ȼɄɨɥɩɚɲɟɜɫɤɨɦɪɚɣɨɧɟɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɵɢɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɧɚɞɨ- ɦɭ – ɟɠɟɦɟɫɹɱɧɨɤɧɢɦɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɥɢɩɪɢɟɡɠɚɟɬɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɚɛɨɧɟɦɟɧɬɚɰɟɧ- ɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ Ʉɨɥɩɚɲɟɜɫɤɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ. ȼ 2014 ɝ. ɬɚɤɢɦ ɜɢɞɨɦ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ 21 ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɶ [27. ɋ. 7]. Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɬɨɛɨɝɚɳɟɧɢɸɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɩɵɬɚɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɫɭɝɚ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ. ɂɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ, ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɦɢ, ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɸɬ ɤɭɱɚɫɬɢɸ ɜ ɮɟɫɬɢɜɚɥɹɯ, ɩɪɚɡɞɧɢɤɚɯ, ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬɚɯ, ɜɵɫɬɚɜɤɚɯ ɞɟɤɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-
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