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Elderly Persons in Rural Libraries of Tomsk Region.Pdf

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Elderly Persons in Rural Libraries of Tomsk Region.Pdf ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤɌɨɦɫɤɨɝɨɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ Ʉɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɥɨɝɢɹɢɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. 2015. ʋ 3(19) ɍȾɄ 027.52 (571.16) DOI 10.17223/22220836/19/13 ȺȺ. Ʌɹɩɤɨɜɚ ȼɈɁɆɈɀɇɈɋɌɂɊȺȻɈɌɕɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɌȿɅəɆɂ – ɉɈɀɂɅɕɆɂɅɘȾɖɆɂȼɋȿɅɖɋɄɂɏȻɂȻɅɂɈɌȿɄȺɏɌɈɆɋɄɈɃ ɈȻɅȺɋɌɂ1 ȼɫɬɚɬɶɟɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɩɨɪɚɛɨ- ɬɟɫɩɨɠɢɥɵɦɢɥɸɞɶɦɢ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɛɵɥɢɜɡɹɬɵɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɌɨɦ- ɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ. ɂɡɭɱɚɸɬɫɹɦɟɬɨɞɵɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨɢɧɟɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɟɥɸɞɢ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ: ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚɞɥɹɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɚɦɨɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɢɞɪ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟɫɥɨɜɚ:ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɟɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ, ɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɟɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ, Ɍɨɦɫɤɚɹɨɛ- ɥɚɫɬɶ. ɋɪɟɞɢɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɬɪɟɛɭɸ- ɳɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ. Ʉ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ «ɝɪɭɩɩɟɪɢɫɤɚ», ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɟɥɸɞɢ. ɇɚɷɬɨɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɁɚɤɨɧ ©Ɉɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦɞɟɥɟ», ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɳɢɣɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɩɪɚɜɚɨɫɨɛɵɯɝɪɭɩɩ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɫɬ. 8: «…ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɫɟ- ɳɚɬɶ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɭ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɩɪɟɤɥɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ, ɢɦɟɸɬɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵɢɡɮɨɧɞɨɜɨɛɳɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɱɟ- ɪɟɡ ɡɚɨɱɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɜɧɟɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɡɚɫɱɟɬɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɜɢɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɮɟ- ɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ» [1. ɋɬ. 8]. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹɫɬɚɬɶɹ, ɛɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ, ɧɟɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɢɝɪɭɩɩɵɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɱɢ- ɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣɢɯɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɢɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɣ. ɉɪɟɠɞɟɜɫɟɝɨ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɸɬɧɟɩɨɢɫɤɤɧɢɝɞɥɹɱɬɟɧɢɹ, ɚɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚɞɥɹɩɨɡɢ- ɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹɜɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɧɨɣɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟɜɵɯɨɞɚɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɧɚɩɟɧ- ɫɢɸɤɪɭɝɟɝɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɜɹɡɟɣɦɨɝɭɬɩɪɟɬɟɪɩɟɜɚɬɶɡɧɚɱɢ- ɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɤɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ. Ɉɤɚɡɵɜɚɹɫɶɜɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɫɜɨɟɣ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɨɥɢ, ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɬɶɫɹ, ɧɟ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨɠɢɥɵɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚɦɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ©ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ», ɤɨɝɞɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧ- ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɢɦɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɜɫɢɥɭɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯɡɧɚɧɢɣ. Ɋɟɱɶɢɞɟɬ ɨɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɹɧɚɜɵɤɚɦɢɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟ- ɪɨɦ, ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɩɨɢɫɤɚ. ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ, ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɨɛɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɬɶ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɟ ɩɪɨ- ɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧ- 1ɋɬɚɬɶɹɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚɩɪɢɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɊȽɇɎ, ɩɪɨɟɤɬʋ 15-33-01261. ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ – ɩɨɠɢɥɵɦɢɥɸɞɶɦɢɜɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ 97 ɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɫ ɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɜɨɜɫɟɯɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦɭ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɟɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ. Ɉɞɧɨɢɡɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɚɦɢ – ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɨɨɫɧɨɜ- ɧɵɦɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɭɸɳɢɦɷɬɭɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɸɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ, ɤɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ: ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ, ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɚ, ɫɚɞɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɢɪɭɤɨɞɟɥɢɟ. ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɟɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɰɟɧɬɪɚɦɢɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ- ɰɢɢ, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢɜɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ. Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɜɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɫɉɟɧɫɢɨɧ- ɧɵɦ ɮɨɧɞɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬ ɛɟɫɟɞɵ, Ⱦɧɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɢɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ. Ʉɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹɬɟɦɚ- ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɜɵɫɬɚɜɤɢ, ɭɝɨɥɤɢ. Ɍɚɤ, ɜɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟɫ. ɇɨɜɵɣɌɟɜɪɢɡɄɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ «ɍɝɨɥɨɤ ɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɚ», ɝɞɟ ɜɵɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɩɨ ɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɧɨɦɭɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ, ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɦɭɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ [2. ɋ. 42]. Ʉɚɤ ɭɠɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɩɥɨ- ɳɚɞɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ: ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɜɟɱɟɪɚ, ɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬɧɚɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣɨɫɧɨɜɟɤɥɭ- ɛɵ. Ɉɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɬɪɟɱ – ɬɟɦɚ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɣ Ɉɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɣɧɵ. ȼɫɬɪɟɱɢɫɩɨɠɢɥɵɦɢɥɸɞɶɦɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɸɬɫɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɦɢɩɪɢɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟ- ɫɬɜɟɫɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɫɤɢɦɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ [2. ɋ. 42]. Ɍɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ, ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɧɵɟɤȾɧɸɫɬɚɪɲɟɝɨɩɨɤɨ- ɥɟɧɢɹ. ȼ 2014 ɝ. ɜɫ. Ȼɚɤɱɚɪɩɪɨɲɥɚɚɤɰɢɹ «ɇɚɩɢɲɢɩɢɫɶɦɨɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɭ», ɜɤɨ- ɬɨɪɨɣɩɪɢɧɹɥɢɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɭɱɚɳɢɟɫɹȻɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɨɣɋɈɒ. Ȼɵɥɢɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɵ 43 ɩɢɫɶ- ɦɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɢ Ȼɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɨɣ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɣɨɧɧɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɜɪɭɱɢɥɢ ɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɚɦ – ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦ ɜɨɣɧɵ ɢ ɬɪɭɠɟɧɢɤɚɦ ɬɵɥɚ – ɧɚ ɦɢɬɢɧɝɟ 9 ɦɚɹ [3]. ȼ 2015 ɝ. ɜȻɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɨɣɞɟɬɫɤɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟɩɪɨɲɥɚɞɪɭɝɚɹɚɤɰɢɹ – ©ɉɨɡɞɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɤɚ», ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɤ 70-ɥɟɬɢɸ ɉɨɛɟɞɵ ɜ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɣ Ɉɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɣɧɟ. ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɚɤɰɢɢ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɰɵ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɢɥɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɤɢ ɪɭɱɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɜɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ «ɨɪɢɝɚɦɢ» ɢ «ɤɜɢɥɥɢɧɝ» ɫɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɤɨɣ 9 Ɇɚɹ. ɗɬɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɤɢ ɞɟɜɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɞɚɪɢɥɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɰɚɦ ɤɥɭɛɚ «Ʉɚɥɟɣɞɨɫɤɨɩ» Ȼɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɟɜɟɞɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɦɭɡɟɹɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɝɨɫɚɞɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ [4]. ȼɄɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɨɣɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟɧɚɤɚɧɭɧɟȾɧɹɉɨɛɟɞɵɜ 2014 ɝ. ɞɥɹɤɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɢɯɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ – ɱɥɟɧɨɜɤɥɭɛɚ «Ⱦɨɛɪɵɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ» ɛɵɥɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨ- ɜɚɧɩɪɚɡɞɧɢɤ, ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɡɜɭɱɚɥɚɦɭɡɵɤɚ, ɛɵɥɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɮɢɥɶɦ «Ƚɟɨɪɝɢɟɜɫɤɚɹ ɥɟɧɬɨɱɤɚ» ɭɱɟɧɢɰɵ ɤɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ʋ 2 ɂɪɢɧɵ ɀɭɤɨɜɨɣ, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦɭɱɢɬɟɥɹɅɎ. Ɍɟɫɬɨɜɨɣ, ɩɪɨɲɥɚɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧ- ɧɨɣɜɵɫɬɚɜɤɢ «Ɇɵɡɚɰɟɧɨɣɧɟɩɨɫɬɨɢɦ!» [5. ɋ. 30]. ɉɨɦɢɦɨɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɜɫɬɪɟɱ, ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɯɤɚɤɨɦɭɥɢɛɨɩɪɚɡɞɧɢɤɭ, ɭɫɬ- ɪɚɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɢɝɪɵ, ɦɭɡɵɤɚɥɶɧɵɟɜɟɱɟɪɚɢɞɪ. Ɍɚɤ, ɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣɜɁɚɣ- ɰɟɜɫɤɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɜ 2014 ɝ. ɛɵɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɢɝɪɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ «ȼɫɩɨɦɧɢɦ ɞɟɬɫɬɜɨ ɡɨɥɨɬɨɟ», «ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɜɟɫɟɥɨ»; ɑɢɥɢɧ- ɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɄɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɫȾɄɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɥɚɛɟ- ɫɟɞɭɞɟɝɭɫɬɚɰɢɸ «ɉɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɫɬɨɥ», ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɦɭɡɵɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɵ «Ɍɢɯɚɹ ɦɨɹɪɨɞɢɧɚ» ɢ «Ɋɭɫɫɤɨɣɩɟɫɧɢɡɚɩɟɜɚɥɚ» ɢɞɪ. [9. ɋ. 25] Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɦɢɢɧɢɰɢɢɪɭɸɬɫɹɢɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɚɤɰɢɢ. Ɍɚɤ, ɜ 2014 ɝ. ȿɥɝɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɢ Ɂɚɣɰɟɜɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɦɢ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɦɢ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɛɵɥɚɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɚɛɥɚɝɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɚɤɰɢɹ «Ɋɹɞɨɦɠɢɜɟɬɜɟɬɟɪɚɧ», ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ 98 ȺȺ. Ʌɹɩɤɨɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɪɢɢɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɢɩɨɦɨɝɚɥɢɨɱɢɳɚɬɶɫɧɟɝ, ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɬɶɞɪɨɜɚ, ɩɨɤɭɩɚɥɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ, ɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɥɢɤɧɢɝɢɢɞɪ. ɞɥɹɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ; Ɉɫɢɧɨɜɫɤɨɣɫɟɥɶ- ɫɤɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɨɣ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɚɤɰɢɹ ©ɋȾɧɟɦ ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ», ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɪɶ ɢ ɸɧɵɟ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɨ- ɡɞɪɚɜɥɹɥɢɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜɸɛɢɥɹɪɨɜɧɚɞɨɦɭ [9. ɋ. 25–26]. Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɨɛɳɟɧɢɟɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣɧɟɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɫɜɨɟɣɜɨɡ- ɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɱɚɫɬɨɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɬɜɫɬɪɟɱɢɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ ɫɦɥɚɞɲɢɦ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɟɦ. Ɍɚɤɢɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɢɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɜɪɭɫɥɟɢɞɪɭɝɨɝɨɜɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ – ɩɚɬɪɢɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɠɢ. ȼɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ, ɜɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɥɭɛɚ «ɂɫɬɨ- ɤɢ» ȻɨɥɶɲɟɝɚɥɤɢɧɫɤɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢȻɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɨɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚ. ȼɪɚɦɤɚɯɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ- ɫɬɢɤɥɭɛɚɞɥɹɸɧɵɯɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɟɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɸɬɫɹɜɫɬɪɟɱɢɫɡɟɦɥɹɤɚɦɢ- ɫɬɚɪɨɠɢɥɚɦɢ. Ɉɞɧɚɢɡɜɫɬɪɟɱɜ 2014 ɝ. ɛɵɥɚɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ 40-ɥɟɬɢɸȼɚɞɢɦɚɋɟɪ- ɝɟɟɜɢɱɚȽɟɪɦɚɧɚ, ɠɢɬɟɥɹɫɟɥɚ, ɩɨɝɢɛɲɟɝɨɜ 1995 ɝ. ɜɑɟɱɧɟ [6. ɋ. 47]. Ʉɥɭɛɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ. ȼɄɪɢɜɨɲɟɢɧɫɤɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟɬɚɤɨɣɤɥɭɛɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ «ɇɚɞɟɠɞɚ», ɜɄɚɪɝɚɫɨɤ- ɫɤɨɣ – «Ⱦɨɛɪɵɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ», ɜɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟɑɚɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ, Ȼɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɢɜɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟɫ. ɌɭɧɝɭɫɤɚɆɨɥɱɚɧɨɜɫɤɨɝɨɪɚɣɨɧɚ – «ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ» ɢɬɞ. ɋɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɟɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɜɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɤɥɭɛɨɜɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣ, ɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵɜɬɚɛɥ. 1. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1 ɄɥɭɛɵɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɪɚɣɨɧɨɜɌɨɦɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɞɚɧɧɵɦ 2014–2015 ɝɝ.) Ɋɚɣɨɧ Ʉɥɭɛɵ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ Ɇɟɫɬɨɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ 1 2 3 ɇɚɞɟɠɞɚ Ȼɗɐɝ. Ⱥɫɢɧɨ Ɉɛɳɟɧɢɟ Ƚɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɮɢɥɢɚɥʋ 1 ɋɨɫɟɧɤɚ, ɤɥɭɛɩɨɨɪɝɚɧɢ- Ƚɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɮɢɥɢɚɥʋ 2 ɡɚɰɢɢɞɨɫɭɝɚɥɸɞɟɣɫɬɚɪ- Ⱥɫɢɧɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɲɟɝɨɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ Ʌɚɞɚ Ƚɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɮɢɥɢɚɥʋ 23 ɉɪɢɹɬɧɵɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. ɇɨɜɨɄɭɫɤɨɜɨ Ɂɚɱɚɲɤɨɣɱɚɹ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. Ʉɚɡɚɧɤɚ Ȼɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɢɣ ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ ȻɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ ȼɟɪɯɧɟɤɟɬɫɤɚɹɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɋɚɞɨɜɨɞ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚ ȼɟɪɯɧɟɤɟɬɫɤɢɣ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɩ. ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜɤɚ Ȼɚɛɭɲɤɢ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɩ. ɇɢɛɟɝɚ ɋɨɫɟɞɭɲɤɢ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɩ. Ⱦɪɭɠɧɵɣ ɋɭɞɚɪɭɲɤɚ ɂɥɨɜɫɤɢɣɮɢɥɢɚɥ Ɇɚɫɬɟɪɢɰɚ Ȼɟɪɥɢɧɫɤɢɣɮɢɥɢɚɥ Ɂɵɪɹɧɫɤɢɣ ɂɫɤɭɫɧɢɰɚɧɢɬɨɤ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɹɪɫɤɢɣɮɢɥɢɚɥ ɏɨɡɹɸɲɤɚ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɁɵɪɹɧɫɤɨɝɨ ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ – ɩɨɠɢɥɵɦɢɥɸɞɶɦɢɜɫɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ 99 ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟɬɚɛɥ. 1 1 2 3 Ɇɵɡɚɱɚɟɦɧɟɫɤɭɱɚɟɦ ɑɟɪɞɚɬɫɤɢɣɮɢɥɢɚɥ Ʉɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɢɣ Ⱦɨɛɪɵɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ ɄɚɪɝɚɫɨɤɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ Ɂɨɥɨɬɨɣɜɨɡɪɚɫɬ ɄɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ Ɂɨɥɨɬɨɣɜɨɡɪɚɫɬ ɍɪɬɚɦɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɉɨɞɪɭɠɤɚ Ɉɫɢɧɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɇɨɜɨɩɨɤɪɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ȼɟɪɟɝɢɧɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɋɭɞɚɪɭɲɤɚ ȼɨɪɨɧɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɋɬɚɪɨɸɜɚɥɢɧɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɍɟɦ, ɤɨɦɭɡɚ… ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ Ʉɨɥɩɚɲɟɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱦɚɱɧɢɤɢ ɆȻɍ «Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ», ɫ. Ʉɨɥɩɚɲɟɜɨ ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧɫɤɢɣɤɥɭɛ ɄɪɢɜɨɲɟɢɧɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ ©ɇɚɞɟɠɞɚ» Ʉɥɭɛɞɥɹɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɰɜɟɬɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɩɟɧɫɢɧɟɪɨɜ ɄɪɢɜɨɲɟɢɧɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ ©Ɏɥɨɪɚ» Ⱦɨɛɪɵɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ ɉɭɞɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɇɟɩɨɫɟɞɭɲɤɚ, ɤɥɭɛɞɥɹ ɉɭɞɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɢ ɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ ɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɫɤɚɹɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɫ. ɉɭɞɨɜɤɚ Ʉɪɢɜɨɲɟɢɧɫɤɢɣ Ʉɨɦɭɡɚ 50 Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. ɀɭɤɨɜɨ ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚ, ɤɥɭɛ ȼɨɥɨɞɢɧɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɞɥɹɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɨɜ Ɉɬɪɚɞɚ, ɤɥɭɛ Ɇɚɥɢɧɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɞɥɹɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ Ɂɞɨɪɨɜɶɟ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. Ʉɪɚɫɧɵɣəɪ ɇɨɜɨɤɪɢɜɨɲɟɢɧɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ Ɉɝɨɪɨɞɧɢɤ, ɤɥɭɛɞɥɹɩɟɧ- ɆɨɥɱɚɧɨɜɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ ɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ Ɇɚɫɬɟɪɢɰɚ, ɤɥɭɛɞɥɹɠɟɧ- ɆɨɥɱɚɧɨɜɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ Ɇɨɥɱɚɧɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɳɢɧɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɢɩɨɠɢɥɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɀɢɬɶɡɞɨɪɨɜɨ! Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. Ɇɚɝɨɱɢɧɨ ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. Ɍɭɧɝɭɫɨɜɤɚ Ʌɚɞɚ, ɠɟɧɫɤɢɣɤɥɭɛ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. ɋɬɚɪɢɰɚ, ɤɥɭɛȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ ɉɚɪɚɛɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ Ⱥɤɬɢɜɢɫɬɵ ɇɨɜɢɤɨɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ȻɊɂɁ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɩ. Ʉɢɪɡɚɜɨɞ ɉɟɪɜɨɦɚɣɫɤɢɣ ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚ, ɤɥɭɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ Ȼɟɪɟɝɚɟɜɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣ Ɍɟɝɭɥɶɞɟɬɫɤɢɣ ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚ, ɤɥɭɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɌɟɝɭɥɶɞɟɬɫɤɚɹɐȻɋ ɞɥɹɩɨɠɢɥɵɯɥɸɞɟɣ əɝɨɞɤɚ Ȼɟɥɨɹɪɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ 100 ȺȺ. Ʌɹɩɤɨɜɚ Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟɬɚɛɥ. 1 1 2 3 Ɍɨɦɫɤɢɣ ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ ɑɚɢɧɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ, ɫ. ɉɨɞɝɨɪɧɨɟ ɋɚɞɨɜɨɞ, ɤɥɭɛ ɇɨɜɨɤɨɥɨɦɢɧɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɞɥɹɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɍɫɬɶȻɚɤɱɚɪɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ ȼɟɬɟɪɚɧ ɑɚɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ, ȾɄ ɋɭɞɚɪɭɲɤɚ Ʌɟɛɨɬɟɪɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɏɨɡɹɸɲɤɚ Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɫ. ɄɨɥɨɦɢɧɫɤɢɟȽɪɢɜɵ Ⱥɡɚɥɢɹ Ƚɪɢɲɢɧɫɤɚɹɫɟɥɶɫɤɚɹɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ Ɉɛɳɟɧɢɟ, ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɒɟɝɚɪɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɬɢɧɚɹɞɥɹɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɒɟɝɚɪɫɤɚɹɐɊȻ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɢɩɟɧɫɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨɬɚɛɥɢɰɚɧɟɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɜɫɟɣɩɨɥɧɨɬɵɤɚɪɬɢɧɵɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɫɥɸɞɶɦɢɩɨɠɢɥɨɝɨɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɢɷɬɨɣɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ
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