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Apresentação Do Powerpoint RUSSULACEAE EM ÁREAS DO NORTE E NORDESTE DO BRASIL, DEPOSITADOS NOS HERBÁRIOS UFRN-FUNGOS E JPB Mariana Cavalcante e Almeida Sá ________________________________________________ Tese de Doutorado Natal/RN, Junho de 2018 MARIANA CAVALCANTE E ALMEIDA SÁ RUSSULACEAE EM ÁREAS DO NORTE E NORDESTE DO BRASIL, DEPOSITADOS NOS HERBÁRIOS UFRN-FUNGOS E JPB Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução como requisito parcial para obtenção de título de Doutor em Sistemática e Evolução. Área de concentração: Taxonomia e Sistemática Orientador: Prof. Dr. Felipe Wartchow, UFPB. Natal 2018 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Sistema de Bibliotecas - SISBI Catalogação de Publicação na Fonte. UFRN - Biblioteca Setorial Prof. Leopoldo Nelson - •Centro de Biociências - CB Sá, Mariana Cavalcante e Almeida. Russulaceae em áreas do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, depositados nos herbários UFRN-FUNGOS e JPB / Mariana Cavalcante e Almeida Sá. - Natal, 2018. 92 f.: il. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Biociências. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Felipe Wartchow. 1. Basidiomycota - Tese. 2. Russulales - Tese. 3. Russula - Tese. 4. Lactifluus - Tese. I. Wartchow, Felipe. II. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. III. Título. RN/UF/BSE-CB CDU 561.284 Elaborado por KATIA REJANE DA SILVA - CRB-15/351 Aprovada em ___/___/2018. BANCA EXAMINADORA: _______________________________________________ Dr. Felipe Wartchow Universidade Federal da Paraíba (Orientador) _______________________________________________ Dra. Bianca Denise Barbosa da Silva Universidade Federal da Bahia _______________________________________________ Dra. Carla Rejane Sousa de Lira Universidade Federal de Pernambuco _______________________________________________ Dra. Georgea Santos Nogueira de Melo Universidade Federal de Pernambuco _______________________________________________ Dr. Rhudson Henrique Santos Ferreira da Cruz Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal 2018 DEDICATÓRIA À Deus, por ter me propiciado realizar este trabalho; Aos meus pais, Ana Maria e Geraldo Sá, meus avós, Odete e Otávio, e meu esposo, Vandir e a nossa filha, Maria Helena tão preciosos e importantes para mim. AGRADECIMENTOS Primeiramente, agradeço à Deus por ter me dado a possibilidade de concluir mais esta etapa em minha vida, por ter sempre guiado meus passos, por ter aberto tantas portas, ter cuidado de mim e pela minha salvação. Agradeço também a minha mãe Ana Maria Cavalcante Lopes por ser a melhor mãe do mundo, por estar ao meu lado sempre, por extrair o melhor de mim e por ser a melhor avó do mundo. Ao meu pai, Geraldo de Almeida Sá (in memorian), que não está mais entre nós, mas tenho certeza que estaria ao meu lado sendo o pai maravilhoso que sempre foi e o maior apoiador dos meus sonhos. Aos meus avós, Odete Cavalcante Lopes e Otávio Lopes da Silva (in memorian), pelo amor, paciência, carinho e amor. À minha tia Meiry Lucy pelas orações, amor e carinho, és uma segunda mãe para mim, obrigada por nunca duvidar da minha capacidade mesmo quando eu não acreditei. Agradecer ao meu esposo e parceiro, Vandir de Sousa Araújo, pelo companheirismo, amizade, amor, força e perseverança, obrigada por estar sempre ao meu lado e por ter me dado o maior presente do mundo uma bela família com a chegada da nossa linda Maria Helena. À minha filha Maria que neste momento, ainda tão pequena, não sabe o quanto mudou a minha vida, o quanto seu sorriso é fundamental para mim, filha você mudou meu coração e, graças a você sou uma pessoa melhor. Agradeço a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, mais especificamente ao Centro de Biociências e ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução: a todos os docentes que fizeram parte dessa minha nova formação, por todo o conhecimento transmitido e por todo apoio. Tenho prazer em agradecer à CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) pela concessão de bolsa de estudo em nível de Doutorado e pela bolsa do doutorado sanduíche (PDSE) e ao Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade do Semiárido (PPBio Semiárido/CNPq/MCT). Agradeço ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Felipe Wartchow, por nunca ter me deixado fraquejar, por ser meu amigo, por nunca se negar a me ajudar, por todos os conselhos, levarei o senhor para sempre em meu coração. Agradeço também a todos os membros do Laboratório de Biologia de Fungos, e em especial ao Prof. Dr. Iuri Goulart Baseia, por ter me recebido como orientanda no mestrado, por ter acreditado em mim e por fazer eu me sentir em casa em Natal. Entre os demais não posso esquecer da Dra. Bianca Denise, pelo apoio e acolhida em sua casa, pelos conselhos e ombro amigo sempre disponível, Marcelo Sulzbacher, meu amigo de coletas, obrigada por compartilhar espécimes e conselhos de vida, ao Rhudson Henrique Santos F. Da Cruz, grande potência micológica, obrigada pela amizade, conselhos e por compartilhar um pouco da sua vida comigo. Gostaria de agradecer a todos que me acolheram em Toulouse, França, em especial a prof. Dra. Mélanie Roy por ter me recebido, por me acolher e por acreditar no trabalho, ao Jan Hanckel por ter compartilhado sua casa comigo por uns dias, por ter me ensinado tanto sobre molecular, meu muito obrigada. À Sophie Manzi por todos os “bom dia” que recebi, sempre com um sorriso amoroso, obrigada pela paciência ao me ensinar a extrair DNA, obrigada por me ajudar a encontrar um lugar para morar, obrigada por ser sempre tão carinhosa. Obrigada Laura, pela companhia no laboratório, pelas risadas sempre presentes, obrigada por me fazer sentir mais em casa. Não posso deixar de citar alguns membros importantes nessa jornada, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba a Dra. Maria do Céo, pelo ombro amigo, dicas especiais, amor e companheirismo, por ter dividido a maternidade comigo, por ter compartilhado esse momento especial junto comigo. Gostaria de mostrar minha gratidão aos membros da Banca examinadora de defesa por aceitarem o convite e a disponibilidade dos membros que aceitaram a participação como suplentes. Agradeço também aos membros da Banca examinadora de qualificação pelos importantes comentários no momento oportuno. À Rhayssa Raquel, Roberto Ribeiro, Naíla Bronzeado, André Bronzeado, Ercules Diniz, Suênia Diniz, Maria Lenice Diniz, Dani, Márcio, Dailanne, Juliano pela amizade, carinho, orações, companheirismo e amor, sempre serei grata por tê-los em minha vida. Ás minha segundas mães Lenide Duarte de Sá (in memorian), que me viu crescer, que sempre me colocou para cima, dona dos melhores conselhos e das melhores risadas, obrigada pelo amor e carinho que sempre tiveste por mim, gostaria muito que você estivesse aqui para compartilhar mais esse momento, mas sei que estás com DEUS e isso me conforta. Simone Coutinho companheira, amiga, amorosa, risonha, obrigada por ter cuidado de mim como a uma filha, obrigada pelas conversas por Skype, por seu amor e atenção comigo. Glória pelas risadas, conselhos, por acompanhar minha gestação até praticamente a hora de Maria Helena nascer, obrigada do fundo do meu coração e por fim, mas não menos importante, Tânia, que feliz reencontro, obrigada pela força, fé e amor para comigo e minha família, obrigada por ter nos amado e acolhido, amo-te demais. Aos meus colegas de trabalho Shirley Paixão, Hebe, Jaqueline Santos, Jaqueline Albuquerque, Laudenice, Luciana, Bábara, Karina e Morgana e ao Marcos pelo apoio e amizade. Aos meus alunos queridos e amados, obrigada pelos grandes momentos. Aos demais que direta ou indiretamente me ajudaram e participaram desse novo passo, obrigada. “Combati o bom combate, acabei a carreira, guardei a fé.” 2 Timóteo 4:7 RESUMO A família Russulaceae Lotsy é composta por basidiomicetos ectomicorrízicos, com alguns representantes desta família apresentando também interesse econômico na indústria farmacológica e culinária. A maioria dos representantes dessa família possuem basidioma agaricoide, mas há representantes pleurotoides, secotioides e gasteroides que compartilham características microscópicas similares. A maioria das espécies desta família são descritas para regiões temperadas e Paleotrópicas, isso faz com quea diversidade para Neotropicos pareça menor quando comparada com as demais regiões, possivelmente devido a falta de esforço de coleta e/ou falta de especialistas para fazer a correta identificação das espécies depositadas em herbários. Os representantes agaricoides da família Russulaceae estão divididos em quatro gêneros Lactarius, Lactifluus, Multifurca e Russula. No Brasil existem, atualmente, sete espécies descritas de Lactifluus, 21 espécies de Lactarius e 31 espécies de Russula. Neste trabalho, foram analizadas morfologicamente dez espécies depositadas nos herbários da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte e da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, sendo três espécies de Lactifluus (Lf. paraensis, Lf. piperogalactus e Lf. venosellus) e sete de Russula (R. candida, R. glutinosa, R. pices, R. pisciodora, Russula rondonensis e duas de R. puiggarii). Estas espécies foram coletadas nas regiões Norte, nos Estados do Pará e Roraima; e Nordeste do Brasil nos Estados da Paraíba e Pernambuco, e, com exceção de R. puiggarii, todas são novas espécies para a ciência. Também foram realizadas análises moleculares de 60 espécies dos gêneros Lactifluus e Russula, utilizando sequências da região ITS obtidas do banco de dados Genbank; para o primeiro gênero as espécies brasileiras Lf. caatingae, Lf. dunensis e Lf. paraensis, pertencendo
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