The Überlist of Araceae, Totals for Published and Estimated Number of Species in Aroid Genera P.C
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The Exclusively Neotropical Genus Scaphispatha Was Formerly Considered Monospecific. the Type Species
A REVISION OF SCAPHISPATHA (ARACEAE – CALADIEAE) INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES Eduardo Gomes Gonçalves1 ABSTRACT (A revision of Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae) including a new species) The formerly considered monospecific genus Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae) is here revised. Scaphispatha robusta E.G.Gonç, a second species for the genus is newly described from the Cerrado Biome and the transition Cerrado- Amazonia. It differs from S. gracilis Brongn. ex Schott by the much more robust petioles and leaves, primary lateral veins drying clearer than the lamina, lateral secondary veins conspicously more prominent than tertiary veins and for the female spadix with 11-15 rows of flowers visible in side view. A key to separate both species is provided, as well as ink illustrations and general remarks on the genus. Key-words: Scaphispatha, Cerrado, Caladieae, Araceae, geophyte. RESUMO (Revisão de Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae), incluíndo a descrição de uma nova espécie para o gênero) O gênero Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae), até então considerado monoespecífico, é aqui revisado. Scaphispatha robusta E.G.Gonç., uma segunda espécie para o gênero é descrita para o bioma Cerrado e a transição Cerrado-Amazonia. Difere de S. gracilis Brongn. ex Schott pelos pecíolos e folhas muito mais robustas, nervuras laterais mais claras que o limbo quando secas, nervuras laterais secundárias mais proemi- nentes que as terciárias e pela porção feminina do espádice com 11-15 espirais de flores visíveis em vista lateral. Uma chave para separar as espécies, assim como ilustrações em nanquim e aspectos gerais para o gênero são apresentados. Palavras-chave: Scaphispatha, Cerrado, Caladieae, Araceae, geófita. INTRODUCTION was recognized when plants from Pará state The exclusively neotropical genus (Northern Brazil) flowered in cultivation. -
The Evolution of Pollinator–Plant Interaction Types in the Araceae
BRIEF COMMUNICATION doi:10.1111/evo.12318 THE EVOLUTION OF POLLINATOR–PLANT INTERACTION TYPES IN THE ARACEAE Marion Chartier,1,2 Marc Gibernau,3 and Susanne S. Renner4 1Department of Structural and Functional Botany, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria 2E-mail: [email protected] 3Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Ecologie des Foretsˆ de Guyane, 97379 Kourou, France 4Department of Biology, University of Munich, 80638 Munich, Germany Received August 6, 2013 Accepted November 17, 2013 Most plant–pollinator interactions are mutualistic, involving rewards provided by flowers or inflorescences to pollinators. An- tagonistic plant–pollinator interactions, in which flowers offer no rewards, are rare and concentrated in a few families including Araceae. In the latter, they involve trapping of pollinators, which are released loaded with pollen but unrewarded. To understand the evolution of such systems, we compiled data on the pollinators and types of interactions, and coded 21 characters, including interaction type, pollinator order, and 19 floral traits. A phylogenetic framework comes from a matrix of plastid and new nuclear DNA sequences for 135 species from 119 genera (5342 nucleotides). The ancestral pollination interaction in Araceae was recon- structed as probably rewarding albeit with low confidence because information is available for only 56 of the 120–130 genera. Bayesian stochastic trait mapping showed that spadix zonation, presence of an appendix, and flower sexuality were correlated with pollination interaction type. In the Araceae, having unisexual flowers appears to have provided the morphological precon- dition for the evolution of traps. Compared with the frequency of shifts between deceptive and rewarding pollination systems in orchids, our results indicate less lability in the Araceae, probably because of morphologically and sexually more specialized inflorescences. -
Bonpland and Humboldt Specimens, Field Notes, and Herbaria; New Insights from a Study of the Monocotyledons Collected in Venezuela
Bonpland and Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela Fred W. Stauffer, Johann Stauffer & Laurence J. Dorr Abstract Résumé STAUFFER, F. W., J. STAUFFER & L. J. DORR (2012). Bonpland and STAUFFER, F. W., J. STAUFFER & L. J. DORR (2012). Echantillons de Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study Bonpland et Humboldt, carnets de terrain et herbiers; nouvelles perspectives of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela. Candollea 67: 75-130. tirées d’une étude des monocotylédones récoltées au Venezuela. Candollea In English, English and French abstracts. 67: 75-130. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. The monocotyledon collections emanating from Humboldt and Les collections de Monocotylédones provenant des expéditions Bonpland’s expedition are used to trace the complicated ways de Humboldt et Bonpland sont utilisées ici pour retracer les in which botanical specimens collected by the expedition were cheminements complexes des spécimens collectés lors returned to Europe, to describe the present location and to de leur retour en Europe. Ces collections sont utilisées pour explore the relationship between specimens, field notes, and établir la localisation actuelle et la composition d’importants descriptions published in the multi-volume “Nova Genera et jeux de matériel associés à ce voyage, ainsi que pour explorer Species Plantarum” (1816-1825). Collections in five European les relations existantes entre les spécimens, les notes de terrain herbaria were searched for monocotyledons collected by et les descriptions parues dans les divers volumes de «Nova the explorers. In Paris, a search of the Bonpland Herbarium Genera et Species Plantarum» (1816-1825). -
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part II Monocotyledons Stanwyn G. Shetler Sylvia Stone Orli Botany Section, Department of Systematic Biology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 MAP OF THE CHECKLIST AREA Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part II Monocotyledons by Stanwyn G. Shetler and Sylvia Stone Orli Department of Systematic Biology Botany Section National Museum of Natural History 2002 Botany Section, Department of Systematic Biology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 Cover illustration of Canada or nodding wild rye (Elymus canadensis L.) from Manual of the Grasses of the United States by A. S. Hitchcock, revised by Agnes Chase (1951). iii PREFACE The first part of our Annotated Checklist, covering the 2001 species of Ferns, Fern Allies, Gymnosperms, and Dicotyledons native or naturalized in the Washington-Baltimore Area, was published in March 2000. Part II covers the Monocotyledons and completes the preliminary edition of the Checklist, which we hope will prove useful not only in itself but also as a first step toward a new manual for the identification of the Area’s flora. Such a manual is needed to replace the long- outdated and out-of-print Flora of the District of Columbia and Vicinity of Hitchcock and Standley, published in 1919. In the preparation of this part, as with Part I, Shetler has been responsible for the taxonomy and nomenclature and Orli for the database. As with the first part, we are distributing this second part in preliminary form, so that it can be used, criticized, and updated while the two parts are being readied for publication as a single volume. -
The Genus Amorphophallus
The Genus Amorphophallus (Titan Arums) Origin, Habit and General Information The genus Amorphophallus is well known for the famous Amorphophallus titanum , commonly known as "Titan Arum". The Titan Arum holds the plant world record for an unbranched single inflorescence. The infloresence eventually may reach up to three meters and more in height. Besides this oustanding species more than 200 Amorphophallus species have been described - and each year some more new findings are published. A more or less complete list of all validly described Amorphophallus species and many photos are available from the website of the International Aroid Society (http://www.aroid.org) . If you are interested in this fascinating genus, think about becoming a member of the International Aroid Society! The International Aroid Society is the worldwide leading society in aroids and offers a membership at a very low price and with many benefits! A different website for those interested in Amorphophallus hybrids is: www.amorphophallus-network.org This page features some awe-inspiring new hybrids, e.g. Amorphophallus 'John Tan' - an unique and first time ever cross between Amorphophallus variabilis X Amorphophallus titanum ! The majority of Amorphophallus species is native to subtropical and tropical lowlands of forest margins and open, disturbed spots in woods throughout Asia. Few species are found in Africa (e.g. Amorphophallus abyssinicus , from West to East Africa), Australia (represented by a single species only, namely Amorphophallus galbra , occuring in Queensland, North Australia and Papua New Guinea), and Polynesia respectively. Few species, such as Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Madagascar to Polynesia), serve as a food source throughout the Asian region. -
Disentangling the Phenotypic Variation and Pollination Biology of the Cyclocephala Sexpunctata Species Complex (Coleoptera:Scara
DISENTANGLING THE PHENOTYPIC VARIATION AND POLLINATION BIOLOGY OF THE CYCLOCEPHALA SEXPUNCTATA SPECIES COMPLEX (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE) A Thesis by Matthew Robert Moore Bachelor of Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009 Submitted to the Department of Biological Sciences and the faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science July 2011 © Copyright 2011 by Matthew Robert Moore All Rights Reserved DISENTANGLING THE PHENOTYPIC VARIATION AND POLLINATION BIOLOGY OF THE CYCLOCEPHALA SEXPUNCTATA SPECIES COMPLEX (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE) The following faculty members have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content, and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science with a major in Biological Sciences. ________________________ Mary Jameson, Committee Chair ________________________ Bin Shuai, Committee Member ________________________ Gregory Houseman, Committee Member ________________________ Peer Moore-Jansen, Committee Member iii DEDICATION To my parents and my dearest friends iv "The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and all science. He to whom this emotion is a stranger, who can no longer pause to wonder and stand rapt in awe, is as good as dead: his eyes are closed." – Albert Einstein v ACKNOWLEDMENTS I would like to thank my academic advisor, Mary Jameson, whose years of guidance, patience and enthusiasm have so positively influenced my development as a scientist and person. I would like to thank Brett Ratcliffe and Matt Paulsen of the University of Nebraska State Museum for their generous help with this project. -
Anaphyllopsis: a New Neotropical Genus of Araceae-Lasieae
A. Hay, 1988 25 Anaphyllopsis: A New Neotropical Genus of Araceae-Lasieae Alistair Hay Department of Plant Sciences South Parks Road Oxford England During the course of revising the spe phyllous (under normal conditions of cies of Cyrtosperma in the Far East, it growth) in C. americanum, whereas in became necessary to review generic limits Dracontioides it is rhizomatous and pol in the tribe Lasieae sensu Engler ( 1911 ) as phyllous, and in Dracontium it is cormous amended by Bogner ( 1973 ). It has become and monophyllous. apparent that the pantropical Cyrtosperma It is proposed here that a new genus, circumscribed by Engler (loc. cit.) is Anaphyllopsis, be erected as an alternative heterogeneous. to "lumping" Dracontium, Dracontioides Three species of Cyrtosperma have and C. americanum. Were the latter been recognized for the New World. Two course to be adopted, the resulting broad of these belong in extant genera--C. generic concept of Dracontium would be wurdackii Bunting (Urospatba) and C. inconsistent with the existing rather nar spruceanum (Schott) Engler (Dra row limits between other genera of the contium). The necessary new combina Lasieae such as Podolasia, Urospatba, tions are to be made elsewhere, in a Lasia and Cyrtosperma s.s. forthcoming revision of Cyrtosperma. The Two new species of Anapbyllopsis are third species, C. americanum Engler, can described, both, sadly, from single frag not be fitted into any presently recognised mentary collections. Their leaf blades genus. however, are so distinctive as to justify drawing attention to these plants as repre Subtribal and generic limits in the sentatives of new and apparently rare Lasieae are also to be dealt with elsewhere. -
History and Current Status of Systematic Research with Araceae
HISTORY AND CURRENT STATUS OF SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH WITH ARACEAE Thomas B. Croat Missouri Botanical Garden P. O. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 U.S.A. Note: This paper, originally published in Aroideana Vol. 21, pp. 26–145 in 1998, is periodically updated onto the IAS web page with current additions. Any mistakes, proposed changes, or new publications that deal with the systematics of Araceae should be brought to my attention. Mail to me at the address listed above, or e-mail me at [email protected]. Last revised November 2004 INTRODUCTION The history of systematic work with Araceae has been previously covered by Nicolson (1987b), and was the subject of a chapter in the Genera of Araceae by Mayo, Bogner & Boyce (1997) and in Curtis's Botanical Magazine new series (Mayo et al., 1995). In addition to covering many of the principal players in the field of aroid research, Nicolson's paper dealt with the evolution of family concepts and gave a comparison of the then current modern systems of classification. The papers by Mayo, Bogner and Boyce were more comprehensive in scope than that of Nicolson, but still did not cover in great detail many of the participants in Araceae research. In contrast, this paper will cover all systematic and floristic work that deals with Araceae, which is known to me. It will not, in general, deal with agronomic papers on Araceae such as the rich literature on taro and its cultivation, nor will it deal with smaller papers of a technical nature or those dealing with pollination biology. -
Vegetation Community Monitoring at Ocmulgee National Monument, 2011
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Vegetation Community Monitoring at Ocmulgee National Monument, 2011 Natural Resource Data Series NPS/SECN/NRDS—2014/702 ON THE COVER Duck potato (Sagittaria latifolia) at Ocmulgee National Monument. Photograph by: Sarah C. Heath, SECN Botanist. Vegetation Community Monitoring at Ocmulgee National Monument, 2011 Natural Resource Data Series NPS/SECN/NRDS—2014/702 Sarah Corbett Heath1 Michael W. Byrne2 1USDI National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network Cumberland Island National Seashore 101 Wheeler Street Saint Marys, Georgia 31558 2USDI National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network 135 Phoenix Road Athens, Georgia 30605 September 2014 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Data Series is intended for the timely release of basic data sets and data summaries. Care has been taken to assure accuracy of raw data values, but a thorough analysis and interpretation of the data has not been completed. Consequently, the initial analyses of data in this report are provisional and subject to change. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. -
ULEARUM SAGITTATUM Peter Boyce the Subject of This Plate Is a Little-Known Aroid Originating from Tropical South America
273. ULEARUM SAGITTATUM Peter Boyce The subject of this plate is a little-known aroid originating from tropical South America. Ulearum sagittatum Engl. (Engler, 1905) was based on material collected by the German botanist E.H.G. Ule from the Departamento Loreto in the Amazonian region of Peru. Ulearum is one of four genera in the Zomicarpeae, a tribe of the subfamily Aroideae, the others being Zomicarpa Schott (Schott, 1856), Zomicarpella N.E. Br. (Brown, 1881) and Filarum Nicolson (Nicolson, 1967). The genera are rare in the wild and very seldom seen in cultivation. Ulearum appears to be most closely related to Filarurn; both have seeds without endosperm whereas Zomicarpa and Zomicarpella pro- duce seeds with copious endosperm. Ulearum differs from Filarum in lacking a conspicuous elongated anther connective and in having a creeping rhizomatous, not tuberous, stem. The silver-variegated foliage is the most attractive feature of Ulearum, since the inflorescences are small and inconspicuous. Many of the aroids which are prized for their colourful and attractive foliage, such as Caladium Vent. and Dieffenbachia Schott, have soft, thin-textured leaves and are prone to fungal attack and leafdamage in cultivation. Ulearum, with its thin but tough-textured leaves, seems more resistant and is not affected by such problems, so it would appear that the plant has considerable horticultural poten- tial. CULTIVATION.The plants of Ulearum at Kew were presented by Josef Bogner of Munich Botanical Garden who received them from an amateur plant enthusiast in Brazil. Ulearum is a rain-forest plant and in cultivation requires a high temperature and constant humidity. -
33T Relation Entre Les Caractères Floraux, Le Mode De Croissance, L
// 33 t Université de Montréal Relation entre les caractères floraux, le mode de croissance, l’habitat et la pollinisation chez les Araceae Par Mathieu Chouteau Département de Sciences Biologiques Faculté des Arts et des Sciences Mémoire présenté à la factilté des études supérieures En vue de l’obtention du grade de Maîtrise en Sciences Biologiques (M. Se.) Avril 2006 © Mathieu Chouteau, 2006 Q \j flÇ o o Université de Montréal Direction des bibliothèques AVIS L’auteur a autorisé l’Université de Montréal à reproduire et diffuser, en totalité ou en partie, par quelque moyen que ce soit et sur quelque support que ce soit, et exclusivement à des fins non lucratives d’enseignement et de recherche, des copies de ce mémoire ou de cette thèse. L’auteur et les coauteurs le cas échéant conservent la propriété du droit d’auteur et des droits moraux qui protègent ce document. Ni la thèse ou le mémoire, ni des extraits substantiels de ce document, ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement reproduits sans l’autorisation de l’auteur. Afin de se conformer à la Loi canadienne sur la protection des renseignements personnels, quelques formulaires secondaires, coordonnées ou signatures intégrées au texte ont pu être enlevés de ce document. Bien que cela ait pu affecter la pagination, il n’y a aucun contenu manquant. NOTICE The author of this thesis or dissertation has granted a nonexclusive license allowing Université de Montréal to reproduce and publish the document, in part or in whole, and in any format, solely for noncommercial educational and research purposes. The author and co-authors if applicable retain copyright ownership and moral rights in this document. -
Biosystematic Studies in the Genus Anaphyllum Schott (Araceae) of Western Ghats
Int. J. LifeSc. Bt & Pharm. Res. 2012 Dominic V J, 2012 ISSN 2250-3137 www.ijlbpr.com Vol. 1, No. 3, July 2012 © 2012 IJLBPR. All Rights Reserved Research Paper BIOSYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS ANAPHYLLUM SCHOTT (ARACEAE) OF WESTERN GHATS Dominic V J1* *Corresponding Author: Dominic V J, [email protected] Anaphyllum Schott. is a genus belonging to the family Araceae with two species—Anaphyllum beddomei Engl. and Anaphyllum wightii Schott. These are unexplored, endemic and threatened plant species in South Western Ghats striving for their existence with treasures of genes with medicinal importance. Two variants of Anaphyllum wightii are noticed in the Western Ghats region throughout Kerala at an altitude of 650 - 1000 meters. Anaphyllum beddomei is observed only at an altitude of 1200-1500 meters from the Agusthya peaks of the South Western Ghats. Tribal communities use these plants as food and as antidote to snake bite. Two morphologically different variants of A. wightii (1-large and 2-small) were noticed in the present study. Morphological and anatomical variations were studied in A. beddomei and in the two variants of A. wightii. The Histo-taxonomical and biochemical prospecting envisaged in the present investigation reveal the important properties of this unexplored endemic and threatened genus and can lay the foundation for the complete cataloguing and indexing of the targeted species. The ISSR molecular marker studies indicate that the two variants of A. wightii with different morphologies have difference in their genetic constitution also. Keywords: Anaphyllum wightii, Genetic variation, Biosystematics, ISSR markers, CTAB method INTRODUCTION The tribal communities (Kani Tribes, Malasars, Genus Anaphyllum Schott.