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The Exclusively Neotropical Genus Scaphispatha Was Formerly Considered Monospecific. the Type Species
A REVISION OF SCAPHISPATHA (ARACEAE – CALADIEAE) INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES Eduardo Gomes Gonçalves1 ABSTRACT (A revision of Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae) including a new species) The formerly considered monospecific genus Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae) is here revised. Scaphispatha robusta E.G.Gonç, a second species for the genus is newly described from the Cerrado Biome and the transition Cerrado- Amazonia. It differs from S. gracilis Brongn. ex Schott by the much more robust petioles and leaves, primary lateral veins drying clearer than the lamina, lateral secondary veins conspicously more prominent than tertiary veins and for the female spadix with 11-15 rows of flowers visible in side view. A key to separate both species is provided, as well as ink illustrations and general remarks on the genus. Key-words: Scaphispatha, Cerrado, Caladieae, Araceae, geophyte. RESUMO (Revisão de Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae), incluíndo a descrição de uma nova espécie para o gênero) O gênero Scaphispatha (Araceae – Caladieae), até então considerado monoespecífico, é aqui revisado. Scaphispatha robusta E.G.Gonç., uma segunda espécie para o gênero é descrita para o bioma Cerrado e a transição Cerrado-Amazonia. Difere de S. gracilis Brongn. ex Schott pelos pecíolos e folhas muito mais robustas, nervuras laterais mais claras que o limbo quando secas, nervuras laterais secundárias mais proemi- nentes que as terciárias e pela porção feminina do espádice com 11-15 espirais de flores visíveis em vista lateral. Uma chave para separar as espécies, assim como ilustrações em nanquim e aspectos gerais para o gênero são apresentados. Palavras-chave: Scaphispatha, Cerrado, Caladieae, Araceae, geófita. INTRODUCTION was recognized when plants from Pará state The exclusively neotropical genus (Northern Brazil) flowered in cultivation. -
History and Current Status of Systematic Research with Araceae
HISTORY AND CURRENT STATUS OF SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH WITH ARACEAE Thomas B. Croat Missouri Botanical Garden P. O. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 U.S.A. Note: This paper, originally published in Aroideana Vol. 21, pp. 26–145 in 1998, is periodically updated onto the IAS web page with current additions. Any mistakes, proposed changes, or new publications that deal with the systematics of Araceae should be brought to my attention. Mail to me at the address listed above, or e-mail me at [email protected]. Last revised November 2004 INTRODUCTION The history of systematic work with Araceae has been previously covered by Nicolson (1987b), and was the subject of a chapter in the Genera of Araceae by Mayo, Bogner & Boyce (1997) and in Curtis's Botanical Magazine new series (Mayo et al., 1995). In addition to covering many of the principal players in the field of aroid research, Nicolson's paper dealt with the evolution of family concepts and gave a comparison of the then current modern systems of classification. The papers by Mayo, Bogner and Boyce were more comprehensive in scope than that of Nicolson, but still did not cover in great detail many of the participants in Araceae research. In contrast, this paper will cover all systematic and floristic work that deals with Araceae, which is known to me. It will not, in general, deal with agronomic papers on Araceae such as the rich literature on taro and its cultivation, nor will it deal with smaller papers of a technical nature or those dealing with pollination biology. -
Araceae) from the Upper Maastrichtian of South Dakota
Int. J. Plant Sci. 177(8):706–725. 2016. q 2016 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2016/17708-0006$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/688285 EVALUATING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FLOATING AQUATIC MONOCOTS: A NEW SPECIES OF COBBANIA (ARACEAE) FROM THE UPPER MAASTRICHTIAN OF SOUTH DAKOTA Ruth A. Stockey,1,* Gar W. Rothwell,*,† and Kirk R. Johnson‡ *Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; †Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA; and ‡National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 106, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA Editor: Patrick S. Herendeen Premise of research. A large number of floating aquatic aroid fossils have been recovered from pond sediments in the Hell Creek Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of South Dakota, providing valuable new data about aquatic vegetation of the uppermost Cretaceous, that are used to describe a new species of the genus Cobbania,and to evaluate associated reproductive structures and phylogenetic relationships among floating aquatic monocots. Methodology. Fossils were uncovered as needed with fine needles to reveal surface features of the specimens. Images were captured with a digital scanning camera, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted with TNT implemented through WinClada. Pivotal results. The new species, Cobbania hickeyi Stockey, Rothwell & Johnson, extends the range of the genus to the uppermost Cretaceous, supports the taxonomic integrity of the genus Cobbania, and increases our understanding of structural variation and species richness within the genus. Associated reproductive structures include an aroid spadix, strengthening the assignment of Cobbania to the Araceae. -
ULEARUM SAGITTATUM Peter Boyce the Subject of This Plate Is a Little-Known Aroid Originating from Tropical South America
273. ULEARUM SAGITTATUM Peter Boyce The subject of this plate is a little-known aroid originating from tropical South America. Ulearum sagittatum Engl. (Engler, 1905) was based on material collected by the German botanist E.H.G. Ule from the Departamento Loreto in the Amazonian region of Peru. Ulearum is one of four genera in the Zomicarpeae, a tribe of the subfamily Aroideae, the others being Zomicarpa Schott (Schott, 1856), Zomicarpella N.E. Br. (Brown, 1881) and Filarum Nicolson (Nicolson, 1967). The genera are rare in the wild and very seldom seen in cultivation. Ulearum appears to be most closely related to Filarurn; both have seeds without endosperm whereas Zomicarpa and Zomicarpella pro- duce seeds with copious endosperm. Ulearum differs from Filarum in lacking a conspicuous elongated anther connective and in having a creeping rhizomatous, not tuberous, stem. The silver-variegated foliage is the most attractive feature of Ulearum, since the inflorescences are small and inconspicuous. Many of the aroids which are prized for their colourful and attractive foliage, such as Caladium Vent. and Dieffenbachia Schott, have soft, thin-textured leaves and are prone to fungal attack and leafdamage in cultivation. Ulearum, with its thin but tough-textured leaves, seems more resistant and is not affected by such problems, so it would appear that the plant has considerable horticultural poten- tial. CULTIVATION.The plants of Ulearum at Kew were presented by Josef Bogner of Munich Botanical Garden who received them from an amateur plant enthusiast in Brazil. Ulearum is a rain-forest plant and in cultivation requires a high temperature and constant humidity. -
The Überlist of Araceae, Totals for Published and Estimated Number of Species in Aroid Genera P.C
The Überlist of Araceae, Totals for Published and Estimated Number of Species in Aroid Genera P.C. Boyce & T.B. Croat The Überlist of Araceae, Totals for Published and Estimated Number of Species in Aroid Genera Species per Species per Neotropical ‐ Neotropical ‐ Asia ‐ Asia ‐ North Boreal Africa Mediterranean Mascarene Is Australia Circumtropical genus published genus est. published estimated published estimated America Totals 3305 5422 1889 3143 1105 1968 2 7 152 78 20 23 29 Adelonema 13 20 13 20 Aglaodorum 11 11 Aglaonema 22 22 22 22 Alloschemone 2222 Alocasia 79 111 78 110 1 Ambrosina 11 1 Amorphophallus 196 218 153 175 35 7 1 Amydrium 55 55 Anadendrum 12 35 12 35 Anaphyllopsis 3434 Anaphyllum 22 22 Anchomanes 66 6 Anthurium 905 1500 905 1500 Anubias 88 8 Apoballis 12 20 12 20 Aridarum 716 716 Ariopsis 22 22 Arisaema 208 210 1 1 200 202 2 5 Arisarum 33 3 Arophyton 77 7 Arum 40 40 40 Asterostigma 8888 Bakoa 23 23 Biarum 21 21 21 Bognera 1111 Bucephalandra 315 315 Caladium 12 17 12 17 Calla 11 1 Callopsis 11 1 Carlephyton 33 3 Cercestis 10 10 10 Chlorospatha 28 71 28 71 Colletogyne 11 1 Colocasia 13 15 13 15 Croatiella 1111 Cryptocoryne 58 70 58 70 Culcasia 28 28 28 Cyrtosperma 13 13 13 13 Dieffenbachia 57 140 57 140 Dracontioides 2222 Dracontium 24 24 24 24 Dracunculus 22 2 Eminium 99 9 Epipremnum 15 18 15 18 Filarum 1111 Furtadoa 22 22 Gearum 1111 Gonatopus 55 5 Gorgonidium 8888 Gymnomesium 11 1 Gymnostachys 11 1 Current as of 10JAN2012 Page 1 of 3 The Überlist of Araceae, Totals for Published and Estimated Number of Species in Aroid Genera P.C. -
Recent Progress in the Phylogenetics and Classification of Araceae
9 Recent progress in the phylogenetics and classification of Araceae Simon J. Mayo, Josef Bogner and Natalie Cusimano 9.1 Introduction The aim of this paper is to review progress in phylogenetic research of Araceae during the period since publication of the first major molecular study by French et al. (1995). This, the first cladogram of the whole family inferred from DNA molecular data (Fig 9.1), resulting from research by J.C. French, M. Chung and Y. Hur, was based on chloroplast restriction site data (RFLPs or restriction frag- ment length polymorphisms). Their paper was highly significant and marked the beginning of the modern era of molecular phylogenetics of Araceae, nowadays based on DNA sequence data (e.g. Cabrera et al., 2008; Cusimano et al., 2011; Nauheimer et al., 2012b). It was innovative for Araceae in other ways as well, being the first family-scale cladistic analysis using computer algorithms and the first published cladogram for the family as a whole using genera as the ultimate operational taxonomic units (OTUs). No attempt has been made in the present chapter to discuss in detail the work of the previous 25 years during which many significant advances in systematic knowledge of the family were made, both in morphological taxonomy, but also in other fields such as cytology, palynology, phytochemistry, anatomy, fossil aroids, pollination biology and seedling morphology. Reviews of this literature have been provided by various authors, including Petersen (1989), Grayum (1990), Early Events in Monocot Evolution, eds P. Wilkin and S. J. Mayo. Published by Cambridge University Press. © The Systematics Association 2013. -
Leaf and Inflorescence Evidence for Near-Basal Araceae and an Unexpected Diversity of Other Monocots from the Late Early Cretaceous of Spain
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology ISSN: 1477-2019 (Print) 1478-0941 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjsp20 Leaf and inflorescence evidence for near-basal Araceae and an unexpected diversity of other monocots from the late Early Cretaceous of Spain Luis Miguel Sender, James A. Doyle, Garland R. Upchurch Jr, Uxue Villanueva- Amadoz & José B. Diez To cite this article: Luis Miguel Sender, James A. Doyle, Garland R. Upchurch Jr, Uxue Villanueva-Amadoz & José B. Diez (2018): Leaf and inflorescence evidence for near-basal Araceae and an unexpected diversity of other monocots from the late Early Cretaceous of Spain, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2018.1528999 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1528999 View supplementary material Published online: 09 Nov 2018. Submit your article to this journal View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjsp20 Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2018 Vol. 0, No. 0, 1–34, http://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1528999 Leaf and inflorescence evidence for near-basal Araceae and an unexpected diversity of other monocots from the late Early Cretaceous of Spain aà b c d e Luis Miguel Sender , James A. Doyle , Garland R. Upchurch Jr , Uxue Villanueva-Amadoz and Jose B. Diez aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan; bDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, -
On the Taxonomic Importance of Relocating Poorly Collected Species
96 AROIDEANA, Vol. 35 Lost Aroids: On the taxonomic importance of relocating poorly collected species Peter C. Boyce Pusat Pengajian Sains Kajihayat [School of Biological Sciences] Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia [email protected] Wong Sin Yeng Department of Plant Science & Environmental Ecology Faculty of Resource Science & Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia [email protected] ABSTRACT Aroids, perhaps by reason of their often originating from almost inaccessible tropi- Aridarum montanum Ridl. and Piptos- cal forests, are host to a remarkable number patha insignis N.E.Br. (Araceae: Schisma- of such ‘lost’ species. Remarkable, too, is toglottideae), aroids originating from Bor- that quite some number of long-lost species neo that are each known from a single has been re-found over the past 20 years. collection, are discussed and illustrated. Of particular note [with the period ‘‘lost’’ in The history of their discovery is reviewed, together with what is known or speculated years] are: Gearum brasiliense N.E.Br. of their ecology. The biological significance [150 years] (Mayo et al., 1994), Mangonia of the collection locality of A. montanum is tweediana Schott [142 years] (Bogner & highlighted. The species’ individual impor- Marchesi, 2000), Zomicarpella maculata tance to modern systematics is highlighted. N.E.Br. [116 years] (Bogner, 2007, 2009), and Ulearum sagittatum Engl. [90 years] (Boyce, 1995; Bogner, 1997). KEY WORDS However, many aroid species remain Araceae, Aridarum, Piptospatha, Bor- elusive. Two of these, from Borneo, are the neo, Malaysia, Sarawak, Santubong. subject of this short piece. INTRODUCTION Aridarum montanum Ridl. –Figs.2and3 ‘Lost’ plant species – species tantalizingly In 1909 Cecil Joslin Brooks, a metallur- only known from a single herbarium col- gical chemist and competent amateur lection, or frustratingly from just an old botanist in the employ of the gold-mining illustration, hold an abiding fascination for division of the Borneo Co. -
Molecular Systematics and Historical Biogeography of Araceae at a Worldwide Scale and in Southeast Asia
Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades an der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Molecular systematics and historical biogeography of Araceae at a worldwide scale and in Southeast Asia Lars Nauheimer München, 2. Juli 2012 Contents Table of Contents i Preface iv Statutory Declaration (Erklärung und ehrenwörtliche Versicherung) . iv List of Publications . .v Declaration of contribution as co-author . .v Notes ........................................... vi Summary . viii Zusammenfassung . ix 1 Introduction 1 General Introduction . .2 Estimating Divergence Times . .2 Fossil calibration . .2 Historical Biogeography . .3 Ancestral area reconstruction . .3 Incorporation of fossil ranges . .4 The Araceae Family . .5 General Introduction . .5 Taxonomy . .5 Biogeography . .6 The Malay Archipelago . .7 The Genus Alocasia ...................................8 Aim of this study . .9 Color plate . 10 2 Araceae 11 Global history of the ancient monocot family Araceae inferred with models accounting for past continental positions and previous ranges based on fossils 12 Supplementary Table 1: List of accessions . 25 Supplementary Table 2: List of Araceae fossils . 34 Supplementary Table 3: Dispersal matrices for ancestral area reconstruction 40 Supplementary Table 4: Results of divergence dating . 42 Supplementary Table 5: Results of ancestral area reconstructions . 45 Supplementary Figure 1: Inferred DNA substitution rates . 57 Supplementary Figure 2: Chronogram and AAR without fossil inclusion . 58 Supplementary Figure 3: Posterior distribution of fossil constraints . 59 3 Alocasia 61 Giant taro and its relatives - A phylogeny of the large genus Alocasia (Araceae) sheds light on Miocene floristic exchange in the Malesian region . 62 Supplementary Table 1: List of accessions . 71 i CONTENTS Supplementary Table 2: Crown ages of major nodes . 74 Supplementary Table 3: Clade support, divergence time estimates and ancestral area reconstruction . -
Universidade Federal De Pernambuco Centro De Biociências Programa De Pós-Graduacão Em Genética Emanuelle Varão Vasconcelos
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO CENTRO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUACÃO EM GENÉTICA EMANUELLE VARÃO VASCONCELOS DNA repetitivo na evolução cariotípica de espécies de Philodendron Schott e Thaumatophyllum Schott (Araceae) Recife 2018 EMANUELLE VARÃO VASCONCELOS DNA repetitivo na evolução cariotípica de espécies de Philodendron Schott e Thaumatophyllum Schott (Araceae) Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Genética da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco como parte dos requisitos exigidos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Genética. Orientadora: Profa Dra Ana Christina Brasileiro-Vidal Coorientadores: Profa Dra Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon Dr Santelmo Selmo de Vasconcelos Júnior Recife 2018 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) de acordo com ISBD Vasconcelos, Emanuelle Varão DNA repetitivo na evolução cariotípica de espécies Philodendron Schott e Thaumatophyllum Schott (Araceae) / Emanuelle Varão Vasconcelos. – 2018. 123 f. : il. Orientador: Profa. Dra. Ana Christina Brasileiro-Vidal. Coorientadora: Profa. Dra. Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon. Coorientador: Dr. Santelmo Selmo de Vasconcelos Júnior. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Centro de Biociências. Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Recife, 2018. Inclui referências. 1. Genética vegetal. 2. Biologia – Classificação. 3. Plantas – Variação. I. Brasileiro-Vidal, Ana Christina (Orientadora). II. Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria (Coorientadora). III. Vasconcelos Júnior, Santelmo Selmo (Coorientador). III. Título. 581.35 CDD (22.ed.) UFPE/CB – 2018 - 405 Elaborado por Bruno Márcio Gouveia - CRB-4/1788 EMANUELLE VARÃO VASCONCELOS DNA repetitivo na evolução cariotípica de espécies de Philodendron Schott e Thaumatophyllum Schott (Araceae) Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Genética da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco como parte dos requisitos exigidos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Genética. -
Durianology, Discovery, and Saltation — the Evolution of Aroids
Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(Suppl. 2):257-313. 2019 257 doi: 10.26492/gbs71(suppl. 2).2019-20 Durianology, discovery, and saltation — the evolution of aroids A. Hay Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney, Mrs Macquarie’s Road, Sydney 2000, Australia Jardín Botánico de la Paz y Flora, Bitaco, Valle del Cauca, Colombia [email protected] “If we become attentive to natural objects, particularly living ones, in such a manner as to desire to achieve an insight into the correlation of their nature and activity, we believe ourselves best able to come to such a comprehension through a division of the parts, and this method is suitable to take us very far. With but a word one may remind the friends of science of what chemistry and anatomy have contributed to an intensive and extensive view of Nature... But these analytic efforts, continued indefinitely, produce many disadvantages. The living may indeed be separated into its elements, but one cannot put these back together and revive them. This is true even of inorganic bodies, not to mention organic ones... For this reason, the urge to cognize living forms as such, to grasp their outwardly visible and tangible parts contextually, to take them as intimations of that which is inward, and so master, to some degree, the whole in an intuition, has always arisen in men of science.” — J.W. von Goethe (1749–1832) in Brady, 2012: 272. ABSTRACT. It is argued that E.J.H. Corner’s ‘durianology’ is an integrative, holistic approach to the evolution of angiosperm form which complements reductive, atomistic phylogenetic methods involving the reification of individuated high-level abstractions in the concept of morphological ‘character evolution’. -
Plastome Phylogeny Monocots SI Tables
Givnish et al. – American Journal of Botany – Appendix S2. Taxa included in the across- monocots study and sources of sequence data. Sources not included in the main bibliography are listed at the foot of this table. Order Famiy Species Authority Source Acorales Acoraceae Acorus americanus (Raf.) Raf. Leebens-Mack et al. 2005 Acorus calamus L. Goremykin et al. 2005 Alismatales Alismataceae Alisma triviale Pursh Ross et al. 2016 Astonia australiensis (Aston) S.W.L.Jacobs Ross et al. 2016 Baldellia ranunculoides (L.) Parl. Ross et al. 2016 Butomopsis latifolia (D.Don) Kunth Ross et al. 2016 Caldesia oligococca (F.Muell.) Buchanan Ross et al. 2016 Damasonium minus (R.Br.) Buchenau Ross et al. 2016 Echinodorus amazonicus Rataj Ross et al. 2016 (Rusby) Lehtonen & Helanthium bolivianum Myllys Ross et al. 2016 (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Hydrocleys nymphoides Willd.) Buchenau Ross et al. 2016 Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau Ross et al. 2016 Luronium natans Raf. Ross et al. 2016 (Rich. ex Kunth) Ranalisma humile Hutch. Ross et al. 2016 Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Ross et al. 2016 Wiesneria triandra (Dalzell) Micheli Ross et al. 2016 Aponogetonaceae Aponogeton distachyos L.f. Ross et al. 2016 Araceae Aglaonema costatum N.E.Br. Henriquez et al. 2014 Aglaonema modestum Schott ex Engl. Henriquez et al. 2014 Aglaonema nitidum (Jack) Kunth Henriquez et al. 2014 Alocasia fornicata (Roxb.) Schott Henriquez et al. 2014 (K.Koch & C.D.Bouché) K.Koch Alocasia navicularis & C.D.Bouché Henriquez et al. 2014 Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. Henriquez et al. 2014 Anchomanes hookeri (Kunth) Schott Henriquez et al. 2014 Anthurium huixtlense Matuda Henriquez et al.