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ISRAEL Energiemanagement, Kraft-Wärme- Bzw ISRAEL Energiemanagement, Kraft-Wärme- bzw. Kraft-Wärme-Kälte-Kopplungsanlagen Zielmarktanalyse 2017 mit Profilen der Marktakteure www.german-energy-solutions.de 1 Impressum Herausgeber Deutsch-Israelische Industrie- und Handelskammer Sharbat House Kaufmann St. 4 IL-68012 Tel Aviv Israel Telefon: +972 3 680 68 00 Fax: +972 3 613 35 28 Email: [email protected] Webseite: www.ahkisrael.co.il Stand Oktober 2017 Gestaltung und Produktion Schulamith Wolffs Mariuma, Eva Chlebowski, David Musleh Bildnachweis David Musleh Redaktion Schulamith Wolffs Mariuma Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung, die nicht ausdrücklich vom Urheberrechtsgesetz zugelassen ist, bedarf der vorherigen Zustimmung des Herausgebers. Sämtliche Inhalte wurden mit größtmöglicher Sorgfalt und nach bestem Wissen erstellt. Der Herausgeber übernimmt keine Gewähr für die Aktualität, Richtigkeit, Vollständigkeit oder Qualität der bereitgestellten Informationen. Für Schäden materieller oder immaterieller Art, die durch die Nutzung oder Nichtnutzung der dargebotenen Informationen unmittelbar oder mittelbar verursacht werden, haftet der Herausgeber nicht, sofern ihm nicht nachweislich vorsätzliches oder grob fahrlässiges Verschulden zur Last gelegt werden kann. 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis I. ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS ..................................................................................................... 4 II. WÄHRUNGSVERZEICHNIS ...................................................................................................... 4 III. MENGENVERZEICHNIS............................................................................................................ 5 IV. TABELLENVERZEICHNIS ......................................................................................................... 5 V. ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS ..................................................................................................... 6 VI. EINLEITUNG ............................................................................................................................. 7 VII. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ............................................................................................................ 8 VIII. ZIELMARKT ALLGEMEIN ..................................................................................................... 9 1. LÄNDERPROFIL ........................................................................................................................................................................9 Politischer Hintergrund ......................................................................................................................................................9 Wirtschaft, Struktur und Entwicklung Israels ................................................................................................................. 10 Wirtschaftsbeziehungen zu Deutschland ......................................................................................................................... 19 Investitionsklima und -förderung..................................................................................................................................... 21 2. ENERGIEMARKT ................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Energieerzeugung und Verbrauch ................................................................................................................................... 22 Energiepreise .................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Energiepolitische und gesetzliche Rahmenbedingungen ............................................................................................... 28 Neue Entwicklungen auf dem Energiemarkt .................................................................................................................. 30 IX. DER ERDGASMARKT UND KRAFT-WÄRME- BZW. KRAFT-WÄRME-KÄLTE-KOPPLUNG IN ISRAEL ..................................................................................................................................................... 36 1. DER ERDGASMARKT IN ISRAEL .............................................................................................................................................. 36 Marktteilnehmer ............................................................................................................................................................... 36 Preise .................................................................................................................................................................................. 37 Verbrauch ........................................................................................................................................................................... 37 Verteilernetz...................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Umweltfaktor ..................................................................................................................................................................... 41 Import/Export ................................................................................................................................................................... 41 2. KRAFT-WÄRME- UND KRAFT-WÄRME-KÄLTE-KOPPLUNG ALS MAßGEBLICHES INSTRUMENT ZUR ENERGIEEFFIZIENZ ............ 41 Allgemein ........................................................................................................................................................................... 41 In Israel ............................................................................................................................................................................. 43 3. GESETZLICHE RAHMENBEDINGUNGEN FÜR ENERGIEEFFIZIENZ ............................................................................................. 47 Die Nationalprogramme ................................................................................................................................................... 47 Standards, Normen und Zertifizierung ............................................................................................................................ 53 X. MARKTCHANCEN FÜR DEUTSCHE UNTERNEHMEN ............................................................. 56 1. MARKTSTRUKTUR UND MARKTATTRAKTIVITÄT FÜR ENERGIEMANAGEMENT UND KWK- UND KWKK-ANLAGEN ...................56 2. MARKT- UND ABSATZPOTENTIALE FÜR DEUTSCHE UNTERNEHMEN (NACH MARKTSEGMENTEN) ............................................56 3. VERTRIEBSSTRUKTUR UND HANDLUNGSEMPFEHLUNGEN FÜR DEUTSCHE UNTERNEHMEN ....................................................56 4. SWOT-ANALYSE ISRAELS IM BEREICH ENERGIEMANAGEMENT UND KWK- BZW. KWKK -ANLAGEN AUS DEUTSCHLAND ...... 57 XI. ZIELGRUPPENANALYSE ........................................................................................................ 59 PROFILE MARKTAKTEURE .....................................................................................................................................................59 XII. QUELLENVERZEICHNIS ....................................................................................................... 75 Interviews........................................................................................................................................................................... 81 3 I. Abkürzungsverzeichnis AHK Auslandshandelskammer BIP (engl.: GDP) Bruttoinlandsprodukt CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CNG Compressed Natural Gas COP 21 21st Conference of the Parties EE Erneuerbare Energien EFTA (Staaten) Europäische Freihandelsassoziation ESCO Energy Service Company FuE Forschung und Entwicklung GSGF Global Smart Grid Federation ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability IEC Israel Electric Corporation INDCs Intended Nationally Determined Contributions IPPs Independent Power Producers – Unabhängige Private Stromerzeuger ISEA Israel Smart Energy Association ISERD The Israel-Europe R&D Directorate LNG Liquefied Natural Gas LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas Mercosur (Staaten) Gemeinsamer Markt Südamerikas MENA (Region) Middle East & North Africa MNI Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy & Water NREAP National Renewable Energy Action Plan OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development PUA Electricity Authority (Israel) SII Standards Institution of Israel ULAI Union of Local Authorities in Israel WTO World Trade Organisation II. Währungsverzeichnis ILS (NIS) Israel Schekel (1 ILS = 0,2415 €), (1 ILS = 0,2855 US$) US-Dollar (US$) US-Dollar (1 $ = 0,8458 €), (1 US$ = 3,5019 ILS) Euro (€) Euro (1 € = 1,1823 US$), (1 € = 4,1402 ILS) 4 III. Mengenverzeichnis Joule (J) Wattstunden Steinkohleeinheiten Rohöleinheiten Gaseinheiten (Wh) (SKE) (RÖE) (Erdgas) Häufig für Angabe Häufig für Angabe Energie, die bei der Energie, die bei der Energie, die bei der von mechanischer von elektrischer Verbrennung von Verbrennung von Verbrennung von Energie Energie (Strom und Steinkohle Rohöl (gemessen in Erdgas (gemessen Wärme) (gemessen in Tonnen) frei wird in m³) frei wird Tonnen) frei wird PJ Mio. t SKE Mio. t RÖE TWh 1 Petajoule (PJ) - 0,034 0,024 0,278 1 Mio. t Steinkohleeinheit (SKE) 29,308 - 0,7 8,14 1 Mio. t Rohöleinheit
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