' . Central - UNt>£esTAMD THE OF WOMElJ ! Ukrainian studies in jeopardy? Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Enrollments Drop

decade or so in- According to a research factors alone. Enrolment, or ment by 28 percent. This enrol- in the next its accelerated a dicates that there will be report recently done for the rather the lack of it, is taking ment trend has concentration of Canadian univer- Canadian Institute of Ukrainian toll. We know of a number of process of problems for Studies by Bohdan departments where, as a result Ukrainian university course sities in general and Ukrainian Krawchenko, enrolment in of poor enrolment, courses had enrolment in western Canada: programmes in particular. First, percent of the total enrol- the general economic climate is courses in Ukrainian studies to be cancelled. At the Universi- 67 1976-77 79 percent students into was substantially lower in 1979- ty of Windsor, for example, the ment in and propelling 1 979-80 accounted for by rather 80 than for the comparable problem is so serious that in was professional faculties universities. Put in than arts courses. period in 1976-77. "courses in Ukrainian will be western general lack of the University of Secondly, as a result of In a follow-up study to his suspended next year for another way, University of the 1977 report on Ukrainian enrolment." Manitoba and the demographic trends in have higher population, the Studies at Canadian univer- The tale of declining enrol- Alberta each Canadian arts in Ukrainian studies number of 1 8-24 year olds (the sities, Professor Krawchenko ment, especially in enrolments eight eastern critical university found that despite the introduc- faculties, is a familiar one and courses than all group for universities com- attendance) rather tion of courses in Ukrainian has given cause for alarm to Canadian will decline average enrolment studies at Concordia University educators across Canada. In bined. The markedly after 1982 with no studies, per course taught in 1979-80 improvement expected until the in Montreal and their revival at the case of Ukrainian students in western mid-1990s, the University of British Colum- both academics and the Ukrai- was 10 when the children of Canada, 8 in eastern Canada. the baby-boom will bia, the overall number of nian community have cause to generation of Canadian reach courses that were actually be concerned with declining The number university. For the Ukrai- nian community in this taught at Canadian universities Canada means that declined substantially in the the student bodies of the three-year period between 1980s and early 1990s will be the smallest in 1976-77 and 1979-80. In the over 30 years. 1976-77 academic year 159 Purely on the basis of demographic courses were taught in Canada. data one can expect a decline in Ukrainian In the 1979-80 academic year studies the figure was 95. enrolment in the com- ing Particularly striking are the decade. But in regional trends. In eastern the face of this 'objective' Canada, the drop in courses situation, a good deal can nevertheless be done to taught was from 67 in 1 976-77 to improve course 22 in 1979-80. In western enrolment. Canada the comparable figures Firstly, pre-university instruc- tion in Ukrainian were 92 and 72. In 1980 over stimulates student sensitivity to three-quarters of all Ukrainian the Ukrai- nian studies courses were offered at problematic making him or her a likely candidate for a western Canadian universities, March 1981 accelerating a trend already Ukrainian studies university course later in his Vol. 13, No. 69 discerned in 1976-77 when 58 or her percent of courses wereoffered educational career. The rather positive enrolment record of the by these universities. Whereas prairie universities is in part in western Canada course studies face a questionable future. campaigns and other volun- Ukrainian accounted for by the fact that offerings in the Ukrainian taristic measures. Lastly, men- atthe top language have remained stable enrolment in eastern Canada, universities now offering one or university courses are tion should be made of the pyramid ''f (34 courses in 1976-77 and 32 in specifically in ^Ontario. more courses in Ukrainian of an educational experience Of the Un'lVersit , whose base lies in the elemen- Manitoba. Between .197- 11 1 979-80) . in eastern Canada Throughout Canada total enrol- studies in 1979-80 totalled 14, schools. (Ontario) a drop occurred — ment dropped by 10 percent as compared to 12 in 1976-77. tary and secondary and 1979-80, enrolment in from 23 to 12. In eastern Canada over the two-year period. New history courses have made Secondly, it is part-time Ukrainian studies at that univer- in 1976-77, 18 courses in Ukrai- But the overall Canadian their appearance, including, for students, women in particular, sity increased by 55 percent, it largest nian literature were offered: by figure is not very informative, the first time, in eastern Canada who are the growing contingent giving the Ukrainian 1979-80 a mere 5 were offered. since enrolment trends in — at the Universities of Toronto in university enrolment across studies enrolment in Canada. In western Canada, literature western and eastern Canada and Concordia. With the recent Canada. Thus off-campus An analysis of the ingredients of courses numbered 26 and 17 for are so dissimilar. In eastern establishment of the Chair of courses, evening programmes the Manitoba success story may the given years. Canada, Ontario specifically, Ukrainian Studies at the Univer- and community outreach can yield useful suggestions for Undoubtedly conjunc- total enrolment in Ukrainian sity of Toronto, this area has do much to improve enrolment those concerned with im- tional factors such as sabbatical studies courses declined by a been given a major impetus. figures. proving overall enrolment rates. leaves and the staggering of sharp 41 percent between Whether enrolment in these Thirdly, in our previous The recent increase in courses accounted for part of 1976-77 and 1979-80, With courses will keep in step with report we estimated that only 5- enrolment at the University of the decline. But with 65 fewer language course enrolment the large amount of money 10 percent of students of Ukrai- Manitoba is the consequence of courses taught in 1979-80 com- dropping by 53 percent. In which the Ukrainian community nian origin take a Ukrainian a number of initiatives taken by pared to 1976-77, the numbers contrast to this, total enrolment has already committed to them studies course at university. It involved are too high for the in western Canada increased by is a very problematic question. should be possible to raise this decline to be explained by these 6 percent, and language enrol- The forecast for enrolment proportion through publicity (Studies cont'd page 10) Russian feminist visits Edmonton Koshtana Stankovich Women women's rights Carrying placards, Tatyana Mamonova.editorof the articles to Women in Russia on balloons and banners, and underground feminist journal, the plight of single women in chanting feminist slogans as Women in Russia, had risked the USSR), Mamonova warned they marched, approximately her life and liberty in the that the move should not be 170 women, men and children struggle for women's rights in mistaken as a conciliatory paraded through downtown the Soviet Union. "This is the gesture on the part of the Edmonton on Saturday, March first women's demonstration regime towards the feminist 7 as part of that city's annual I've been to," she explained, movement. She described the relations celebration of International "and it's not at all like the concession ?s a public Women's Day. parades we have in the Soviet gesture designed to serve the This year the event had a Union." Her remarks provoked self-interest of the Soviet state, truly international flavour, as cries of "Free our Soviet Mamonova then challeng- Soviet feminist Tatyana sisters!" from the sympathetic ed some of the myths about the Mamonova — recently exiled crowd. status of women in the USSR. from the USSR because of her Later that evening She pointed out how the many feminist views — was among Mamonova spoke to an even progressive provisions regar- con- the many people who braved larger gathering of people — ding women in the Soviet totally con- the chilly weather to show numbering 400 — at a dinner, stitution were reality of the solidarity and support for rally and social held at a local tradicted by the women's struggles around the Edmonton community centre. lives of women in the Soviet world. With cries of "Out from Although her statements were Union. And she shattered any had the kitchen, out from the sometimes badly translated and illusions people might have laws bedroom, out from under, simply misunderstood by some about recent Soviet from being women unite!"- and "Not the in the audience, those in atten- prohibiting women labour jobs Church, not the State, women dance listened attentively to her employed in heavy of problems facing (See text of Mamonova's must control their fate!" — the Mamonova (holding baloons) marches in Edmonton. account the demonstrators challenged the women in the USSR and her speech on the centerspread of this issue — throngs of Saturday shoppers violence against women, sexual women, were topics description of the activities of ed.) affecting Her speech was received to confront the many Issues that harassment, pornography, dis- that were also addressed by the feminists there. with warmth and interest, and directly affect women in our criminatory hiring practices various speakers. The slogans Mamonova made a point of the audience showed its ap- society today. and unequal payforequal work, on the placards reflected this identifying herself as a 'feminist' preciation by giving her a The spirited group march- were some of the issues raised diversity of concerns, ranging and not a 'dissident,' saying that dissident lengthy ovation. ed from the Alberta Legislature in the speeches by activists in from the poignantly poetic she regarded the After a question and down Jasper Avenue to Sir the women's community in demand for "Bread and roses" movement to be "male answer session with the Winston Churchill Square, Edmonton. The desperate the militant pro-choice cry, oriented." And although she to audience, the tables and chairs where they were addressed by situation of native women, the your laws off my body!" rejoiced at the news she had "Keep were re-arranged to clearspace speakers who focussed public lack of adequate and affordable But without any doubt the just received that fellow activist for a dance floor and the even- attention on the array of day care facilities, the persecu- featured guest at the march and Natalia Maltseva had been solitary confine- ing concluded on a spirited problems women encounter in tion of gay women and the need at the rally that capped off the released from social note. male-dominated society. Rape, to reform some of the laws weekend festivities, was Ms. ment (Maltseva contributed

Inside: Mamonova feature, Haivky, and a tough act to swallow.,. All signed letters of reasonable length March... it is that time of year again and with it the issue of which comply with Canadian libel and Student that traditionally focuses on women. After all, this is slander laws will be printed unedited (save for purposes of clarity) in this column. We the month when International Women's Day is celebrated, will not print anonymous letters, but if for personal reasons contributors wish to the time to parade the feminist cause — or at least it seems withhold their names or use a pseudonym, this can be arranged. In all cases, however, that is what recent marches and demonstrations throughout we require both a genuine signature and a return address. Canada have been doing. In Edmonton, for example, there have been several public appearances by Tatyana such as Mamonova to promote the feminist message. Had the executive allowed disrupting banquets, Women's issues are not subjects for 'holidays' or Prez sets even discussion about alter- etc. The end result may be the natives enterprises equivalent to some junior-high science fair at our initial meeting on same, but a more thoughtful January means may aid in achieving it. complete with displays and colored posters. This is not to STUDENT right 13, 1981, this unfor- denouce the obvious effort and good intentions to educate tunate incident may have been I will not attempt to the public by those setting up such demonstrations and avoided. However, one impor- describe all the unpleasant tant question goings-on during this dispute, public forums. But to be realistic, it must be recognized that it Regarding the article by has arisen from the affair: which included the antics of is all a political chess game — how do a group ofpeople who Dave Lupul Rifts within Ex- Should SUSK deter- only have a few pawns set about to compete against a side ecutive: Unanswered Questions mine a policy towards the one of the members of your is to Community? One individual collective. However, I will say that has a full set of chess pieces. The answer push a Remain," I have the following from this. I was pawn to the other side and make it into a 'queen,' and then to comment to make. Edmonton, in addition to somewhat disap- safeguard the transition of the pawns into the more powerful Lupul's statement that the suggesting that the executive pointed in the Student collec- chess pieces. The only way women will make an impact in recent controversy within the guarantee that no one resign tive's failure to contact me to

their in discuss in detail this affair. I this society will be to gain positions of credibility and power. executive is "worthy of the post the future, propos- can only This means becoming involved in and leading organized finest obscurantist battles of ed that we establish separate say that this was irrespon- policies sible political parties, becoming professionals (as are a large previous generations" suggests towards each and every on your part. However, I portion of our representatives in government), careers in the that he did not understand the group, organization, and will say that Dave Lupul's article was an honest attempt media and participating in the business field en masse. full nature of the debate. The association within the Ukrai- to ad- nian dress a most difficult subject, But one can't become involved by just jumping cold into dispute did not revolve around community. This, I believe, the political, professional or business arena. There is a whole ideological points of view within would be foolish. Not onfy considering the lack of informa- process of rope-learning that is essential if one is to gain the executive but rather around would it succeed in alienating tion at his disposal. entry into these fields. That means starting in junior my fear of the potential hazards almost every person in Ukrai- In closing I will say that in organizations, participating in student and community of having the community react nian organized life, but it would dealing with SUSK and the politics — i.e. organizations where young men are learning negatively towards our be impossible, for obvious poster issue I have attempted to valuable leadership skills. Knowing the rules is the first step organization. My "personal reasons, to do. Perhaps in the keep my own political views at a in future a distance. I will continue to playing the game. crusade" as Lupul puts it, at that course of action which serve There are a lot of very capable women out there who time was not only to rid SUSK of would both respect the com- the best interests of the Ukrai- profess to be feminists, but who do not want, or are afraid, to the 'Marxist' image but also to munity while cooperating with nian Canadian student move- get involved in the male dominated organizations (especially avoid SUSK's being branded it, and maintain our autonomy ment and can only hope that in the Ukrainian Community) that are running our ethnic with an image that could from it, would produce the best your newspaper will do the community and our society. is results same. Talk cheap, and so are alienate it from much of the within and outside our demonstrations. only The way women are going to overcome community, including its own organization. z poshanoiu studenta, prejudices and barriers to equality is to work from the inside. members, exactly at a time In travelling across Canada Mykhajlo Maryn This takes guts: it also takes numbers. And most of all it takes when SUSK's stock within the on SUSK business, one thing Toronto people with experience and political know-how — brains are Ukrainian Canadian communi- has become clear to me. not enough. if any individual really wants do So woman to ty was highly valued and SUSK's relationship vis-a-vis [M. Maryn's accusation that something constructive for the feminist movement, she must the community is accepted by all segmentsol the never the Student was irresponsible in get involved in the society around her and learn how to same in community from right to left on any two places. This is not contacting him would be a participate and to run things — the way they should be run. political the result not only of the the spectrum. An un- reasonable criticism — if it were However, if she does reach some position of authority she manner in which necessary confrontation with SUSK projects true. But in actual fact several cannot foresake the idea of nor the movement for female its image upon the any sector of our society would community, Student collective members (D. equality or her position and all future positions will be but also in the way the have been irresponsible. This is com- Lupul, G. Samoil, and J. Balan) threatened. munity receives not to say that SUSK should not this image. spoke to M. Maryn, by For women who want to hold a picket sign on a cold Positive results take sound positions on impor- may be telephone or in person, during March day, go ahead, but the decisions affecting their futures achieved through less hostile tant issues but ratherthat SUSK the period in question. Student are not being made on the steps of the legislature. These actions. For need not isolate itself from the example, during also asked President Maryn and decisions are made in board-rooms, in private clubs and the recent community over relatively un- UCC Congress other members of the SUSK closed meetings where all the participants are male. SUSK opted for democratic important issues. I might add at executive for feedback on an P.S. As one of the few women involved in Student can say this procedures while participating point that had the girl in the article the paper was attempting that it is male dominated, it is (1) and (2) not such a bad poster been dressed in the garb in and contributing to the Con- place to do a little rope-learning. gress rather than of the S.S., I would have op- conducting C.R.B. itself in an posed it also. unpleasant fashion, (Letters cont'd page 11)

Reading Student is almost as exciting as reading Marx's CTMEUT Communist Manifesto! STUDENT Vv'-ETUDIAIVT,' »*1* SUBSCRIBE! MtdTMt all correspondence to: — you are a paid member of any Ukrainian Student Students' Club (SUSK) in Canada, then you Mill be receiving «206. 11751 - 95 Stmt Student Edmonton, Alberta regularly. Canada T5G 1M1 — it you are not a member, then you stand to mtaa several issues ot Student this year. Phone (403) 474-1002 STUDENT Is a national monthJy newspaper for Ukrainian-Canadian DONT BE DISAPPOINTED! ACT NOW! SUBSCRIBE! students, published by SUSK, the Ukrainian Canadian Students' Subscriptions are $6.00 per year Union. Or take two years tor only $10.00 Student forum is an open lor fad and opinion, reflecting th* tnterwU NOTE: Institutional rates now $12.00 per year. ot Ukrainian-Canadian students on various topics — social, cultural, political and religious.

The opinions and thoughts expressed In Individual signed artiest* are the responsibility ot their authors, and not necessarily those ol the Student staff. Student's role to b serve as a medium through Please ssnd $8.00 (Can.) to: which discussion can be conducted on given Issues from any point of

Letters to the editor are welcome. We reserve the right to edit Student ADDRESS . materials for publication. «206, 11751 - 95 Street Statl thle Issue: Darcia Antonlshka, Jars Balan, Myroslaw Bodnaruk Edmonton, Alberta Chris CITY Burdenluk, Mark Ferbey, Dem]an Hohol, Zorjan Hromjak Canada TSG 11 Nena Joclc, Vera Loszuk, Dave Lupul, Andrlj Makuch, Nestor Makuch, Sonla COUNTRY Meryn, John Melnychuk, Joanne Melnychuk, Calvin Melnyk, Roman Oleksij, Polntdexter, Boris Radio, Andy Samoil George POSTAL CODE . Samoil, Peter Sochan, Paul Teterenko, Pavlo Vlrsky Bohdan ^Zajcew, and Professor Fasola.

STUDENT, March 1981, page 2 Students meet in Saskatoon Mykhailo Bociurkiw SUSK Western Conference ^^obnt^e Zhyttia

SASKATOON — On the Student collective. Presenting a membership in the Canadian Montreal's McGill Univer- year, consisting of Mark weekend of March 6-8, some 25 intimate look at day-to-day University Press's student sity has been humming with the Dzyrowicz, President; Nathalie students from across Canada operations of the advertising newspaper, co-operative — activity of the Ukrainian Prychidna, V.P. Internal; gathered in Saskatoon to take Ferbey emphasized the long Media Services Inc. In order to Students' Club on campus. For Mykhailo Pasternak, Acting part in the annual SUSK hours of work and effort which further alleviate Student's debt, Ukrainian Week, Western they hosted V.P. External; Anna Hladky, Conference. Hosted by go into producing Student it and was suggested that Ukrainian successful lectures by Prof. Secretary; and Ron Alexan- the Ukrainian Students' Club at stated that much more input is Student Clubs could become Radoslav Zuk on Ukrainian drovich. They the University of are already plan- required from Ukrainian more actively involved by architecture and ning Saskatchewan, Claudette their participation at the the conference students across Canada if Stu- soliciting advertisements and Zawada on Ukrainian culture in upcoming SUSK conference in included delegates from 6 un- dent is to continue donations publishing from their com- eastern Slovakia. An enter- Ottaw in June, the Ukrainian iversities — Saskatchewan, on a regular basis. munities, as well as by donating taining film night on March 27 Youth Organization Con- Alberta, Manitoba, Toronto, David Lupul, a contributing some of the proceeds of fund- included a showing of Harvey ference {CKYMO) in New York Concordia and Carleton. member of the Student raising collec- dances to their Spaak's Wood Mountain in July and the SUSK Congress It was the third inaseriesof tive, discussed newspaper. the newspaper's Poems, Myrna Kostash's Teach in Toronto in August. They are regional meetings which SUSK finances, describing the current "Why be apathetic to Me to Dance, Eugene also proposing to hold a ban- has held so far during the 1 980- Federenko's Oscar-winning quet next fall, in conjunction 81 academic year, and served as animated short Every Child and with the Montreal Business and a follow-up to the conferences Halya Kuchmij's Genie-award Professional Club, to introduce held in Winnipeg and Montreal. winning Strongest Man in the new graduates to the local In conjunction with last World. business and professional com- August's SUSK Congress in A new executive was munity. Edmonton, the upcoming June recently elected for the 1 981 -82 Presidents' Conference in Ot- tawa and the 1981 Congress scheduled for Toronto August •«••••••••••••••••• 27-30, SUSK will have conven- ed conferences in five different provinces within the last year. Some key issues were dis- cussed at the Western Con- SUBMIT^ ference — notably, a look at the issue of human rights in Soviet Ukraine was first on the agenda. At the invitation of the local organizers of the conference TO from the University of Saskatchewan — Lesia Maruschak Liuda Mariutsan, and Raissa Cipiwnyk — a representative of Saskatoon's branch of Amnesty Inter- STUDENT national. Johanna Michalenko, outlined the aims and objec- situation as "not terribly good." bilingual education when you tives of her organization. Mrs. Lupul expressed concern over can oppose it," was the way in Articles, Michalenko urged Ukrainian poetry, cartoons, the newspaper's inability to which Maxym Lysack, a Univer- Student Clubs to get involved secure a strong financial base, sity of Saskatchewan student, photographs — we need you to with Amnesty International's adding that its omnipresent characterized the attitude of appeal on behalf of Vasyl Stus, a submit your contributions to Stu- debt has now reached $3,000. some people toward the issue of Ukrainian poet who was Despite current difficulties in Ukrainain-English language in- dent, to help us cover what's going on resentenced last October to financing and distributing Stu- struction in the provincial another term of imprisonment. in the Ukrainian community in dent, members of the collective school system in [See Amnesty appeal on behalf remain optimistic about its Saskatchewan. Describing the Canada and around the world. of Stus, p. 5 — ed.] long-term financial prospects, bilingual education program in The trials and tribulations Anything sent in by students, about citing expected grant income Saskatchewan as a "flop". of putting out Student from the provincial government student life, or of interest to the newspaper were discussed by of Alberta and new advertising Mark Ferbey, chairperson of the student community, will be con- revenue beginning this fall from (More SUSK page 11) sidered for publication. Although we cannot guarantee your work will An annual success story Sonia Maryn get into print, we will give each contribu- tion our careful consideration. U of T Ukrainian week Ukrainian-language submissions are, of course, most welcome. So The University of Toronto dissident artists, and was loan- vyshyvka pub night followed. Ukrainian Students' Club ed through the courtesy of the The next day featured an help us tell it like it reaily is, by (USC) hosted its annual Ukrai- Ukrainian Academic Society evening piano concert by submitting today Student. nian Week from 8-14 February ZAREVO. Toronto's avant-garde com- to of this year at St. Vladimir Monday 9 February 1981 poser and pianist Lubomyr Institute, adjacent to the down- was the first official day of Melnyk. Melnyk's work, a com- town university campus. Ukrainian Week, highlighted by pletely unique genre known as The intent of Ukrainian an insightful seminar on the continuous mode," is laud- A note regarding technical requirements: Week two-pronged — to was "Language Retention and the ed for its ingenuity and ethereal All articles should either be typed or neatly draw the non-active Ukrainian Bilingual Schools Question" quality. Melnyk has recently lines students on campus to a Ukrai- offered at noon by Jim Cum- completed a text dealing with written, double-spaced between and nian event, and to introduce the mings of the Ontario Institute his technique and has recorded with ample margins tor convenience greater university community to for Studies in Education an album of his most original editing. Please stipulate any conditions you Ukrainians culturally,, (OISE). During the noon period work. editing of academically and socially. live music and refreshments Wednesday 11 February might have regarding the content Around these two objectives the were provided each day of provided a stimulating discus- with articles of a sensitive political nature. Ukrainian Week programme Ukrainian Week for students to sion on the "Changing Struc- Photos should preferably be black and was planned under the supervi- drop by, have their lunch, Ukrainian Family in ture of the details describ- sion of USC Ukrainian Week socialize, and put brush to Canada" with speakers Rev. white, and have on the back Co-ordinator, Michael Gedz. canvas on one of three murais- Bozyk of St. Vladimir Orthodox ing what/who they depict. Artwork and energies and in- the- Combing making — works in Cathedran and Rev. Tataryn of cartoons should be done in black ink on resources, the U of T USC progress throughout the week. St. Demetrius Catholic Church. artist's signature presented what has to be term- Opening ceremonies held Mon- Presenting unorthodox views clean white paper, with the ed a polished and well- day evening were hosted jointly and challenging conventional incorporated in the design. balanced programme of events. by USC PresidentBorys outlooks, the two speakers Ukrainian Week was in- Wrzesnewskyj and Ukrainian succeeded in sparking the in- N.B.: in negatives of photos, and keep a itiated Sunday 8 February with Canadian Students' Union terest of the audience. That Do not send the opening of an exhibit of (SUSK) President Mykhajto evening a coffee house was copy of your articles. If you want to have your you, please enclose a stamped student and avant-garde art. Maryn , assisted by the holder of materiai returned to The latter included both oils the Chair of Ukrainian Studies, self-addressed envelope with your submission. and prints by current Ukrainian Professor Paul Magocsi. A (U of T continued page 10)

Page 3: STUDENT, March 1981 .

Third annual Kurelek lecture Greg Hamara Romanow paints picture of new west

Trudeau's attitude toward con- Warning that the future of the "clarion beacon" of future stitutional negotiations with the Canada is more seriously economic growth, Romanow provinces. Romanow observed threatened today than ever insisted that through com- that whereas prior to the 1979 before in its history, promise and consensus, the federal election the Prime Saskatchewan Attorney provinces and central govern- Minister sought out a more General and Deputy Premier, ment could reach an equitable conciliatory approach, the Roy Romanow reiterated his distribution of future energy post-Quebec Referendum province's opposition to Prime resources. Trudeau was "more determined Minister Pierre Trudeau's con- The Saskatchewan At- than ever to halt decentraliza- stitutional package. Romanow torney General also came out tion before it led to more Leves- Chr6tien and Romanow clowning It up was speaking to an attentive, strongly against the Prime ques". but cautious audience at the to incorporate British proposed constitutional resolu- Minister's flirtation with the idea White Romanow's address Third Annual William Kurelek parliamentarianism with tion currently before the House of a national referendum to in Toronto may have succeeded Memorial Lecture, held at the American federalism," Mr. of Commons would do little to settle the constitutional in convincing some that Ottawa University of Toronto, March 2. Romanow stated. He cautioned alleviate the long-standing deadlock. "Not once in forty was shortchanging the In an animated ninety- however, that by accepting Mr. grievances held by western years has anyone called for a provinces in the - proposed minute speech to a surprisingly Trudeau's proposals, Canada Canadians towards the power referendum. Most scholars and resolution, recent reports from small audience of seventy-five will undergo a "total reversal," barons of Toronto and Mon- constitutional lawyers say that London would suggest his people, Romanow likened in which the federal structure treal. Though personally rejec- such a move would simply be a pleas have fallen on deaf ears in Canada to a "string of pearls will ultimately be replaced by a ting any form of western in- bad idea," said Mr. Romanow. the British Foreign Office. which hold together Canada's unitary state. dependence, he nonetheless In addition to expressing a Minister of State Nicholas genuine federal Ridley is have varied regions' . He warned that Romanow, who last reminded his audience that "the fear of overt said to adivsed if the present federal con- summer served as Co- threat of western separation is influence in any future referen- the Saskatchewan New stitutional proposals are Chairman of the joint Federal- growing." dum, Mr. Romanow also at- Democrat that Westminster adopted, the "surprisingly Provincial body which solicited Romanow listed natural tacked the federal would not aid the provincial workable" balance that has constitutional proposals, made resources, Senate reform, the government's recent 'pro- opponents of Prime Minister historically existed between repeated references in his proposed Charter of Rights and Canada' media campaign and Trudeau's package. If this Ottawa and the provinces will remarks to the fact that the "new the constitutional amending Ottawa's habit of portraying the report proves to be accurate, it be destroyed. "Among the West" would settle for nothing procedure, as four areas where provinces as "villains from appears that the eight dissen- nations of the world. Canada's less than equal political and Saskatchewan sharply diverged within". ting provinces' last hope lies constitutional arrangement is economic status with Central from Ottawa's constitutional Furthermore, he noted a with an eventual battle in the unique because it has managed Canada. He argued that the initiative. In calling resources distinct change in Mr. Supreme Court

Shevchenko Prize Writer's Union Formed Some Punishment! Critical Solidarity? Ukrainian futurists

* The Shevchenko prize for Ternopil oblast writers' *A 'The West punished the 'Intormacni materialy is a 'NATO and Poland. On 13 literature this year was awarded organization is in the works, Soviet Union for invading Czech-language periodical February 1981 the NATO to Anatolii Andriiovych according to the Soviet Ukrai- Afghanistan by implementing a published in Berlin but aimed at supreme commander. General Dimarov and Vladislav An- nian poet and head of the Lviv grain embargo in 1980. During oppositional circles in Bernard Rogers, saidthathedid dreevich Titov. One of the eight oblast writers' organization, the first half of 1980. the EEC Czechoslovakia. It is an overtly not believe it would be in the candidates for the 1981 prize Roman Lubkivsky. Lubkivsky sold Moscow 305 million interventionist publication with West's best interests for the was also Lina Kostenko, his statement who made during a pounds sterling worth of food a left-wing perspective, Polish army to resist an invasion had distinguished herself in the round-table discussion on compared with 216 million for analogous to the Ukrainian- by the Soviet Union. (G/obe 4 mid-1960s by her support of Ukrainian literature sponsored the whole previous year. The language journal Diialoh Mail, 14 February 1981, p. 5.) arrested Ukrainian intellectuals by the Slavic Department of the United States itself exported (published in Toronto). Links Rogers made his statement in and who remains University one of of Alberta, 17 March 15.3 million metric tons of grain between two periodicals of Brussels, not Munich. Ukraine's foremost poets {her 1981 . Within the next five years, to the USSR in 1979-80, com- similar profile have existed historical novel in verse, the Ukrainian Writers' Union pared with only 11.2 million since 1976. IM no. 20 (June Marusia Churai, intends 1980, has been to establish branches in tons in 1978-9. As the West 1976) published a translation of Peace in our Time? reprinted by Bayda Books of all twenty-five oblasts; currently threatens even more stringent the Diialoh interview with Australia). four oblasts are without their embargoes in the future, Soviet Leonid Pliushch;/Mno.35 (July 'The rehabilitation ol Anatolii Dimarov {born own organizations. (See P.A. leaders are understandably 1980) contained an interview Ukrainian futurists of the WZOs 1922) is well known for his short Zahrebelny's speech at the worried. The with most insidious a Diialoh representative as is underway in Soviet Ukraine. stories, a number of which have Twenty-Sixth Congress of the capitalist trick yet — Moscow well as a short survey of the In 1980 the publishing house been translated into English. He CPU, Literaturna Ukraina, 13 will buried be under mountains Ukrainian opposition; the most Radians'kyi pys'mennyk releas- won the Shevchenko prize for February 1981; Zahrebelny is a of imported grain. issue, (Figures are recent IM no. 37 ed a volume of poetry (Poezii) his two-novel cycle /' hniv, novelist and first secretary of from the / Manchester Guardian (February 1981), contains a by a peripheral figure of the which relates the history of the Writers' the Union of Ukraine ) Weekly, 2 November brief formal 1980, p. 15; confrontation of its movement. Andrli Chuzhy. In village of Tarasivka. Vladislav The most recently formed 15 February 1981, p. 6.) collaboration with Diialoh. his review of the volume, levhen Titov (born 1934) was the only writers' organization is that of Recently, IM has transformed Adelheim spoke approvingly Russian-language writer Volhynia oblast, which came of itself from what is termed "a the "innovationist nominated for this year's prize. into being on 25 October 1980 more or less openly Trotskyist achievements" of the leader He worked as a Donbas miner (Anatolii Skrypnyk, "Barvy Feminists Organize of periodical" into a pluralistic, but the futurist until 1960, when movement, Mykhail a mining polis'koho sviata," LU, A still revolutionary and Marxist, Semenko ("Koly ty liubysh vse accident resulted in the am- November 1 980. 1 -2). pp. 'A Polish feminist forum. Its current attitude to shyve" , Literaturna Ukraina, 3 putation of both his arms. He Formerly, Volhynian writers organization has been formed Trotskyism is now defined as February won the prize for 1981, p. 3). According two short had belonged to the Lviv oblast in Warsaw. At its first one meeting, of "critical solidarity." The to the dean of Soviet Ukrainian novels ; Vsem smertiam nazlo... organization, which now, held ac- at the University of Warsaw break with old dogmas reflects Literary and Kovyl' — trava stepnaia. critics, Leonid cording to Lubkivsky, has been in late November 1980, above all around the impact of events in Noyychenko, who addressed a reduced to fifty-nine members. one hundred women attended. Eastern Europe and the prac- University of Alberta audience It remains, however, the An second account of the organization tical requirements of agitation on Solidarity largest 17 March 1981, a volume of oblast organization after and a list of its demands were in the Soviet bloc. Semenko's works is scheduled Kiev, which boasts 503 published in the Austrian for publication in Soviet with Solidarity members, i.e., over half the socialist periodical Ukraine entire in 1982. membership of the Ukrai- Gegenstimmen, no.3, (January Gays in Poland 'Support for the Polish nian Writers' Union. (On the - March 1981). workers seems to be on the rise Kiev oblast organization, see in 'The Polish Party weekly the Soviet Union. An essay in the report in LU, 26 December Polityka recently Russian samizdat. by a certain carried a full- 1980.) page Ivan Ivansky of Bobrov, story on homosexuality. (Barbara Voronezh oblast, contains the Pietkiewicz, "Gorzki Solidarity's flolet," strongest statement of solidari- Film Star 21 February 1981.) The ty to article described the growing surface thus far: "We 'Anna Walentynowicz, the support toleration with which the Poles and say: crane operator of the Lenin homosex- 'We re uality is viewed in with you, brothers!" And shipyards who played a leading North if it America and mentioned the comes to bloodshed, we'll role in the Gdansk strikes of do everything formation and activities we can to help 1980. is now the heroine of a of you. If it Western gay rights movements. comes to that, we'll join documentary put out by the you It also contained on the barricades, under Lodz film school. The film was some the vignettes on gay life in same banner: 'For Freedom made with the assistance of the Poland For It is symptomatic Bread!" Extracts of Gdansk branch of Solidarity as of the Ivansky's accelerating freedom article appeared in well as the Gdansk city govern- of discus- sion in the Polish press Ukrainian translation in ment and the shipyard manage- that this once taboo subject Ukrains'ke slovo (Paris). 15 ment. {Polityka, 28 February can now be broached and from a March 1981. 1981. p.g 2.) perspec- tive of relative sympathy

STUDENT, March 1981, page 4 Ukrainian writer re-arrested Amnesty International (Saskatoon) Stus: 15 more years

Amnesty International has who vouch for his upkeep, the group.

received reports that Vasyl should he be released. „ As a young man Stus took Stus, Ukrainian poet, writer and In the autumn of 1975 Vasyl teacher training, taught school translator, re-arrested in mid Stus was taken to Kiev for "re- and served in the Soviet Army. May 1980, was tried October 2 education." While in prison he His poems and literary articles | and was given the very severe suffered for stomach ulcers and were published in Ukrainian sentence of 10 years imprison- for a time was denied treatment periodicals. While working in ment and 5 years internal exile and forced to do hard labor in the Shevchenko Institute of as a recidivist. the colony. Eventually he was Literature in 1965, he spoke out Mr. Stus is 44 years of age sent to Leningrad for treatment against the imprisonment of and is in poor health. He had where a large section of his Ukrainian writers and cultural recently completed 5 years in a stomach was removed in 1976. works. He was dismissed from • The Canadian University Press (CUP) — of which Sfudenf is a corrective hard labor colony He was sent back to the labor doctorate studies at the In- member paper — has elected an ethnic Newfoundlander to the and 3 years internal exile. camp. stitute and denied publication presidency of the organization. His name is John Parsons and he'll His re-arrest in May took In prison Stus continued of his poems and articles. He be taking over the reigns of power from out-going president Mike place during a country-wide writing and translations. Hun- obtained work in construction Belagus sometime in May. And in another purging of old faces, crackdown on Soviet dissenters dreds of these works were as a labourer, but was fired, Peter Hammond of Nelson B.C., has ousted Nancy McRitchie from charged with "Anti Soviet agita- confiscated. He was forced to ostensibly for holding a job, her position as western regional fieldworker. Peter has already had tion and propaganda.'' burn all his correspondence. He "alien to his qualifications." his first work and indoctrination session with the Sfudenf English with an Members of the Ukrainian was subjected to constant After 1965 his writing was collective, and is slowly beginning to learn to speak group of intellectuals monitor- harassment and denied the widely circulated in the Ukrai- Ukrainian accent. will be ing the Helsinki Accord, are all special diet required for his nian samizdat which brought • Ukrainian students who are students of Marx The suspect; many have received health. him a reputation as one of the interested to know that Roman Rosdolsky's important study, affordable harsh sentences. In 1977 he was exiled to a finest poets in the Ukrainian Making of Marx's 'Capital', is now available in an house. Vasyl Stus was first remote part of the USSR and language. Two of his books of paperback edition put out by the Trotskyist publishing Ukrainian Marxist arrested in 1972 because of his kept under close surveillance poems have reached the West: Pluto Press This classic work by an outstanding continuing protests against the and constant harassment and "Winter Trees" in 1970 and "A thinker was originally written in German but was recently newly-published Russification of Ukraine and for intimidation. Nonetheless, he Candle in a Mirror" 1977. Stus's translated into English by Pete Burgess. Another Ukrainian his defense of imprisoned announced his intention of achievements as a poet have book that is sure to be of interest to all budding young is a Ukrainian intellectuals. He joining the Ukrainian Helsinki been recognized by invitations Marxists — as well as students of Soviet bloc politics — leading Marxist steadfastly refused to renounce Monitoring Group. Completing to lecture at U.S. Universities collection of speeches and papers delivered by in a conference held in Rome his convictions and asked to his sentence, he returned to and by honorary membership intellectuals and trade union activists at Opposition in post- emigrate out of the USSR. He Kiev in 1979 and attempted to the International P.E.N. Group. in November of 1977. Titled Power and (available through in Canada become an active member of revolutionary Societies, this useful compilation has close relatives and Pathfinder Press) contains works by such left-wing luminaries the well- socialist dissidents as Charles Bettelheim, Jiri Pelikan and known Ukrainian Marxist, Leonid Plyushch. The latter has two Together or Down Toqether contributions in the book , "Forward (Plyushch and a striking defence of religious freedom in the USSR letter supplementary remarks entitled, "The campaign in some Stus is an atheist) made Churches: That is not the Whole Story." WARNING Do not get caught reading this subversive with buckets and literature by any fellow Ukrainian students armed campaign to mops, as you may just get swept up in the current clean up SUSK's image. into Ukrainian dance of late, • It seems everyone is getting Charles including members of Britain's royal family. Crown prince prysiady while was recently caught by photographers doing Apparently, the tourinq ethnic communities in Derby, England. do the hopak than vounq tsarevitch finds it less embarassing to At least he doesn t have to fall off horses during steeplechases. on the baggy worry about splitting his trousers, which are usually side — Bond Streets's answer to Sharyvary.' Ukrainian • Word out of the United States is that the upstart of apathy newsletter known as The Phoenix has folded because who requested and intolerance." In the words of one former staffer Mark Malyj "did atremendous |Ob at great pains anonymity, editor more New York City Ukrainians seem to be but unfortunately an supporting "bar stools and empty rhetoric than interested in ominous independent, alternative publication. On an even more the writers on The note Student has also learned that one of because he dared to Phoenix staff was physically threatened The Phoenix will express "deviant" ideas. One can only hope that task of serving as an outlet rise again from the ashes to take up the American hromada. for critical opinion in the Ukrainian- • Edmonton's Taras Chornowol Group has been giving iazz his across Canada a great deal to groove over with enthusiasts Sun under virtuosity on the violin. A recent article in the Edmonton the band s style as the headline, "Taras totally terrific", praised the Soviet Leonid Brezhnev. General sweet to ethereal. The Please write courteously worded letters to "To "precise and smooth, running from Secretary of Communist Party of the tenor saxophone and flute, expressing grave concern at the very severe sen ence versatile contributions of John Reid on Authorities of George that Mr. Stus is a Soviet Union- , Foster, the stronc|bass given Vasyl Stus. Amnesty International believes Moskva, Kreml„ m the frenetic drumming of Tom crime nor did he USSR. piano solos of Adrian Chornowo have nrisoner of conscience; has committed no Generalnomu Sekretaryu Koller and the-superb opinions and which massages the ears of all iazz- advocate the use of violence. He has expressed his TsK KPSS: Predsedatelyu created a fluid musical sound for his health. His arrest currently working on a demo tape of his own beliefs in a non-violent way. Voice concern Prezidiuma lovers. Taras is or.Civi and SSSR L.t. brother Adrian, hoping to market the Nations Covenant l Verkhovnogo soveta with help from is in contravention of the United compositions - and Cult ural Brezhnevu. the big break into the professional Political Rights (1966), and on Social Economic tape in Toronto and make 1976 and both had in Canada. Rights (1966). both of which came into force in recording industry Procurator-General of the Mosaic, student journalist been ratified by the USSR. j4,.i.,..h»i "To the • absolute defiance of The Vertical released immediately. that In editorship of he Urqently request that Vasyl Stus be USSR: Pornr Michalvshvn has been elected to the year old son he be allowed toemigrate to USSR, Moskva Pushkinskaya ul. newspaper the Gateway or the along with his wife and 14 Unitersi fo Alberta's campus who will assume total 15a, who hails from Canada where he has close relatives 1981-82 publishing year Peter, a former CYMKivets and his family. Procurator, Ukrainian ghetto.of responsibility for him „„„„, Procuratora-SSSR, h weH-heeled Edmonton International appeal community^haHssurStothat is sure to letter written in response to an Amnesty Prokuroru. of experience in the Ukrainian A join Generalnomu the kind hack in which thousands of others position. His legendary skills as a is part of a worldwide campaign serve .well in his new corners of our globe can and tournaments are no doubt partly steady stream of letters from all nlaver in CYMK floor hockey A that To N. Tikhonov. Chairman of the and the governments. Experience has shown rise in the print media hierarchy, does have an effect on Ministers of the USSR: resuonsmlefor his rapid may be anxious to have the Council of Ukrainian school teachers are sure even the most repressive government USSR. Moskva. Kreml. She developed terrorizing reasonable. on the professorial mandarins in outside world believe it is fair and Predsedatelyu Soveta to come in handy when he takes wish to use are that in ta king ove addresses to USSR officials you may SSSR, Nokolai Tikhonov. academia. It should be noted Some Ministrov he ivory towlreof of you make to the UbbH to is following in the footsteps given below. Send copy of any appeal he reins of the paper. Michalyshyn directly to use his good Judy Samoil - who also their Ambassador in Ottawa; or write him mother Pioneer Ukrainian journalist. Stus. To the Procurator in the Ukraine: and another even more influence and intervene on behalf of Vasyl emeroed from the Grandview ghetto - various officials in need Mr. F.K. Glukh. alleged leader of the Progressive These are the forms of address to the SSSR. nHous figure - Joe Clark, the USSR, Kiev, Ukraine. prime minister of Canada. of contact on the Vasyl Stus case: Respublikanskaya conservative party and a short-lived Kreshchatik 2. what bright future awaits Procuratura, Prokuroru F.K. K?KpreVt«W, who knows Glukhu h n artist on the i eT.o report that Study's featured tve»as was recently the culture paoe in our last issue, Halya Kuchmil To the First Secretary of the Com- equivalen of the Academy rec Dient of a maior award at Canada's munist Party of the Ukraine: streets than Write them now! Sooner had our interview with Halya hit the USSR, Kiev, Ukraine. SSSR. Awards No S U.Ordzhonikidze 11, Pervomu. weloundoS in the World. ^Just5 Sekretaryu TsK KPU, Theatrical Short" for The Strongest Man to keep you one step "Write to at least the following V.V. Scherbitskomu InofheMnstance of Student trying the three; L.I. Brezhnev ; ahead of the news. Procurator-General and to the the USSR Ambassador in Ottawa — or send a "To Ambassador in Ottawa: copy to the latter. His Excellency Dr. Alexander Yakovlev, Ambassador 285 Charlotte St., Ottawa, Ontario. K1N8I5

Page 5: STUDENT, March 1981 " Tat ana Mamonova:

Russian this activity of ours that forced Mr. Brezhnev to touch upon the Tatiana Mamonova, the recently-exiled "woman's question" at the Congress (of the CPSU — eds.) and of many talents. In addition to being a feminist, is a woman the: Soviet press to begin discussing the plight of single mothers. also a writer, translator and poet. committed activist, she is We do not make any claims on the authorities to begin quoting one of the founding But she is perhaps best known as being from our Almanach. We are encouraged, however, by tne Almanach: Women fact that editors of the samizdat feminist journal: the authorities have turned their attention to problems which we available in an and Russia — the first issue of which is now touched upon in the Almanach. Feminist I want express our bewilderment Enqtish translation published in 1979 by Sheba to gave at the with regard to the new law on the limitation of heavy labour for This is the text of the speech she Press women, which recently appeared in the Soviet Union. We were Rally in Edmonton on March 7. International Women's Day awaiting not prohibitions, but the right of choice; not a return to the interview with Mamonova to And below is a translation of an relic of the family hearth, but the possibility of more fully Dnaloh. be published shortly in the Ukrainian journal expressing ourselves. There were few women truck-drivers, captains, airplane pilots — now there will be even fewer. Women will remain in their posts as cleaning women, and janitors, and the festive atmosphere of this housewives, whose work is generally not counted as work yet is in I would really like to maintain sad things, and not fact the exhausting. results of scientific investigations day, but unfortunately. I must speak about very most The happy ones. which are carried out in the Soviet Union — and which are in Paris discovered that my to life easier for protect their health — Today. I phoned my husband and supposed make women and co-worker who took responsibility for the Almanach in Leningrad it seems to me are used practically against women. after my exile ( Natalia Mattseva- eds.), was released from prison. Our Almanach emphasizes the fact of woman's exploitation in rejoice this. family we consider that in proletariat Unfortunately, I cannot wholeheartedly about the and our time a new has

if is to her and whether we developed as the most oppressed class — women — of all levels of I do not know this freedom sweet can consider this a victory. But we are aware of the fact that Vera- the population and of all nationalities. It was for this reason that our Mal'tseva chose pluralist platform Natasha — I refer to Vera Golubeeva and Natasha Almanach a and offered a podium to because she works under a pseudonym (the former is the women of all ages and persuasions. pseudonym — eds.). who was released from a KGB isolation cell The authorities looked askance at our Almanach for a long where she had been for two months — was subjected daily to time, resorting to all kinds of indirect pressures and means of pressures, interrogations, and blackmail. We are well acquainted suppression. The authorities did not risk immediately designating with the methods of the KGB: first the stick — the threat of seven our almanakh by the same terms they always apply to samizdat and years imprisonment — then the carrot — you may return to your to the producers of samizdat; the KGB did not risk declaring it

daughter if ... libelous but cautiously described it as being "tendentiously Of course, we rejoice in the release of Natalia Mal'tseva. It ideological

means our fight was not in vain. For if she had been sent to the I want to explain why I gave the Almanach the name Women damp prisons she surely would have died because she is sick with and Russia, even though our problems were not at all restricted to tuberculosis. And it is a very great ordeal for Mal'tseva to be Russia. These were tactical considerations because of the separated from her child. But some people expound it otherwise. psychological atmosphere in the Soviet Union, which reflects the "She broke," one newly minted emigrant told me ten days ago in allergic reaction of society to the constant ideological indoctrina-

Paris. Was it not perhaps this celebration by our secret phallocrat- tion. It was absolutely clear that if we gave the Almanach the title foes that the KGB counted on, letting Natalia Mal'tseva out of its Women in the Soviet Union or Women in the Socialist Countries, claws just before March 8? You see, March 8 is official women's day we would by this very name turn off ninety percent of our potential

it in the USSR. I think that the KGB decided that was not necessary readers, who know perfectly well from the official media that the to compromise itself further with pronouncements against women Soviet woman is the most fortunate and completely equal in rights. when there is the opportunity to compromise feminism. For a This is certainly believable if you only examine our constitution and whole campaign unrolled around the arrest of Natalia Mal'tseva. legislative enactments. But unfortunately, in practice, women can The democratic forces of the world and feminists of many make use neither of the constitution nor of the legislative rights, countries took up the matter of Maltseva and her defense. How which continue to exist only on paper. Our society does not offer a many written protests reached the embassies and the Kremlin, and woman the necessary conditions for realizing her personality. She how many oral statements were made! We are convinced that it was is suffocated by incredible burdens in the family and in the factory.

An exclusive Diialoh interview with the e<

Dilaloh: You have stated that you consider yourself—a the KGB office, and I still had many illusions about .the socialist feminist. How would you define this current Soviet socialism. With some naivete I asked for a reason sepe socialist feminism — and what are its origins? why they refused to give the Czechoslovak people their

freedom, and why I wasn't allowed to publish a free Man

I Mamonova: consider myself as being a Socialist but I women's journal. I later forgot about my reference to a and do not consider myself a Marxist — this is very women's journal, but was reminded of it in 1979 when nam important. Because. Marx, from my point of view, never the Almanach was published. You see, the name of the com solved very real a important, and problem for our time editor of our Almanach was nowhere mentioned — I nam — the exploitation of women within the family. And this was the editor then — but the KGB reminded me of my Won is the most important question for our Almanach statements in 1968 concerning my desire to publish a inter (subtitled Women and Russia — eds.) because we women's journal. As you can see, our KGB works quite in th believe that the Emancipation was incorrectly un- efficiently. cour derstood in the Soviet Union — equality means not only atm( new rights for women but also new responsibilities for Diialoh: Did you know about the Ukrainian movement espe men. of the 1960's? reac Unic Dilaloh: But there were some attempts in the 1920s Mamonova: The fact is that I travelled throughout the muc among women, though not reflected in lormal laws, Soviet Union to learn about life there... I knew a bit then where they experimented with a variety of different about the differences in the condition of women in the this living situations for example. Thus, instead of living in a other republics of the Soviet Union. Yes, I knew about nam family unit — life there I to some extent, although can't say that I knew ty- that much, because, unfortunately, everyone was Mamonova: I think that on the territory of the Soviet increasingly confined and isolated within very narrow DUal Union at that time — Russia— feminism already existed circles due to the fact that it was impossible to establish as c in the 1860's and it developed right up until the open personal relations with people. Sow'

Revolution. However, I believe that the feminists and the women revolutionaries were bound to sacrifice Diialoh: Did you know Nadia Svitlychna... Man their feminism to the Revolution because at that time ansv Mamonova: I only... the struggle for workers' rights was considered to be muc the most important struggle, it was seen as being a very Dilaloh: ...or Alia Horska? I'm realizable ideal and therefore must be given primacy, mos and perhaps, this was true at that time. Meanwhile, it Mamonova:...! only knew of her, but, regretfully, I never frorr was generally held that the woman question would met her. And what's happening with Alia Horska at this mos solve itself automatically, in time. But as far as we can moment? . — a see. in the Soviet Union women's questions have not undi solved themselves automatically up to our time. But the worked in who Leningrad, well, in the 1970's work Diialoh: Alia Horska was a famous artist in Ukraine who only primary reason, I believe, why Russia was unable to was.... intertwined with degradation and for us, it was was active in the movement. In 1970 she was found the! realize those socialist ideals championed by the connected with the events in Czechoslovakia because dead in her home. It is unclear as to what exactly actu Revolution was because it was extraordinarily weaken- when the social ferment in Czechoslovakia was happened to her., whether ed by war, hunger, she was pushed, or by intervention and what was of even crushed, it became much worse for the people in the accidentally fell down the stairs in her house. Alia time greater importance was the fact that on the backs of the Soviet Union — it was a general process of degrada- Horska was one of the artists who created a Vitrage (a Revolution's children, there developed the parasite tion. stained-glass panel — eds.) at Kyiv University. Dlia known as Stalinism, which from our point of view, was counter-revolutionary and which thin, nullified all of those Diialoh: Did you hear a lot about the liberalization I Mamonova: had heard of her but I had no idea that she wha excellent initial steps taken in the 1 920's concerning the processes in Czechoslovakia in 1968? was dead... position of women and the transformation of the family. Man However, the primary substance of the demands was Mamonova: The official press, of course, did not talk Dlialoh:Her Vitrage had Tares Uni( not realized because it was disembowled of all content. Shevchenko standing very much about it. It only talked about the 'regenera- not) Well, in 1965 in the Soviet Union we were with his arms over his head making a sign of tion of fascism' and about the 'rebirth of fascism' there kno< experiencing a sort of liberalization after the nightmare unrelenting struggle. This stained-glass panel im- — we had lots of delirious ranting in the press. Of men of Stalinism... it was at this in mediately became a symbol of resistance for the time, the 'hot' 1960'sthat I course I had many dissident friends, and together we Ukrainian dissident the Soc was educated — it was a wonderful period for me movement and so panel was often talked about this subject. They were intelligent own because then it was possible to read about feminism quickly removed from the university and destroyed by people, but, I think, even ordinary of people — those who the authorities. have a few photographs it left. t and other things, and it was possible to publish We of articles did not have the opportunity to spend pror Q _ :_ iu_ a lot of time to You know, when Ukrainian dissident women arrive in an(j think about such questions — understood what was the West, they frequently say that — Svitlychna tor that ...in happening. Well, sometime in 1968 I was called in for example, said that is in favor of the feminist expl tl d in she questioning by the — in the case intei b KGB of my Moscow movement although she also feels that democratic vere friend whom we supported — not only him our I al — but rights must be primary while national rights must also d everyone who was against are the occupation in be vigorously supported. My question is, How do you rker Czechoslovakia — we had a very shallow discussion in see this? How can we unite the feminist movement and occi STUDENT, March 1981, page 6 A Feminist Speaks

From our point of view, equality means not only new rights tor women but also new responsibilities for men, andthis has not been Everyday lite is torture realized in our society. the old chargers' hooves are worn down The co-workers of our Almanach tried to expose the paradoxes — I the house of our emancipation. long to leave Women, who are forced to remain silent and pains, And you really have never known endure end up speaking with their full voice. The KGB tried whose whiteness drives me out? to persuade, scare, shut them up, chase them out. Nothing helped The voice of The brilliance ol paper women continued to resound. Then actions by the KGB became more aggressive and more frank: searches arrests is the purest of murky water!

and the like. . from a poem by T. Mamonova We cannot demand that each of our co-workers be a heroine The Almanach is the cry of woman. It is her agony. And it is the protest against this agony. But if it is made even more agonizinq arid the woman becomes silent or "agrees" with the violator can she be blamed for this? Our movement is I want to return to the fate of Natalia not elitist. This is not a movement of a few Maltseva. I want to say that sne suffered because she is extraordinary women. This is not a heroic crusade.but a human one a single mother; she wrote about her are suffering in our Almanach. Her greatest When we asked if we are marxists or anti-marxists we reply pain came when she was denied all we are feminists it is " visits from her daughter — possibly — a new politics, it is our politics We think for many years that it is precisely in Reived news that she became ill in prison, feminism that humanism finds its most and that the 'officials? poignant expression. then used drugson her - drugs which were desiqned to destroy her personality. After two It can be said that we are torsocial transformation, and that we months of this torment they arranged a meeting for her with an older think that the socialist revolution in Russia was not in vain man, who had previously Our been at her home once or twice. I don't know Revolution did contribute to the transformation of the world whether or not he was married. Later, this man was released although, unfortunately, Russia itself, exhausted by the Revolu- to the West where he beqan tion, very intensely to spread the idea that Natalia could not realize its ideals. Russia was extremely weakened by Maltseva "admits her war, errors with tears in her eyes." Unfortunately, among by famine, by intervention, and by the fact that on its sickly our emigration there were those who eagerly body there grew up took up this rumor Was it not such a parasite known as Stalinism. Stalinism same the from our point peoole who readily, at the beginning of the development of view, was counter-revolutionary; it negated all of of the the Almanach, accused the women's movement initial measures taken after the Revolution in the twenties. of emotionalism priding themselves for being manly dissidents? We came to the conclusion that because men were un- Not long ago, there appeared a note in Ruskaia successful in building socialism, shouldn't women Mysl which undertake to do carried the message, "if you believed this? In Russia, feminism thesermons of Father Dudko" had already existed in the 60's of the 19th he is — a well-known activist of the Christian-dissident rebirth century. But during the Revolution (in 1917 — eds.) in women were Russia — "then do not believe his forced to sacrifice words from the moment he falls their feminism to the revolution. Feminism into the hands of the KGB, because he will bespeaking through during the Revolution, was labelled as a petit-bourgeois the tendency mouth of the KGB; they will " not be his own words It was with these and women were reassured that when Communism was realized words that I wanted to finish my speech. I want to say that I their "women's problems" would be automatically don't solved. But we know what will happen further with Natalia Maltseva but if she see that the generation of our grandmothers has vanished, the speaks with words not her own, then do not believe her, because generation of mothers is disappearing, our own children Vera are Golubeeva once existed and her words continue to exist growing up, and yet, the "women's problems" are not I automatically want to remind you not only of the trials conducted by Stalin solved. We might even say that there is observable a maximum when people with revolvers at their heads confessed to their regression in the position of women at this time. The woman is mistakes; I want to remind you also of the mediaeval Inquisition being shoved back into the out-dated family. And, in fact society is where the so-called witches similarly admitted their guilt. Thank once again saddling her with the three well-known German "K's"- you for your attention. kitchen, children and church — these are the ideas which are still flourishing in the Soviet Union, both officially and unofficially Translated by Liubomyr Szuch editor of Almanach: Women and Russia the national movement. Is it possib/e? these Are two very still, separate problems? difficult but the question remains — how can this be organized? Mamonova: No, these are not two separate problems Mamonova: It is very difficult. I was compelled, for and at this point I would like to pause to explain the example, to act mainly an an individual basis, to talk naming of Women and Russia. I was /, with individual women. And you know, throughout the compelled to choose such a name because I could not period after 1956 I was able to talk to thousands and name the Almanach Woman and the Soviet Union or thousands of individual women throughout the in Soviet Women Socialist Countries (even though I am Union. This question has long been a burning issue for interested in the condition of women not only in Russia, me and I have always considered myself a born in the Soviet Union, but also in the so-called Socialist feminist. I think it was from a desire to see justice done. countries) because of the contemptible psychological It was an elementary desire for justice. I wanted to know atmosphere which exists in the Soviet Union and the condition of women in the Soviet Union. Wherever I especially in Leningrad and Moscow. It was an allergic in went the Soviet Union, I found the situation of women reaction to these divisions, to all these terms — "Soviet to be equally tragic — whether it was in Russia, Ukraine, Union", "Socialism" — which are bandied about so Central Asia, Kavkaz. or Kamchatka, — the life of much by the official press, that people do not believe in is extremely difficult. women That is why I do not think ihem; there would be no one to read our4/manacn. For we should split up the national movement from the

this reason I limited to this restricting was choosing feminist movement. We could work in parallel — the name, which offers, quiteaprimitive perhaps, possibili- national movement could struggle, naturally, for its ty — but it's a beginning. own national interests, but for me they do not conflict with each other because both the national movement Dlialoh: Perhaps we could ask you — what do you see and the feminist movement are democratic movements. as constituting the main feminist questions in the Soviet Union? Difatoh: Yes, yes, I agree with you. I want to ask you about Lesbians in the Soviet Union. One thing which

I'll explain I not all Mamonova: I... why am at inclined to struck me when I visited the Soviet Union was that In Soviet answer that question. the Union, they talk very sexual questions are not discussed there. When I much about the tasks of our society and, in general, — became a feminist, sexuality was a very important I'm referring here more to the psychological at- question for me and yet in the Soviet Union this to the very concrete mosphere than tasks — to be sure, question is nowhere discussed either in Samizdat or from point of view, the psychological revolution my is elsewhere. It seems to me that the Almanach was the most important — and so here you already have a task first to touch upon this issue. I think when we speak of

— revolution in consciousness. I if a don't know you Whenever the word feminism is used by the authorities, democratic rights, in a general humane sense sexuality understand the phrase 'allergic reaction', but it is not they say such things as "oh yes, once upon a ti me, must also be included as a component part of such only a reality for me, but also for very many people-in somewhere there used to be a small feminist rights. the especially Soviet Union and for young people. They movement, just like there are a few tiny insignificant not even listen I agree is actually can to those words anymore groups somewhere now, but they aren't movements — Mamonova: that this a very important

question I because they have recognized them to be lies a long only petit-bourgeois cliques which are formed by and as the editor believed it was necessary time not only to write about it in the first issue of the ago. women who have nothing else to do." In this connec- Almanach but also to talk about this delicate — indeed tion, having already been in many cities of the world, I Dlialoh: But, if believe that there is a need to begin quite delicate — issue as I'm sure noticed. also, you personally felt the strength and force of the women's you But thinking differently, then what kind of change is this — movement. it was such a delicate issue that broaching this subject what does it entail? What are we searching for? brought forth a very great furor against me. I was I do not want to divide the national question from charged with being amoral not only by official the democratic feminist movement — I say democratic spokespersons, the of the Mamonova: I think that the but even by right-wing first deficiency of the Soviet movement because I believe there exists only one

dissident movement. I think they were just following the Union is the unavailability of information. Our women feminism; there is no such thing as an 'Eastern' example of the bigoted and hypocritical Soviet of- not only do not know their own history, they also do not feminism and a "Western' feminism; there is but one ficialdom. Those dissidents know very well that know the history of the international women's move- feminist movement in which, most importantly, all sexuality in Soviet — ment; they are kept in total isolation, completely cut off. women of all countries, republics and nationalities the Union both male and female So one of the things to do is to inform them about their participate with a desire to transform the world. — exists in'a repressed state here, and we own history. You see, Stalinism destroyed the relations can't remain silent about it or ignore it, Its time to begin of talking about it because people often surfer from it — the structural force of the ... in the country. It Dlialoh: How can this be organized? Is this a personal especially are frequently promoted a cleavage between the generations and for question for individual women to solve or do you see women — women forced to hide their feelings, and so they often fall into of that reason people do not know their history. We must organized groups working on this problem? Because, states depression and other illnesses because they can't explain to them their history and the history of the in the West, a major strength of feminists is their ability international women's express themselves. They aren't allowed to be movement because I believe that to organize all kinds of groups. Should women get our rulers are intent on keeping people in isolation, they together and talk about theft mutual concerns, and in are intent on suppressing information on the events this way re-assure one another, get strength from each ( Mamonova continued page 10) occurring in the international women's movement. other? I am aware that doing this in the Soviet Union is

Page 7: STUDENT, March 1981 )

a column of music review Punk + Uke = Puke? Sonia Maryn by Bohdan Zajcew New gig has 'em gagging

BET SENDS YA

A Coming of Age..

KVITKA KVITKA CICYK KMC Records KMS 1001

I) Sydyt'divclia bysiroiu vodoiu !) l*anku 2) eabusiu.rldnen'ka 2) RushnychoK 3j oi kazala menl maly Stojhf flora vyiokala ' 3) 4) K omfl(yk 4 Oi vydno selo 5 Nicn taka bospody Si KolysKova 6) Hendiia

7) I shumyV < hude luman iarom kotyt'sla 9) U tiorakh kaipalakh 10] Vziavby la banduru II) Verkhovyno

Last issue I So much for advance planning and publicity... but cir- promised the latest from the kOBANSKI KOZAKY the back cumstance has relegated these Parisian favorites to ^ ask? Well I burner for a month or two. Circumstance, you Ukrainian radio happened to catch ROMAN ONUFRIJCHUK's piece program on Edmonton's CKER a few weeks ago and heard a intention tor this issues Hti of music that devastated every eats Pyrih and the Holubtsi. single song, The crowd up SENDS YA Admittedly, I'm seldom overwhelmed by a on and have with an opportunity to significance. They serve, albeit especially when it's a narodnia pisnia I was weaned "Mizh liudmy my ne vazhni ed them There are, stipulating only that in a thoroughly unorthodox I remember. perform, heard in more arrangements than care to Dumky yim usi durni lucked into the group manner, to reinforce one's however, exceptions to every rule, and I seem to have Ruky yih shchos ne pryvitni sing in Ukrainian, chance. sense of 'Ukrainianness.' ° Kazhut my ne ambitni jumped at the Pyrih is experimenting in a song was that favorite folk standard "Ivanku", which has Tze ye moie pokolinnia" The community jumped on on people relatively undefined field —that been rehashed so many times by so many people it borders the group. The young Ukrainian folk of older of Ukrainian -Canadian culture. being tacitly recognized as the unofficial anthem of were thrilled, but a lot of attempts to synthesize music Not only has "Ivanku" been entrenched in the repetoires They're onstage. They're individuals were offended. Over Their both traditions ensembles suby as Kiev's VERIOVKA FOLK CHORUS and loud — and brash — and the last year and a half, an- elements of approval from most Winnipeg's O. KOSHETZ CHOIR, but it's standard fare for raunchy. They're terrific. Petro noying comments have been meet with older contemporary Ukrainian groups as well. And yet, here was Pyrih and the Holubtsi, Toron- directed toward members ofthe young people. Yet many production, an view the phenomenon something a little different — unique. Superb to's nova khvylia sensation, are group as well as to their parents. people even orchestralarrangement that took your breath away, and avoice that doing their first big gig at the U Many have been trivial warily, and in some cases, was magical yet hauntingly familiar. of T's Ukrainian Week cabaret, criticisms: directed at their use with hostility. familiarity is well-founded. "What the older people As it turns out, the sensation of blasting out Ukrainian lyrics to of English lyrics; their ostensi- Audiophiles may remember a somewhat obscure release from the The Who's "My Generation" ble desecration of Ukrainian don't understand," says York- we're not late 1960s or early 1970s entitled IVANKU, featuring the New and sending the audience into a music (such as the punked up Holowatyj, "is that based IRENA BISKUP ORCHESTRA. The album was a significant state of frenzy. versions of , and trying to break with tradition. departure from the mainstream of contemporary Ukrainian "What we're doing is the Volya, and their use of a tryzub We are trying to update it. That's musical development of the day in North American, breaking new most outrageous thing possible in the Pyrih logo — a punker one problem I see with the ground and taking more than its share of chances. That in itself as far as the community goes," kozak in dark glasses puffing on Ukrainian community. There's may account for the record's present obscurity. Nonetheless, the says Andrij Czornyj, lead a pipe. very little compromise. They're highlight of the IVANKU album was the debut appearance of a guitarist of Petro Pyrih. "The The greatest outcry has so obsessed with themselves. young lady by the name of KVITKA CICYK. A diamond in the rough theatrics, the sensationalism — been against Czornyj's wearing Not everyone, but a lot of the and served notice of obsessed with at the time, her vocal abilities still sparkled they're all part of it." the P7asf odnostrjj . Under community is so bigger and better things to come. Perhaps through mere Czornyj gives a highly strong pressure from outraged all kinds of things. I'm not coincidence, the album's best track was the title song "Ivanku." charged performance replete community elders. Pynh's intimidated by pressure to me to A decade later... Again, the same song, with the same familiar ' with leaps, bounds and guitar parents threatened to prohibit be a Ukrainian. It's up to me if I voice, but a different KVITKA CICYK. And with her new album windmills. He wears a regula- him from playing with the band want to marry another Ukrai- KVITKA, the lady proves she's come of musical age. It was a long tion Plast odnostri] — unless the group dropped the nian or not. I'm not intimated by time in coming but well worth the wait. The rough edges have been anklesocks, shorts, shirt and odnosfn/fromtheiract. Czornyj that kind of social pressure... KVITKA shaken ofl and expectations have all been surpassed. kerchief. On his head he sports received four irate calls after That's why I think the idea of CICYK is back; this time, hopefully, to stay. his own addition — a beanie, performing at the Ukrainian being Ukrainian is taken wrong- convenient — CICYK's two renditions of "Ivanku" provide a propeller and all. Week cabaret in the odnostri}. ly by a lot of youth today framework by which to guage her musical growth. Reliable sources "People tell us: To ne He has also been warned that he because of the intimidation. It's a hired voice, indicate that first time around she was merely muzika, to primitivism, says will be thrown out of Plast if he up to us to continue on with continually held in check so as not to overshadow the IVANKU Andrij Holowatyj, main vocalist persists in wearing the od- various Ukrainian traditions but final album's focus, which was the BISKUP ORCHESTRA. The for the group, "and they're right. nostrij. if no one's interested in them no product lends credence to that assessment. Now the focus is But that's what the kids want." This constant haranguing one's going to do it." KVITKA CICYK, and the album is all KVITKA. Backed by a coterie And that's what Czornyj, has convinced Czornyj to Petro Pyrih and the Holubt- producing arranging of fine studio musicians and leaving the and Holowatyj, Yurko Huculak reconsider using the odnostrij si are doing it — again, at the duties to a very talented JACK CORTNER, CICYK appears to cabaret. Their (keyboards) , and Bohdan in his act. What started out as a Ukrainian Week delight in her free hand and traverses a broad range of her Moroch (drums) give. They "gimmick" has become too dynamic, performance strikes a girlhood, replaced by imaginative abilities. Gone is the naivety of gyrate, they grind, they send contentious for the band's lik- resonant chord with the cabaret of womanhood which all the while the wide emotional spectrum — pulses of energy out into a ing, and Czornyj will be audience. People are on the retains a sense of innocence. And still the overriding gentleness hungry audience which pleads closeting the odnostrij much to edge of their seats, or up on nizhnist — so essential to CICYK's appeal. for more. the disappointment of his their feet dancing or straining Side One of KVITKA leads off with the song "Ivanku," which by "Once I rolled around on audience. Petro Pyrih and the for a better view. Atable of older itself is worth the album's purchase price. What follows is a by-and- the stage saying "hochu spaty, Holubtsi don't have any axes to individuals get up at the end of estrada favorites which CICYK large well chosen set of folk and hochu spaty," says Holowatyj. grind — their greatest motiva- the first set and head for the cognizant of each song's sentient approaches with confidence, The audience — a group of tion is performing for the "fun" door. But before they can leave, tunes are well known but to each she adds a new range. The Plast youth — loved it. Their of it. Pyrih returns to do a quick intact. The bittersweet perspective while delivering the message elders, stationed at the rear of. "We're not trying to put encore and they linger in the lament of lost youth in loneliness of "Rushnychok, the melancholy the small auditorium, were anything down," says doorway .craning their necks for "Stojif hora vysokaia," and the gentle dream-like quality of aghast. Holowatyj. "We're not putting one more look. Afterward, the "Kolyskova" — it all shines through. Only the inclusion of "Oi "When the camera flashes Plast down. In our generation group is approached by several vydno selo" is questionable. By nature a macho tune requiring went off," recalls Czornyj. "we no one takes it that way. But in enthusiastic members of the powerful arrangement and delivery, CICYK's interpretation falls could see them all standing the older generation I do kind of audience. short of the mark. there, their mouths dropped worry, onfy because they take it "It was really something," At first glance, Side Two of KVITKA can appear startling, as I con- open. I could have sworn saw that way and it's being says Czornyj, "everyone in virtually unheard of total of eleven CICYK manages to squeeze a people taking notes." overblown." gratulating us, telling us we songs, each running approximately two minutes in duration It was at this event in the It's precisely because of were great. My little sister is our Consequently, the listener is occasionally left hanging, the song Plast domivka that Petro Pyrih their use of readily recognizable harshest critic. She was there over before it can be appreciated fully. Be that as it may, there are and the Holubtsi made their elements of Ukrainian - North with all her friends and they all some magical moments. The arrangement of Sydyf divcha nad in winter of — it terrific." 1 debut the 1979, American life the odnostrij thought was bystroiu vodoiu ' is reminiscent of the Swedish supergroup ABBA playing for Andriivskyj Vechir. the embroidered shirts worn The impact of Petro Pyrih and would be a sure-fire pop hit if sung in English. The child-like They'd jammed and fooled with jeans and sneakers and the and the Holubtsi is undeniable. of ridnen'ka" is a guaranteed heart- breaker, innocence Babusiu around as musicians before, application of Ukrainian lyrics Their potential to galvanize the while the overlapping harmonies of "Of kazala meni maty" are a practising in basements, to songs like "Our generation" younger generation is obvious. delight. The bluesy quality of "Komaryk" adds a refreshing church halls, and in a farm shed. — that Petro Pyrih and the Holowatyj laments: "We've perspective to this children's tune. And CICYK's rendition of "Nich At first it was just for 'kicks,' Holubtsi elicit such a strong been subjected to a lot of tka hospody" is enough to make anyone want to fall in love. As for injecting Ukrainian words into sense of identification from criticism. Most of it un- the album's last six songs — a bit of a disappointment. They lack songs by the Beatles, the Kinks, their audience. Taken out of warranted. If we start putting the intensity and depth of interpretation which characterize AC DC and others but it soon their everyday surroundings, tryzuby through our cheeks, became clear they'd hit on a the odnostrij, the byshyvky and then they can start worrying." (Ret Sends a continued page 1 1 formula with a lot of potential the adaptations of Ukrainian Little liklihood of that.... but and appeal. When Plast provid- melodies take on a new then again... Tze ye nashe pokolinnia.

STUDENT, March 1981, page 8 How to Haivky Myroslaw Bodnaruk KOLUMN-EYKA Celebrating spring

Spring — the — beginning of the life cycle Ci ed W i,h win er The ' success o' these and rebirth of nature brings joy to all agrarian f^invocations!f then. . ! reinforced people's faith in their peoples. Among Ukrainians, it is the most religion and their committment to a dualistic honored and celebrated time of the year. The world view. spring cycle of customs and rites which in the Essentially, our pantheistic forebearers with distant past begain in early February and flattering songs to the powers of good within continued through May, is now concentrated nature and asked the good spiritstoprotectthem around Easter. Only vestiges of the old customs from all misfortune, calamities and dark forces remain, mostly in children's games and songs, ho h ,he dark ,orces also demanded and in fragmentary spring songs and dances worship,E™J i!? , the people praised them infrequentlv such as Haivky or and From the approached them in a fearful manner. More Zoshyt: haivky, one of the most ancient forms of our often than not they simply attempted to keep peoples' oral evil A. I'bo goes to a Ukrainian literature, originated even before away with the use of incantations dance concert. our ancestors developed a cohesive agricultural These old poems, haivky, can be divided into society. These ritual songs/poems were created two • Words to use in describing Ukrainian folk dance main categories with distinct features Some ensembles by the people 6 ynam '°' ex er to explain their world view and are syncromatic ' P ™ental, acrobatic, gymnastic, poems which combine songs exerting affirm their belief in spirits and the souls of their popufar" movement and pantomime, and are ancestors. The characteriz- • Ukrainian dance as Canadian as the awe inspired by the immensity of ed by diversity and deep emotional maple-leaf, beaver, Anne nature, her motifs Others Murray and Laura Secord. More powerful forces and her unpredic- are poems created not for and more Canada chooses to beauty but for magical represent itself to the table temperament, kindled in the people both joy effectiveness, employing international community throuqh perfor- formula incantations mance of Ukrainian and fear and a belief in the concept of good and with collective dances. Hopak raises dust in fiirope word-songs in combination with Phil ipmes, evil forces. Nature, as understood by our pagan rhythm, Japan, U.S.A., Australia... Africa and China soon gaming and dance designed to coniure ancestors, had a • Words not to use in describing Ukrainian folkdance soul that man could consciously "P both good and evil so that ensembles they can then be evocative, pulsing, passionate, influence and direct for his benefit. Through the utilized for transfixing, shocking, emotional' the benefitof both individuals, and the haunting, use of magic, in the form of magical incantations community. art. • Alexander Dovzhenko and rituals, our ancestors attempted to cultivate " father of Ukrainian film, and the world 18 word halvka" derives from the good and .a. It word cinema s first poet, shows Ukrainian folk drive away evil. This belief in the power hayi which means grove, dance in his film Zemlia as in ancient times Let me try to describe the scene. of nature's forces and gods was held by the these ritual songs and dances were performed in It is night, people of Ukraine a warm summer night. The moon — full, for thousands of years, from forest groves usually near a bright and stream. The forest silver. The man is wearing the very origins of Ukrainian culture to the was regarded the clothing of the 1920s Ukraine — no as an ideal setting for the ritual toik coming of Christianity. costume. He is returning home from a visit to his lover's since it was considered to house embody both good and (I remind youthisisas/fenrfilm.) Haivky are ceremonial-ritual poems/songs evil, at The moon pours down the dusty the same time that itprovided sustenance road. The man's step has a spring it. that are the main basis of the year's most in in And suddenly the man the form of animals (meatand fur), honey nuts begins to dance. I strain to imagine important holiday the music but cannot It doesn't — Velykyi-den (the Spring and fruits. Moreover, the water in the streams was matter. There is such joy and strength Equinox) — commemorating the rebirth of spring seen as the in his slow prysiady such giver of life and as a purifying agent broad, good-hearted humor. His face I and the return of summer. The as imagine it in the half dark transforming Haivky were always performed by maidens responds powers of nature to every movement with relish. All around him swirls are invoked by the people and young children of both sexes. the Dressing up in dust raised by his boots. This man would never through the use of haivky which call on light to their finest clothes make it into one of and wearing wreaths of our dance ensembles with overcome darkness, warmth to triumph over their auditions el a/ — he is no dancer Yet this man teaches me more coldness, and spring's rebirth to eclipse the death ( Hiavky page 10) about Ukrainian dance than anv concert I've seen. • The woman in Ukrainian dance has been reduced to a smiling flirtatious, colorful backdrop for male gymnastics. There are no real, mature, felling, or powerful women's roles in Ukrainian dance repertoires. But we do know that married, mature and even elderly women, danced. These dances required speed in foot movement and involved strong rhythm beat out with the heel, nazakablukakh And, in all the ethnographic literature on the vessilia (wedding) there is constant mention of women's dances with "leaping and clapping" — a ritual form of Fasola's classical review dance. Perhaps artistic directors should read texts to vesnianky, or listen to a fraction of the repertoires of the H.H. Veriovka.Cherkassy or Uanok folkchoirs — then maybe they'd have a different perspective on dance. After all. if you're doing a chorus line, then do a chorus line — otherwise' let's have the real Ukrainian women's dance. • Dance design? Unfortunately, Ukrainian dance has as yet to discover design. The graphic and symbolic are old and venerable traditions in Ukrainian art, but lamentably, art and dance don't talk to one another. I wonder how many artistic directors of dance ensembles have ever heard of Karafa-Korbut. lakotowych Dan'chenko, the Berezil' or Petryts'ki, to mention but a few Costume, set and lighting design are still another frontier for Ukrainian dance. • It is a question of passion — the dancer's passion. The dancer's ability to lose self in rhythm, motion, space and context. The choreographer's ability to visualize color pattern, expression' the ability to inform, to embroider. And the instructor, and the artistic director — what of their passion? To celebrate creation and tradition, wholly and holistically. • Whatever happened to the men's line dance? Theiarkan|belongs 20th Century Ukrainian Symphony, or even his First Lento-Allegro moito risoluto) to this category of dance. The line dance best articulates the Violin Music. Boris Symphony, a much smaller with great skill to produce a harmonious society, it is male the men's ritual. I am not referring to Lyatoshinsky: "Sonata for work?) So necessity limits the coherent whole. the ivy-league pozunets' with all its competition and "boyish Violin and Piano," op. 19 couragious to small chamber Victor Kosenko (Viktor charm." No, I'm referring to broad powerful line bonded through a works. And even the disc is lyrical shared and (1926); Victor Kosenko: when Kosenko) a more articulated secret of step sequences. It is an awesome has been ' produced, who is musician of the same period. and potent dance. Naw, we'd Two Pieces," op. 4 (1919); rather compete for the highest splits. going to buy it? Unlike Liatoshyns'kyi, who also • Saturday night and the parish hall tryshchyt. Leonid Hrabovsky: "Trio for Smalltown Yet, despite these has orchestral and operatic Saskatchewan surrounded by farms — Violin, Contrabass and a country wedding.... After obstacles, there are some brave works to hfs credit, Kosenko two hours of polkas, waltzes and some twangy rock and roll, the Piano," (1964, rev. 1975); pioneers who are determined to remained primarily a composer orchestra strikes up a kolomyi'ka. The dance goes wilder. The Yevhen Stankovych: "Trip- pave the way forthe recognition of chamber works. His, Two whole place becomes a series of concentric rings " dancing in tych 'In the Highlands' of Ukrainian accomplishments Pieces, ("Dreams" — Lento abandon. Someone tries a prysiad, but no one cares — as the (1972). Eugene Gratovich — in instrumental music. Such are cantabile and "Impromptu" — concentric rings are the essence of the event. They are recreating. I violin, Virko Baley — piano, Professor Virko Baley (Univer- Allegro assai) reveal a young hope you have the experience someday. ^ Guest Artist: Bertram sity of Nevada) and Dr. Eugene but accomplished musician Gratovich (De Paul considerable Turetzky — contrabass. University who achieves in Chicago), who collaborated effects without having to resort Attention Orion Master Recordings ( Collectors and Institutions to produce this remarkable to dynamic or tonal extremes. Inc. 79331. ORS record of 20th Century Ukrai- Side two of the record nian chamber music. In the features the work of two con- A complete set of back issues from Hraborsky work they are joined temporary composers. Leonid , All of the music reviewed in ,0 of Student by contrabass player, Professor Hrabors'kyi is one of several ?,, !2. this colum so far was recorded (1977-1981) Bertram Turetzky (University of young disciples of B. is now available for in Eastern Europe. Usually, the California at San Diego). Liatoshyns'kyi, who together the low, low price of $10. discs were also produced Just send there, The disc features a form the "Kiev avant-garde." although in rare instances us your address with a cheque or they representative sampling of the (One of the members of this may have been re-issued, under money order works of four 20th century group is Li'udmyla Dychko, to: American an label. Why have composers who have made an whose Chotyry pory roku was North American recordings of important contribution to reviewed in last month's Back Issues Student, Ukrainian art music been ig- Ukrainian art music. column. It should be noted that #206, 11751-95 nored by this reviewer? St., Simply Boris Lyatoshinsky (Borys when the article was being they are Edmonton, Alberta, because incredibly Liatoshyns'kyi) was an avant written the reviewer was un- rare. No, not in the that sense garde composer in the 1920s aware that the composer is a Canada, T5G 1M1 they are difficult to obtain — as but later, under Stalin, was woman, because of Melodiya's of fact, a matter these few discs compelled * to moderate his distressing habit of giving only Please indicate if you'd can be acquired quite be interested in readily. tastes and produce music that the initials of composers' and Under the present ordering a bound set, as we are con- conditions it would have greater popular performers' first names.) The is simply very difficult sidering placing an order with to appeal. The Sonata for Violin mo consists of three the bindery Groduce any recordings of — for several institutions. and Piano shows us the young movements; I — M.M. 48, II krainlan art instrumental composer in his original prime. 208, and III — MM.30. In this music. (How do you convince He combines the three favorite your symphony divergent movements {Allegro (Meister continued orchestra to record L. Tempo precedente, impetuoso. page 10) Revutsky's Second sostenuto tranquiilo and

Page 9: STUDENT, March 1981 —J -Mamonova— U of T -Meister- (continued from page 7) (continued from page 3) (continued from page 9)

held featuring performances of many Ukrainians would con- work Hrabovs'kyi utilizes themselves, which is especially irue for divorcees. And I some do not at all forget to defend these women and give local talent, including a string tend that their own speech is of the devices of western musi- them a chance to express themselves in the Almanach. ensemble, Classical Gas, the "literary." Deploring "snob- que concrete: slapping the quintet, Suzirya, and vocalist bism" in language, Prof. piano lid, playing on open piano Dilaloh: Is there any cooperation the trade Ola Cholkan. Burstynsky encouraged those strings, untuning the con- unions and the feminist movement? I'm referring to the Prof. Petro Bilaniukgave an present to speak Ukrainian for trabass, etc. Borisov group and the Khlebanov group. It was informal talk Thursday after- Ukrainian's sake and not for levhen Stan'kovych is also fascinating to discover that there are many women in noon on "The Role of the that of pretention. a student of Liatoshyns'kyi, but these independent trade union movements. Have any Church in Contemporary Ukrai- The cabaret, held Friday his musical inspiration is more women in these movements joined the feminist move- nian Society." Despite a strong evening, was a crowning traditional — folklore, especial- ment? critique of the Ukrainian psyche success. It featured the ly in the Triptych on this record as perceived by him, Bilaniuk dynamic vocals of Taras titled "In the Highlands." The Mamonova: Yes, undoubtedly. Although, unfortunate- had little to offer in the way of a Shipowick, the stirring chords movements are "Lullaby" — bandurist Peter of women, I do know a progressive outlook. He at- of Kosyk, and Andante con moto, "Wedding" ly I did not meet with all these tacked the present role the hilarious comedy of Mike — Allegro working woman from Moscow, and I know Lisnichenko of the assaiand "Improvisa- - who has worked in the trade union movement fora long Ukrainian Church as a Bachinsky and Wally Teres. The tion" — I 48. Although this highlight of the time — it's called SMOT — well, she had intentions of nationalist institution, lamented evening was the piece, more than any other on publishing her articles in the AlmanachBut just as she its lack of mysticism, and ad- premiere of the punk of Petro this record, reveals a folkloric Holubtsi, was preparing to send me material, she was, unfor- vocated a return to the Pyrih and the who base, it is still a very contem- tunately, searched. This was in the fall of 1978, and a lot traditional values of our succeeded in shocking some, porary composition. of material was taken from her. So she couldn't send me spiritual heritage as required by thrilling most, but captivating The album has excellent any material for the Almanach. the dictates of the Second all. A tremendous performance, detailed notes on the com- Vatiian Council. long overdue for nashe pokolin- posers — their times and their Dilaloh: Is she under arrest at the present moment? A panel discussion held nya. works — by Prof. V. Baley. For Thursday evening 12 February Ukrainian Week ended with anyone who is interested in an centered on the topic of Ukrai- a zabava Saturday night 14 unusual (to the conventional Mamonova: No doubt she is in danger of being nian youth organizations and February. Introducing Edmon- listener) aspect of contem- arrested — anyone who is searched risks being their success in serving the ton's sensational "Dumka" to porary Ukrainian musical arrested sooner or later. It's true that she is not in hiding needs and aspirations of the east, the zabava provided is although there are many women who are forced to go culture, this disc a must. We today's Ukrainian Canadian the perfect climax to a all owe a debt of gratitude to the into hiding and not come home, but as far as I know she youth. Panelists from SUM, successful week-long producers of this does not hide away. album which SUMK, Plast, ODUM, UCY and programme of exciting and will certainly round out every the UNYF were represented enlightening activity. listener's understanding — if Oilaloh: Now, / would like to ask you a bit about history. defending their respective not appreciation — of You mentioned that when the first issue of the modern organizations against the Ukrainian music. Almanach was published, feminists from France visited onslaughts of a panel of you in Leningrad. How was it that you came to meet questioners and audience par- -Studies- these people? You did not get your feminist views from ticipants. It appears that the the Department of Slavic the West, true? Then how did you come to hold feminist Mythology, and by modifying views? Ukrainian community is bless- Studies. The first of these is an the literature programme. ed with six open-minded, extensive public relations ef- The declining enrolment in forward-looking, in-tune fort. As Professor Jaroslav Ukranian studies will have far Mamonova: How did I get feminist views? Well, as I've organizations for our youth that Rozymnyj, department head, reaching effects said before, I was born a feminist, and, the whole on the Ukrai- are "non-sexist" (despite the put it, "We discovered that the nian academic in atmosphere in which l lived contributed to this process community segregation of youth according general public knows very little the next decade orso. The of development and so when I first met with feminists in age to sex within most of them), of Leningrad shortly after the appearance of the first issue or hardly anything about the tenured acada^Jfe currently of the "non-exclusivist" (despite the university ana individual teaching Ukrainrl^studies is Almanach, and then when I met with the French prerequisite of the feminists, it Ukrainian departments. During the such that approximately 75 was a very festive occasion for me. I was language in half of them), very excited and discovered very many interesting summer months this percent will retire in the next 5 ideas. unhampered by a parent body department's office is mainly to 10 years. Their retirement (despite the presence of an concerned with advertising our comes at a time when enrol- older faction of participating programmes, and particularly, ment in Ukrainian studies is individuals in all of them), and our off-campus courses... expected to be at a low point. If extremely progressive, ready These days the university this occurs, enrolment numbers and willing to meet, combat and Haivky must... step down from its will not merit their replacement, triumph the — over challenges of throne and go to the public. and it is quite conceivable that a the present day. Certainly the Learning of languages (continued from page 9 today is score or so of academic rhetoric is improving. But in quite popular... There is a good positions in Ukrainian studies flowers on their heads, celebrants would, with terms of concrete and tangible market but salesmen have to go will be lost. This loss comes at a joined hands, sing and weave their way to where changes within the organiza- to these markets and do their time when the number of the rituals were to take place. As there were many tion, few had much to day. homework." graduate students in Ukrainian Friday 13 different songs, games and dances, each perfor- February saw a Secondly, introductory off- studies is the highest it has ever seminar Professor mance of haivky varied. This important ritual was by Ed campus language courses were been. In the next two to four Burstynsky of the of celebrated on two major occasions, the first U T introduced to tap a market — years approximately a score of Linguistics being the Calling of Spring, and then during a Department, en- the general public — that would Ph.Ds in Ukrainian studies will titled "A Sensible Approach to two-week period beginning on Vetykyi-den. otherwise not register on cam- come on the market. If univer- Ukrainian Dialects — As this summary of haivky is very brief and pus., Thirdly, full-year courses sities are unable to utilize the Everything does not really do justice to this rich aspect of our You Always Wanted were transformed into half-year services of these highly Ukrainian folk to Know about the Ukrainian courses. Finally, heritage, may I recommend that the qualified young people, the interested Language but were Afraid to readers have a look at Volume II of programme in, Ukrainian calibre of teaching and Professor Ask." Professor Burstynsky's Stefan Kylymnyk's comprehensive studies was revamped to suit research will suffer as a result. It basic message was that there study Ukramskyi Rik u Narodnukh Zuychaiakh is current interests by introducing is projected that in about 15 no such thing as literary Ukrai- (Winnipeg, 199). That entire volume is devoted to courses such as Ukrainian Rites years there will be a substantial nian, haivky and should be an indication of the depth in spite of the fact that and Rituals and Ukrainian increase in demand for and complexity of this area of Ukrainian folk academic staff since, by that custom. time, the children of the baby- boom generation will have reached university age. It is therefore essential that in the next period the research func- tion in Ukrainian studies be OREST P. It takes more than S. MULKA. CLU expanded in order to avoid the loss of one generation of *. DiLLM ROUND TlKJ scholars, and that Ukrainian studies course enrolment be theory to start Royal Bank maintained in order to ensure ' 3MONTON. AlJIftA that the generation of TBJ 1X7 academics about to retire will Ntw Yon* ufe Insurance Co. a practice. not be the last generation in Ukrainian studies in Canada. 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STUDENT, March 1981, page 10 —)

-SUSK- -Letters- (continued from page 3) (continued from page 2) Lysack forecasts the there would no longer be a resignation came up on death of the program the to prepare on the January in Saska- cultural environment within agenda most of the We would like to comment toon within delegates events; and although most of the near future, Canada to help support and had resolved on the cartoon on the cover of citing their differences the people involved responded widespread apathy develop it. and there the January - February issue of really wasn't much to with constructive among Ukrainians in the The remainder of the criticisms in Student. The cartoon conveys con- talk about. I guess most of the written statements, province as the main reason for ference was devoted to M. Maryn the impression that there SUSK heavy stuff was handled in the was its decline. Others oppose the business chose not to offer any com- personal malice and future directions. backrooms where the major between SUSK program because they After ment. President are con- spending some time dis- actors came to terms with Mykhailo Maryn and cerned that each We remain disappointed children will not cussing plans for the upcoming other." the artist, John Stanko, or that with the failure ofM. Maryn and become "property" socialized if SUSK Congress in Toronto, the the artistic value of the poster Many of the delegates the exposed to bilingual National Executive to was in schooling. conference heard reports from agreed that the question. We would like Saskatoon provide a fuller explanation to Andrij Makuch, a veteran of members of the local clubs and Western to state that such was not the Conference had been the SUSK membership of the promotional campaigns in sup- from members of the SUSK the most case. At no time was there any productive in this resolution of port of bilingual in Executive. this affair. More antagonism between education academic year. Although no these two Edmonton, described specifically, we are still waiting individuals nor were some of Two members of the Ex- concrete proposals or the artistic his experiences for a policy statement on how merits — through ecutive formally submitted their resolutions were proposed, of the poster an issue. As the the executive is interpreting the involvement with the such, the cartoon is program resignations at the conference sessions did serve to educate mis- in Alberta. Outlining quorum clause in the SUSK representative the history — Wasyl Bilinsky, Vice Presi- students and provide an oppor- and does not and development constitution, and for a clear contribute to of bilingual dent East (Laurentians) and tunity for people to meet and a greater un- education in indication that democratic ma- derstanding Alberta, Makuch Daria Markevych, Executive discuss issues of common con- of this matter. excellently jority decisions will be summarized some Co-ordinator. fn a letter sub- cern. SUSK President Sincerely, Mykhailo respected in future disputes. — of the major issues which it mitted to the Dana Boyko conference, Maryn commented, "The con- eds.] faces as it is extended Bilinsky Sonia Maryn beyond cited other com- ference was successful in the elementary level into the mitments which prevented him reaching its John Stanko objectives and I junior and senior Toronto, Ontario. high school from fulfilling his role as a think we handled some very levels. Makuch stated that representative of eastern SUSK controversial "although issues. Through some minor clubs on the National Ex- the various sessions, we came problems still have to be ironed ecutive. Markevych's resigna- to realize that the Ukrainian out, the program is on a sure tion was based on her inability community is behind the rest of footing for now." to serve as an effective Ex- Canadian society and that we The situation in Manitoba ecutive Co-ordinatorin Edmon- have to start changing things." also appears promising, accor- ton while the core of the While some of SUSK's ding to University of Manitoba National Executive is in Toronto. eastern clubs were well- —Ret Sends Ya USC president Taras There was no indication that represented at the Saskatoon Maluzhynsky. The dramatic either resignation was related to conference, sparse attendance (continued from page 8) growth in enrolment in Ukrai- Mykhailo Maryn's resignation by the members of the host club nian English CICYK's programs in Win- as president last January. and a lack of representation true abilities. Nice, but nothing new or special nipeg public schools On the since their Time was also allotted to from its sister club in Regina left production end, KVITKA is nearly flawless. Hiring introduction in 1977 has been a discuss the recent resignation SUSK Executive members studio musicians for the project was likely an expensive proposi- marked contrast to the slow and return of Mykhailo Maryn to scratching their heads. As one tion but well worth the cost. In strong clear arrangements they growth in Alberta and the the SUSK presidency. Serious Western Canada delegate provide a mellow backdropto CICYK'ssterling performance And a pathetic tastefully designed fold-out response in confrontation was avoided dur- bluntly stated, "I think that album jacked enhances an already- sold package. Saskatchewan. The discussion ing this session largely due to some people don't see the followed In sum, a superb effort. which Maluzhynsky's the informal discussions and relevance of SUSK as an (um- KVITKA C1CYK shows there are still presentation directions to be explored in the focused on some politicking that had gone on brella) organization in the realm of stylized Ukrainian folk music, possible explanations for the outside the conference West." and she does it with style and class. Listening to this album leads one to imagine what different responses in each of sessions. When asked how the The last in the series of CICYK could do with a repetoir of the three original material. Who knows, prairie provinces. Maryn affair was handled at the SUSK regional conferences will maybe next time? Meanwhile, putKVITKA on the turntable, then A critical overview of the conference, one delegate be held in Ottawa, scheduled relax and enjoy... on the RET SENDS YA 4 contemporary Ukrainian music stated: "Maryn might have gone for the weekend of June 5-7. STAR RATING SCALE:::: KVITKA scores NEXT ISSUE::: Difficult to scene, tracing the emergence of out of his way to "mend his The conference will be hosted make promises but more likely than not, RET SENDS YA faces off against the pop-rock sound from its fences' — to a certain extent he by the Ukrainian Students' RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME origins in the late 1960s to date, was successful; but some peo- Federation of Ottawa and will was presented by Daria ple are still very cynical about be the final meeting before the Markevych. She argued- that the resignation." 22nd SUSK Congress in while the Rushnychok -style Another delegate argued August. sound was a progressive that "by the time Maryn's development when it first appeared ten years ago, it has since been imitated to death and there is a crying need for new, creative directive in Ukrai-

W. K. BROEN, b. . nian music. She cited Taras Comm c CHARTEREO ACCOUNTANT Shipowick's recent album as a good example of the kind of experimental avant-garde Central Web Offset Ltd. music which should be attempted by other musicians. \ Ukrainian-Canadian culture today is more a ritualiz- Newspaper, Flyer, and Commercial Printers ed repetition of existing cultural forms than a dynamic, creative Phone 452-5913 14829 - 123 Ave. vehicle for the expression of TOM CASTON Edmonton, culture, according to David Alberta Lupul. In a presentation on the state of Ukrainian -Canadian culture, Lupul claimed that Let's Sing Out most cultural presentations — whether of dance, music or art — lack the essential elements of creativity and professionalism 535-2135 required to break into the 535-2136 In Ukrainian cultural mainstream of Cana- dian society. Much of Ukrainian culture in Canada is still part of the "Sunday afternoon Ukrai- I I , :/lGE\CY Best-selling nian concert syndrome" which ^^ attracts audiences on the basis PLANE - STEAMSHIP - BUS - RAIL TOURS of a sense of patriotism rather CRUISES - HOTEL ACCOMMODATION Ukrainian Songbook than its intrinsic merit. Ukrainian-Canadian 1190 Bloor Street culture could break out ; of this West IHOR KURYLIW \ Over 100 of the most popular Ukrainian mold if performers and-groups Toronto. Ont. M6H 1N2 were prepared to compete on songs (with notes and English translation) the same level as Canadian * Handy pocket book size cultural groups such as the Royal Winnipeg Ballet, for ex- ( take it along on trips, to parties, to the beach ample, and if they were prepared to take a more socially-responsible role in co- Astro Travel Service \ Available at your local Ukrainian bookstore operating with and helping in *5 or the development of Ukrainian - w Canadian life in other than just Order direct from the Publishers: the cultural sphere. However, COMPLETE TRAVEL SERVICE most groups remain dependent CANUK PUBLICATIONS upon the Ukrainian -Canadian Penryn Court • Specializing in Ukraine/Eastern Europe 443 community for an audience, but • Group and Individual Travel Saskatoon, Saskatchewan are insensitive to the fact that • Visas, Invitations, Passport Photos this organized community is S7M SG8 steadily shrinking, if the t0854 - 97 STREET organized community should EDMONTON, ALBERTA collapse, the central reison Send $3.00 for the songbook and 50 for handling and TEL. (403) 423-2351 d'etre of Ukrainian- Canadian shipping (Discounts on volume purchases). culture would disappear, as

Page 11: STUDENT, March 1981 Return Requested Canada PotlM I* Port Canada Student Second Deuxieme #206, 11751 - 95 Street class classe Edmonton, Alberta 4883 Canada T5G 1M1 EDMONTON

VESNA '81 The World's Largest Ukrainian Cabaret

May 7, 8, 9 Saskatoon, Saskatchewan

featured guest artists this J*eaj\

"Toronto's Taras Shipowick and Ola Cholkan, vocalists and caberet performers. * The Veselka Orchestra from Montre * And Edmonton's Bohdan Zajcew as * Master of Ceremonies.

Also featuring Saskatoon's top entertainers:

John Kolynchuk and the Continental Ensemble; the Pavlychenko Dancers; the Yaseny Orchestra; the Yevshan Dancers; the Vesna Chorus and Bandura Ensemble; the Troianda Trio of vocalists and bandur Lesia Maruschakontsymbalyand Bob Harbus on accprdian; and, of course, the Bayda Kozaks for frolicking fun and merriment.

Cultural exhibits this year will include displays by the popular New York painter, Yaroslava Surmach Mills and the Winnipeg weaver Carole Romanyk

For Tickets write: Vesna Festival Tickets Thursday: 2713 Preston Avenue, $6.00 Friday: $9.00 Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Saturday: S7J 2G7 $12.00 or phone 373-2022