DOCSLIB.ORG

Cartography of Risks and Vulnerability in Union of Comoros

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cartography of Risks and Vulnerability in Union of Comoros CARTOGRAPHY OF RISKS AND VULNÉRABILITY IN UNION OF COMOROS Djanfar MADJIDI National Disasters Management Organization Union of Comoros Contact: [email protected] Seychelles, 23th september 2016 HISTORICAL • Introduction • Like other countries of the world, The Union of Comoros had living a long history of great disasters and accidents which resulted lost of life and materiel damages. • The disasters are manifesting mainly by: • - Cyclones/ Tropical tempests; • - Rainstorms that bring floods, and landslide; • - Water sea mouvements; • - Fire(urban areas and forests); • - Epidemic deases; • - Air and maritim accidents; • - Social conflicts; • - Polotical crises… • The Comoros live also with higher level of piracy,tsunami…etc. HUMANITARIAN CONSÉQUENCES FOR APRIL 2012 FLOODS • 10 % of the population are directly affected ; • 1,618 personnes are displaced ; • 23.036 studants without scools ; • Upgrad of vulnerability for weak population; • HUMANITARIAN CONSÉQUENCES FOR APRIL 2012 FLOODS • Deficiency of potable water • Limited access for health treatement; • Upgrad hydric deases and epidemic risk; • Alimentary insécurity risk ; • Malnutrition on pregnant women and children; CONSEQUENCES IN INFRASTRUCTURES, • Pumping water station and adduction systèm are affected; CONSEQUENCES IN INFRASTRUCTURES, 22 km of road and bridges to build; LANDSLIDE AFFECTED THE ROAD CONSEQUENCES IN INFRASTRUCTURES, • 54 affected schools; • 567 habitations are affected and 118 completly distroyed; • 32% affected hospitals and the main equipments; CONSEQUENCES IN AGRICULTURE AND FARMER ANIMALS • Many animals died and Agriculture lands damaged. CYCLONES HISTORICAL IN UNION OF COMOROS Years évents The most important of tropic cyclones recorded in Comoros. 524 death and 75 1950 000 coconut palms uprooted. Catastrophic statement of accounts on Anjouan and Moheli Tropic cyclone on Grande Comore et particularly on the north of the island. Wrecking 1959 of «NDJEMA » at Moroni port, The captain was dead. Cyclone ELINAH Anjouan à 11:00, January 11th,patrol boat drifting and many curious personnes are precipitating portward in Mutsamudu; 3 continuous waves from 23 to 25 elevation mèters are sweepping them; 3 deaths, 9 surviving personnes and 30 vanished personnes, 52 wounded personnes, 5 000 personnes are affected, 805 houses and 1983 buildings are affected. On the districts of MOYA, KONI, JIMILIME and POMONI 60% of huts are broken. In Mutsamudu, some old buildings are falled. Road SIMA – POMONI completly damaging; CYCLONES HISTORICAL IN UNION OF COMOROS •1994 Cyclone NADIA, wrecking of ZAZAKELI 2 1996 Tempst DOLORESSE, rainstorms, landslide, wrecking of NIATI SWAFA 67 deaths in Moheli. 1998 Rainstorms (163 mm in 24 hr), landslide 1999 Rainstorms , Cholera Dec. 2002 Strong storms ( intertropical convergence area ) crash LET UVP 9X‐RRB faisant 2 deads and 15 blessés wounded personnes Avr. 2003 Forte précipitations with an air of storm on the Comorian archipelago , Jan. 2004 Tropical tempest ELITA Mar. 2004 Tropical cyclone GAFILO, SAMSON wrecking . CYCLONES HISTORICAL IN UNION OF COMOROS Jan.2005 Moderate tropical tempest ERNEST Feb.2006 Moderate tropical tempest BOLOETSA Déc.2006 Tropical cyclone BONDO Mar.2006 Tropical tempest DIWA Mai 2006 Episode rainy‐ floods BAMBAO Apr.2009 Tropical tempest JADE and episode rainy VULNÉRABILITY IN COMOROS Based essentielly on: - Lack of Knowledge; ‐ Delicate economy; ‐ Preventive measurment on risk are not realy integrated in decision maker; PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY Insular context : ‐ Islands serounding by water; • ‐ Strong exposition to the météorological hazardousness • ‐ Tropical perturbation; Geographic context • Relief : mountainous – coastwise plain; • Population mainly concentrated on the coast areas; •• Absence of permanent watercourses on Grande • Comore island; • Volcanic island : working volcano, KARTHALA on the island of Grande Comoros ( The one that has the bigest carter in the word). HUMAN VULNERABILITY Density and concentration of the population •–IN GRANDE COMORE ISLAND : •• 360 hab/km² ; •• Great concentration of population in Moroni and adjacents towns ; •–IN ANJOUAN ISLAND: •• Implantation of villages on the hills; •• 575 hab / km² ; • ‐ 600 to 800 hab/km² in the district of Nyumakelé (south of Anjouan) •–IN MOHÉLI ISLAND : • ‐ 123,3 hab/km² • The population is mostly concentrated in Fomboni (the main city of the island); • Majority of the population is rural (64 %) MATERIAL VULNERABILITY • roads : • Roads grid deteriorated; • Not much disengagement routes; Îsland Superficies Perfect roads Praticable roads Grande Comore 1024 Km2 289 Km 131,5 Km Anjouan 424 Km2 180 Km 63 Km Moheli 211 Km2 84 Km 14 Km SOCIO‐ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY • Port infrastructures : •–Each island has a port; •–The International one is located in Anjouan island. • Airoports infrastructures : • – Each island has an airport; • - The international one is located in Moroni. • Terrestrial transport mediums: • – Individual transport : few homes have a personal vehicle (5 % on average in the archipelago) • – Public transport : taxis and bus. ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY • Natural spaces protected : •–Grande Comoros Island: Forest of Karthala, ecological niche of coelacanthe; •–Anjouan Island: Mount Tringui, peninsula of Bimbini, lake of Dzialandzé; •–Mohéli : Marine park and Boudouni lake. • Weak ecosystèms : mangroves and coral reefs ON GOING • National data base; • Cartographic of the vulnerable areas; • Disposition taken to react in real time; • Sensibilsation and motivation of the population; • Training for prevention goal; • Bring every body togather includ the administration institutions. INSTITUTIONAL • Creation of: • - General Direction of Civilian Security (DGSC); main known us secure operation and civilian protection center (COSEP), • Comorian Coast Guard » • Centers of surveillence: • OVK • Météo services • Healthy information center • Maritime and fishing control center • Promotion of clusters concept in state structures; OMISSIONS • ‐ Lack of qualified people; •–Non appropriation of emergency plan; •–Non attendance of a simulation exercice ; •–Non attendance of a emergency substance ; •-Limited knowledge in the emergency treatments; •• victims pick‐up care; •• Difficulties to mobilise means for rebulding. CONCLUSION Finally, I would solicit from the institutions present here, a strong support for the Union of Comoros are the same level as other countries in the Indian Ocean and in the region, in terms of risk management and disaster through training, equipment and simulation exercises. THANK YOU [email protected].
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comoros 2018 Human Rights Report
    COMOROS 2018 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Union of the Comoros is a constitutional, multiparty republic. The country consists of three islands--Grande Comore (also called Ngazidja), Anjouan (Ndzuani), and Moheli (Mwali)--and claims a fourth, Mayotte (Maore), that France administers. In 2015 successful legislative elections were held. In April 2016 voters elected Azali Assoumani as president of the union, as well as governors for each of the three islands. Despite a third round of voting on Anjouan--because of ballot-box thefts--Arab League, African Union, and EU observer missions considered the elections generally free and fair. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. On July 30, Comorians passed a referendum on a new constitution, which modified the rotating presidency, abolished the islands’ vice presidents, and significantly reduced the size and authority of the islands’ governorates. On August 6, the Supreme Court declared the referendum free and fair, although the opposition, which had called for a boycott of the referendum, rejected the results and accused the government of ballot-box stuffing. Human rights issues included torture; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; political prisoners; use of excessive force against detainees; restrictions on freedom of movement; corruption; criminalization of same-sex sexual conduct, trafficking in persons, and ineffective enforcement of laws protecting workers’ rights. Impunity for violations of human rights was widespread. Although the government discouraged officials from committing human rights violations and sometimes arrested or dismissed officials implicated in such violations, they were rarely tried. Section 1. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including Freedom from: a.
    [Show full text]
  • Comoros Mission Notes
    Peacekeeping_4.qxd 1/14/07 2:29 PM Page 109 4.5 Comoros The 2006 elections in the Union of the support for a solution that preserves the coun- Comoros marked an important milestone in the try’s unity. After Anjouan separatists rejected peace process on the troubled archipelago. New an initial deal in 1999, the OAU, under South union president Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed African leadership, threatened sanctions and Sambi won 58 percent of the vote in elections, military action if the island continued to pur- described by the African Union as free and fair, sue secession. All parties eventually acceded and took over on 27 May 2006, in the islands’ to the 2001 Fomboni Accords, which provided first peaceful leadership transition since 1975. for a referendum on a new constitution in The AU Mission for Support to the Elections in advance of national elections. the Comoros (AMISEC), a short-term mission The core of the current deal is a federated devoted to the peaceful conduct of the elections, structure, giving each island substantial auton- withdrew from Comoros at the end of May, hav- omy and a turn at the presidency of the union, ing been declared a success by the AU and the which rotates every four years. Presidential Comorian government. The Comoros comprises three islands: Grande Comore (including the capital, Moroni), Anjouan, and Moheli. Following independ- ence from France in 1975, the country experi- enced some twenty coups in its first twenty- five years; meanwhile, Comoros slid ever deeper into poverty, and efforts at administra- tive centralization met with hostility, fueling calls for secession and/or a return to French rule in Anjouan and Moheli.
    [Show full text]
  • Comoro Archipelago
    GROUP STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY RHYTHM IN LEMUR MONGOZ (PRIMATES, LEMURIFORMES) ON ANJOUAN AND MOHELI ISLANDS, COMORO ARCHIPELAGO IAN TATTERSALL VOLUME 53: PART 4 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW YORK :1976 4 .4.4.4.4 .4.4 4.4.4 .4.4 4.4 - . ..4 ..4.4.4 o -Q ¼' 11 I, -_7 Tf., GROUP STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY RHYTHM IN LEMUR MONGOZ (PRIMATES, LEMURIFORMES) ON ANJOUAN AND MOHELI ISLANDS, COMORO ARCHIPELAGO IAN TATTERSALL Associate Curator, Department ofAnthropology TheAmerncan Museum ofNatural History VOLUME 53: PART 4 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW YORK: 1976 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 53, Part 4, pages 367-380, figures 1-6, tables 1, 2 Issued December 30, 1976 Price. $1.1 5 ISSN 0065-9452 This Part completes Volume 53. Copyright i The American Museum of Natural History 1976 ABSTRACT A previous study in Madagascar revealed the day. This difference appears to be environ- Lemur mongoz to be nocturnal and to exhibit mentally linked. Further, on Anjouan L. mongoz pair-bonding. Subsequent work in the Comoro Is- exhibits pair-bonding and the formation of lands has shown that, whereas in the warm, "family" groups, but on Moheli there is variation seasonal lowland areas of Moheli and Anjouan L. in group structure. It is possible that group com- mongoz is likewise nocturnal, in the humid high- position of L. mongoz on Moheli undergoes lands of Anjouan these animals are active during seasonal change. RItSUMI! Une premiere etude de Lemur mongoz de jour.
    [Show full text]
  • Unique Aspects of the Vanilla Market MARKET + OUTLOOK MARKET + OUTLOOK
    MARKET MARKET OUTLOOK OUTLOOK Unique Aspects of the Vanilla Market MARKET + OUTLOOK MARKET + OUTLOOK + Daniel Aviles Commodity Information Analyst McKeany-Flavell Commodities. Ingredients. Intelligence. McKeany-Flavell © 2018 McKeany-Flavell Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Commodities. Ingredients. Intelligence. Distribution is prohibited without written permission from McKeany-Flavell. McKeany-Flavell Unique Aspects of the Vanilla Market Commodities. Ingredients. Intelligence. Unique Aspects of the Vanilla Market “Money is the best fertilizer” and “the cure for high prices is high prices” may sound like commodity clichés, but they are not mere truisms. Every market will eventually return to these rules, a lesson we advise our clients to remember. Yet there is always an exception: For vanilla, it often seems that the rules are reversed, and price shifts have counterintuitive effects. This ingredient is a challenge for all players, from growers through processors to end users, but understanding vanilla’s supply cycle and pricing dynamics may at least partially demystify this market. What sets the vanilla market apart: + Difficulty: Cultivation is extremely labor Vanilla fruit, pod, or bean with closeup of seeds intensive, and a high degree of expertise is needed to grow the plants and process the pods (beans). + Vulnerability: Production is significantly What Is Vanilla? concentrated in one origin, Madagascar, which has in the past crowded out A quick introduction: Vanilla is a flavor made from the pod-like competing origins. The natural food trend fruit of some members of the vanilla genus of the orchid family, has now made demand less elastic, and pricing may follow suit. the only orchid that yields an edible fruit commercially cultivated for food use; vanilla fruit is widely referred to as a “bean,” a + Price pressures: Early harvest is commercially viable and is encouraged convention that we follow here.
    [Show full text]
  • 4-Comoros-Report.Pdf
    - 1 - REPORT ON THE STATUS OF HYDROGRAPHY AND AtoNs IN THE UNION OF COMOROS (24 AUGUST 2011) TABLE OF CONTENTS I SAIHC questionnaire 3 II World Bank Questionnaire 14 Annex 1 Programme of visits A 1 - 1 Annex 2 IHO Year Book Comoros entry A 2 - 1 Annex 3 The Comoran Hydrographic & Oceanographic Centre A 3 - 1 Annex 4 Comoros’ prioritised Survey & Charting Scheme A 4 - 1 Annex 5 Comoros’ AtoN Status A 5 - 1 - 2 - This page is left intentionally blank - 3 - I SAIHC QUESTIONNAIRE N° Questions Answers 1 RHC Involvement. Comoros is not an IHO member state, but participates since Note whether the country is an IHO 2009 to SAIHC conferences and similar events, provided that member, and/or a member of the RHC. there is donors’ support, (Norway, WIOMHP, etc.) Note whether it was represented at the Comoros intends for the first time to produce a national report most recent Regional Conference, and to the 8th SAIHC meeting. whether a National Report was available to the RHC Study Team. Since Mr Said Anfane’s appointment, a closer relation has Where none of these apply, note whether been established with the SAIHC, WIOMHP, IOC and there is any routine liaison with the HO SHOM. of a RHC or IHO member nation. 2 Preliminary Liaison. The visit was made possible, thanks to the support of the SAIHC Chairman. Preliminary contacts were established Record any local assistance with co- between the experts and Mr Said Anfane who established a ordination of the visit. detailed programme of visit (in French – Annex 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Comoros: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA)
    CCoommoorrooss:: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) Conducted in January – February 2006 Strengthening Emergency Needs Assessment Capacity (SENAC) 2 Comoros: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) Prepared by Tango International March, 2006 © World Food Programme, Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping Branch (ODAV) This study was prepared under the umbrella of the “Strengthening Emergency Needs Assessment Capacity” (SENAC) project. The SENAC project aims to reinforce WFP’s capacity to assess humanitarian needs in the food sector during emergencies and the immediate aftermath through accurate and impartial needs assessments. For any queries on this document or the SENAC project, please contact [email protected] or Krystyna Bednarska, Country Director Madagascar: [email protected] Eric Kenefick Regional VAM Officer Johannesburg: [email protected] For information on the VAM unit, please visit us at http://vam.wfp.org/ United Nations World Food Programme Headquarters: Via C.G. Viola 68, Parco de’ Medici, 00148, Rome, Italy This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. 3 4 Comoros: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) Conducted January-February 2006 5 6 Acknowledgements The authors of this report would like to thank the United Nations-Comoros staff in Moroni for their assistance and support throughout the mission. Particular appreciation is due to Ms. Guiseppina Mazza, the UNDP Resident Representative, who assured our logistic and material support. In addition, we would like to acknowledge the efforts of the UN staff on Anjouan (Houmadi Abdallah) and on Mohéli (Nafion Mohammed).
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    2017 Public Disclosure Authorized South West Indian Ocean Public Disclosure Authorized Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative (SWIO-RAFI) SUMMARY REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2017 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org All rights reserved This publication is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433.
    [Show full text]
  • KASHKA 60.Qxd
    www.kashkazi.com 600 fc / 3,50 euros kashkazi numéro 60 - février 2007 les vents n’ont pas de frontière, l’information non plus notre dossier Depuis des décennies, le Nyumakele est le symbole de la pauvreté aux Comores. Le plateau nyumakele anjouanais, au coeur de la problématique foncière, fournit l’essentiel des migrants de l’archipel. la poudrière L’explosion est-elle inévitable ? de l’archipel enquête à ndzuani ça s’passe comme ça, à “bacar-land” une île de plus en plus verrouillée l’action trouble des réseaux la liberté de la presse menacée ÉCONOMIE Qui sont les investisseurs arabes TENSIONS POLICIÈRES Les raisons de l’escalade à Maore POLITIQUE Oili : “Le statut de DOM est un échec” maore la “guerre des sexes” Andil Saïd, un habitant est déclarée de Sandapoini (LG) Ndzuani, Ngazidja, Mwali : 600 fc / Maore : 3,50 euros / Réunion, France : 4,50 euros / Madagascar : 2.500 ariary kashkazi Participez à l’indépendance de votre journal ABONNEZ-VOUS L’abonnement est un soutien indispensable à la presse indépendante. Kashkazi est un journal totalement indépendant. Son financement dépend essentiellement de ses ventes. L’abonnement est le meilleur moyen pour le soutenir, et participer à l’indépendance de sa rédaction. C’est aussi l’assurance de le recevoir chaque premier jeudi du mois chez soi. LES TARIFS (pour 1 an, 12 numéros) Mwali, Ndzuani, Ngazidja / particuliers : 8.000 fc / administrations, entreprises : 12.000 fc Maore / particuliers : 40 euros / administrations, entreprises : 60 euros COMMENT S’ABONNER (+ de renseignements au 76 17 97 -Moroni- ou au 02 69 21 93 39 -Maore-) Mwali, Ndzuani, Ngazidja / envoyez vos nom, prénom, adresse et n° de téléphone + le paiement à l’ordre de BANGWE PRODUCTION à l’adresse suivante : KASHKAZI, BP 5311 Moroni, Union des Comores Maore, La Réunion / envoyez nom, prénom, adresse et n° de téléphone + le paiement à l’ordre de RÉMI CARAYOL à l’adresse suivante : Nicole Gellot, BP 366, 97615 Pamandzi 2 kashkazi 60 février 2007 EN PRÉAMBULE sommaire (60) Ça s’passe comme ça, 4 ENTRE NOUS LE JOURNAL DES LECTEURS DES NOUVELLES DE..
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Damage and Spill-Overs from a Tropical Cyclone 2 Manfred Lenzen1, Arunima Malik1,2, Steven Kenway3, Peter Daniels4, Ka Leung Lam3, Arne Geschke1
    1 Economic damage and spill-overs from a tropical cyclone 2 Manfred Lenzen1, Arunima Malik1,2, Steven Kenway3, Peter Daniels4, Ka Leung Lam3, Arne Geschke1 3 1ISA, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. 4 2Discipline of Accounting, The University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. 5 3School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia. 6 4School of Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4222, Australia. 7 Correspondence to: Arunima Malik ([email protected]) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 29 Abstract – Tropical cyclones cause widespread damage in specific regions as a result of high winds, and flooding. Direct 30 impacts on commercial property and infrastructure can lead to production shortfalls. Further losses can occur if business 31 continuity is lost through disrupted supply of intermediate inputs from, or distribution to, other businesses. Given that 32 producers in modern economies are strongly interconnected, initially localised production shortfalls can ripple through 33 entire supply-chain networks and severely affect regional and wider national economies. In this paper, we use a 34 comprehensive, highly disaggregated, and recent multi-region input-output framework to analyse the negative impacts of 35 Tropical Cyclone Debbie which battered the north-eastern Australian coast in March 2017. In particular, we show how 36 industries and regions that were not directly affected by storm and flood damage suffered significant job and income losses. 37 Our results indicate that the disaster resulted in the direct loss of about 4802 full-time equivalent jobs and AU$ 1544 million 38 of value added, and an additional indirect loss of 3685 jobs and AU$ 659 million of value added.
    [Show full text]
  • Dian053-2011.Pdf
    ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE CONSTITUTION DU 4 OCTOBRE 1958 TREIZIÈME LÉGISLATURE _____________________________________________________ R A P P O R T D’ I N F O R M A T I O N Présenté à la suite de la mission effectuée en du 2 au 11 octobre 2010 par une délégation du (1) GROUPE D’AMITIÉ FRANCE- UNION DES COMORES _____________________________________________________ (1) Cette délégation était composée de M. Daniel Goldberg, Président, MM. Loïc Bouvard et Bernard Lesterlin. – 3 – SOMMAIRE CARTE...........................................................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................7 I. PRESENTATION DES COMORES.................................................................11 A. LES COMORES EN CHIFFRES ................................................................................11 B. REPERES GEOGRAPHIQUES ..................................................................................12 1. Situation........................................................................................................12 2. Le climat .......................................................................................................13 3. Les îles ..........................................................................................................13 a. Ngazidja............................................................................................................. 13 b. Anjouan ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Madagascar: Cyclone Enawo Overview
    Madagascar: Cyclone Enawo Situation Report: No. 1 March 9, 2017 This report is issued by the Bureau National de Gestion des Risque et des Catastrophes (BNGRC) and the Humanitarian Country Team in Madagascar. It covers the period from 7 to 8 March 2017. Cyclone Enawo is wreaking havoc across Madagascar: towns and cities flooded; houses, schools, hospitals and critical infrastructure destroyed; and thousands of people displaced. Power outages are widespread in affected areas. More than 760,000 people in nine regions are expected to be directly affected by the strongest cyclone to strike the island nation in 13 years. Conditions are comparable to Cyclone Gafilo in 2004, which left 250,000 Malagasies displaced and 100,000 homes damaged in its wake. Another recent major tropical storm, Cyclone Ivan, affected more than half a million people and displaced nearly 200,000 in 2008. According to the national meteorological authority, threat levels remain highest (Red Alert) in the following regions: Diana, Sofia, Savan Analanjirofo, Atsinanana, Alaotra Mangoro, Boeny, Betsinoka, and Ny Faritanin’ Antananarivo. Madagascar also suffers from severe and chronic drought, particularly in the south of country. More than 850,000 people are severely food insecure. Overview Intense Tropical Cyclone Enawo struck northeastern Madagascar on the morning of March 7, travelling at two to three hundred kilometers per hour. On March 8, Enawo weakened from an “intense” to a “moderate” tropical storm, with an average speed of 80km/hour with peaks of 112km/hour. As Enawo moves further inland, the Government’s disaster management agency (BNGRC), the United Nations and NGOs are evacuating affected populations, passing on life-saving information to affected communities and responding to growing humanitarian needs.
    [Show full text]
  • MOHAMED FAHAR EDDINE MONDY GEO N° 33
    UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO FACULTE DEDESSSS LETTRES ET SCIENCES HUMAINES DEPARTEMENT GEOGRAPHIE o0o LES COMORIENS DE MAJUNGA A L’HEURE ACTUELLE : ESSAI D’APPROCHE GEOPOLITIQUE Présenté par : Mohamed FAHAR-EDDINE MONDY Sous la direction de : Gabriel RABEARIMANANA 27 Avril 2007 REMERCIEMENTS Le présent mémoire de maîtrise est le fruit de trois années de recherches effectuées dans les bibliothèques et sur le terrain. Nous n’avons aucunement la prétention d’avoir épuisé le sujet. Nous sommes donc très conscient des insuffisances de ce travail, de ses lacunes, qui ne peuvent être comblées qu’avec d’autres recherches. Nous espérons néanmoins avoir fourni des indications dignes d’intérêt. Ce travail n’aurait pas pu être mené à son terme sans la collaboration de nombreuses personnes. Au Président du Jury, Madame Joselyne RAMAMONJISOA , Professeur Titulaire au Département de Géographie dans la Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, qui malgré ses lourdes et multiples tâches, a bien voulu accepter la présidence de ce mémoire, qu’elle trouve ici l’expression de notre reconnaissance. Au Juge, Madame Céline RATOVOSON , Maître de Conférences au Département de Géographie qui nous fait le grand bonheur de bien vouloir juger ce mémoire, qu’il nous soit permis de lui exprimer nos vives et sincères remerciements. Au Directeur de mémoire, Monsieur Gabriel RABEARIMANANA , Maître de Conférences au Département de Géographie, qui a accepté de nous diriger. Ses conseils, ses critiques ainsi que la sympathie qu’il a manifestée à notre égard nous a permis de mener à bien cette étude. Nous tenons à exprimer également notre gratitude à tous les enseignants chercheurs du Département de Géographie, d’Histoire, ainsi que le personnel administratif, qui nous ont permis de découvrir et d’apprécier l’intérêt de la science de recherche.
    [Show full text]