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Nobel Laureates Endorse Joe Biden
Nobel Laureates endorse Joe Biden 81 American Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry, and Medicine have signed this letter to express their support for former Vice President Joe Biden in the 2020 election for President of the United States. At no time in our nation’s history has there been a greater need for our leaders to appreciate the value of science in formulating public policy. During his long record of public service, Joe Biden has consistently demonstrated his willingness to listen to experts, his understanding of the value of international collaboration in research, and his respect for the contribution that immigrants make to the intellectual life of our country. As American citizens and as scientists, we wholeheartedly endorse Joe Biden for President. Name Category Prize Year Peter Agre Chemistry 2003 Sidney Altman Chemistry 1989 Frances H. Arnold Chemistry 2018 Paul Berg Chemistry 1980 Thomas R. Cech Chemistry 1989 Martin Chalfie Chemistry 2008 Elias James Corey Chemistry 1990 Joachim Frank Chemistry 2017 Walter Gilbert Chemistry 1980 John B. Goodenough Chemistry 2019 Alan Heeger Chemistry 2000 Dudley R. Herschbach Chemistry 1986 Roald Hoffmann Chemistry 1981 Brian K. Kobilka Chemistry 2012 Roger D. Kornberg Chemistry 2006 Robert J. Lefkowitz Chemistry 2012 Roderick MacKinnon Chemistry 2003 Paul L. Modrich Chemistry 2015 William E. Moerner Chemistry 2014 Mario J. Molina Chemistry 1995 Richard R. Schrock Chemistry 2005 K. Barry Sharpless Chemistry 2001 Sir James Fraser Stoddart Chemistry 2016 M. Stanley Whittingham Chemistry 2019 James P. Allison Medicine 2018 Richard Axel Medicine 2004 David Baltimore Medicine 1975 J. Michael Bishop Medicine 1989 Elizabeth H. Blackburn Medicine 2009 Michael S. -
Gary Becker's Early Work on Human Capital: Collaborations and Distinctiveness
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Teixeira, Pedro Article Gary Becker's early work on human capital: Collaborations and distinctiveness IZA Journal of Labor Economics Provided in Cooperation with: IZA – Institute of Labor Economics Suggested Citation: Teixeira, Pedro (2014) : Gary Becker's early work on human capital: Collaborations and distinctiveness, IZA Journal of Labor Economics, ISSN 2193-8997, Springer, Heidelberg, Vol. 3, pp. 1-20, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40172-014-0012-2 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/152338 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence -
CERN Courier Is Distributed to Member-State Governments, Institutes and Laboratories Affiliated with CERN, and to Their Personnel
I n t e r n at I o n a l J o u r n a l o f H I g H - e n e r g y P H y s I c s CERN COURIERV o l u m e 4 6 n u m b e r 9 n o V e m b e r 2 0 0 6 OPERA makes its grand debut ACCELERATORS COMPUTING NEWS INTERVIEW Laser-wakefield device Business signs up to Stephen Hawking pays reaches 1 GeV p5 work with EGEE p12 a visit to CERN p28 CCENovCover1.indd 1 18/10/06 08:53:59 CERN & ProCurve Networking 15 petabytes of data And a network that can handle it “CERN uses ProCurve Switches because we generate a colossal amount of data, making dependability a top priority.” —David Foster, Communication Systems Group Leader, CERN CERN has joined with ProCurve to build their network based on high-performance security, reliability and flexibility, along with a lifetime warranty.* From the world’s largest applications, to a company-wide email, just think what ProCurve could do for your network. Get a closer look at CERN and the world’s biggest physics experiment. Visit www.hp.com/eur/procurvecern1 *For as long as you own the product, with next-business-day advance replacement (available in most countries). For details, refer to the ProCurve Software License, Warranty and Support booklet at www.hp.com/rnd/support/warranty/index.htm The ProCurve Routing Switch 9300m series, ProCurve Routing Switch 9408sl, ProCurve Switch 8100fl series, and the ProCurve Access Control Server 745wl have a one-year- warranty with extensions available. -
Particle Detectors Lecture Notes
Lecture Notes Heidelberg, Summer Term 2011 The Physics of Particle Detectors Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik Introduction Historical Developments Historical Development γ-rays First 1896 Detection of α-, β- and γ-rays 1896 β-rays Image of Becquerel's photographic plate which has been An x-ray picture taken by Wilhelm Röntgen of Albert von fogged by exposure to radiation from a uranium salt. Kölliker's hand at a public lecture on 23 January 1896. Historical Development Rutherford's scattering experiment Microscope + Scintillating ZnS screen Schematic view of Rutherford experiment 1911 Rutherford's original experimental setup Historical Development Detection of cosmic rays [Hess 1912; Nobel prize 1936] ! "# Electrometer Cylinder from Wulf [2 cm diameter] Mirror Strings Microscope Natrium ! !""#$%&'()*+,-)./0)1&$23456/)78096$/'9::9098)1912 $%&!'()*+,-.%!/0&1.)%21331&10!,0%))0!%42%!56784210462!1(,!9624,10462,:177%&!(2;! '()*+,-.%2!<=%4*1;%2%)%:0&67%0%&!;1&>!Victor F. Hess before his 1912 balloon flight in Austria during which he discovered cosmic rays. ?40! @4)*%! ;%&! /0%)),-.&1(8%! A! )1,,%2! ,4-.!;4%!BC;%2!;%,!D)%:0&67%0%&,!(7!;4%! EC2F,1-.,%!;%,!/0&1.)%21331&10,!;&%.%2G!(7!%42%!*H&!;4%!A8)%,(2F!FH2,04F%!I6,40462! %42,0%))%2! J(! :K22%2>! L10&4(7! =4&;! M%&=%2;%0G! (7! ;4%! E(*0! 47! 922%&%2! ;%,! 9624,10462,M6)(7%2!M62!B%(-.04F:%40!*&%4!J(!.1)0%2>! $%&!422%&%G!:)%42%&%!<N)42;%&!;4%20!;%&!O8%&3&H*(2F!;%&!9,6)10462!;%,!P%&C0%,>!'4&;!%&! H8%&! ;4%! BC;%2! F%,%2:0G! ,6! M%&&42F%&0! ,4-.!;1,!1:04M%!9624,10462,M6)(7%2!1(*!;%2! -
1 Restoring Scientific Integrity in Policy Making February 18, 2004
Restoring Scientific Integrity in Policy Making February 18, 2004 Science, like any field of endeavor, relies on freedom of inquiry; and one of the hallmarks of that freedom is objectivity. Now, more than ever, on issues ranging from climate change to AIDS research to genetic engineering to food additives, government relies on the impartial perspective of science for guidance. President George H.W. Bush, April 23, 1990 Successful application of science has played a large part in the policies that have made the United States of America the world’s most powerful nation and its citizens increasingly prosperous and healthy. Although scientific input to the government is rarely the only factor in public policy decisions, this input should always be weighed from an objective and impartial perspective to avoid perilous consequences. Indeed, this principle has long been adhered to by presidents and administrations of both parties in forming and implementing policies. The administration of George W. Bush has, however, disregarded this principle. When scientific knowledge has been found to be in conflict with its political goals, the administration has often manipulated the process through which science enters into its decisions. This has been done by placing people who are professionally unqualified or who have clear conflicts of interest in official posts and on scientific advisory committees; by disbanding existing advisory committees; by censoring and suppressing reports by the government’s own scientists; and by simply not seeking independent scientific advice. Other administrations have, on occasion, engaged in such practices, but not so systematically nor on so wide a front. Furthermore, in advocating policies that are not scientifically sound, the administration has sometimes misrepresented scientific knowledge and misled the public about the implications of its policies. -
THE GENOMIC SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE George M. Church
Medical Genetics: Past, Present, Future, pages 17-21 © 1985 Alan R. Llss , Inc. THE GENOMIC SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE George M. Church and Walter Gilbert Biogen Cambridge , Massachusetts 02 142 In a mammalian cell , the DNA corresponding to any gene sequence is surrounded by DNA corr esponding to some million other such sequences. How can we study a specific gene without isolating it away from al l others? We have devised a technfque that will display the se quence of any gene without previous purification (Ch urch and Gilbert 1983) . Our method extends the Southern blotting technique to a new degree of sensitivity . \.J'e use a radioactive probe not just to identify a single r estriction fragment of DNA but as a way of end-labeling a unique restriction fragment. This end- label ing by hybridization is analogous to the end- labeling that we do in the conventional DNA sequencing , which enables us to display in any partial digest a series of fragments extending out f r om the point of label ing as a series of labeled bands separated by size . Although the chemical DNA sequencing techniques usually use onl y a single labeled phosphate, if the hybridization probe is kept moderately short, on the order of 100 nucleotides , it will serve as a end- label that can display sequence running out several hundred bases beyond the end of the probe . We take total DNA and cut it with a restr iction enzyme, one of .whose cuts is close to the sequence of interest. After we perform the chemical sequencing reactions on that total DNA, we electrophorese the ~enatured DNA through a conventional sequencing gel. -
Liste Der Nobelpreisträger
Physiologie Wirtschafts- Jahr Physik Chemie oder Literatur Frieden wissenschaften Medizin Wilhelm Henry Dunant Jacobus H. Emil von Sully 1901 Conrad — van ’t Hoff Behring Prudhomme Röntgen Frédéric Passy Hendrik Antoon Theodor Élie Ducommun 1902 Emil Fischer Ronald Ross — Lorentz Mommsen Pieter Zeeman Albert Gobat Henri Becquerel Svante Niels Ryberg Bjørnstjerne 1903 William Randal Cremer — Pierre Curie Arrhenius Finsen Bjørnson Marie Curie Frédéric John William William Mistral 1904 Iwan Pawlow Institut de Droit international — Strutt Ramsay José Echegaray Adolf von Henryk 1905 Philipp Lenard Robert Koch Bertha von Suttner — Baeyer Sienkiewicz Camillo Golgi Joseph John Giosuè 1906 Henri Moissan Theodore Roosevelt — Thomson Santiago Carducci Ramón y Cajal Albert A. Alphonse Rudyard \Ernesto Teodoro Moneta 1907 Eduard Buchner — Michelson Laveran Kipling Louis Renault Ilja Gabriel Ernest Rudolf Klas Pontus Arnoldson 1908 Metschnikow — Lippmann Rutherford Eucken Paul Ehrlich Fredrik Bajer Theodor Auguste Beernaert Guglielmo Wilhelm Kocher Selma 1909 — Marconi Ostwald Ferdinand Lagerlöf Paul Henri d’Estournelles de Braun Constant Johannes Albrecht Ständiges Internationales 1910 Diderik van Otto Wallach Paul Heyse — Kossel Friedensbüro der Waals Allvar Maurice Tobias Asser 1911 Wilhelm Wien Marie Curie — Gullstrand Maeterlinck Alfred Fried Victor Grignard Gerhart 1912 Gustaf Dalén Alexis Carrel Elihu Root — Paul Sabatier Hauptmann Heike Charles Rabindranath 1913 Kamerlingh Alfred Werner Henri La Fontaine — Robert Richet Tagore Onnes Theodore -
MIT Briefing Book 2007
MIT Briefing Book Massachusetts Institute 2007 of Technology MIT Briefing Book © Massachusetts Institute of Technology, January, 2007 Researched and written by a variety of MIT faculty and staff, in particular members of the Provost’s Office/ Institutional Research, Office of the President, Office of Sponsored Research, and Student Financial Services; and the MIT Washington Office. Special thanks to Carla Lane who researched and prepared many of the research summaries. Executive Editors: Claude Canizares, Vice President for Research ([email protected]); William B. Bonvillian, Director, MIT Washington Office ([email protected]) Editors: David Lewis ([email protected]) and Lydia Snover ([email protected]) to whom all questions of content should be directed. ii 2007 MIT Briefing Book • More information: MIT Washington Office, 202-789-1828 Contents Students 1-3 1 Alumni and Alumnae 1-3 Faculty, Staff and Trustees 1-4 MIT Facts and History Fields of Study 1-5 Major Research Laboratories, Centers and Programs 1-6 Academic and Research Affiliations 1-7 Advances in Education 1-10 MIT Research Firsts 1-12 2 Campus Research 2-2 Campus Research Sponsors 2-3 Federal Research Support Department of Defense 2-4 Department of Health and Human Services 2-6 Department of Energy 2-8 National Science Foundation 2-10 NASA 2-12 Other Federal Agencies 2-14 MIT Lincoln Laboratory at Hanscom Air Force Base 2-16 3 Trends in Federal Research Funding 3-2 Improving National Competiveness and Innovation 3-4 Managing Export Controls 3-7 Current Federal Issues Welcoming International -
Congressional Record—Senate S6593
July 13, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð SENATE S6593 E. J. Corey, Harvard University, 1990 Nobel The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- AMENDMENT NO. 3753 Prize in chemistry. ator from Mississippi. Mr. ROCKEFELLER. Mr. President, I James W. Cronin, University of Chicago, Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, the am pleased that the Senate has taken 1980 Nobel Prize in physics. an important step toward protecting Renato Dulbecco, The Salk Institute, 1975 Durbin amendment is unnecessary. It Nobel Prize in medicine. purports to direct the manner and de- the lives and property of all Americans Edmond H. Fischer, Univ. of Washington, tails of a missile testing program that with the passage of the Firefighter In- 1992 Nobel Prize in medicine. the Secretary of Defense is committed vestment and Response Enhancement Val L. Fitch, Princeton University, 1980 to conduct already. Act. I am proud today to join with Sen- Nobel Prize in physics. This amendment is an unprecedented ators DODD and DEWINE as a cosponsor Robert F. Furchgott, Suny Health Science effort by the Senate to micromanage a of this legislation. I wish to thank Sen- Ctr., 1998 Nobel Prize in medicine. ator DODD and Senator DEWINE for the Murray Gell-Mann, Santa Fe Institute, weapons system testing program. In no 1969 Nobel Prize in physics. other program has the Senate tried to leadership and effort they have shown Ivar Giaever, Rensselaer Polytechnic Insti- legislate in this way to dictate to DOD on behalf of the men and women serv- tute, 1973 Nobel Prize in physics. how a classified national security test- ing as firefighters across the nation. -
Open Letter to the American People
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: October 18, 2016 AN OPEN LETTER TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE The coming Presidential election will have profound consequences for the future of our country and the world. To preserve our freedoms, protect our constitutional government, safeguard our national security, and ensure that all members of our nation will be able to work together for a better future, it is imperative that Hillary Clinton be elected as the next President of the United States. Some of the most pressing problems that the new President will face — the devastating effects of debilitating diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and cancer, the need for alternative sources of energy, and climate change and its consequences — require vigorous support for science and technology and the assurance that scientific knowledge will inform public policy. Such support is essential to this country’s economic future, its health, its security, and its prestige. Strong advocacy for science agencies, initiatives to promote innovation, and sensible immigration and education policies are crucial to the continued preeminence of the U.S. scientific work force. We need a President who will support and advance policies that will enable science and technology to flourish in our country and to provide the basis of important policy decisions. For these reasons and others, we, as U.S. Nobel Laureates concerned about the future of our nation, strongly and fully support Hillary Clinton to be the President of the United States. Peter Agre, Chemistry 2003 Carol W. Greider, Medicine 2009 Sidney Altman, Chemistry 1989 David J. Gross, Physics 2004 Philip W. Anderson, Physics 1977 Roger Guillemin, Medicine 1977 Kenneth J. -
David Norman Schramm October 25, 1945–December 19, 1997
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES D AVID NORMAN SCHRAMM 1 9 4 5 — 1 9 9 7 A Biographical Memoir by M I C H A E L S . T URNER Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 2009 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON, D.C. DAVID NORMAN SCHRAMM October 25, 1945–December 19, 1997 B Y MICHAEL S . TURNER “ E LIVED LARGE IN ALL DIMENSIONS.” That is how Leon HLederman began his eulogy of David N. Schramm at a memorial service held in Aspen, Colorado, in December 1997. His large presence in space went beyond his 6-foot, 4-inch, 240-pound frame and bright red hair. In spite of his tragic death in a plane crash at age 52, Schramm lived large in the time dimension, too. At 18, he was married, a father, and a freshman physics major at MIT. After receiving his Ph.D. in physics from Caltech at 25, Schramm joined the faculty at the University of Texas at Austin. He left for Chicago two years later, and became the chair of the Astronomy and Astrophysics Department at the University of Chicago at age 2. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1986 at 40, became chair of the National Research Council’s Board on Physics and Astronomy at 47, and two years later became vice president for research at Chicago. He also had time for mountain climbing, summiting the highest peaks in five of the seven continents (missing Asia and Antarctica), driving a red Porsche with license plates that read “Big Bang,” and flying—owning four airplanes over his 12-year flying career and logging hundreds of hours annually. -
OLC Denies FOIA Request for Opinion on Executive Orders
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS Board of Sponsors 1725 DeSales Street NW, 6th floor [email protected] (Partial List) Washington, DC 20036 www.fas.org *Sidney Altman Phone: (202) 546-3300 Fax: (202) 675-1010 Bruce Ames F.A.S. *Philip W. Anderson *Kenneth J. Arrow *Julius Axelrod *David Baltimore Frank von Hippel Hal Feiveson Henry C. Kelly Paul Beeson Chairman Secretary-Treasurer President *Baruj Benacerraf *Hans A. Bethe *J. Michael Bishop *Nicolaas Bloembergen *Norman Borlaug *Paul Boyer March 11, 2008 *Owen Chamberlain (202)454-4691 Morris Cohen *Stanley Cohen [email protected] Mildred Cohn *Leon N. Cooper Elizabeth Farris *E. .J. Corey Paul B. Cornely Office of Legal Counsel *James Cronin *Johann Deisenhofer Room 5515, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Carl Djerassi Ann Druyan Department of Justice *Renato Dulbecco John T. Edsall Washington, DC 20530-0001 Paul R. Ehrlich By fax: 202-514-0563 George Field *Val L. Fitch Jerome D. Frank *Jerome I. Friedman Dear Ms. Farris: *John Kenneth Galbraith *Walter Gilbert *Donald Glaser *Sheldon L. Glashow This is a request under the Freedom of Information Act. Marvin L. Goldberger *Joseph L. Goldstein *Roger C. L. Guillemin We request a copy of an Office of Legal Counsel opinion from the George *Dudley R. Herschbach *Roald Hoffmann W. Bush Administration pertaining in part to the efficacy of executive John P. Holdren *David H. Hubel orders. *Jerome Karle Nathan Keyfitz *H. Gobind Khorana *Arthur Kornberg In particular, Senator Sheldon Whitehouse stated on the Senate floor on *Edwin G. Krebs *Willis E. Lamb December 7 that he had examined an OLC opinion which included, *Leon Lederman *Edward Lewis according to his notes, the following statement or something resembling it: *William N.