Frida Kahlo I Diego Rivera. Polski Kontekst

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Frida Kahlo I Diego Rivera. Polski Kontekst Polski kontekst I Polish context SPIS TREŚCI TABLE OF CONTENTS 9—11 7 Jacek Jaśkowiak 135—148 Helga Prignitz-Poda Prezydent Miasta Poznania I President of the City of Poznań Diego Rivera – prace I Diego Rivera – works Gdyby Frida była wśród nas… I If Frida were among us… 187—187 Helga Prignitz-Poda 19—19 Alejandro Negrín Nickolas Muray Ambasador Meksyku w Polsce I Ambassador of Mexico to Poland Frida Kahlo i Diego Rivera w Polsce: uniwersalizm kultury meksykańskiej 195—195 Ariel Zúñiga Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera in Poland: the Universal Nature of Mexican Art O Bernice Kolko… I On Bernice Kolko… x1— 13 Anna Hryniewiecka 211—211 Dina Comisarenco Mirkin Dyrektor Centrum Kultury ZAMEK w Poznaniu I Director of ZAMEK Culture Centre in Poznań Grafiki Fanny Rabel (artystki w wieku pomiędzy sześćsetnym Frida. Czas kobiet I Frida. Time of Women i dwutysięcznym rokiem życia) I Graphic works by Fanny Rabel (artist between 600 and 2000 years of age) 17—17 Helga Prignitz-Poda Frida Kahlo i Diego Rivera. Polski kontekst. Sztuka meksykańska w wymianie kulturowej 135—224 Diego Rivera Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera. Polish context. Mexican Art in Cultural Exchange O Fanny Rabel I About Fanny Rabel 17— 52 Elena Poniatowska 135—225 Frida Kahlo o Fanny Rabel, sierpień 1945 Frida Kahlo Frida Kahlo about Fanny Rabel, August 1945 0 53—53 Diego Rivera 227—227 Helga Prignitz-Poda Frida Kahlo i sztuka Meksyku I Frida Kahlo and Mexican Art Kolekcja prac z Wystawy sztuki meksykańskiej z 1955 roku w zbiorach Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie I Works from the 1955 Exhibition 66—166 Helga Prignitz-Poda of Mexican Art, in the collection of the National Museum in Warsaw Frida Kahlo – prace I Frida Kahlo – works 232—232 Holger Roick 135—135 Frida Kahlo Frida Kahlo w dzisiejszej grafice meksykańskiej Portret Diego I Portrait of Diego Frida Kahlo in Contemporary Graphic Art of Mexico 238—238 Kalendarium I Timetable GDYBY FRIDA BYŁA WŚRÓD NAS… IF FRIDA WERE AMONG US… Kilka lat przygotowań Miasta Poznań i Centrum The several years of preparations which the City of Kultury ZAMEK do niniejszej wystawy to wystarczająco Poznan and ZAMEK Culture Centre undertook to make długo, by poznać niezwykły splot osobistych losów this exhibition a reality have been more than enough Fridy Kahlo z twórczością, którą po sobie pozostawiła. to learn how deeply interwoven were the personal Z każdą chwilą przybliżającą nas do wernisażu coraz fates of Frida Kahlo and the oeuvre that became ważniejsze staje się pytanie, które wykracza poza kul- her legacy. With each moment that brings us closer turoznawczą refleksję: kim dziś byłaby Frida Kahlo, to the opening of the show, one feels ever greater gdyby los pozwolił jej pojawić się w dniu otwarcia need to answer a question which transcends scholarly wystawy w Poznaniu? reflection on culture: who would the Mexican painter be today, if fate contrived to let her appear at the Żyjąc w Polsce roku 2017, obserwuję rosnącą rolę preview in Poznań? artystów w życiu publicznym. Ludzie sztuki mają szcze- gólną umiejętność przeniesienia swych wizji na płótno, Living in Poland in 2017 I anticipate an ever greater taśmę filmową, scenę lub estradę, ale w ostatnim cza- role that artists will play in community life. They have sie to już nie wystarcza. Aktywność – i to nie wyłącz- that particular skill of transferring their vision onto canvas, nie poprzez dokonania artystyczne – uważam nie tylko pages of a book, film, or stage, yet recently this does za dopuszczalną, ale wręcz konieczną formę udziału not seem to suffice. I believe that activities which wielkich osobowości twórczych w życiu publicznym. transcend purely artistic work constitute not only an admissible but even a necessary mode for the great Frida Kahlo nie przybyłaby do Poznania tylko po to, creative individualities to participate in public life. by symbolicznie przeciąć wstęgę przy wejściu na wystawę. Myślę, że skorzystałaby z okazji, by wy- Frida Kahlo would not come to Poznań merely to cut głosić płomienną mowę o konieczności zapewnie- the ribbon and open an exhibition of her works. I am nia swobody twórczej i moralnego wsparcia dla tych convinced that she would use the opportunity to artystów, którzy wierność swoim przekonaniom przy- deliver a spirited address about the necessity to płacają – w najlepszym razie – publiczną nagonką ze ensure creative freedom and lend moral support to strony władzy, nierozumiejącej istoty kultury. those artists who, faithful to their convictions, have to face public backlash orchestrated by the authority Witamy Państwa w Wolnym Mieście Poznań na wystawie which fails to grasp the essence of culture. wielkiej wolnej artystki. Let me welcome all in the Free City of Poznań, at the exhibition of a great, free artist. Jacek Jaśkowiak Prezydent Miasta Poznania President of the City of Poznań 6 —— 7 FRIDA KAHLO I DIEGO RIVERA W POLSCE: UNIWERSALIZM KULTURY MEKSYKAŃSKIEJ FRIDA KAHLO AND DIEGO RIVERA IN POLAND: THE UNIVERSAL NATURE OF MEXICAN ART Ambasada Meksyku w Polsce ma wielki zaszczyt być The Embassy of Mexico in Poland has the great honour patronem honorowym wystawy Frida Kahlo i Diego of being a honorary patron of the exhibition Frida Rivera. Polski kontekst. Kahlo and Diego Rivera. Polish context. W roku 1955 polska publiczność miała okazję zobaczyć In 1955, the audiences in Poland had the opportunity w Warszawie dzieło Zraniony stół (La Mesa Herida) Fridy to see Frida Kahlo’s The Wounded Table (La Mesa Herida), Kahlo podczas wielkiej wystawy sztuki meksykańskiej during an extensive exhibition of Mexican art held at w Galerii Zachęta. Notabene jest to obraz, którego los the Zachęta Gallery. It may be noted that the work’s do dziś jest nieznany. fates afterwards have so far remained unknown. W rzeczywistości jednak jest to pierwsza w Polsce This is in fact the first Polish exhibition of Frida Kahlo wystawa Fridy Kahlo (1907–1954) i Diego Rivery (1907–1954) and Diego Rivera (1886–1957), two of (1886–1957) – najpopularniejszych meksykańskich the most popular Mexican artists, people at the very artystów, twórców awangardy kulturalnej Meksyku forefront of the cultural avant-garde of Mexico in the XX wieku, co czyni ją niezwykle ważną. 20th century, which makes the show singularly important. Frida Kahlo to obecnie najbardziej znana meksykań- Today, Frida Kahlo is the best known artist of Mexico ska artystka i najważniejszy wyznacznik kultury mek- and the very epitome of its culture in the world. It was sykańskiej na świecie. Jest artystką, którą publicz- probably in the 1980s that the public around the globe ność na całym świecie poznała prawdopodobnie were introduced to her oeuvre. The first international w latach 80. ubiegłego wieku. Pierwsza międzynaro- show of her works, which drew universal attention, dowa wystawa Fridy, która przyciągnęła uwagę świata, took place in 1978 at the Museum of Contemporary miała miejsce w Muzeum Sztuki Współczesnej w Chicago Art in Chicago. Subsequent exhibitions were held in all w 1978 r. Potem wystawy Fridy Kahlo odbyły się major museums, from Louvre and Hermitage to Tate w najważniejszych muzeach, od Luwru przez Ermitaż Modern. All attracted massive audiences, enjoyed aż po Tate Modern. Wszystkie przyciągnęły licznych zwie- tremendous critical interest while the works themselves dzających, cieszyły się ogromnym zainteresowaniem kry- would fetch the highest prices on the art market. The great tyków, osiągając najwyższe ceny na rynku sztuki. Mexican writer Carlos Fuentes1 observes: Urodzona wraz z rewolucją Frida Kahlo jednocześnie Born with the Revolution, Frida Kahlo reflects and odzwierciedla i wykracza poza sytuację panującą simultaneously transcends the central event of w XX wieku w Meksyku. Znajduje to swoje odzwier- 20th-century Mexico. She mirrors it in her images of ciedlenie w obrazach przepełnionych cierpieniem, suffering, destruction, bloodshed, mutilation, loss, but zniszczeniem, przelaną krwią, okaleczeniami, stratą, also in her images of humour, gaiety, and facetiousness ale również humorem, radością i żartem, charaktery- that distinguished her painful life so very much. stycznych dla jej okupionego bólem życia – 8 —— 9 zauważa wielki meksykański pisarz Carlos Fuentes1. Apart from the distinctive traits of Kahlo’s art, among w 1955 r.; Skarby sztuki meksykańskiej od czasów A number of important exhibitions of Mexican art Oprócz tych znaków szczególnych w sztuce Fridy Kahlo, which pain and body played such a crucial role, prekolumbijskich do naszych dni w Muzeum Narodowym have taken place in Poland, including Mexican Art at gdzie ból i ciało mają kluczowe znaczenie, istnie- there were also other means of expression which w 1961 r.; Moda Majów w Państwowym Muzeum Zachęta in 1955, Treasures of Mexican Art: from ją inne środki wyrazu, które sprawiły, że Frida stała made Frida a key figure of postmodernist discourses. Archeologicznym w 2010 r. Warto też wyróżnić wystawy Pre-Columbian Times to the Present at the National się centralną postacią dyskursów postmodernizmu. Her oeuvre, spanning predominantly portraits, Koniec Egzotycznej Podróży w Fundacji Galerii Foksal Museum in 1961; Fashion of the Maya at the State Twórczość Fridy Kahlo, w której dominują portrety selfportraits as well as harbouring numerous w 2006 r. oraz Viva México! w Galerii Zachęta Archaeological Museum in 2010. One should also i autoportrety oraz odniesienia do meksykańskiej sztuki references to Mexican folk art, is extraordinary. w 2007 r., których celem było ukazanie istotnego mention The End of an Exotic Journey at the Foksal ludowej, jest nadzwyczajna. Wyjątkowe są też powią- It is also exceptional in that it draws so vividly on the wkładu Meksyku w sztukę współczesną. Gallery Foundation in 2006 and Viva México! held in 2007 zania z aktualnymi tematami: od praw kobiet po prawa topical themes: the empowerment of women and at Zachęta, both of which aimed to demonstrate the seksualne, ochrona zwierząt i przyrody, jak również sexual rights, animal protection and nature conservation, Drogi Meksyku i Polski spotkały się już niejednokrotnie considerable contribution of Mexico to contemporary art.
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