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Die Großschmetterlinge (Macrolepidoptera) Der Diluviallandschaften Um Eberswalde

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Die Großschmetterlinge (Macrolepidoptera) Der Diluviallandschaften Um Eberswalde 68 (2): 177 – 346 2018 © 2018 SenckenbergThe Authors Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Die Großschmetterlinge (Macrolepidoptera) der Diluviallandschaften um Eberswalde. Vierter Nachtrag, Ergänzungen zur Verbreitung, Biologie und Phänologie seit 2013 Mit 28 Figuren und 27 Tabellen Arnold Richert 1 Altenhofer Straße 68, 16227 Eberswalde Published on 2018–12–06 DOI:10.21248/contrib.entomol.68.2.177-346 Zusammenfassung Die Entwicklung der Großschmetterlingsfauna der Diluviallandschaften um Eberswalde wurde bis zum Jahre 2018 unter Berücksichtigung folgender Schwerpunkte fortgeschrieben: (1) Veränderungen im Artenbestand: Vier Arten wurden neu nachgewiesen; acht als verschollen gemeldete Arten wurden wieder entdeckt, darunter als besonders bemerkenwerte Wiederfunde die Noctuide Eremobia ochroleuca nach >60 Jahren und die Geometride Eustroma reticulata nach 33 Jahren; neun Arten des bisherigen Bestandes werden als verschollen gemeldet. (2) Ergänzungen zur Kenntnis der Biologie, insbesondere der Nahrungsökologie der Tagfalter, sowie der aktuellen Veränderungen der Phänologie. (3) Auswertung älterer Quellen, die dem Verfasser bisher nicht bekannt waren; dadurch konnte das Gesamtbild der Großschmetterlingsfauna abgerundet werden. (4) Abschließende Analyse des Durchforschungrades der einzelnen Naturräume des Gebietes. Schlüsselwörter Tagfalter, Nachtfalter, Phänologie, Ökologie, Zeitreihen, Langzeituntersuchung, Artenzusammensetzung, Naturschutz, Brandenburg Abstract The changes in the fauna of macrolepidoptera of the diluvial landscapes around Eberswalde was described until the year 2018 considering the following major aspects: (1) Changes in species composition: Four species were newly recorded; eight species thought to have disappeared were rediscovered, with two particularly remarkable findings, the Nolidae Eremobia ochroleuca after >60 years of absence and the Geometridae Eustroma reticulata after 33 years; eight of the species known for the region could not be confirmed by newer records. (2) Additions are given to the knowledge of the biology, especially of the nutrition ecology of butterflies, as well as recent changes in the phylogeny. (3) Examina- tion of older sources, which have not been known by the author before; these allowed completing the overall picture of the macrolepidoptera. (4) Supplementary information on the level of knowledge on the different sub-regions is given. Key words butterflies, moths, phenology, ecology, time series, long-term research, species composition, nature conservation, Brandenburg ISSN 0005-805X 177 Richert, A.: Die Großschmetterlinge (Macrolepidoptera) der Diluviallandschaften um Eberswalde. Vierter Nachtrag Inhalt Zusammenfassung ......................................................................................................................................................... 177 1. Einleitung ........................................................................................................................................................................ 179 2. Danksagung .................................................................................................................................................................... 180 3. Spezieller Teil .................................................................................................................................................................. 181 3.1. Erläuterungen zu den Ausführungen im speziellen Teil .......................................................................................... 181 3.2. Neu entdeckte Arten ..................................................................................................................................................... 183 3.3. Wieder entdeckte Arten ................................................................................................................................................ 184 3.4. Ergänzungen zu den Anmerkungen in den Teilen I–IV (Richert 1999–2004) (aktualisierte und neue Fundortangaben sowie Beobachtungen zur Biologie, Ökologie und Phänologie) ...................................... 186 4. Ergebnisse – Diskussion ............................................................................................................................................... 317 4.1. Phänologische Veränderungen im Untersuchungszeitraum 2014–2018 ............................................................... 317 4.2. Bestandsentwicklung seit 2014 .................................................................................................................................... 325 4.3. Analyse des Durchforschungsgrades der Naturräume des Gebietes ...................................................................... 326 5. Literatur .......................................................................................................................................................................... 327 6. Register ............................................................................................................................................................................ 330 7. Farbfiguren ..................................................................................................................................................................... 338 8. Anhang ............................................................................................................................................................................ 345 9. Berichtigungen zum 3. Nachtrag (Richert 2014) .................................................................................................... 346 178 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ENTOMOLOGY : BEITRÄGE ZUR ENTOMOLOGIE — 68 (2) 177–346 1. Einleitung Im Jahr 1961 gründeten Entomologen und weitere an der Jahre von meinem langjährigen Mitarbeiter K. Schwabe Sache interessierte Personen aus Eberswalde und Umge- intensiver untersucht. Seine Ergebnisse werden auch im bung eine „Fachgruppe Entomologie“ im Kulturbund der 4. Nachtrag mitgeteilt. DDR, unter dessen Schirmherrschaft damals eine derar- Die Beobachtungen im Untersuchungszeitraum erwei- tige Vereinstätigkeit möglich war. Auf der Gründungs- tern und vertiefen die Kenntnis über Verbreitung der veranstaltung hielt der von uns allen verehrte Mentor Arten im Gebiet, über ihre Biologie und Phänologie. ganzer Generationen von Schmetterlingskundlern (nicht Insbesondere die Kenntnisse zur Nahrungsbiologie der nur aus Brandenburg), Dr. Ernst Urbahn aus Zehdenick, Imagines vor allem von Tagfaltern wurden umfangreich den einführenden Vortrag. Darin bezeichnete er die fau- ergänzt (siehe dazu auch Richert & Brauner i. präp.). nistische Forschung im Raum Eberswalde als besonders Allen seit 2014 festgestellten phänologischen Verän- dankbare Aufgabe für die neu gegründete Fachgruppe. derungen galt meine besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Sie Das Gebiet war damals in dieser Hinsicht noch wenig werden bei den betroffenen Arten benannt und im bearbeitet. Abschnitt Diskussion besonders ausgewertet. Seither sind fast sechs Jahrzehnte kontinuierlicher Frei- Auswertung dem Verfasser bisher nicht be­ zeitforschung vergangen, in denen der Verfasser und kannter älterer Quellen, die das Gesamtbild viele Mitarbeiter und Gewährsleute, die heute z. T. nicht der Großschmetterlingsfauna abrunden mehr unter uns weilen, ein umfangreiches Datenma- terial zur Großschmetterlingsfauna der Diluvialland- – Unter dem Titel „Die Großschmetterlinge des Biosphä- schaften um Eberswalde zusammengetragen haben. renreservats Schorfheide-Chorin“ fassten U. Barthelme Ihre Tätigkeit wurde zunächst vom Eberswalder Forst- & G. Rinnhofer die Ergebnisse ihrer Sammeltätigkeit institut, später vom Deutschen Entomologischen Insti- im Eberswalder Raum von 1965 bis 1994 in Form einer tut unterstützt. unveröffentlichten kommentierten Artenliste (Schreib- Im Ergebnis und als Auswertung des Datenmaterials maschinen-Manuskript) zusammen. Dieses Manuskript liegt ein umfangreiches Werk über die Großschmetter- befand sich in der Landesanstalt für Großschutzgebiete linge unseres Gebietes vor, das nicht nur den Artenbe- Land Brandenburg. Günter Rinnhofer war als Präparator stand, sondern auch seine fortwährende Veränderung im DEI in Eberswalde tätig und hat oft gemeinsam mit dokumentiert. Der 4. Nachtrag zu diesem Werk wird Uwe Barthelme im Eberswalder Gebiet gesammelt. Beide voraussichtlich die letzte Darstellung über den gesamten haben eine sichere Artenkenntnis und sind als Mitar- Artenbestand der Großschmetterlinge und dessen Ver- beiter und Gewährsleute für die Erarbeitung der Ebers- änderungen sein. Diese Ankündigung ist nicht etwa als walder Fauna bereits aufgeführt (Richert 1999: 8). Die Abschied von der stets mit Freude und Passion betrie- in ihrem Manuskript mitgeteilten Daten standen für die benen faunistischen Freizeitforschung zu werten, im Publikation der Eberswalder Schmetterlingsfauna leider Gegenteil! Die noch verbleibende Zeit soll in ein noch nur teilweise zur Verfügung. Sie stammen aus Lebensräu- offenes reizvolles Thema investiert werden: Aus unserem men unseres Gebietes, die dem Verfasser überwiegend Gebiet liegen viele (historische und aktuelle) Daten über bezüglich ihres Artenspektrums bekannt sind, aber nicht Kleinschmetterlinge vor, die einer zusammenfassenden regelmäßig von ihm selbst kontrolliert werden konnten. Darstellung harren. Alle im Manuskript vermerkten Daten wurden kritisch bewertet. Sie bieten eine willkommene Ergänzung und Der 4. Nachtrag zur Eberswalder Großschmetterlings- ermöglichen in Einzelfällen
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