Guide to Combination Cancer Chemotherapy Regimens
Dominic A. Solimando, Jr. J. Aubrey Waddell
A Thomas Land Publication CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS...... ix
INTRODUCTION...... xi
REGIMENS
1. BREAST Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Fluorouracil (CAF, FAC)...... 1 Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and Fluorouracil (CMF)...... 4 Docetaxel and Capecitabine (DC) ...... 8 Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AUC = 6) (DC)...... 12 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 16 Docetaxel, Doxorubicin, and Cyclophosphamide (TAC) ...... 24 Dose Dense Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Followed by Paclitaxel...... 28 Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide...... 31 Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel ...... 33 Doxorubicin and Docetaxel...... 37 Fluorouracil, Epirubicin, and Cyclophosphamide (FEC50) (FEC)...... 42 Fluorouracil, Epirubicin, and Cyclophosphamide (FEC100) (FEC)...... 46 Gemcitabine and Capecitabine...... 49 Ixabepilone and Capecitabine (IC)...... 53 Lapatinib and Capecitabine...... 56 Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine...... 59 Pemetrexed and Carboplatin (PC)...... 63
2. GASTROINTESTINAL Gemcitabine and Capecitabine (Biliary, Gallbladder) ...... 67 Irinotecan and Cisplatin (IP) (Gastroesophageal)...... 71
Colon/Colorectal Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin (XelOx/CapOx)...... 75 Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Irinotecan (FOLFIRI) ...... 79 High-Dose Fluorouracil and Leucovorin...... 82 Irinotecan, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin...... 86 Leucovorin, Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX 4)...... 89 Leucovorin, Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX 6 and 7)...... 93 Protracted Venous Infusion Fluorouracil ...... 97 Weekly Fluorouracil and Leucovorin...... 100
Gastric Docetaxel and Capecitabine (DC) ...... 103 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 107 Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil (DCF) ...... 115 Epirubicin, Cisplatin and Capecitabine (ECX)...... 119
iii iv Contents
Epirubicin, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil (ECF)...... 123 Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, and Mitomycin (FAM) ...... 130 Irinotecan and Cisplatin (IP)...... 134
Esophageal Docetaxel and Capecitabine (DC) ...... 138 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 142 Irinotecan and Cisplatin (IP)...... 150
Pancreatic Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, and Mitomycin (FAM) ...... 154 Gemcitabine and Capecitabine...... 158
3. GENITOURINARY Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP) (Urothelial)...... 162 Gemcitabine and Capecitabine (Renal Cell)...... 170
Bladder Intravesical Doxorubicin...... 174 Intravesical BCG...... 180 Intravesical Gemcitabine...... 182 Intravesical Mitomycin...... 184 Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin (MVAC)...... 190
Prostate Docetaxel and Capecitabine (DC) ...... 197 Docetaxel and Estramustine...... 201 Docetaxel and Prednisone (DP)...... 205 Gemcitabine and Capecitabine...... 208 Mitoxantrone and Prednisone (MP)...... 212 Taxanes and Estramustine ...... 214
Testicular Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Cisplatin (BEP)...... 218 Cisplatin and Ifosfamide With Either Vinblastine or Etoposide (VIP)...... 221 Etoposide and Cisplatin...... 225
4. GYNECOLOGIC Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AUC = 6) (DC) (Cervical)...... 228
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm Etoposide, Methotrexate, Actinomycin, Cyclophosphamide, and Vincristine (EMA/CO) ...... 232 Hydroxyurea, Dactinomycin, Vincristine, Leucovorin, Cyclophosphamide, and Doxorubicin (Modified Bagshawe Regimen). . .235
Ovarian Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AUC = 6) (DC)...... 238 Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AUC = 5) (DC)...... 242 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 245 Liposomal Doxorubicin...... 253 Pemetrexed and Carboplatin (PC)...... 255 Contents v
5. HEAD AND NECK Cisplatin and Continuous Infusion Fluorouracil (CF)...... 259 Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AUC = 6) (DC)...... 265 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 269 Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil (DCF) ...... 277 Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil (TCF)...... 281
6. LUNG Carboplatin and Etoposide (CE)...... 283 Cisplatin and Pemetrexed...... 286 Docetaxel and Capecitabine (DC) ...... 290 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 294 Etoposide and Cisplatin (EP)...... 302 Gemcitabine and Cisplatin (GC)...... 305 Irinotecan and Carboplatin (IC)...... 309 Irinotecan and Cisplatin (IP)...... 313 Paclitaxel and Carboplatin (PC or TC)...... 317 Pemetrexed and Carboplatin (PC)...... 320 Vinorelbine and Cisplatin (VC)...... 324
7. LEUKEMIAS Acute Lymphocytic (ALL) Hyper-fractionated Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Doxorubicin, and Dexamethasone Alternating With Methotrexate and Cytarabine (Hyper-CVAD)...... 328 Prednisone, Asparaginase, Vincristine, Daunorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Cytarabine, Thioguanine, Mercaptopurine, and Methotrexate (Hoelzer Regimen) ...... 332 Prednisone, Vincristine, Daunorubicin, and Asparaginase (PVDA)...... 337
Acute Myelogenous (AML) Cytarabine and Daunorubicin (7 plus 3)...... 340 Cytarabine and Idarubicin (7 + 3)...... 342 Fludarabine, Cytarabine, and Filgrastim (FLAG)...... 345 High-Dose Cytarabine (HIDAC) ...... 348 High-Dose Cytarabine (HIDAC) Plus Daunorubicin...... 350
Chronic Lymphocytic (CLL) Cyclophosphamide, Fludarabine, and Rituximab (CFR, FCR)...... 353 Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, and Prednisone ...... 356
Bleomycin, Etoposide, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and Prednisone (BEACOPP(BASELINE)) . . . .360
Bleomycin, Etoposide, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and Prednisone (BEACOPP(ESCALATED)). . . .365 Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, and Dacarbazine (ABVD)...... 369 Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and Prednisone (MOPP) ...... 373 MOPP/ABVD and Selected MOPP/ABV(D) Hybrid Regimens...... 377 Mechlorethamine, Doxorubicin, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Prednisone (Stanford V)...... 381
Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (CHOP) ...... 385 Dexamethasone, Cytarabine, and Cisplatin (DHAP)...... 388 vi Contents
Etoposide, Prednisone, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, and Doxorubicin (EPOCH)...... 391 Etoposide, Methylprednisolone, Cytarabine, and Cisplatin (ESHAP) ...... 394 Hyper-fractionated Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Doxorubicin, and Dexamethasone Alternating With Methotrexate and Cytarabine (Hyper-CVAD)...... 397 Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (R-CHOP)...... 401
9. MELANOMA Bleomycin, Vincristine, Lomustine, and Dacarbazine (BOLD) With Interferon ...... 405 Carmustine, Cisplatin, Dacarbazine, and Tamoxifen (Dartmouth Regimen)...... 409
10. MYELOMA Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (BD)...... 412 Liposomal Doxorubicin and Bortezomib ...... 415 Melphalan and Prednisone (MP)...... 418 Melphalan, Prednisone, and Thalidomide (MPT)...... 422 Thalidomide and Dexamethasone (TD)...... 426 Vincristine, Doxorubicin, and Dexamethasone (VAD)...... 430
11. SARCOMAS Osteosarcoma Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, and High-Dose Methotrexate...... 434 Doxorubicin and Cisplatin...... 442 Doxorubicin, Cisplatin, High-Dose Methotrexate, and Ifosfamide...... 446
Sarcomas Mesna, Doxorubicin, Ifosfamide, and Dacarbazine (MAID)...... 457
Soft-Tissue Sarcomas Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Doxorubicin, and Dacarbazine (CYVADIC)...... 461 Gemcitabine and Docetaxel (GD)...... 464 Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, and Etoposide (ICE)...... 466
12. SOLID TUMORS Docetaxel and Capecitabine (DC) ...... 469 Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AUC = 6) (DC)...... 473 Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 477 Gemcitabine and Capecitabine...... 485 Irinotecan and Cisplatin (IP)...... 489 Pemetrexed and Carboplatin (PC)...... 493
13. TUMORS OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN Docetaxel and Cisplatin (DP)...... 497
APPENDICES
A. DRUG PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION...... 507
B. SUPPORTIVE CARE Acute Emesis Prophylaxis...... 518 Special Considerations...... 520 Contents vii
Hydration...... 521 Hypersensitivity Precautions...... 521 Myeloid Growth Factors ...... 522 Extravasation...... 522 Diarrhea...... 522 Neurotoxicity ...... 523 Ophthalmic...... 523 Pulmonary ...... 524
C. DOSE ADJUSTMENT Dose Adjustment for Renal Dysfunction...... 526 Dose Adjustment for Hepatic Dysfunction...... 531
D. DRUG DOSING FORMULAE ...... 535
ABOUT THE AUTHORS...... 537
INDEX ...... 539