Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 15 Malayan Species Described by H
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Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 15 Malayan Species Described by H. N. Ridley HAROLD ST. JOHN! As IN MANY OTHER GENERA Henry N . Ridley , but 2-pleated and in sec t ion M-shaped, the director of the Botanic Gard en, Singapore, made blade sword-shaped, from the base gradually noteworthy contributions to the knowledge of tapering to the approximately 20 em long subu the Malayan species of Pandanus. His species late apex which about 10 em down is 1.5 mm were validly published in local journals or in wide, at mid section each side with 42 parallel his books. He described them briefly, usually secondary nerves, the base amplexicaul and un giving some details of the stem, leaves, appear armed but beginning 7-8 em up the margins ance of the syncarp , length of style, and width with serrations 0.6-0.9 mm long, 1- 2.5 mm of the exposed tip of the drupes. He cited apart, pale ; the midrib below from 21 em up specimens but did not adopt the type method. with serrations 0.3-0.5 mm long, 2-10 mm N one of his species were illustrated. The writer apart, subulate-ripped; at midsection the mar has investigated Ridley's species, so ug h t the gins and midrib below with serrae 1-1.5 mm holotypes or has chosen lectotypes in the Singa long, 1-3 mm apart ; near the apex the margins pore herbarium. These specimens were kindly and midrib below with rigid serrulations 0.4-0.6 made available by the present director, Dr. H. mm long, 2-4 mm apart; pistillate inflorescence M. Burkitl. 43 em long, 12-13 mm in diameter, trigonous. : Ridley's species of-Pandanus are nearly all bracred, spicate, bearing in the term inal 20 em good, and these are to be maintained . He placed 5 syncarps which are orange and subequal; syn most of his species in either the section Rykia carps 6-7 em long, 5-5.5 em in diameter, ovoid or in A crostigma. As will be noted in the treat to broadly ellipsoid, bearing about 160 drupes, ment that follows, additional sections are to be these 21-22 mm long, 3.5- 5 mm wide, 3-4 found among his species. The large majority mm thick, lower ~ oblanceoloid, upper Y3 of Ridley's species are treated in this article; subulate, 4-6-angled, the body sides smooth, and the few remaining ones will be illustrated later with exposed fibers; pileus 10-11 mm and described in subsequent parts when -rheir long, of a lower half narrowly conic-pyramidal , type specimens have been located and studied. the surface smooth , sharply angled, the angles continuing along the stout subulate style form SECTION A crostigma ing the upper half, arcuate proximally; stigma 3 mm long, linear, in a distal cleft running al Pandanus auramiacus Ridl., Roy. Asiat. Soc., most to the apex; endocarp centering in lower Straits Branch, Jour. 41: 49 (1 904) = Y3 , and 7-8 mm long, the walls pale, 0.3 mm 1903; Fl. Malay Penin. 5: 81, 1925 ; thick ; apical mesocarp a broad cavern 2 mm Martelli, Webbia 4 (2 ): r, 30, figs. lO long ; basal mesocarp fibrous up the sides, fleshy 13,1914; (sect. A crostigma ) within. Fig. 172 EXPANDED DESCRIPTION: Shrub to 5 m tall; stem with the leaf scars inconspicuous; prop DIAGNOSIS OF LECTOTYPE: "Large branching roots 60 em long; leaves to 2 m long, 4- 5 em shrub with stems 3.6 m. tall, 5-7.5 em. through"; wide, above clear green, below paler and glau leaves "glaucous green"; the lower bracteal leaf cous; foliage leaves little broadened at base, 1.26 m long, 4.2 em wide, coriaceous, l-ribbed the margins beginning at 4 em up with pr ickles 1 B. P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu 17, Hawaii, 1.6-2 mm long, 2- 5 mm apart, stout subulate, U. S. A. Manuscript received July 19, 196 1. ascending; the midrib below beginning at 9 329 (.I I,: ~ III'" <J ,ll hI'I'" III II,"I E [ ..<J o E <J e col o ~~ , o I FIG. 172. Pandanus aurantiacus Rid!., from lectotype. a, Infructescence, X ~; b, drupe, lateral view, X 1; c, drupe, longitud inal median section, X 1; d, drupe, lateral view, X 4; e, drupe, longitudinal median section, X 4; t. drupe, style, and stigma, apical view, X 4; g, leaf base, lower side, X 1; b, leaf middle, lower side, X 1; i, leaf apex, lower side, X 1. Page 274 : Revision of Pandanus, 15. Malaya-ST. JOHN 331 cm with prickles 3-3.5 mm long, 8-20 mm braeted; syncarp 3 cm long, 2.5 cm in diameter, apart, very stout subulate, strongly reflexed; pis subglobose, beari ng about 88 drupes, these tillate scape 15-40 cm long, bearing 3- 9 syn 14-15 mm long, 4- 5 mm wide, 3-4 mm thick , carps, these 5-7 cm long; drupes very hard until the body ellipsoid to obovoid , 5-6-angled, 10 ripe when they become bright reddish otange mm long; pileus with the base 3.5-4 mm high, and soft. semiorbicular or slightly narrowe r, rather LECTOTYPE : Singapore, Bukit Timah [Bukit smooth, but with longitudinal ridges and lines; Mandai Road}, 1894, H . N. R [idley}, (SING). style 4- 5 mm long, abruptly subulate, angled, Specimen examined and herein designated as sharply proximally curved, bony; stigma 3-4 lectotype. mm long, elliptic-linear, brown, papillose, ex SPECIMENS EXAMINED : Singapore, Pasir Pan tending to the tip ; endocarp centering in lower jang, 17 Oct. 1912, 1. H. Burkill & M. R. H en VI but extending to the base, the walls 0.1 mm derson 6,802 ( BO, SING). Malaya: Johore, Pulau thick, cartilaginous, stramineous; seed 7.5-8 mm Kukub, 1904, H. N. Ridley (pararype); (SING). long, lance-obovoid; upper mesocarp an oblate Ridley, when publishing this species, cited hemisphere, filled with white medullary mem three collections and mentioned Sarawak, but branes; basal mesocarp fibrous up the sides, did not designate a holotype. The most com fleshy within, sparse. plete of his original specimens is here chosen LECTOTYPE : Malaya, Kedah, Kedah Peak, as the lectotype. woods, 1893, H. N. R[idley} , (SING ) . Specimen examined and here designated as lectotype! Pandanus collinus Ridl., Mater. Fl. Malay Penin. DISCUSSION: P. collinas belongs in the section 2: 228, 1907; Fl. Malay Penin. 5: 79, A crostigma. It was described by Ridley from 1925; Martelli, Webb ia 4 ( 1) : 10, 1913; three collections from Malaya. The best of these (sect. Acr.ostigma) and the one labeled P. collinus! by Ridley is here chosen as the lectotype. Contrasting dif Fig. 173 ferences are given for this in our treatment of DIAGNOSIS OF LECTOTYPE : Shrub 1.2-2.1 m P. alticola. tall; stem at summit 6 mm in diameter, brown ish, smooth ; leaves 25-45 cm long, 8-11 mm Pandanus glaucophyllus Ridl., Roy. Asiar, Soc., wide, firm chartaceous, apparently pale green Straits Branch, Jour. 41: 50, (1 904) = on both sides and flat except near the base 1903; (sect. A crostigma ) where 2-pleated, l-ribbed, above unarmed, at Fig. 174 the middle with 10-11 secondary parallel veins in each half, below the tertiary cross veins DIAGNOSIS OF HOLOTYPE: "Stems 3-4 m. tall. barely visible, gradually narrow ed in the last 12-25 mm. in diameter," the internodes brown 10 cm to a subulate tip 15-20 mm long and to yellowish,' smooth , mostly higher than the 0.6-0.8 mm wide, the base amplexicaul, un nodes; leaves 52-60 "or more" cm long, near ar m ed, blackish purple, beginning at 2 cm the base about 4 em wide, near the apex 5.7-6.5 from the base the margins with prickles 0.7-1 cm wide, appearing narrowly oblong, rather mm long, 3-7 mm apart, subulate, ascending, flaccid and when dry chartaceous, glaucous, 1 yellowish but red-tipped; the midrib below un ribbed but 2-pleated and in section low M armed to well beyond the middl e; at mid shaped, the secondary para llel veins conspicuous section the margins with subulate tipped ser and 34 of them in each half, the apex abruptly rulations 0.2-0.3 mm long, 1.5- 3 mm apart, contracted to a 6-7 em trigonus subulare caudate appressed ascending, red-tipped; near the apex prolongation which near its base is 1 mm wide, the margins with serrulations 0.1-0.2 mm long, the base of the blade amplexicaul and unarmed, 0,3-0.5 mm apart; the midrib below with ser but beginn ing at 4 em up the margins with rulations 0.2-0.3 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm apart; prickl es 0.5-0.8 mm long, 1-3 mm apart, slen pistillate inflorescence terminal, erect, bearing der subulate, pale, ascending or diverging and 1 head; peduncle 8 em long, 3 mm in diame ter, some of them doubles or triples; the midrib , ~j o ! FIG. 173. Pandanus coUinus Rid!., from lectotype. a, Habit and syncarp, X 1; b, drupe, lateral view, X 1; c, drupe, longitudinal median section,X 1; d, drupe, lateral view, X 4; e, drupe, longitudinal median section, X 4; I, drupe, style, and stigma, apical view, X 4; g, style and stigma, distal view, X 10; b, leaf base, lower side, X 1; t, leaf middle, lower side, X 1; j, leaf apex, lower side, X 1. oI (~ c ~ u ..o a I sm rn.