DOCSLIB.ORG

2020 Minutes of the Annual Sessions of the New England Yearly Meeting of Friends

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2020 Minutes of the Annual Sessions of the New England Yearly Meeting of Friends 2020 Minutes of the Annual Sessions of the New England Yearly Meeting of Friends Three Hundred Sixtieth Year August 1–9, 2020 901 PLEASANT STREET, WORCESTER, MA 01602 | 508-754-6760 | NEYM.ORg | [email protected] Table of Contents Sessions. 4 Schedule . 4 Elders Serving to Support Ministry at Sessions This Year . 5 2020 Sessions Coordinators, Officers, Speakers and YM Staff . 5 Minutes ................................................................ 6 Minutes of the Annual Sessions . 6 FY21 Approved Budget . 23 Approved Nominating Slate ................................................32 Annual Reports ......................................................... 36 Staff Reports . 36 Committee and Board Reports . 40 Reports of Representatives to Other Quaker Organizations . 51 Memorial Minutes ........................................................53 Epistles ................................................................76 Index ..................................................................81 2020 Annual Sessions Schedule* Saturday, August 1–Sunday, August 9 via Zoom teleconference Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 7:00–8:00 Home Groups 7–8 a.m. Home Groups 7–8 a.m. 8:30–10:00 JYM/Family Circle 8:30–9 a.m JYM/Family Circle 8:30–9 a.m 10:00– 10–11:30 10–noon 10–11:30 10–11:30 10–11:30 10–11:30 10–11:30 10–11:30 noon Opening Adult Worship Memorial Meeting Meeting for Meeting for Meeting for Meeting for Worship & Celebration 10–10:45 Business Business Business Business Closing 10:45–noon JYM/JHYM Worship 11–1 p.m 11–1 p.m Celebrations Young Friends JHYM/Young Friends Young Friends Young Friends Worship 11:30-1 11:30–1 10:45–11:30 JHYM JHYM JHYM 11–noon YF/YAF Young Friends Pgm 12 noon Bible Half-Hour Bible Half-Hour 1:30–2:30 1:30–2:30 Home Groups 1:30–2:30 1:30–2:30 1:30–2:30 1:30–2:30 1:30–2:30 Home Groups Home Groups Home Groups Home Groups Home Groups JYM Pgm JYM Pgm 2:45–4:30 Meeting for 3–4:30 3–4:30 3–4:30 3–4:30 Plenary Business YAF Pgm YAF Pgm YAF Pgm YAF Pgm 2:45–4:15 Sabbath Wednesday 2:45–4:15 3–5 3–5 Young Friends Young Friends JHYM JHYM 4:30–7:30 4:30–5:30 Home Groups 4:30–5:30 Home Groups 5:30–6:30 Home Groups 5:30–6:30 Home Groups 6:30 JYM 6:30 JYM 6:30–9 JYM 6:30 7:15 JYM Vespers (Families Welcome) 7:15 JYM Vespers Coffeehouse 7:15 JYM Vespers 7:30–9 7:30–8:30 7:30–8:30 YAF 7:30–8:30 7:30–8:30 7:30–8:30 7:30–8:30 YAF Affinity YAF Affinity YAF Affinity YAF Affinity YAF Affinity YAF Affinity 7:45–9 JHYM Parent Fellowship 7:45–9 JHYM Parent Fellowship 8:00–9 7:45–9 JHYM 8:00–9 7:45–9 8:00–9 7:45–9 Home Groups 8:00–9 Home Groups JHYM Home Groups JHYM Home Groups 8–9:30 8:00–9 8–9:30 8:00–9 8–9:30 Young Friends Home Groups Young Friends Home Groups Young Friends 8–9:30 8–9:30 Young Friends Young Friends 9:00 YAF Gathering 9–10 YAF Gathering 9–10 10:00 YAF Affinity 10–11 YAF Affinity 10–11 *Adapted from the brochure mailed to New England Friends, designed by Pixels and Pulp Elders Serving to Support Ministry at Sessions This Year In Friends tradition, an Elder supports, encourages and challenges the minister and helps them to be faithful. During prepara- tion and during our week together, these individuals are holding and grounding specific Friends in their work and ministry. Elders for Cherice Bock: Dove John (Sierra Cascades YM), Mary Hopkins (Fresh Pond), and Jean Rosenberg (Middlebury) Elders for Amanda Kemp: Ruth Hazzard (Mt. Toby), LVM Shelton (Plainfield), and Polly Attwood (FMC) Elders for Bruce Neumann: Jacqueline Stillwell (Monadnock), Callid Keefe-Perry (Fresh Pond), and Jessica Hipp (Fresh Pond) 2020 Sessions Coordinators, Officers, Speakers and YM Staff Accounts Manager Frederick Martin* Bible Half Hour Speaker Cherice Bock Clerks Bruce Neumann (presiding), Peter Bishop, and Marian Dalton (recording), John Humphries and Gina Nortonsmith (reading) Events Coordinator Elizabeth Hacala* Home Group Planning Team Lisa Graustein, Holly Baldwin, Honor Woodrow, Newell Isbell-Shinn, Rebecca Leuchak, Nia Thomas, Kristin Wilson Office Manager Sara Hubner* Pastoral Care Team Leader Abigail Matchette Plenary Speaker Dr. Amanda Kemp Sessions Committee Clerk Rebecca Leuchak Technology Team David Coletta, Elizabeth Hacala, Jennifer Swann, Sara Hubner Treasurer Shearman Taber Yearly Meeting Secretary Noah Merrill* 2020 Youth Program Coordinators and Staff Junior Yearly Meeting Junior High Yearly Meeting oung Friends Coord: Gretchen Baker-Smith* Coord: Gretchen Baker-Smith* Coord: Maggie Nelson* Kenzie Burpee Buddy Baker-Smith Melissa Brown Nora Catlin Steve Ball Allon Dubler Janet Dawson Dave Baxter Christopher Fitze Pamela Drouin Lilly Campbell Abby Kelly Charlotte Gorham Emily Edwards Felice Lopez Anna Lindo Sara Hubner Noel Potter Cynthia Rankin Adam Kohrman Nora Spicer Laura Street Doug Lippincott Lynn Taber Young Adult Friends Lianna Tennal Y Coords: Emi Link and Stefan Walker Brynn Keevil *Staff 6 Minutes Minutes of the Annual Sessions Clerk’s note: Because of the global COVID-19 pandemic, New England Yearly Meeting Annual Sessions in 2020 were held online. Zoom video-conferencing software was used to enable connections from Friends’ households. While many Friends had used Zoom for committee meetings and for monthly meeting worship and business during the months before Sessions, this Annual Session was our first experience with large-scale meetings by video conference. Minutes approved during Sessions: 2020-1 through-6, 2020-18, -30, 34, -35, and -40. The remaining minutes were approved by Permanent Board at their September and October 2020 meetings. Opening Celebration, Saturday Morning, August 1, 2020 2020-1 Opening and Welcome A slideshow of photos from meetings around New England was displayed as people entered our virtual space. Presiding clerk Bruce Neumann (Fresh Pond) welcomed everyone by singing Row On. He then acknowledged the indigenous lands where Yearly Meeting member meetings are situated. Having displayed a map of tradi- tional tribal lands, he asked us to enter into chat those lands on which each of us is currently located. 2020-2 Introductions The presiding clerk introduced members of the clerks’ table, the tech team, and the pastoral care team. • Recording clerks: Peter Bishop (Northampton), Marian Dalton (Brunswick) • Reading clerks: Gina Nortonsmith (Northampton), John Humphries (Hartford) • Tech team: David Coletta (Beacon Hill), Jennifer Swann (South Berkshire), Kathy Malin (Smithfield), Elizabeth Hacala, Kathleen Wooten (Fresh Pond), Bob O’Connor (Vassalboro), Will Taber (Fresh Pond), Sara Hubner (Gonic), Brenda Nolan (West Falmouth), Jonah Sutton-Morse (Concord) • Pastoral Care team: Abby Matchette (Burlington), Laura Hoskins (Putney), Caroline Stone (Wellesley), Elizabeth Szatkowski (Portland). The clerk also noted that, as is our past practice, there are and will be a number of prayerful presences holding the body of the Yearly Meeting during times of worship and business. The following Friends acted as elders during the week: Allison Randall (Keene), Janet Hough (Cobscook), Kathy Olsen (East Sandwich), Carl Williams (Plainfield), Minga Claggett-Borne (Cambridge), Fran Brokaw (Hanover), Joyce Gibson (Durham), Martha Sheldon (Durham), Marian Baker (Weare), Eleanor Godway (Hartford), Hugh MacArthur (Hanover) The clerk reviewed basic Zoom practices for us to follow during the meeting and let us know how to contact someone for technical assistance . 2020-3 Roll Call Reading clerks called the roll of meetings by quarter, asking those from each meeting to unmute themselves and say hello as their meeting was called. (268 Zoom connections were logged in.) Despite this being an elec- tronic process, attenders relished the opportunity to greet the gathered body . 2020-4 Acknowledgements The clerk acknowledged the work of the many people in a wide variety of capacities whose efforts contribut- ed to making these Sessions possible. New England Yearly Meeting 2020 7 2020-5 New Babies, First-Time Attendees, and Visitors We celebrated any new babies among us and welcomed first-time attendees. Throughout the week the follow- ing visitors were introduced and welcomed: Cherice Bock, North Valley Friends Church, Sierra-Cascades Yearly Meeting Kirsten Bohl, North Carolina Yearly Meeting Conservative S.Y. Bowland, Morningside Monthly Meeting, New York Yearly Meeting Olivia Brangan, Wrightstown Meeting, Philadelphia Yearly Meeting Hilary Burgin, Quaker Voluntary Service Dove John, North Valley Friends Church, Sierra-Cascades Yearly Meeting Elaine Emily, Strawberry Creek Monthly Meeting, Pacific Yearly Meeting Lilia Fick, Ottawa Monthly Meeting, Canada Yearly Meeting Melanie Gifford, Adelphi Friends Meeting, Baltimore Yearly Meeting Mary Kay Glazer, Greenville Friends Meeting, North Carolina Yearly Meeting Conservative Karen Gonzalez, Iglesia Evangelica Amigos de El Salvador Jesse Grace, West Richmond (IN) Friends Meeting, New Association of Friends Katie Green, Clearwater Monthly Meeting, Southeastern Yearly Meeting Nancy Haines, Durham Friends Meeting, North Carolina Yearly Meeting Conservative David Haines, Durham Friends Meeting, North Carolina Yearly Meeting Conservative Mey Hasbrook, Kalamazoo Monthly Meeting, Lake Erie Yearly Meeting McKenna Hayden, camper at Farm & Wilderness (Virginia) Jennifer Higgins-Newman, Beacon Hill Monthly Meeting, Beacon Hill Friends House Faith Josephs, Charlotte Friends Meeting, Piedmont Friends Yearly Meeting, FGC Associate Secretary for Development Sarah Kennedy, Friends Committee on National Legislation Allison Kirkegaard, Pacific Yearly
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Afro-Descendants, Discrimination and Economic Exclusion in Latin America by Margarita Sanchez and Maurice Bryan, with MRG Partners
    macro study Afro-descendants, Discrimination and Economic Exclusion in Latin America By Margarita Sanchez and Maurice Bryan, with MRG partners Executive summary Also, Afro-descendants do not have a significant voice in the This macro study addresses the economic exclusion of people planning, design or implementation of the policies and activi- of African descent (Afro-descendants) in Latin America. It ties that directly affect their lives and regions. This is an aims to examine how and why race and ethnicity contribute to important omission; while Afro-descendant populations may the disproportionately high levels of poverty and economic dis- be materially poor, they have a rich cultural heritage and access crimination in most Afro-descendant communities, and how to key natural resources. Development strategies need to recog- to promote change. nize the historical, social and cultural complexity of There are clear links between Afro-descendant communi- Afro-descendants’ poverty and consult them on the most cul- ties and poverty, however there is a need for disaggregated data turally appropriate means of achieving positive change. to provide a more precise picture, and to enable better plan- The views of Afro-descendants are central to much of the ning and financing of development programmes for this highly information used in this study, which uses a rights-based marginalized group. approach. The study explains some of the causes and conse- A prime cause for the lack of quantitative material, is that quences of Afro-descendants’ exclusion, and offers donors and governments have only recently begun to acknowl- recommendations for a more inclusive minority rights-based edge Afro-descendant populations’ existence.
    [Show full text]
  • Chicana/Os Disarticulating Euromestizaje By
    (Dis)Claiming Mestizofilia: Chicana/os Disarticulating Euromestizaje By Agustín Palacios A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Laura E. Pérez, Chair Professor José Rabasa Professor Nelson Maldonado-Torres Universtiy of California, Berkeley Spring 2012 Copyright by Agustín Palacios, 2012 All Rights Reserved. Abstract (Dis)Claiming Mestizofilia: Chicana/os Disarticulating Euromestizaje by Agustín Palacios Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies University of California, Berkeley Professor Laura E. Pérez, Chair This dissertation investigates the development and contradictions of the discourse of mestizaje in its key Mexican ideologues and its revision by Mexican American or Chicana/o intellectuals. Great attention is given to tracing Mexico’s dominant conceptions of racial mixing, from Spanish colonization to Mexico’s post-Revolutionary period. Although mestizaje continues to be a constant point of reference in U.S. Latino/a discourse, not enough attention has been given to how this ideology has been complicit with white supremacy and the exclusion of indigenous people. Mestizofilia, the dominant mestizaje ideology formulated by white and mestizo elites after Mexico’s independence, proposed that racial mixing could be used as a way to “whiten” and homogenize the Mexican population, two characteristics deemed necessary for the creation of a strong national identity conducive to national progress. Mexican intellectuals like Vicente Riva Palacio, Andrés Molina Enríquez, José Vasconcelos and Manuel Gamio proposed the remaking of the Mexican population through state sponsored European immigration, racial mixing for indigenous people, and the implementation of public education as a way to assimilate the population into European culture.
    [Show full text]
  • TAMECA JONES Feel Lucky with 2018’S Best Female Vocalist at the Palm Door This Saturday
    SXSW MVP: TAMECA JONES Feel Lucky With 2018’s Best Female Vocalist at the Palm Door This Saturday PHOTO BY TODD V. WOLFSON GETTING AROUND SXSW ONLINE GUIDES > AUSTINCHRONICLE.COM/SXSW We round up your transporta- tion options, from rideshare PUBLISHER Nick Barbaro EDITORIAL to public transit to pedicabs. EDITOR Kimberley Jones NEWS Chase Hoffberger SXSW FILM VENUES GUIDE ARTS Robert Faires FOOD Jessi Cape Where to go, how to get SCREENS Richard Whittaker MUSIC Raoul Hernandez there, and how to navigate WEB James Renovitch the lines. CHRON EVENTS LISTINGS MANAGER, CLUB LISTINGS Mark Fagan SXSW MUSIC VENUES GUIDE ARTS LISTINGS & MEAL TIMES Wayne Alan The scoop on Austin’s clubs. Brenner SPECIAL SCREENINGS, SHOWTIMES, 2018 & COMMUNITY LISTINGS Josh Kupecki RESTAURANT GUIDE GAY PLACE & CIVICS LISTINGS Sarah Marloff 2,000+ ways to feed your STAFF WRITERS face, searchable by cuisine, Kevin Curtin, Nina Hernandez, Michael King, Mary Tuma location, and price. CONTRIBUTING WRITERS FILM Marjorie Baumgarten THE QUEER GUIDE TO SXSW FAR FLUNG CORRESPONDENCE Emily Beyda DAY TRIPS Gerald E. McLeod A rundown of all things MR. SMARTY PANTS R.U. Steinberg LGBTQIA – official and unoffi- PRODUCTION cial – during the Fest. ART DIRECTOR Jason Stout PRODUCTION MANAGER Chris Linnen WEB DIRECTOR Brian Barry UNOFFICIAL PARTIES DIGITAL STRATEGY Michael Bartnett GRAPHIC DESIGNERS Zeke Barbaro, Jeff Gammill AND FREE SHOWS STAFF PHOTOGRAPHERS John Anderson, Now entering the wristband- Jana Birchum, David Brendan Hall free zone. PROOFREADERS Kat McNevins, Greg Stitt, Danielle White INTERNS Acacia Coronado, Ben Dickerson, VISITORS GUIDE Alyssa Frost, Christina Garcia, Mae Hamilton, Savannah Opre, Mikaila Rushing, Monserrat Fiji mermaids.
    [Show full text]
  • The Presence of Africa in the Caribbean, the Antilles and the United States Other Books in the Research and Ideas Series
    RESEARCH AND IDEAS SERIES History The Presence of Africa in the Caribbean, www.gfddpublications.org - www.globalfoundationdd.org - www.funglode.org the Antilles and the United States Celsa Albert Batista - Patrick Bellegarde-Smith - Delia Blanco - Lipe Collado RESEARCH AND IDEAS SERIES Franklin Franco - Jean Ghasmann Bissainthe - José Guerrero - Rafael Jarvis Luis Education Mateo Morrison - Melina Pappademos - Odalís G. Pérez - Geo Ripley Health José Luis Sáez - Avelino Stanley - Dario Solano - Roger Toumson Urban Development History THE PRESENCE OF AFRICA IN THE CARIBBEAN, THE ANTILLES AND THE UNITED StatES Other books in the Research and Ideas Series: Distance Education and Challenges by Heitor Gurgulino de Souza El Metro and the Impacts of Transportation System Integration in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic by Carl Allen The Presence of Africa in the Caribbean, the Antilles and the United States Celsa Albert Batista Patrick Bellegarde-Smith Delia Blanco Lipe Collado Franklin Franco Jean Ghasmann Bissainthe José Guerrero Rafael Jarvis Luis Mateo Morrison Melina Pappademos Odalís G. Pérez Geo Ripley José Luis Sáez Avelino Stanley Dario Solano Roger Toumson RESEARCH AND IDEAS SERIES History This is a publication of gfdd and funglode Global Foundation for Democracy and Development www.globalfoundationdd.org Fundación Global Democracia y Desarrollo www.funglode.org The Presence of Africa in the Caribbean, the Antilles and the United States Copyright @ 2012 by GFDD-FUNGLODE All rights Reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. ISBN: 978-9945-412-74-1 Printed by World Press in the USA Editor-in-Chief Graphic Design Natasha Despotovic Maria Montas Marta Massano Supervising Editor Semiramis de Miranda Collaborators Yamile Eusebio Style Editor Asunción Sanz Kerry Stefancyk Translator Maureen Meehan www.gfddpublications.org Table of Contents Foreword ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Adopting the American Racial Lens: a History of Mexican Migration to Chicago from the Town of Arandas, Jalisco1 by Ricardo Alvarez-Pimental, University of Chicago ‘12
    Adopting the American Racial Lens: A history of Mexican migration to Chicago from the town of Arandas, Jalisco1 By Ricardo Alvarez-Pimental, University of Chicago ‘12 Introduction: Migration and Its E!ects on Notions of Race returning migrant also cited whiteness when reminiscing about and Community his baby boy who had been born and died in the United States: During his interview with researcher Paul S. Taylor in “He was good— he was white.”2 In the notes accompanying November of 1931, a young man who had recently returned to his interview transcripts, Taylor observed that the terminology the Mexican town of Arandas, Jalisco after working for the steel employed by both of these individuals indicated a direct industry in Chicago was asked if the people of his community American in"uence upon their racial outlook. !ese men were good people (buena gente). “Yes, they are”, he responded, of predominantly “Spanish type”, as Taylor described them, “and that is because they are white”. Similarly, another used the familiar distinguishing term “white” (or blanco) as it was customarily employed by white Americans to describe themselves in the Spanish language while in the presence of large numbers of Mexican laborers.3 1 A special ‘thank-you’ to Mrs. Carol Montag and the Montag Family for their generous award which made possible my study of the Paul S. Taylor Manuscript Collection at the Bancroft Library of the University of California Berkeley in the summer 2 Paul S. Taylor, A Spanish-Mexican Peasant Community: Arandas of 2011. I would also like to acknowledge !omas C.
    [Show full text]
  • Elementary School Teachers' Instructional Behavior in Mathematics Problem Solving: a Comparative Study
    DOCUMENT RESUME SE 054 505 ED 373 962 AUTHOR Zambo, Ron; Hong, Eunsook Instructional Behavior in TITLE Elementary School Teachers' Mathematics Problem Solving: AComparative Study. PUB DATE Apr 94 Meeting of the NOTE 17p.; Paper presented at the Annual American Educational ResearchAssociation (New Orleans, LA, April 5-8,1994). Reports PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) Research /Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. Comparative Education; DESCRIPTORS Beliefs; Comparative Analysis; Cross Cultural Studies; ElementaryEducation; *Elementary School Teachers; ForeignCountries; *Mathematics Instruction; *ProblemSolving; Questionnaires; *Teacher Attitudes;*Teaching Methods; *Time Management IDENTIFIERS Arizona (Phoenix); South Korea ABSTRACT The results of the InternationalAssessment of Educational Progress released inFebruary 1992 indicate that in mathematics and science the UnitedStates ranks near the bottom, the while South Korea and Taiwan rankat the top. This paper compares nature of mathematicalproblem-solving instruction in Korean elementary schools to that inAmerican elementary scnools. Questionnaires that attempt to determineteachers' use of instructional strategies to promoteproblem solving, teachers' perceptions of the usefulness ofspecific problem-solving strategies, teachers' confidence in using thosestrategies, and beliefs concerning specific recommendationsfor problem-solving instruction were given to 164Korean teachers from 7 urbanpublic elementary schools (grade levels 1-6) in Seouland 195 American teachers of grade levels 1-6 from 10 elementaryschools from school districts in Phoenix, Arizona. Korean and Americanteachers reported similar amounts of time spent each week onmathematics instruction and problem solving; however the Koreanschool year is 44 days longer than the American school year.Korean teachers perceived textbooks as being more useful for problem-solvinginstruction, used less student grouping as an instructionaltechnique, and used manipulatives less frequently.
    [Show full text]
  • Mestizo) Identity and Other Mestizo Voices Ellis Hurd University of Northern Iowa
    University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate College 2008 The eflexr ivity of pain and privilege: An autoethnography of (Mestizo) identity and other Mestizo voices Ellis Hurd University of Northern Iowa Copyright ©2008 Ellis Hurd Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits oy u Recommended Citation Hurd, Ellis, "The eflexr ivity of pain and privilege: An autoethnography of (Mestizo) identity and other Mestizo voices" (2008). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 739. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/739 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE REFLEXIVITY OF PAIN AND PRIVILEGE: AN AUTOETHNOGRAPHY OF (MESTIZO) IDENTITY AND OTHER MESTIZO VOICES A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education Approved: Dr. John K. Smith, Chair Dr. Kurt S. Meredith, Committee Member Dr. Lynn E. Nielsen, Committee Member Dr. Deborah L. Tidwell, Committee Member Dr. Tammy S. Gregersen, Committee Member Ellis Hurd University of Northern Iowa December 2008 UMI Number: 3343925 Copyright 2008 by Hurd, Ellis All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.
    [Show full text]
  • CA Diss Final1
    THE NICARAGUAN BLACK LEGEND: VIOLENCE AND NICARAGUANS IN COSTA RICA, 1821-1956 BY Carlos Enrique Alemán A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY History 2012 ABSTRACT THE NICARAGUAN BLACK LEGEND: VIOLENCE AND NICARAGUANS IN COSTA RICA, 1821-1956 By Carlos Enrique Alemán This dissertation is a transnational history that examines the perception of Nicaraguan immigrants in Costa Rica through their social, political and labor practices from independence to the mid-twentieth century. My dissertation examines the interplay between violence and nation- state formation and its impact on national identities. By analyzing the role of foreign relations, interregional politics and immigration in the construction of national identity, I argue that the deployment of violence by various actors influenced the perception of Nicaraguan immigrants as inherently violent at the turn of the twentieth century, a characterization that affects migration into the contemporary period. Importantly, I argue that Nicaraguans played a critical role in the formation of the modern Costa Rican state in the 1930s and 1940s through their involvement with the Costa Rican Communist Party and the civil war of 1948. I argue that violence, its symbolic and physical manifestations, were not absent in Costa Rica. Costa Rican violence manifested itself in different ways, through repression of labor struggles and opposition groups, the deportation of immigrants and exiles, and war making. Costa Rican violence expressed itself rhetorically against opponents it deemed threats, primarily communists and Nicaraguans, casting them as outsiders of the Costa Rican nation. Costa Ricans have historically defined themselves largely in contrast to Nicaraguans who they stereotyped as violent troublemakers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Socioeconomic Advantages of Mestizos in Urban Peru
    The Socioeconomic Advantages of Mestizos in Urban Peru Word Count: 9,900 Abstract In Peru, the racial/ethnic category mestizo refers to mixed-race people. The mestizo category, however, presents several analytic challenges. At first, the boundaries of the mestizo group are blurry due to the phenotypic diversity of mestizos. Furthermore, while most Peruvians identify themselves as mestizos, many do not recognize the mestizo status of others who claim the same identity. Nonetheless, the prominence of the mestizo racial/ethnic condition in the mainstream discourse and the prevalence of the dynamics of mestizaje justify the use of these categories in racial/ethnic studies. In this article, I interpret the self-reported race/ethnic identity following a cultural definition of the mestizo group. I also analyze racial/ethnic socioeconomic differences in urban Peru using survey data. I find evidence of significant advantages favoring the mestizo group over the Quechua and Aymara indigenous groups with respect to education and income. The Socioeconomic Advantages of Mestizos in Urban Peru 2 The Socioeconomic Advantages of Mestizos in Urban Peru As other Latin-American countries, Peru is characterized by racial/ethnic diversity. The formal/official racial/ethnic categories are mestizos (for mixed-race people), indigenous (mainly for the Andean ethnic groups Quechua and Aymara , and the Amazonian ethnic groups), whites, blacks (negro/mulato/zambo ) and Asians. This diversity is determined by the degree of Indo- Latin American physical traits (evident in the vast majority of Peruvians), by the degree of whiteness from the Spanish legacy, and by the influence of other ethnicities, such as the African and the Asian heritages.
    [Show full text]
  • ED 041 980 PUB DATE AVAILABLE from EARS PRICE IDENTIFIERS DOCUMENT RESUME UD 010 458 a Forgotten American: a Resource Unit for T
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 041 980 UD 010 458 AUTHOR Hernandez, Luis F. TITLE A Forgotten American: A Resource Unit forTeachers on the Mexican American. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DHEW) Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 69 NOTE 56p. AVAILABLE FROM Anti-Defamation League of Binai B'rith, 315 Lexington Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016 ($0.75) EARS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.25 HC-$2.90 DESCRIPTORS Acculturation, Classroom Techniques, *Cultural Background, Cultural Differences, CultureConflict, Curriculum Enrichment, Mexican American History, *Mexican Americans, Program Development,*Racial Characteristics, Reinforcement, *Resource Materials, Self Concept, Spanish Speaking, *TeachingGuides IDENTIFIERS Chicano Power ABSTRACT This guide for teachers on the MexicanAmerican provides information as to their origin andbackground, history, and culture, their acculturation through time, theconflicting values they possess in relation to those ofAnglo-Americans, tneir family structure, the characteristics ofMexican-American students, and "Chicano Power." Treatment of these areasis supplemented by detailed suggestions for coping with the student. Thesesuggestions refer to determination of reading, spelling, and reasoninglevels; overcoming the lack of true reinforcement of learning;development of a meaningfu:, program within the establishedcurriculum; maintenance of discipline; overcoming negative self concept; useof positive approaches; use of the cultural difference amongstudents for the benefit of the students; communicating with theparents of students; and, expansion of curricula to includethe culture, heritage, and other contributions of Mexican Americans.Also included in this guide are a list of recommendedreadings, a survey of Mexican history, a chronological outline of Mexican history, a selectbibliography of Mexican history and culture, and sources forfurther information. (RJ) c) Co cr um, A ForgottenAmerican: A Resource Unit for Teacherson the Mexican American by Luis F.
    [Show full text]
  • Indians and Mestizos in The“Lettered City”
    Indians and Mestizos in the “Lettered City” Reshaping Justice, Social Hierarchy, and Political Culture in Colonial Peru i Alcira Dueñas I Indians and Mestizos in the “Lettered City” Indians and Mestizos in the “Lettered City” Reshaping Justice, Social Hierarchy, and Political Culture in Colonial Peru i Alcira Dueñas I University Press of Colorado © 2010 by the University Press of Colorado Published by the University Press of Colorado 5589 Arapahoe Avenue, Suite 206C Boulder, Colorado 80303 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America The University Press of Colorado is a proud member of the Association of American University Presses. The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing enterprise supported, in part, by Adams State College, Colorado State University, Fort Lewis College, Mesa State College, Metro- politan State College of Denver, University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado, and Western State College of Colorado. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48-1992 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dueñas, Alcira, 1954– Indians and mestizos in the lettered city : reshaping justice, social hierarchy, and political culture in colonial Peru / Alcira Dueñas. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-60732-018-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-60732-019-7 (electronic book : alk. paper) 1. Indians of South America—Peru—Politics and government. 2. Mestizos—Peru— Politics and government. 3. Indian authors—Peru—History. 4. Peruvian literature—Indian authors—History and criticism. 5. Learning and scholarship—Peru—History.
    [Show full text]
  • Sold out Our Guarantee
    Edward R. Hamilton Bookseller Company • Falls Village, Connecticut June 19, 2015 All Items in This Catalog Are $4.95 or Less! 7585934 PARTY GIRL. By Pat Tucker. Novel. 7626835 THE GIFTED. By Ann H. Gabhart. 7619251 SPELL BOUND. By Kelley Hope Donovan never pulled the trigger, but a Novel. Jessamine Brady has been in the Armstrong. Novel. Savannah Levine is a simple choice landed her behind bars—on Shaker Village for half her life, but she still knockout paranormal investigator endowed Texas’ death row. Her case was catapulted to an struggles to conform to its strict rules. When with an array of spells. In the wake of a case that international platform and became a symbol in Tristan Cooper steps in from the outside cost innocent lives and destroyed a family, the debate over capital punishment. Now the world, enticing her into that forbidden realm, someone has taken it upon themselves to steal world is confused between two conflicting it isn’t long before Jessamine’s life is turned Savannah’s powers. Their goal: destroy her and images of the young mother. Book Club Edition. upside down. Book Club Edition. 436 pages. the supernatural world. Book Club Edition. 300 pages. Strebor. $2.95 Revell. SOLD OUT $2.95 325 pages. Dutton. Orig. Pub. at $25.95 $1.95 7571763 THE MERMAID COLLECTOR. 7606230 CURRANT CREEK VALLEY. By 7576102 A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE By Erika Marks. LARGE PRINT EDITION. RaeAnne Thayne. Novel. Alexandra prefers a PRIVATE LIFE OF ELIZABETH II. By Michael Novel. Cradle Harbor, Maine, is a town life of workdays and short-term relationships, Paterson.
    [Show full text]