DOCSLIB.ORG

Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place - Carlsbad Caverns

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place - Carlsbad Caverns Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place - Carlsbad Caverns Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place A Historic Resource Study of Carlsbad Caverns and Guadalupe Mountains National Parks and the Surrounding Areas by Hal K. Rothman Daniel Holder, Research Associate 1998 Department of the Interior National Park Service Washington, DC Continue Last Updated: 22-April-2003 http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/CarlsbadCav/[12/14/2012 12:49:22 PM] Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place - Carlsbad Caverns - Table of Contents Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place A Historic Resource Study of Carlsbad Caverns and Guadalupe Mountains National Parks and the Surrounding Areas by Hal K. Rothman Daniel Holder, Research Associate 1998 Department of the Interior National Park Service Washington, DC TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Page Acknowledgements, Executive Summary List of Illustrations, List of Maps Introduction Maps Chapter 1: From Prehistory to European Contact Chapter 2: The Spanish and Mexican Era Chapter 3: The American Appearance Chapter 4: The Military Seeks Control Chapter 5: Vectors of Settlement Photos 1 http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/CarlsbadCav/toc.htm[12/14/2012 12:49:26 PM] Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place - Carlsbad Caverns - Table of Contents Photos 2 Chapter 6: Aspirations and Realities Chapter 7: A Stronger Federal Presence Chapter 8: Carlsbad Caverns in the Post-War Era Chapter 9: A Southern Cornerstone in a Subregion: Guadalupe Mountains National Park Epilogue: Parks in the Post Industrial World Bibliography Sources Consulted Note: There are some formatting differences between the original printed publication and the electronic version of this book. Last Updated: 22-April-2003 http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/CarlsbadCav/toc.htm[12/14/2012 12:49:26 PM] Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place - Carlsbad Caverns Promise Beheld and the Limits of Place A Historic Resource Study of Carlsbad Caverns and Guadalupe Mountains National Parks and the Surrounding Areas by Hal K. Rothman Daniel Holder, Research Associate 1998 Department of the Interior National Park Service Washington, DC Continue Last Updated: 22-April-2003 http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/CarlsbadCav/index.htm[12/14/2012 12:49:31 PM] Acknowledgments This book would not be possible without the full cooperation of the men and women working for the National Park Service, starting with the superintendents of the two parks, Frank Deckert at Carlsbad Caverns National Park and Larry Henderson at Guadalupe Mountains National Park. One of the true joys of writing about the park system is meeting the professionals who interpret, protect and preserve the nation’s treasures. Just as important are the librarians, archivists and researchers who assisted us at libraries in several states. There are too many to mention individuals, so all we can say is thank you to all those people who guided us through the catalogs, pulled books and documents for us, and filed them back away after we left. One individual who deserves special mention is Jed Howard of Carlsbad, who provided local insight into the area’s national parks. Through his position with the Southeastern New Mexico Historical Society, he supplied many of the photographs in this book. We sincerely appreciate all of his help. And finally, this book is the product of many sacrifices on the part of our families. This book is dedicated to LauraLee and Lucille, who gave us the time to write it, and Talia, Brent, and Megan, who provide the reasons for writing. Hal Rothman Dan Holder September 1998 i Executive Summary Located on the great Permian Uplift, the Guadalupe Mountains and Carlsbad Caverns national parks area is rich in prehistory and history. It is a stark landscape, one that is hard for humans. The plentiful resources of humid climates, the riverine environments that elsewhere in the semi-arid world sustain human endeavor are conspicuously limited in southeastern New Mexico and trans-Pecos Texas. From prehistory through the Mexican era, the region was sparsely inhabited and typically overlooked. A subregion defined by the transience of its human population well into the nineteenth century resulted; only with the advent of industrial systems of transportation and a national and eventually global market did this region become integrated into larger economic and social superstructures. After the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, Americans traversed the region and began to seek to harness it, creating conflict with the Native American peoples who had their histories in the region. A more than thirty-year period of conflict followed, pitting the U.S. Army against the Mescalero Apaches, the Confederacy against the U.S. Army, and again the Army against Native Americans. The Buffalo Soldiers, African-American cavalrymen, played a role in this conflict, the culmination of which occurred in the Victorio War that ended with the death of the great Apache leader in 1880. After 1880, the reservation system largely contained Native American people in the region, opening land and resources to the desires of the expanding American nation. After the containment of the Mescalero, the region opened to Anglo-American settlement. Prior to 1880, cattlemen ruled the area; the famed Lincoln County War, which gave rise to the story of Billy the Kid, took place on the edge of this region. By the mid-1880s, the beginning of a settled regime took hold, enhanced after 1890 with the coming of the railroad and the commencement of widespread private irrigation. The result was a regional economy that followed the dictates of the agricultural parts of the nation in a marginal semi-arid locale. The private irrigation companies failed, and after the Reclamation Act of 1902, federal dollars sustained regional irrigation, and with it, regional life. The federal presence became the most powerful regional force during the twentieth century. Irrigation and federally funded dams, national park areas, the Civilian Conservation Corps, war-time development, a second national park, and later the development of a federally supported waste storage location. The deep caves beneath the Permian Uplift held great mystique; the most famous of these, now known as Carlsbad Caverns, became first a regional then a national sensation after a local cowboy, James L. (Jim) White, began the process of turning it into a wonder for the traveling public. From White’s endeavor came first a national monument, then in 1930 a national park. A generation later, the establishment of Guadalupe Mountains National Park as one of the last traditional national parks in the lower forty-eight states cemented the significance of federal activity in southeastern New Mexico and the trans-Pecos. The federal economy served as a spine, with some parts such as tourism often locally regarded as a shadow economy, underpinning private endeavor in the region. After 1900, a series of extractive regimes paralleled federal activity. Irrigated agriculture ii and ranching served as mainstays. Guano, a widely used fertilizer before 1900, was found in the same caves that White developed for tourism. From early in the century until the 1920s, guano was a major export of the region. Following the demise of the guano industry and the rise of recreation, potash mining in the immediate Carlsbad area and oil and gas development throughout the greater region drove the private sector. After the decline of potash mining in the 1960s and 1970s, the region became the province of “retirees and rest homes,” as one local observer recounted. In this the region anticipated the shift the service economy that the rest nation wrestled with a decade later. In the 1990s, the two parks face an array of issues that are typical of popular national park areas throughout the nation. Both face the impact of visitation on their resources and grapple with the changes in the expectations of the public. Both face questions of resource management and funding, challenges to the mission of the parks, and the complications of managing national parks in an era during which the role of the government is often in question. The situation offers promise and peril, opportunities and threat, all of which stem from and reflect the histories of both parks and the subregion they inhabit. iii List of Illustrations Mescalero Apache wicki-up....................................................................................................................................... 119 Indian mortar holes ...................................................................................................................................................... 119 Guadalupe Peak, El Capitan, 1854 ........................................................................................................................... 120 Guadalupe Peak, El Capitan....................................................................................................................................... 120 Cattle drive participants, 1889................................................................................................................................... 121 Ruins of the Pinery ...................................................................................................................................................... 121 Hagerman Hotel, 1891................................................................................................................................................ 122 James John Hagerman, 1905.....................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Interpretation of the Structural Geology of the Franklin Mountains, Texas Earl M
    New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/26 An interpretation of the structural geology of the Franklin Mountains, Texas Earl M. P. Lovejoy, 1975, pp. 261-268 in: Las Cruces Country, Seager, W. R.; Clemons, R. E.; Callender, J. F.; [eds.], New Mexico Geological Society 26th Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, 376 p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 1975 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. Free Downloads NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks. Copyright Information Publications of the New Mexico Geological Society, printed and electronic, are protected by the copyright laws of the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Eagle Crest Energy Gen-Tie and Water Pipeline Environmental
    Eagle Crest Energy Gen-Tie and Water Pipeline Environmental Assessment and Proposed California Desert Conservation Area Plan Amendment BLM Case File No. CACA-054096 BLM-DOI-CA-D060-2016-0017-EA BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT California Desert District 22835 Calle San Juan De Los Lagos Moreno Valley, CA 92553 April 2017 USDOI Bureau of Land Management April 2017Page 2 Eagle Crest Energy Gen-Tie and Water Pipeline EA and Proposed CDCA Plan Amendment United States Department of the Interior BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT California Desert District 22835 Calle San Juan De Los Lagos Moreno Valley, CA 92553 April XX, 2017 Dear Reader: The U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has finalized the Environmental Assessment (EA) for the proposed right-of-way (ROW) and associated California Desert Conservation Area Plan (CDCA) Plan Amendment (PA) for the Eagle Crest Energy Gen- Tie and Water Supply Pipeline (Proposed Action), located in eastern Riverside County, California. The Proposed Action is part of a larger project, the Eagle Mountain Pumped Storage Project (FERC Project), licensed by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) in 2014. The BLM is issuing a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) on the Proposed Action. The FERC Project would be located on approximately 1,150 acres of BLM-managed land and approximately 1,377 acres of private land. Of the 1,150 acres of BLM-managed land, 507 acres are in the 16-mile gen-tie line alignment; 154 acres are in the water supply pipeline alignment and other Proposed Action facilities outside the Central Project Area; and approximately 489 acres are lands within the Central Project Area of the hydropower project.
    [Show full text]
  • California Vegetation Map in Support of the DRECP
    CALIFORNIA VEGETATION MAP IN SUPPORT OF THE DESERT RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSERVATION PLAN (2014-2016 ADDITIONS) John Menke, Edward Reyes, Anne Hepburn, Deborah Johnson, and Janet Reyes Aerial Information Systems, Inc. Prepared for the California Department of Fish and Wildlife Renewable Energy Program and the California Energy Commission Final Report May 2016 Prepared by: Primary Authors John Menke Edward Reyes Anne Hepburn Deborah Johnson Janet Reyes Report Graphics Ben Johnson Cover Page Photo Credits: Joshua Tree: John Fulton Blue Palo Verde: Ed Reyes Mojave Yucca: John Fulton Kingston Range, Pinyon: Arin Glass Aerial Information Systems, Inc. 112 First Street Redlands, CA 92373 (909) 793-9493 [email protected] in collaboration with California Department of Fish and Wildlife Vegetation Classification and Mapping Program 1807 13th Street, Suite 202 Sacramento, CA 95811 and California Native Plant Society 2707 K Street, Suite 1 Sacramento, CA 95816 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding for this project was provided by: California Energy Commission US Bureau of Land Management California Wildlife Conservation Board California Department of Fish and Wildlife Personnel involved in developing the methodology and implementing this project included: Aerial Information Systems: Lisa Cotterman, Mark Fox, John Fulton, Arin Glass, Anne Hepburn, Ben Johnson, Debbie Johnson, John Menke, Lisa Morse, Mike Nelson, Ed Reyes, Janet Reyes, Patrick Yiu California Department of Fish and Wildlife: Diana Hickson, Todd Keeler‐Wolf, Anne Klein, Aicha Ougzin, Rosalie Yacoub California
    [Show full text]
  • RECTOR DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE LA HABANA Juan Vela Valdés DIRECTOR Eduardo Torres-Cuevas SUBDIRECTOR Luis M
    CASA DE ALTOS ESTUDIOS DON FERNANDO ORTIZ UNIVERSIDAD DE LA HABANA BIBLIOTECA DE CLÁSICOS CUBANOS RECTOR DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE LA HABANA Juan Vela Valdés DIRECTOR Eduardo Torres-Cuevas SUBDIRECTOR Luis M. de las Traviesas Moreno EDITORA PRINCIPAL Gladys Alonso González DIRECTOR ARTÍSTICO Luis Alfredo Gutiérrez Eiró ADMINISTRADORA EDITORIAL Esther Lobaina Oliva Responsable de la edición: Diseño gráfico: Zaida González Amador Luis Alfredo Gutiérrez Eiró Realización y emplane: Composición de textos: Beatriz Pérez Rodríguez Equipo de Ediciones IC Todos los derechos reservados. © Sobre la presente edición: Ediciones IMAGEN CONTEMPORANEA, 2005; Colección Biblioteca de Clásicos Cubanos, No. 39 ISBN 959-7078-76-7 obra completa ISBN 959-7078-78-3 volumen II Ediciones IMAGEN CONTEMPORANEA Casa de Altos Estudios Don Fernando Ortiz, L y 27, CP 10400, Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba Casa de Factoría, La Habana Vale la pena de referir (...) la serie de vicisitudes por que ha pasado la publicación de esta obra (...) dar a las prensas la parte que se ha encon- trado del volumen del infortunado historiador habanero... Carlos M. Trelles ADVERTENCIA En el tomo precedente se reimprimió nada más que la primera parte del Teatro Histórico del doctor Urrutia, sirviéndonos de la edición de 1876, con las enmiendas pertinentes, para cumplir el acuerdo adoptado por la Academia a solicitud de nuestro compañero el Dr. Francisco de Paula Co- ronado; y en este segundo y último tomo de las Obras del ilustre escritor habanero, se publican: la segunda parte del Teatro histórico, hasta ahora inédita, y el Compendio de Memorias, que si bien es cierto que empezó a editarse en esta Capital en 1791, como no se acabó de dar a luz, pues se interrumpió la publicación cundo estaba en la página 120, ni se reprodujo después en los 140 años que han transcurrido, casi puede tenérsele tam- bién por inédito.
    [Show full text]
  • By Douglas P. Klein with Plates by G.A. Abrams and P.L. Hill U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado
    U.S DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STRUCTURE OF THE BASINS AND RANGES, SOUTHWEST NEW MEXICO, AN INTERPRETATION OF SEISMIC VELOCITY SECTIONS by Douglas P. Klein with plates by G.A. Abrams and P.L. Hill U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado Open-file Report 95-506 1995 This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this papers is for descriptive purposes only, and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. STRUCTURE OF THE BASINS AND RANGES, SOUTHWEST NEW MEXICO, AN INTERPRETATION OF SEISMIC VELOCITY SECTIONS by Douglas P. Klein CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................. 1 DEEP SEISMIC CRUSTAL STUDIES .................................. 4 SEISMIC REFRACTION DATA ....................................... 7 RELIABILITY OF VELOCITY STRUCTURE ............................. 9 CHARACTER OF THE SEISMIC VELOCITY SECTION ..................... 13 DRILL HOLE DATA ............................................... 16 BASIN DEPOSITS AND BEDROCK STRUCTURE .......................... 20 Line 1 - Playas Valley ................................... 21 Cowboy Rim caldera .................................. 23 Valley floor ........................................ 24 Line 2 - San Luis Valley through the Alamo Hueco Mountains ....................................... 25 San Luis Valley ..................................... 26 San Luis and Whitewater Mountains ................... 26 Southern
    [Show full text]
  • Crossroads of Newand Ancient
    NEW MEXICO Crossroads of NewandAncient 1999 – 2000 Speakers Bureau & Chautauqua Programs Millennium Edition N EW M EXICO E NDOWMENT FOR THE H UMANITIES ABOUT THE COVER: AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER MARKO KECMAN of Aztec captures the crossroads of ancient and modern in New Mexico with this image of Comet Hale-Bopp over Fajada Butte in Chaco Culture National Historic Park. Kecman wanted to juxtapose the new comet with the butte that was an astronomical observatory in the years 900 – 1200 AD. Fajada (banded) Butte is home to the ancestral Puebloan sun shrine popularly known as “The Sun Dagger” site. The butte is closed to visitors to protect its fragile cultural sites. The clear skies over the Southwest led to discovery of Hale-Bopp on July 22-23, 1995. Alan Hale saw the comet from his driveway in Cloudcroft, New Mexico, and Thomas Bopp saw the comet from the desert near Stanfield, Arizona at about the same time. Marko Kecman: 115 N. Mesa Verde Ave., Aztec, NM, 87410, 505-334-2523 Alan Hale: Southwest Institute for Space Research, 15 E. Spur Rd., Cloudcroft, NM 88317, 505-687-2075 1999-2000 NEW MEXICO ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES SPEAKERS BUREAU & CHAUTAUQUA PROGRAMS Welcome to the Millennium Edition of the New Mexico Endowment for the Humanities (NMEH) Resource Center Programming Guide. This 1999-2000 edition presents 52 New Mexicans who deliver fascinating programs on New Mexico, Southwest, national and international topics. Making their debuts on the state stage are 16 new “living history” Chautauqua characters, ranging from an 1840s mountain man to Martha Washington, from Governor Lew Wallace to Capitán Rafael Chacón, from Pat Garrett to Harry Houdini and Kit Carson to Mabel Dodge Luhan.
    [Show full text]
  • Interview No. 282
    University of Texas at El Paso ScholarWorks@UTEP Combined Interviews Institute of Oral History 12-1976 Interview no. 282 George E. Barnhart Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.utep.edu/interviews Part of the Oral History Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Interview with George E. Barnhart by Carlos Tapia, 1976, "Interview no. 282," Institute of Oral History, University of Texas at El Paso. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Institute of Oral History at ScholarWorks@UTEP. It has been accepted for inclusion in Combined Interviews by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UTEP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNIVERSITYOFTEXAS AT EL PASC INSTITUTEOFOR.AL HISTORY II.ITERVIEIdEE: GeorqeE. Barnhart INTERVIEI.IER: CarlosTaPia PROJECT: Class proiect DATEOF II'ITERVIEI'I: DecemberI 976 TERI''6OF USE: Unrestricted TAPENO.: 282 T:IAI'ISCRIPTI.iO.: 282 TRAIISCRISER: DATETRA|'ISCRIBED: BIOGRAPHICALSYiiOPSIS OF INTERVIEI'IEE: 01d-time E] Pasoresident. SUI{I}trRYOF I|'ITER\IIEI,I: j I ett and BioqraPhy;the MexicanRevol ution; Prohbi tion ; J'imGi JudgeRoy Bean' John|.lesleY Hardin; tf," O.pt.ssion; Worldl'lar II; 50 minutes I4 pages 'interview { Oral History with Mr- GeorgeE. Barnhart, interviewedby Carlos Tapia in December1976" ) T: Mr. Barnhar{wherewere you born and when? B: hlestBends, Okl ahoma. T: Whatwas the date? B: We]l, it's supposedto be February24, 1896. Theydidn't keepany records back in themdays. I had to checkback and I got two or three different [dates, but] that's the one I usedto look for a job.
    [Show full text]
  • The Native Fish Fauna of Major Drainages East of The
    THE NATIVE FISH FAUNA OF MAJOR DRAINAGES EAST OF THE CONTINENTAL DIVIDE IN NEW MEXICO A Thesis Presented to the Graduate Faculty of Biology Eastern New Mexico University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements fdr -the7Degree: Master of Science in Biology by Michael D. Hatch December 1984 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction Study Area Procedures Results and Discussion Summary Acknowledgements Literature Cited Appendices Abstract INTRODUCTION r (t. The earliest impression of New Mexico's native fish fauna =Ems during the 1850's from naturalists attached to various government survey parties. Without the collections from these and other early surveys, the record of the native fish fauna would be severely deficient because, since that time, some 1 4 native species - or subspecies of fish have become extirpated and the ranges of an additionial 22 native species or subspecies have become severly re- stricted. Since the late Miocene, physiographical changes of drainages have linked New Mexico, to varying degrees, with contemporary ichthyofaunal elements or their progenitors from the Rocky Mountains, the Great Plains, the Chihuahuan Desert, the Mexican Plateau, the Sonoran Desert and the Great Basin. Immigra- tion from these areas contributed to the diversity of the state's native ichthyofauna. Over the millinea, the fate of these fishes waxed and waned in ell 4, response to the changing physical and _chenaca-l-conditions of the surrounding environment. Ultimately, one of the most diverse fish faunas of any of the interior southwestern states developed. Fourteen families comprising 67 species of fish are believed to have occupied New Mexico's waters historically, with strikingly different faunas evolving east and west of the Continental Divide.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Effects of Fire on Shrubs and Succulents in a Chihuahuan Desert Community in the Franklin Mountains, El Paso County, Texas Richard D
    No. 3 January 1987 Contributed Papers of the SECOND SYMPOSIUM ON RESOURCES OF THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT REGION United States and Mexico —BOTANICAL BIOLOGY— A. Michael Powell, Editor Some Effects of Fire on Shrubs and Succulents in a Chihuahuan Desert Community in the Franklin Mountains, El Paso County, Texas Richard D. Worthington and Rafael D. Corral THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CDRI) is a nonprofit scientific and educational organization. Its purpose is the collection and dissemination of information pertaining to the Chihuahuan Desert Region of the United States and Mexico. Memberships are available. Annual dues: Individual, $15; Student, $10; Family and Institutional, $25. The Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute publishes the semiannual magazine Chihuahuan Desert Discovery, which is free to members. Nonmembers and members receive our semiannual bulletin Chihuahuan Desert NewsBriefs. Papers in this series were presented during the Second Symposium on the Resources of the Chihuahuan Desert: United States and Mexico, at Sul Ross State University, Alpine, Texas, on October 20—21, 1983, and have been subjected to peer review. Contributed Papers of the SECOND SYMPOSIUM ON RESOURCES OF THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT: United States and Mexico is a series by the Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute, Box 1334, Alpine,; Texas 79831; 915—837-8370. Copyright © 1986 by the Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute SOME EFFECTS OF FIRE ON SHRUBS AND SUCCULENTS IN A CHIHUAHUAN DESERT COMMUNITY IN THE FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS, EL PASO COUNTY, TEXAS RICHARD D. WORTHINGTON AND RAFAEL D. CORRAL, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO, EL PASO, TEXAS 79968 ABSTRACT.--On 15 July 1981, a fire burned about 30 ha of Chihua— huan desertscrub community in the Franklin Mountains, El Paso County, Texas.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Geological Survey and A. M. Leszcykowski and J. D. Causey U.S
    DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR TO ACCOMPANY MAP MF-1603-A UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF THE COXCOMB MOUNTAINS WILDERNESS STUDY AREA (CDCA-328), SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA SUMMARY REPORT By J. P. Calzia, J. E. Kilburn, R. W. Simpson, Jr., and C. M. Alien U.S. Geological Survey and A. M. Leszcykowski and J. D. Causey U.S. Bureau of Mines STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS Bureau of Land Management Wilderness Study Areas The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct mineral surveys on certain areas to determine their mineral resource potential. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a mineral survey of the Coxcomb Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-328), California Desert Conservation Area, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, California. SUMMARY Geologic, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral surveys within the Coxcomb Mountains Wilderness Study Area in south­ eastern California define several areas with low to moderate potential for base and precious metals. Inferred subeconomic re­ sources of gold at the Moser mine (area Ha) are estimated at 150,000 tons averaging 1.7 ppm Au. The remainder of the study area has low potential for other mineral and energy resources including radioactive minerals and geothermal resources. Oil, gas, and coal resources are not present within the wilderness study area. INTRODUCTION Hope (1966), Greene (1968), and Calzia (1982) indicate that the wilderness study area is underlain by metaigneous and The Coxcomb Mountains Wilderness Study Area metasedimentary rocks of Jurassic and (or) older age intruded (CDCA-328) is located in the Mojave Desert of southeastern by granitic rocks of Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous age.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Shadow of Billy the Kid: Susan Mcsween and the Lincoln County War Author(S): Kathleen P
    In the Shadow of Billy the Kid: Susan McSween and the Lincoln County War Author(s): Kathleen P. Chamberlain Source: Montana: The Magazine of Western History, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Winter, 2005), pp. 36-53 Published by: Montana Historical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4520742 . Accessed: 31/01/2014 13:20 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Montana Historical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Montana: The Magazine of Western History. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 142.25.33.193 on Fri, 31 Jan 2014 13:20:15 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions In the Shadowof Billy the Kid SUSAN MCSWEEN AND THE LINCOLN COUNTY WAR by Kathleen P. Chamberlain S C.4 C-5 I t Ia;i - /.0 I _Lf Susan McSween survivedthe shootouts of the Lincoln CountyWar and createda fortunein its aftermath.Through her story,we can examinethe strugglefor economic control that gripped Gilded Age New Mexico and discoverhow women were forced to alter their behavior,make decisions, and measuresuccess againstthe cold realitiesof the period. This content downloaded from 142.25.33.193 on Fri, 31 Jan 2014 13:20:15 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions ,a- -P N1878 southeastern New Mexico declared war on itself.
    [Show full text]
  • MEMORIA SOBRE LAS PROVINCIAS DE SONORA, SINALOA Y LAS CALIFORNIAS (1820), POR MIGUEL RAMOSARIZPE
    MEMORIA SOBRE LAS PROVINCIAS DE SONORA, SINALOA y LAS CALIFORNIAS (1820), POR MIGUEL RAMOSARIZPE Introducción y notas de Juan Domingo VmARGAS DEL MORAL Mientras que en el escenario político de la metropóli española y en casi todas sus colonias americanas la segunda década del siglo XIX se signi- ficÓ como un periodo de fuerte actividad política por el influjo de los trabajos parlamentarios desarrollados en las Cortes de Cádiz, las pro- vincias noroccidentales de la Nueva España parecían permanecer igno- radas <:>poco atendidas por los diputados participantes en las delibera- ciones gaditanas. Durante el primer ciclo constitucional (1809-1814:) se pueden citar apenas uno o dos decretos que concernían a esa región y fue hasta diciembre de 1820 que surgió a la luz un documento más amplio y de factura formal que llevó por título el de Exposición o Memoria sobreel estadonatural, civil y político militar de las provincias de Sonora, Sinaloa y las Californias. Esta Memoria se debe a la pluma y al ánimo inquieto de Miguel Ra- mos Arizpe cuya carismática personalidad le hizo destacarse entre los diputados americanos que participaron en la sesiones de Jas Cortes de Cádiz y en la elaboración de la Constitución de 1812. Nacido en San Nicolás de ras Labores, hoy Ramos Arizpe, cerca de Saltillo, siguió la carrera eclesiástica y luego de una complicada época de su vida en Monterrey se trasladó a la ciudad de México donde concluyó sus estu- dios universitarios hasta titularse como abogado en agosto de 1810. La agitada marea política de aquellos tiempos le permitió un rápido acceso a la vida pública c\lando en la península ibérica se convocó a las Cortes para elaborar una Constitución con la participación de diputados de to- das las provincias del imperio.
    [Show full text]