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Binge Drinking and Associated Factors in Indigenous People from Karipuna*

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Binge Drinking and Associated Factors in Indigenous People from Karipuna* SMAD, Rev. Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool Drog. 2021 Jan.- Mar.; 17(1):7-16 DOI: 10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2021.167996 www.revistas.usp.br/smad/ SMAD Original Article Binge drinking and associated factors in indigenous people from Karipuna* Objective: to identify the prevalence of use in binge in indigenous Karipuna and to verify the association of this use Fernanda Matos Fernandes Castelo-Branco1 with sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral variables of https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0963 the sample. Method: this is a cross-sectional study carried Divane de Vargas2 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-8394 out with 230 indigenous people from 12 Karipuna villages in Oiapoque. Binge use screening was obtained through the Key Question. Data was collected between May and December 2017. A priori, the frequency analysis of the variables involved in the study was carried out, following the chi-square test and logistic regression model. Results: it is revealed that the prevalence of use in binge was 24.8% from one to three times; 20.4% four to six times; 12.2% seven to ten times and 9.6% more than ten times. The following factors were associated: student (OR = 2.99); migration from the village of origin (OR = 2.22); condom use (OR = 2.62) and sexual intercourse after * Paper extracted from doctoral dissertation “Patterns of psychoactive substance used in indigenous Karipuna alcohol consumption (OR = 1.61). Conclusion: it is warned communities in the municipality of Oiapoque-AP”, presented that the occasional use of alcohol risk demands consideration, to Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. as well as knowledge of the particularities of the population 1 Universidade Federal do Amapá, Enfermagem, Oiapoque, now investigated, in order to establish control, planning of AP, Brazil. 2 Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Enfermagem therapeutic resources so that effective results are achieved in Materno Infantil e Psiquiátrica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. the planned actions and especially in those that are adopted in practice in order to prevent alcohol abuse. Descriptors: Indigenous Population; Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Disorders Related to Substance Use; Alcohol Abuse; Binge Drinking. How to cite this article Castelo-Branco FMF, Vargas D. Binge drinking and associated factors in indigenous people from Karipuna. SMAD, Rev Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool Drog. 2021 Jan.- Mar.; 17(1):7-16. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2021.167996 2 SMAD, Rev. Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool Drog. 2021 Jan.- Mar.; 17(1):7-16 Binge drinking e fatores associados em indígenas da etnia Karipuna Objetivo: identificar a prevalência do uso embinge em indígenas Karipuna e verificar a associação desse uso com variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e comportamentais da amostra.Método: trata- se de um estudo transversal realizado com 230 indígenas de 12 aldeias Karipuna em Oiapoque. Obteve-se o rastreio do uso em binge por meio da Questão-Chave. Coletaram-se os dados entre maio e dezembro de 2017. Realizaram-se, a priori, a análise de frequência das variáveis envolvidas no estudo e, na sequência, o teste qui-quadrado e o modelo de regressão logística. Resultados: revela-se que a prevalência do uso em binge foi de 24,8% de uma a três vezes; de 20,4% de quatro a seis vezes; de 12,2% de sete a dez vezes e de 9,6% em mais de dez vezes. Associaram-se os seguintes fatores: estudante (OR=2,99); migração da aldeia de origem (OR=2,22); uso de preservativo (OR=2,62) e relações sexuais após o consumo de álcool (OR=1,61). Conclusão: alerta-se que o uso ocasional de risco de álcool demanda consideração, bem como o conhecimento das particularidades da população ora investigada, a fim de estabelecer controle, planejamento de recursos terapêuticos para que se alcancem resultados efetivos nas ações planejadas e principalmente nas que são adotadas na prática a fim de prevenir um uso abusivo de álcool. Descritores: População Indígena; Transtornos Induzidos por Álcool; Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias; Abuso de Álcool; Binge Drinking. Binge drinking y factores asociados en indígenas de la etnia Karipuna Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia del uso debinge en indígenas Karipuna y verificar la asociación de este uso con las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y comportamentales de la muestra. Método: se trata de un estudio transversal realizado con 230 indígenas de 12 aldeas Karipuna en Oiapoque. Se obtuvo el rastreo del uso de binge por medio de la pregunta clave. Se recogieron los datos entre los meses de mayo y diciembre de 2017. Se realizaron, a priori, el análisis de la frecuencia de las variables del estudio y a continuación se realizó el test chi-cuadrado y el modelo de regresión logístico. Resultados: se revela que la prevalencia del uso de binge fue de 24,8% de una a tres veces; de 20,4% de cuatro a seis veces; de 12,2% de siete a diez veces y de 9,6% en más de diez veces. Se asociaron los siguientes factores: estudiante (OR=2,99); migración de la aldea de origen (OR=2,22); uso de preservativo (OR=2,62) y relaciones sexuales después de consumo de alcohol (OR=1,61). Conclusión: se advierte que el uso ocasional de riesgo de alcohol demanda atención, así como tomar conocimiento de las particularidades de la población que está siendo investigada, con la finalidad de establecer control y planificar recursos terapéuticos, para que sean alcanzados resultados efectivos, en las acciones planificadas y, principalmente, en aquellas que son adoptadas en la práctica, con la finalidad de prevenir el uso abusivo del alcohol. Descriptores: Población Indígena; Trastornos Inducidos por el Alcohol; Trastornos Relacionados con el Uso de Sustancias; Abuso de Alcohol; Beber en Exceso. www.revistas.usp.br/smad Castelo-Branco FMF, Vargas D. 3 Introduction to the development of prevention strategies regarding problematic alcohol use, identify the prevalence of use The use of alcohol in indigenous communities is a in BD in indigenous Karipuna and verify the association complex phenomenon, as it requires the consideration of this use with sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral and understanding of the different knowledge of the variables of the sample. consumption of alcoholic beverages between groups that have cultural differences. Method Specifically, alcohol is used by communities in different situations, such as: religious ceremonies This is an exploratory and cross-sectional study. (weddings, baptisms); celebrations (birthdays, Indian The study was conducted in 12 Karipuna villages in the Day); in community work (cleaning the villages, municipality of Oiapoque, in the state of Amapá. renovating schools, working in the fields and crops) Twelve villages (Açaizal, Ahumã, Benoá, Espírito or in the male initiation ritual (occurs with boys from Santo, Estrela, Cariá, Curipi, Manga, Pakapuá, Paxiubal, the age of 15, who are subjected to masculinity and Santa Isabel and Taminã) authorized the realization of resistance tests). However, this traditional use took on the research and constituted themselves as places for different proportions, making consumption often abusive this research. In an informal survey carried out by the and the offer of drinks the main attraction for the group’s authors of the study with chiefs and indigenous leaders, participation in activities(1-2). it is indicated that these communities currently total 2446 In the case of traditional use, caxixi (drink fermented inhabitants, therefore, an estimate higher than the last in special clay pots, made from manioc, boiled corn or survey in an official body, that is, from the National Indian fermented fruits and produced mainly by women) stands Foundation, which pointed out 2210 indigenous. out as an alcoholic drink widely used in indigenous All individuals aged 15 years or over, who live communities in Brazil, often associated with Turé (dance in the 12 villages involved in the study, belonging to performed collectively, passed from generation to the municipality of Oiapoque, in the State of Amapá, generation, which is a symbol of friendship between the in a border region with French Guiana, were invited to peoples of the village)(3). participate in the study between May and December 2017. A study that aimed to identify the microbiota present The inclusion criteria in the sample were: people and to characterize physically and chemically the caxixi who declared themselves indigenous; indigenous people drink produced by the Juruna Indians in Mato Grosso living in villages; age of 15 or more of both sexes and showed that its alcoholic strength ranges from 10 to who understood the Portuguese language. The sample 11º GL (close to fermented fruit alcoholic levels) and excluded individuals who, at the time of collection, showed its processing is carried out with the addition of distilled visible behavior changes, were intoxicated, who did not drinks and fruit juices, which led to the classification of agree to participate in the study, refusing to answer “another fermented drink”(4). Thus, a narrowing of caxixi the questionnaires by reading and signing the Free and with industrialized drinks is evident. Among the other Informed Consent Term (FICT), who did not live in the drinks consumed for more than three centuries, cachaça selected village or were permanently disabled (hearing has become very widespread among these peoples, or mentally disabled). probably due to interethnic contact(5). The sample calculation was estimated based on Despite an entire symbolic context and when it the study, cited in the research(7) that investigated comes to culturality versus alcoholic beverages, these the prevalence the prevalence of alcoholism in the are subordinated to socialization and the symbolic value Terena population in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, they carry, because among the indigenous people, they in a population over 15 years old, whose prevalence are not defined by the amount consumed but by the was 17.6%.
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