London and the Restoration, 1659-1683 Gary S

Cambridge University Press 0521840716 - London and the Restoration, 1659-1683 Gary S. De Krey Index More information

INDEX

Adams, Thomas 403 in London government 7, 11, 13, 16, 20, Adams, Valentine 403 34, 38, 52, 53–54, 73, 74, 77–78, Address to the Honourable City of London 80–84, 86, 93–94, 95, 97, 99, 101, (1681), by C. B. 214 108, 109, 110–111, 112, 114, Africa 352–371 134–136, 137, 139, 140, 144, 146, Ailesbury, Earl of. See Bruce 148, 149–150, 151, 160, 162, 164, Alarms and panics 5–6, 54–55, 56, 62–63, 172–173, 174, 176, 180–181, 187 71, 86, 109, 116, 152, 153, 159, 161, in parliament 16, 61, 71, 78, 80, 82, 85, 244–246, 340, 373, 382. See also 89, 91, 96, 100, 107, 108, 115, Popish Plot 123–124, 138, 143, 206 Albermarle, Duke of. See Monck in the state 15, 80, 81–82, 85, 98, Aldermen. See London (Constitutional): 142–143, 151, 152, 206, 241, Aldermen and Court of Aldermen 387–388 Aldworth, Thomas 403 political thought of 81, 82, 83–84, Alie, Richard 314, 321, 421 156–157, 170 Allen, William 403 Anglo-Dutch Wars Alleyn, Alderman Sir Thomas 27, 31, 32, First (1652–4) 11 33, 36, 38, 39, 40, 50, 62, Second (1665–7) 70, 82, 93–95, 316 414 Third (1672–4) 115, 119, 121, 124, 134, Alsace 230 135, 136, 316 Alsop, Vincent 124, 245, 301, 302–303, Anglo-Spanish War 4, 74, 82, 107 304–305, 306 Annesley, Samuel 120 Amsterdam 12, 272, 309, 343, 358 Arbitrary government, fear of 24, 25, 43, 66, Ancient constitution 4, 22, 25, 36, 40, 54, 117–118, 136, 151, 155, 157, 158, 65, 103, 105, 113, 147, 154, 227, 179, 196, 198, 211, 218–219, 225, 231, 271, 295–296, 300, 310 258, 270, 298, 299, 306, 310, 338, Anglican loyalists and loyalism 5, 17, 19, 27, 347, 348, 355, 364, 365, 370, 379, 33, 54–55, 62, 65, 66, 74, 119, 121, 386, 387, 392, 394–396, 399 132, 142, 146, 156, 157–158, 159, Archer, John 403 161, 166, 169, 175, 181, 184, 207, Argyll, Earl of. See Campbell 214, 281, 282–283, 316, 395. See Arlington, Earl of. See Bennet also Church of England, Anglican Armiger, John 233, 377 loyalism in; Tories, in London Armstrong, Sir Thomas 175, 391 and Restoration of Charles II 14–15, 22, Army, New Model. See New Model Army 24, 25, 29, 36, 41, 42, 45, 48, 51, 57, Army, of Charles II 137, 157, 158, 160, 257, 60, 61–62, 63, 340, 386 265, 266, 267, 349–350, 352, 358, hostility to dissent and conscience 64, 71, 367, 373 86, 96, 102, 106, 116–118, 129, 153, Ashcraft, Richard 170, 338, 351, 392, 397 156, 166, 171, 176–177, 178, 182, Ashe, Elizabeth 131, 403 190–191, 214, 273–274, 288, 377, Ashley, Lord. See Cooper 391 Ashmole, Elias 289

450

Index 451

Ashurst family 127, 128, 130, 185, 368 Bennet, Henry, Earl of Arlington 120, 121, Ashurst, Henry Jr 185, 187, 193, 283, 403 270 Ashurst, Henry Sr 127, 128, 130, 193, Bermuda 351 403 Berners, Josias 31 Ashurst, Joseph 351 Berry, Daniel 412 Ashurst, William 283, 311, 313, 315–316, Bethel, Slingsby 41, 97, 100, 106–107, 109, 322, 403, 414 131, 158, 192–197, 231, 250, 252, Atherton, John 377 258, 286, 314–315, 319, 371, 390, Aungier, Francis, Earl of Longford 241 414 Ayleworth, Peter 421 and republicanism 97, 197, 198 Ayloffe, John 360, 376, 380 as sheriff 197, 198, 200, 209, 212, 214, Ayray, George 403 226, 229, 232, 234, 237 Present Interest of England (1671) 193, Backwell, Alderman Edward 95, 286, 316, 194 321, 421 Biddulph, Sir Theophilus Bt 13, 82 Bagnall, John 403 Billers, Joseph 412 Bagshaw, Edward 102 Billingsley, John 412 Baltic 318 Birch, John 205 Baptists and “Anabaptists” 4, 20, 22, 26, Blake, George 404 55–56, 57, 58–59, 61, 62–63, 71, 75, Blaney, Robert Jr 360, 364, 404 77, 85, 89, 91, 97, 109, 126–127, Blaney, Robert Sr 127, 130, 360 128, 130, 133, 265, 280, 281, 288, Blatt, James 404 311–312, 347, 351, 363, 364, 374, Blood, Thomas 120 377–378, 380 Blount, Charles Barber, Andrew 363 An Appeal from the Country to the City Bard, Maximilian 128, 403 (1679) 179 Barebone, Praise-God 22, 47 Character of Popery and Arbitrary Barker, Matthew 403 Government (1679) 179 Barker, Thomas 404 Bludworth, Alderman Sir Thomas 80, 82, Barnard, Henry 404 83, 226, 248, 257, 316, 321, 421 Barnardiston family 127 Bohun, Edmund 309 Barnardiston, Nathaniel 127, 132, 404 Booth, John 404 Barnardiston, Palatia 127, 129, 247, Booth, Robert 404 404 Booth, Sir George 20, 23–25, 26, 30 Barnardiston, Sir Samuel Bt 148–149, 163, Booth’s Rising (1659) 23–24, 26, 28, 29, 52 204, 208, 235–236, 315, 323–324, Boston, Massachusetts 171 414 Boteler, William 110 Barnet 45 Bourne, Thomas 377, 379 Baskerville, Laurence 131, 404 Bourne, Zachary 374, 377–378, 382 Bass, Richard 404 Bowles, John 404 Bastwick, John 282 Bowyer, William 412 Bateman, Charles 351, 377, 380 Box, Ralph 195, 196, 228–229, 257, 260, Bateman, Sir Anthony 82 261, 263, 264–265, 422 Bates, William 76, 85, 89, 120, 404 Brandreth, Henry 28, 97, 109 Bawden, John 404 Breda, Declaration of 62, 207 Baxter, Richard 59, 70, 85, 88, 90, 91, 105, Breda, Peace of (1667) 97–98 109, 156, 185, 206, 273–274, 283, Brember, Sir Nicholas 298 301, 303, 304–307, 308, 353 Brent, Edward 130, 404 Grand Debate between ...the Bishops and Brett, John 99, 127, 128, 404 the Presbyterian Divines (1661) 72 Bristol 45, 48, 346, 350, 360, 374 Beckford, Sir Thomas 314, 325, 421 Bristow, Richard 311, 414 Bell, Randall 412 Brome, John 362, 366–368, 369 Bell, Thomas Jr 404 Bromﬁeld, Sir Lawrence 81 Bell, Thomas Sr 132, 404 Bromhall, Thomas 130, 131, 133, 404 Bell, William 288 Brookes, Samuel 404

452 Index

Brown, Nathaniel 375 172, 177, 201, 215, 233, 306, 316, Browne, Alderman Sir Richard Bt 13, 20, 23, 379 42, 52, 61, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 86 Charles II 25, 46, 64, 79, 84, 119, 136, 145, Browne, James 404 151, 154–155, 158, 160, 175, 256, Brownsmith, Benjamin 405 319, 344, 346, 360, 362, 373, 375, Bruce, Robert, Earl of Ailesbury 248, 254, 381, 389, 391–392, 399. See also 261 London: Crown and the Corporation; Brussels 176 Tories, in London: crown and Buckingham, Duke of. See Villiers and common council 137, 185, 186, 204, Buckinghamshire 316 211, 226–227 Buckner, John 412 and London mayoral elections 239, 240, Buckner, Ralph 405 383–384 Burgess, Cornelius and London shrieval elections 194–195, Reasons shewing the Necessity of 255–256, 258, 259–260, 261, 262, Reformation (1660) 72 265 Burnet, Gilbert 90, 91, 240–241, 245, 274, and parliament 124, 144, 145, 148, 337, 342, 350, 359, 362, 377 159–161, 174–175, 183, 188–189, Burton, Henry 282 190, 208, 209, 210–211, 212–213, Burton, James 363, 365 217, 218–220, 230–231 Burton, Moses 405 and the church 15, 16, 62, 69, 70, 71, 72, Bushell, Edward 113–114 74, 84–85, 86–87, 88, 90, 92, 96, Bushell’s Case 114, 199 105, 106, 109, 115, 119–121, 125, Butler, James, Duke of Ormonde 261, 198, 217, 238, 243, 306 262 and the Restoration Crisis 164, 169, Butler, Thomas, Earl of Ossory 189 180–181, 182–183, 185, 188–189, 191, 201, 206, 210–211, 212–213, Cabal ministry 70, 93, 116, 119, 120, 122, 215–216, 218–220, 221–222, 232, 123 250, 256, 335, 337, 387 Calamy, Edmund (the elder) 26, 52, 53, 56, and Whigs, in London 135, 199, 202, 57, 59, 70, 82, 87, 89, 280 230–231, 241, 242, 252–254, Calvinism. See Dissenters; Puritans and 259–260, 261–270, 271, 300, 339, Puritanism; Reformed Protestantism 341, 348, 349, 356–357, 369, 388 Cambridge Platonism 114, 133 dispensing power 123 Campbell, Archibald, Earl of Argyll 359 His Majesties Declaration to all his loving Canterbury Cathedral 133 Subjects (1681) 222, 223, 224, 226 Cantrell, John 351 in exile 14, 64 Capel, Arthur, Earl of Essex 213, 240, prerogative 119, 121–123, 143–144, 155, 263–264, 267, 336, 359 198, 245, 269, 299, 361 Capel, Sir Henry 203 Restoration of 3–4, 14–15, 16–17, 24, 26, Care, Henry 273 29, 36, 40, 43, 51, 53–54, 55, 57, 58, Carleton, Matthew 412 60, 61–62, 63–64, 65–66, 73, 111, Caryl, Joseph 10, 26, 87, 89, 110, 127, 131, 169, 173, 245, 340, 382 228, 233 Charleton, Nicholas 314, 320, 422 Casse, John 130, 133, 405 Charlton, Francis 185, 187, 234 Catherine of Braganza 218, 232 Cheshire 20, 26, 263, 264, 267 Cavaliers. See Anglican loyalists and Chester 23, 258 loyalism Church of England 118, 121 Cellier, Elizabeth 199 Anglican loyalism in 6, 12, 15, 53, 65, Certain Way to Save England (1681) 214 69–73, 124–125, 274 Chamberlain, Sir Thomas 31, 34, 81 bishops and episcopacy 3, 5, 15, 60, 62, Chamberlen, Peter 377 70–71, 72, 73, 78, 84, 86, 88, 89, Chancery, Court of 287 116, 118, 124, 142, 152, 154, 157, Chapman, Alderman Sir John 422 162, 163, 166, 172, 207, 219, 274, Charles I 3, 4, 9, 13, 17, 19, 24, 34, 37, 44, 280, 285, 286, 287, 302–303, 54, 58, 64, 73, 110, 125, 142, 155, 305–306, 309, 310, 312, 387, 396

Index 453

hostility to 12, 17, 64, 76–77, 92, royal supremacy in 101, 122–123, 118–119, 151–156, 158, 165, 169, 154–155, 157, 180, 304, 306 170, 177, 179, 180, 182, 214, 217, Sons of the Clergy 312 238, 244, 273, 306, 309, 363 Thirty-nine Articles 123, 207 Book of Common Prayer 60, 70–100 tithes 5, 21, 29 church lands 36 Civil War era 4, 10, 19, 44, 53–54, 58, 64, clergy in London 87, 88, 90, 92, 110, 124, 100–101, 125, 139, 141, 147, 240, 178, 273, 280, 285, 287–288, 292, 275, 276, 300, 302, 308, 309, 354 314–315, 316, 371 coercion and 10, 15–16, 17–18, 26, 29, Clare, Earl of. See Holles 64, 69, 70, 82, 84, 85, 93, 100–115, Clarendon, Earl of. See Hyde 116, 117, 119, 121, 122–124, 128, Clarges, Sir Thomas 49, 61 142, 151, 152, 155–157, 179, 185, Clarke, Edward 414 193, 198, 206, 211, 214, 224, 238, Clarke, John 405 239, 241–246, 282, 284, 294, 302, Clayton, Alderman Sir Robert 135, 136, 303, 305, 310, 312, 324, 330, 335, 137, 148–149, 161, 162, 177, 201, 340, 387, 388, 390, 391, 396, 203, 208, 211, 212, 213, 227, 230, 398 240, 242, 243, 247, 249, 252, 262, comprehension 15, 16, 71, 93, 96, 98, 263, 269, 312, 320, 322, 344, 347, 100, 105–106, 107, 120, 121–122, 354, 356, 357, 358, 371, 380, 414 124, 152, 165, 206, 207–208, 239, and emergence of party 183, 186, 187, 273, 304, 309, 387 192, 195, 200, 201, 274 Convocation 78, 304 and succession issue 189, 200, 204, Cromwellian 5, 12–13, 15, 22, 70, 71, 77, 218–219, 251 86, 117, 121, 283, 304, 312 as lord mayor 181, 185–186, 189, 190, ecclesiastical courts 249, 354, 390 194, 195, 196, 199, 200, 365 Latitudinarians 133, 190, 273, 397 Cleveland, Duchess of. See Villiers parochial order 10, 11, 12, 13–14, 17, 21, Clifford, Thomas, Baron Clifford 121 23, 26, 54–58, 64, 87, 90, 152–157, Clothworkers’ Company 13 165, 207, 274, 280, 282, 302–303, Clutterbuck, Jerome 405 304, 386, 396 Cockett, Thomas 405 Protestant accommodation (resettlement, Cokayne, George 85, 98, 280 union) 13, 15, 17, 70–71, 90, 98, Coke, Sir Edward 295 110, 116, 118, 119–124, 133, 142, Colchester, Viscount. See Savage 143–144, 152, 153, 154, 156, Coldham, George 405 165–166, 172, 183, 190–191, 193, Coldham, John 405 198, 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, Cole, Edward 375 210, 213, 214, 217, 224, 225, 231, College, Stephen 217, 233, 234, 235, 237, 238–242, 245, 246, 247, 248, 251, 244, 252, 364, 376, 382, 395 254, 259, 273, 274, 282–283, 284, A Ra-ree Show [1681] 364 302, 303–305, 309, 310, 388, 396, Collet, James 415 397–398 Collier, Nathaniel 405 Reformation of 3, 10, 54–55, 58, 64, 65, Collins, John 89 66, 69, 70, 71, 76, 84, 88, 90, 92, Colonial merchants and trade 11, 73, 129, 101, 107, 130, 151, 153–154, 155, 318, 320 156, 185, 190, 207, 210, 238, 240, Comber, Philip 405 242, 244, 247, 275, 282, 284, 288, Commercial revolution 398–399 289, 290, 293, 301–310, 312–315, Common Council. See London 316, 324–325, 330–331, 339, 374, (Constitutional): Common 377, 391, 397 Councilmen and Court of Common Restoration settlement of 15–16, 17, Council 69–73, 84, 88–90, 93, 96, 100, 104, Common Hall. See London: Parliamentary 105, 107, 114–115, 116, 121, 124, elections; London (Constitutional): 155, 157, 164, 166, 175, 181, 224, Common Hall 230, 293, 302, 303, 306, 310 Common law 294, 295, 299, 361

454 Index

Common Pleas, Court of 114, 208, 255, treason trial of (1681) 109, 223, 229, 230, 315, 320, 354, 370 231–232, 233, 234, 235–236, 237, Commonwealth 3, 4–6, 11–12, 13–14, 17, 239, 242, 244, 254, 336, 395 19–20, 54, 57–58, 64, 97, 98, 99, Corbet, John 72, 104, 105, 106, 122 109, 128, 139, 147, 182, 257, 316, Cornish, Alderman Henry 192–198, 199, 379, 382, 386, 388. See also 231, 261, 284, 311, 320, 368, 371, Parliament: Rump Parliament 415 Committee of Safety (1659) 28–39, 49, 54, and mayoral election of 1682, 269–271, 55–56, 58, 97 325, 343, 345, 346, 348, 353, 365, Council of State (1659–60) 20, 23, 24, 39, 381 41, 46, 47, 48, 51, 77, 128, 162, 194, and Whig plotting 350–351, 368, 380, 315 381–382, 398 Commonwealthmen. See Republicans and as sheriff 197, 229, 232, 239 republicanism Council for Trade 75, 82 Conscience, liberty for 5, 10–11, 12, 13, 14, Council of State of Long Parliament (1660) 15, 16, 17–18, 21, 56, 62, 64, 70, 76, 53, 58, 60. See also Commonwealth: 85, 89, 109, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, Council of State 119, 123–124, 125–134, 139, 145, Country opposition (in parliament) 18, 94, 152, 156, 159, 162, 173, 179, 180, 95, 117–118, 131, 134, 137, 185, 190–191, 198, 206, 207–208, 138–139, 140, 141, 142, 143–144, 210, 219, 220, 224, 225, 239, 243, 145, 147, 148–150, 151–156, 157, 245, 246, 273, 274, 282, 284, 288, 159, 161–162, 173, 176, 181, 198, 289, 291, 303, 308–310, 330–331, 201, 202, 205, 302, 316, 395 353, 364, 370, 378, 380, 391, Court and politics 83, 95, 198, 234, 254, 397 264, 342, 381 and trade 106–107 in London 109, 151, 161, 165, 180, 195, arguments for 10, 100–107, 117, 120, 225, 255–256, 269–270, 285, 286, 122, 125, 142, 147, 165, 300, 287, 288, 289, 292, 322, 324, 325, 302–308, 397 342, 349. See also London: Crown Consent in church and state 103, 104, 144, and the Corporation 275, 284, 289, 291, 300, 305–307, in parliament 117, 138, 140, 142, 143, 309, 310, 330–331, 364, 380, 150, 151 393–394. See also London Coven, Steven 92 (Constitutional): Charter and Coventry, Henry 141 civic constitution: consensual Cox, James 412, 415 expectations Cox, John 235 Constantine 154 Craddock, Matthew 131 Conway, Edward, Viscount Conway 248, Craven, William, Earl of 216 251 Crawley, Andrew 405 Cooper, Anthony Ashley, Earl of Shaftesbury Crisp, John 415 30–31, 35, 39, 40, 49, 96, 97, 102, Crispe, Ellis 187 117, 118, 121, 122, 127, 138, 143, Crispe, Sir Nicholas 286 144, 145, 148, 150, 152, 153–156, Croft, Herbert 96 158–181, 182–183, 185, 251, 255, Crofton, Zachary 26, 70, 76, 77, 81 261, 280, 338, 339, 346, 354, 358, Reformation not Separation (1662) 81 360, 362, 393, 397 Cromwell, Oliver. 3, 4, 12–13, 14, 15, 20, and London Whigs 189–190, 192, 193, 21, 82, 107, 110, 114, 139, 283, 360 194, 201, 216, 222, 226, 231, 242, Cromwell, Richard 4, 5, 13, 19, 20, 57, 189, 247–248, 250, 251, 256, 262–263, 233 284, 341–343, 344, 345–347, 348, Crowd in politics 30, 32–33, 35, 46, 48, 51, 349, 350, 351–352, 359, 363 52, 57, 63, 65, 92, 95, 110–112, and parliamentary opposition/Whigs, 159–160, 175, 181–182, 205, 233, 1679–81 169, 191, 208, 212–213, 236–237, 245, 252–253, 256, 259, 215, 217, 219, 232, 238, 244, 253, 264, 266, 267, 288, 289, 315, 349, 256, 267, 341–343 354, 367–368, 369

Index 455

Crowne, John 144, 185–186, 188, 209, 211, 249, City Politiques (1683) 358 286, 412–413 Cudworth, Ralph, 133 political thought of 293, 305, 306–308, Cullum, John 412 310 Customs (farmers, officials, revenues) 130, Dissenting meetings (general) 91–92, 96, 286, 320, 388 120–121, 122, 125, 158, 189, 238, 241, 243, 251, 258, 280–281, 286, Dafforne, Thomas 128, 405 287, 288, 290, 291, 304, 311–312, Danby, Earl of. See Osborne 377, 390. For specific meetings, see Dandy, Andrew 132, 405 London and suburbs (Topographical): Dangerfield, Thomas 181 Buildings, meeting places, and Daniel, Alderman Sir Peter 312, 355–356, monuments. 371, 383, 422 disruption of 86, 109, 110–111, 229, 242, Daniel, William 412 245–246, 353–354, 356, 358, 363, Dashwood, Alderman Sir Samuel 319–320, 374, 382 323, 422 Divine right ideas 83, 154–155, 157, 179 Davenant, Charles 289 Dodson, Sir William 314, 320, 422 Davies, Robert 412 Dolben, Sir William 151 Dawson, Joseph 412 Dolins, Abraham 132, 133, 405 Declaration and Vindication ...of the City Dove, Henry 288 (1660) 65 Dover 148, 196 Declaration of Rights (1689) 315, Downing, Sir George 286 398 Dryden, John 197, 221, 237, 247, 273, 274, Delima, Robert 132, 405 293, 297 Denew, James 415 Dubois, John 132, 133, 136, 140, 147, 163, Dering, Sir Edward 206 197, 202, 203–204, 211, 218–219, Desborough, John 20, 28, 30, 58, 62 226, 235, 249, 257, 315, 319, 322, Dissenters 85, 86, 93–115, 116, 117, 324, 355, 356, 357, 405, 415 119–124, 138, 142, 143, 151, and shrieval election of 1682 256, 155–156, 159, 171, 206–207, 210, 258–262, 264, 266, 267–269, 300, 233, 273, 274, 364, 377–379, 388, 343, 347, 348–349, 353, 356, 360, 390–391, 397, 406, 411. See also 362, 364, 366, 367–369, 371 Baptists and “Anabaptists”; Ducane family 282 Independents; Presbyterians; Quakers; Ducane, Benjamin 128, 412 Reformed Protestants; sectarians; Dudson, Edward 412 Whigs, in London: and dissenters Du Moulin, Peter 136 civic opposition and 16, 18, 100, England’s Appeal (1673) 136 108–110, 118, 134–139, 147–148, Duras, Louis de, Earl of Feversham 215 151, 157, 161–162, 165, 178 Dutch/the Netherlands 251, 342, 350, 358, community in London 17–18, 101, 117, 371, 380. See also Anglo-Dutch Wars 125–134, 147–148, 152, 156, 166, attitudes toward 94, 105, 132 184, 282–283, 292, 300, 311, 317, Dutch Reformed church 80, 126, 127, 132, 330, 336, 383, 387, 391 133, 284, 312, 319 dissenting identity 86–87, 92, 125, 147, Dyer, Lawrence 415 293 ecclesiology of 302–306 Eades, Francis 379 ejected and other dissenting clergy 15, 72, East India Company 6, 11, 13, 73, 82, 83, 84, 87, 88, 98, 107, 120, 153, 158, 99, 159, 289, 322–324 273, 280, 281, 282–283, 304, 353, East India trade, external subscription 383, 390. See also Independents: (1682) 322–323 clergy; Presbyterians: clergy Edinburgh 309 London trade and 83, 129–130 Edward I 295 on Court of Aldermen 85, 98, 130, 227 Edward II 370 on Court of Common Council 76, 80, Edward III 103, 145 98–99, 109, 125–133, 138, 139, 140, Edward VI, reformation of 309

456 Index

Edwards, Alderman Sir James 176, 422 Flewellen, William 412 Edwin, Humphrey 235 Florence 297 Elizabeth I 236, 282 Foley family 131 Ellis, John 187, 415 Foley, Paul 133 Ellis, Richard 406 Ford, Alderman Sir Richard 38, 77, 111 Essex, Earl of. See Capel Fortescue, Edmond 406 Essington, Peter 376 Forth, Dannet 98, 109, 130, 406 Essington, Thomas 391 Forth, John 98, 109, 130, 147, 406 Evelyn, John 91, 95, 385 Forth, William 130, 406 Everard, Samuel 406 Foster, Jacob 406 Exchequer 51, 149, 270, 345, 353, 356, Fowke, Alderman John 76, 85 384 Fowler, Edward 280 Exchequer, Stop of 321 France 94, 231, 243, 251, 315 Excise 24, 74–75, 82, 95, 130, 158, 230, attitudes toward 94, 95, 97, 105, 107, 319 130, 135–137, 139, 145, 150, 158, Excise commissioners 319 159, 161, 180, 198, 319, 358, 375 Exclusion. See Succession issue France, trade with 318, 319 Exclusion Crisis. See Restoration Crisis, Frederick, Alderman Sir John 80, 81, 82, 98, historiography about 109, 127, 132, 270–271, 314, 322, Exeter, Countess of 280 345, 406, 416 Eyles, John 130, 406 Freeholders Choice (1679) 179 French Reformed church 87, 95, 105, 126, Farewel Sermons, A Complete Collection of 132, 133, 197, 235, 282, 283, 312, (1663) 88–89 315, 319 Farrington, Daniel 406 French, Laurence 406 Feasts and dinners 93, 189, 191, 251, 383 Artillery Company 136, 181, 199, 228, Gale, Nathaniel 363 252 Garway, William 124 Bridge-house 192, 227, 228, 255, 259 Gauci, Perry 282 French, 1847–8, 250 Gauden, John 53 mayoral 181, 199, 204, 241, 345 Geffrey, Alderman Sir Robert 423 shrieval 197 Geneva 254, 282, 309 Tory 248, 251, 253, 261 Genew, John 320, 423 Whig 247, 250, 252–254, 261, 266, 343 George I 316 Ferguson, Robert 127, 136, 184, 228, 255, Gerard, Sir Gilbert Bt 61, 187 263, 307, 308, 342, 343, 346, 350, Germany 318 351, 360, 365, 374, 382 Gething, Maurice 406 Feversham, Earl of. See Duras Gibbs, William 406 Fifth Monarchists 105, 178, 281, 378, 379 Gilbourne, Percival 423 Fifth Monarchist Rising, London (1661) Gladman, John 119, 378 71, 75, 110, 378 Glorious Revolution. See Revolution of Filmer, Sir Robert 170 1688–9 Finch, Daniel 206 Gloucester 42, 45, 48, 280 Finch, Heneage, Earl of Nottingham 141, Glover, Thomas 406 260 Godfrey, Michael 204, 232, 267, 281, 313, Finch, Joseph 412 319, 322, 324, 416 Fire of London (1666) 70, 82–83, 90–91, 92, Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry 150, 159, 182, 93, 94, 125, 135, 145, 158, 232, 254, 204, 319 259, 352 Gold, Alderman Sir Thomas 239–240, Fitzharris, Edward 218, 232 241, 269, 325, 343, 344–345, 348, Fitzroy, Henry, Duke of Grafton 248 416 Flanders 158, 160, 162, 175 Goldie, Mark 170 Flavell, John 415 Goldsmith-bankers and goldsmiths 30, 94, Fleetwood, Charles 20, 28, 30, 34, 36, 38, 95, 139, 290, 316, 317, 320, 321, 39 325

Index 457

Gooday, George 412 Hayes, Joseph 391–392 Goodenough, Francis 365 Hayes, Sir James 392 Goodenough, Richard 197, 229, 234–235, Heads of Grievances (1689) 398 351, 359, 362–364, 365–369, 371, Hearth tax 82, 363 374, 375, 376, 380–382, 416 Heatley, Thomas 423 Goodfellow, Mathias 249 Hebrew scriptures, references to 89, 92 Goodwin, John 89, 282, 291 Hedges, William 407 Goodwin, Thomas 280, 291 Helby, Joseph 376, 377 Gosfright, Francis 127 Heraclitus Ridens 236, 244 Gostlyn, Alderman Sir William 423 Herbert, Henry, Baron Herbert of Cherbury Gouge, Thomas 87, 133, 406 247, 264 Gould, John Jr 406 Herne, Sir Nathaniel 159, 161 Grafton, Duke of. See Fitzroy Hertfordshire 187, 337, 346, 352, 360, 362 Grainge, Crispe 376, 377 Hesilrige, Sir Arthur 20, 21, 28, 41–42, 47, Gravesend 48 59, 62 Greaves, Richard 170, 343 Hewling, Benjamin 407 Green Ribbon club 139, 149, 160, 181, 234, Hewson, John 33, 42 287, 359 Hickes, George 286 Gregson, Nicholas 132, 407 Hickes, Joseph 377 Grey, Anthony, Earl of Kent 263–264, 269 High Court of Justice (1649) 128 Grey, Ford, Lord Grey of Wark 191, 204, Hilton, George 360 215, 256, 263, 342, 346, 350, 351, Hilton, John 245, 353, 354 352, 359, 365, 380 Hockenhall, George 192 Grifﬁth, Francis 423 Hoddesdon 360 Grifﬁth, George 363 Holgate, William 412 Grimstone, Sir Harbottle Bt 154 Holles, Denzil, Baron Holles 144, 154 Grotius, Hugo 102 Holles, Gilbert, Earl of Clare 247, 250, Gunpowder Treason, commemoration of. 264 See November 5th Hone, William 363, 364, 366, 381 Gunston, John 407 Hooke, Caleb 233 Hooker, Alderman Sir William 110, 137, Hackshaw, John 416 138, 316, 423 Hackshaw, Robert 407 Horton, Owen 407 Haley, K. H. D. 343 Hotham, Sir John Bt 131 Halifax, Marquess of. See Savile Houblon family 95, 282, 319 Hammond, John 416 Houblon, James 95, 281, 319, 322, Hampden, John 217, 359 323–324, 417 Hampson, Henry 412 Houblon, Peter Sr 283 Hampton Court 227 Houblon, Peter Jr 197, 283, 313, 322, 417 Hams, Stephen 128, 130, 407 Houlton, Nathaniel 132, 407 Hanoverian era 7 Hovenar, Henry 407 Harbin, Morren 407 How(e), Alderman Sir Richard 257, 313, Harrington, James 25, 54, 106, 117 423 Harrington, John 158 Howard, Matthew 407 Harrington, William 412 Howard, William, Baron Howard of Escrick Harris, Tim 169, 170, 171 232, 247, 342, 346, 351, 358–359, Harrison, Edmund 236 380 Hartley, Thomas 407 Howe, John 303 Harvard College 132 Howell, John 138 Hatch, Anthony 412 Howlett, Thomas 412 Hawes, Nathaniel 423 Hulbert, John 127, 407 Hawkins, Richard 355, 416 Hull 58 Hayes, James 99, 110, 111, 112, 127, 128, Humfrey, John 100, 102, 103, 104, 105–106, 131, 163, 211, 314, 391, 392, 407, 121, 122, 123, 143, 198, 206, 207, 417 214, 301, 303, 304, 305, 308

458 Index

Hunlocke, Francis 407 Jeffreys (conspirator) 366 Hunt, Thomas 294, 296, 358, 393 Jeffreys, Sir George Bt 140, 151, 175–176, Defence of the Charter of London (1683) 186, 192, 194–195, 203, 205, 209, 300, 358 226, 234, 241, 248, 260, 261, 371, Hutchinson, Richard 417 389, 423 Hyatt, William 412 Jekyll, John Sr 81, 99, 110, 111, 112, 131, Hyde, Edward, Earl of Clarendon 41, 70, 77, 134, 320, 380, 407, 417 85, 93, 94, 95, 96, 143 Jelly, William 412 Hyde, Henry, Earl of Clarendon 262 Jemmott, Philip 408 Hyde, Laurence, Earl of Rochester 248, 261, Jenkin, William 76 262, 269 Jenkins, Sir Leoline 194–196, 209, 226, 228–229, 235, 245, 257, 259, 260, Iberian merchants and wine trade 318–319 261, 263, 265, 269, 344, 374, Independents 5, 10–11, 12, 16, 17, 26, 28, 383 59, 62, 70, 75, 76, 77, 97, 98, 99, Jenks, Francis 145–148, 150, 158, 160–161, 101, 114, 117, 120, 121, 124, 126, 162, 164, 176–177, 188, 197, 200, 128–228, 233, 280–281, 282, 284, 261, 312, 344–345, 371, 380–381, 287, 288, 291, 303, 304, 347, 350, 417 363, 366, 377 Jennings, Richard 412 clergy 4, 10–11, 26, 85, 89, 92, 96, 102, Jennings, William 408 126–127, 129, 136, 228, 282, 291 Jesuits 160 in London government 11, 20, 73, 80, 81, Jews, in London 279 129, 311–312 Johnson, Abraham 408 Indulgence, Declarations of 84–85, 89, 116, Johnson, John 316, 325, 423 119, 121, 122, 153, 246 Johnson, Joshua 408 Informers 245 Johnson, Thomas 187 Innes, James 88, 120, 121, 407 Jolliffe family 128 Interloping merchants 11, 129 Jolliffe, John 49, 82, 127, 128, 129, 131, Interregnum 64, 79, 80, 82, 110, 125, 131, 133, 408 276, 284, 300, 309, 314, 316, 371 Jolliffe, William 131, 133, 408 Ireland 123, 159, 189, 347 Jones, John 76 Ireton, Alderman John 20, 21, 24, 27, 28, Jones, Sir William 203, 205, 249 61, 63, 128, 407 Just and Modest Vindication of ...the Two Irish witnesses (of Popish Plot) 218, 232, 235 last Parliaments (1681) 207, 223, Italy, trade with 318, 320 224 Jordan, Thomas 408 Jacobites 399 Joyce, George 110 Jacombe, Thomas 56, 57, 76, 87, 120, 127, Juries 113–114, 199, 212, 223, 237, 240, 242, 245, 280, 360, 407 241, 242, 245, 262, 353, 359, 362, James, Duke of York, afterwards James II 371, 392, 394 64, 95, 118, 136, 139, 151, 158, 162, London 212, 224, 233, 234, 235, 236, 169, 175–176, 180–181, 189, 200, 244, 252, 256, 264, 336, 376 202–203, 206, 208, 209, 210, 217, Middlesex 191, 199, 208, 227, 232, 234 218, 219, 223, 231, 232, 250, 254, Westminster 192, 193, 194, 212, 215 256, 264, 265, 283, 337, 352, 375, Jurin family 282 381, 384–385, 387, 388, 389, 392, Jurin, Isaac 283 399 Jurin, John 283 and Anglican loyalism, in London 78, 110, Justices of the Peace 142, 155, 245, 247, 163, 164, 188, 199, 250, 251, 252, 353, 382, 385 253, 322 London 7 hostility to the succession of, in London Middlesex 150, 216, 223, 234 163, 164, 184, 191, 193, 194, 199, 205, 208, 215, 220, 248, 250–252, Kay, John 408 256, 268, 335, 346. See also Keeling, Josiah 363, 364, 365–366, 368, Succession issue 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 382 Jasperson, Thomas 407 Kennet, White 337

Index 459

Kent 56 Civic opposition (1670s) 18, 117–118, Kent, Earl of. See Grey 134–151, 152, 156, 158, 159, Kifﬁn, William 22, 58, 63, 85, 89, 97, 109, 160–163, 166, 172–173, 174, 175, 126, 127, 128, 129, 280, 380, 176, 178–180, 197, 206, 235, 294, 408 318–319, 395 King’s Bench, Court of 208, 250, 287, 298, Corporation and Commonwealth regimes 338, 347–348, 356, 360, 361–362, 4–5, 13–14, 19–20, 21–52, 73, 74 368, 370–372, 384, 385, 394 assessments and rates 22–23, 25, 27, 32, Kingston 208 43, 44, 45, 47 Knightly, Lucy 197, 408, 417 Corporation and parliament (from 1660) Knights, Mark 169–171 73–75, 112 Crown and the Corporation 9, 16, 62, Lambarde, William 295 64–65, 74, 75, 77–78, 84, 110, 135, Lambert, John 28–29, 30, 39, 46, 57, 58, 59, 139, 141, 145, 160, 164–165, 187, 62–63, 418 194–196, 212, 223–224, 225, 226, Lane, John 129, 311, 408, 418 228, 229, 234, 236–237, 242, 246, Langham, Alderman John 42 255–256, 289, 294–295, 296, 299, Langham, Thomas 424 311, 331, 338, 341, 343–344, 345, Langley, Alderman John 129, 131, 408 347, 353, 365, 371–372, 383–386, Laslett, Peter 395 387, 388–392 Laud, William 13, 142, 143, 153, 302, 306 Lieutenancy commission 7, 80, 109, Lawrence, Alderman Sir John 81, 98, 108, 150, 216, 225, 226, 227, 241, 243, 109, 134, 135, 251, 263–264, 284, 267, 367, 373, 383 324, 418 Livery companies 53, 245, 297, Lawson, John 36, 37, 38 325–329, 330, 344, 345, 353, 358, Lea, Thomas 374, 375, 378, 379, 380 389 Lenthall, Thomas 27, 30, 412 Loans to government and requests for Lenthall, William 27, 30, 39, 81 loans 21, 53, 63, 74, 75, 82, 94, L’Estrange, Sir Roger 72–73, 86, 88, 186, 125–127, 133, 147, 158, 165, 189, 188, 205, 244, 258, 273, 274, 275, 411 293, 297, 299–300, 335, 336, 344, Militia 3, 7, 13, 21, 22–23, 30, 34, 35, 349, 376, 380 41, 47, 48, 53–58, 63, 77, 97, The Observator 223, 236 110–111, 177, 181, 211, 215, 225, Levant Company and Levant merchants 11, 241, 243, 253, 257, 261, 265, 267, 13, 49, 73, 82–83, 129, 255, 268, 269, 346, 349, 358, 367, 373 318–320, 322–323 Militia commissioners (1659–60) 21, Levellers 10, 11–12, 22, 97, 128, 145, 147, 22–23, 28, 30, 55, 58–59, 60, 63, 178, 244, 284, 300, 338 128 Lever, James 408 Parliamentary elections 8, 61, 71, Lewes, Edward 408 76–77, 161, 177–178, 179, 213 Lewis, Alderman Sir Simon 194, 195, 424 Parliamentary members 13, 20, 34, 47, 61, Light, Anthony 408 76, 85, 131, 162, 163, 177–178, 186, Lilburne, John 12, 101, 109, 113, 128, 147, 196, 201, 202, 203–204, 206, 209, 162 211, 213, 216, 218, 226, 283, Lincolnshire 42, 316 314 Lindley, Keith 8 Population and demography 6, 171 Loades, Henry 424 Society and social groups Lobb, Stephen 184, 353, 377, 378 apprentices 3, 5, 6, 23, 31, 32–35, Locke, John 122, 238, 255, 271, 274, 293, 36–37, 42, 43, 45, 46, 52, 56, 59, 92, 305, 338, 339, 359, 392–393, 397 131, 189, 230, 242, 252, 253, 261, Second Treatise of Government (1690) 315, 349, 354 170, 338, 393–398 “mechanicks,’’ menu peuple, plebs, poor Toleration, essays about 96 25, 46, 65–66, 83, 169, 233, 279, London. See also next two entries 284, 286, 287, 289, 292, 339–340, Artillery Company 136, 181, 199, 347, 349, 351, 363–364, 376, 378, 215–216, 248, 251, 253, 367 382, 396, 398, 399

460 Index

London (cont.) Committees of Safety 34, 38 merchants 6, 73, 82–83, 94–95, 99, Common Councilmen and Court of 119, 129–130, 235, 279, 281–282, Common Council 7, 11, 13, 21, 27, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 290–291, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40–41, 42, 43, 44, 292, 314, 317–318, 320, 321–325, 45, 47–48, 49, 52, 74, 77, 95, 130, 326, 382, 398 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140–142, middling sort and shopkeepers 146, 147, 149, 150, 158, 159, 129–130, 281–282, 284, 286, 287, 160–161, 162, 187–188, 195–205, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 317–320, 210, 216, 217, 220, 222, 228, 234, 322, 325, 326–327, 338, 376, 240, 247, 255, 276, 279, 281, 284, 398 291, 292, 294, 296, 312, 314, 369, London (Constitutional) 371–372, 373, 379, 383, 390, 398, Aldermen and Court of Aldermen 7–8, 11, 412–413 13, 21, 27, 30, 34, 36, 38, 40, 41, 47, and by-laws of the Corporation 11, 13, 49, 50, 83, 86, 97–98, 140–141, 147, 80, 109, 138, 146, 247, 249, 294, 149, 150, 151, 160–161, 164, 165, 365, 371 175–176, 185, 186, 192, 195, 196, committees, ad hoc 21, 27, 74–75, 80, 199, 209, 216, 225–227, 237, 240, 83, 109, 110, 135, 137, 138, 147, 242, 248, 251, 252–253, 257, 259, 164, 247, 249, 311, 383, 384. See 260, 262, 264–265, 266–268, 269, also London (Constitutional): quo 280, 283, 284, 299, 300, 301, 320, warranto case and committee 322–323, 343, 344, 345, 348, 349, committees, standing 7, 75, 80, 81, 140, 355, 356, 358, 362, 366, 367–368, 150 372, 381, 382, 385, 389, 398 elections of 7, 28, 37–38, 47, 73, 79, 80, elections of 7, 81, 97–98, 194, 257, 139, 142, 209, 243–244, 248–249, 355 276, 277, 290, 291, 354, 355–356, political composition of 81, 82, 98 357 privileges and powers of 83, 97–98, meetings of 7, 11, 24, 30–31, 32, 34, 138, 139, 140–142, 162, 188, 239, 36, 42, 50, 134, 137, 140–141, 145, 385 186, 188, 190, 211, 226–227, 247, qualiﬁcations for election of 7, 197 357–358, 373, 384–385 veto 11, 135, 138, 141, 150, 160, 164, petitions and addresses. See Petitions 188, 227, 228, 371 and addresses, London: from Bridgemasters 109, 193 Corporation (in common council) Chamber 149 political composition of 98–99, Chamberlain 150–151, 177, 193, 352 248–249, 276, 278–285, 287, 289, elections of 8, 134, 371, 383 357 Charter and civic constitution 5, 9, 22, 27, Common Hall 8–9, 27, 32, 108, 109, 134, 32, 41, 49, 79, 80, 140–141, 186, 138, 144, 145, 146, 148, 150–151, 195, 198, 212, 224, 269, 294–296, 161, 176, 177–178, 192–193, 300, 301, 372–373, 383–386, 389, 194–195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 398 213, 220, 240–241, 247, 255, consensual expectations 12, 13–14, 16, 258–261, 262, 265–266, 269–270, 18, 66, 84, 117, 137, 139–140, 141, 273, 295, 296–300, 325, 344–345, 146–147, 162, 164, 188, 192, 346, 361, 371, 372, 373, 383, 385, 198–199, 213, 218–219, 247, 268, 390, 394. See also Liverymen 284, 293–300, 301–302, 340, 343, Common Sergeant 140, 192, 194, 266, 361, 369–370, 372, 374, 384, 391, 268, 369, 372 393–394, 397–398 Coroner 362, 372 quo warranto case and committee 93, Freemen and freedom 7, 10, 135, 145, 191, 237, 242, 246, 249–250, 256, 146, 162, 164, 192, 294–297, 354, 262, 270, 293, 339, 343, 355, 356, 356, 373, 383 357–358, 361, 370, 371–372, 374, Householders, housekeepers 7, 46, 62, 66, 375. See also Whigs, in London: and 110, 277–279, 281, 284–285, 288, quo warranto 296

Index 461

Liverymen 3, 8, 27, 137–138, 139, 145, 235, 237, 240, 241, 245, 247, 251, 146–147, 148, 177–178, 179, 255, 257, 262, 264, 268–270, 192–193, 194–196, 213, 240, 247, 294–296, 297–298, 331, 338, 341, 256, 257, 258–260, 262, 264–266, 342–343, 344, 350, 361–362, 364, 267–268, 276, 295–297, 298, 365, 371, 372, 384. See also Bethel, 325–329, 344–345, 361, 389 Slingsby; Cornish, Henry; Forth, Lord Mayor 8, 30, 34, 35, 41, 46, 139, Dannet; Lewis, Sir Simon; Love, 150, 151, 160, 162, 164, 165, 176, William; North, Sir Dudley; 185, 201, 209, 213, 216, 242, Pilkington, Thomas; Rich, Peter; 252–253, 254, 255, 294, 295, 296, Shute, Samuel; Ward, Sir Patience 297–299, 301, 316, 320, 331, 343, elections of 109, 137–138, 144, 174, 348, 349, 361, 362, 372, 389. See 176, 192–199, 223, 225, 227–229, also Alleyn, Sir Thomas; Browne, Sir 233, 245–246, 254–268, 271, Richard; Clayton, Sir Robert; 294–296, 300, 325, 338, 341–343, Edwards, Sir James; Hooker, Sir 345, 346, 347, 371, 373, 381, 385, William; Ireton, John; Moore, Sir 393, 395 John; Pritchard, Sir William; mayoral nomination of 8, 150, 192, Robinson, Sir John; Sheldon, Sir 195, 227, 228–229, 255, 256, 258, Joseph; Sterling, Sir Samuel; Turner, 260, 294, 371, 383 Sir William;Vyner, Sir Robert; Ward, Sheriffs’ courts 140–141, 142, 249, 289, Sir Patience; Waterman, Sir George 367 as presiding officer of Common Council Town clerk 372 7, 8, 141, 142 Ward and parish officers (beadles, as presiding officer of Court of churchwardens, constables, deputy Aldermen 8 aldermen, scavangers, watch) 83, 86, elections of 5, 8, 27, 75, 108–109, 138, 110, 159, 195, 211, 245, 280, 357, 142, 177, 199, 223, 230, 239–241, 358, 363, 383 267, 268, 269–270, 288, 325–329, Wardmotes 7, 139, 185, 186, 209, 244, 338, 343, 345, 346, 347, 348, 365, 249, 273, 277, 355, 356, 372 379, 384, 395, 398 London and suburbs (Topographical) Lord Mayor’s court 8, 86, 161 Buildings, meeting places, and monuments Lord Mayor’s day (installation) 159, Africa House 279 345, 346, 385 Amsterdam coffeehouse 270, 341, 394 privileges and powers of 8, 11, Armoury 367, 369 137–138, 146, 255, 294, 371. See Blackfriars, royal printing house in 291 also London (Constitutional): Sheriffs Blackwell Hall 289 of London and Midlesex: Mayoral Bridewell 287 nomination of, 288, 325–329 Bridge House 192, 227, 228, 255, 259 Marshal 368 Bull and Mouth, Quaker meeting at 281 Quo warranto case. See London Charing Cross 142 (Constitutional): Charter and civic Customs House 249, 285, 286 constitution: quo warranto case and Doctors’ Commons 287, 354 committee; Whigs, in London: and Drapers’ Hall 268 quo warranto Exchange (Royal Exchange) 201, 230, Recorder 114, 138, 151, 175, 186, 192, 236, 273, 281, 289, 290, 377 203, 209, 315, 372, 385. See also Excise Office 289 Dolben, Sir William; Howell, John; Fetter Lane, dissenting meeting in Jeffreys, Sir George; Treby, Sir 378 George; Wilde, William Fleet prison 98, 130, 287 Remodeling of 1683–8 328–329, 330, Gatehouse prison 145, 147, 150 340, 388–392 Grace-church Street, Quaker meeting at Sheriffs of London and Middlesex 8, 9, 13, 111, 112, 291 27, 34, 39, 109, 113, 131, 137, 180, Gray’s Inn 253 192–193, 194–196, 197, 198, 201, Gresham College 35, 289 208, 213, 220, 224, 228, 229, 234, Grocers’ Hall 345

462 Index

London and suburbs (cont.) Allhallows Lombard Street 291 Guildhall 24, 30, 33, 50–51, 133, 140, St Andrew Holborn 287, 288 141, 145, 178, 192, 194, 195, 196, St Antholin Budge Row 282 250, 257–258, 259, 260, 261, 262, St Bartholomew Exchange 131 266, 267–268, 269, 285, 289, 295, St Benet Gracechurch 291 336, 344, 364, 389 St Botolph Aldersgate 280, 363 Guildhall chapel 190 St Botolph Aldgate 26, 280 Haberdashers’ Hall 252 St Bride 287, 288 Hearth Ofﬁce 289 St Giles Cripplegate 280, 377 Inns of Court 228, 287, 288 St Giles in the Fields 343 King’s Bench prison 390 St James Garlickhithe 283 King’s Head tavern 181 St Lawrence Jewry 133, 242 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, playhouse at 287 St Leonard Eastcheap 291 Merchant Taylors’ Hall 199, 253 St Magnus the Martyr 89 Middle Temple. See Temple St Margaret New Fish Street 291 Newgate prison 137, 160 St Margaret Westminster 53 Old Bailey 212, 223, 236, 287 St Mary Abchurch 282 Poultry Compter 289, 367 St Mary Aldermanbury 89 Rolls Chapel 288 St Mary le Bow 253 Salters’ Hall, dissenting lecture at 133 St Matthew Friday Street 282 Salutation tavern 347, 351 St Michael Wood Street 159 Skinners’ Hall 247, 367 St Sepulchre 288 Somerset House 42, 45, 175 St Stephen Coleman Street 291 St Paul’s Cathedral 35, 78, 90, 190, 285, St Stephen Walbrook 89, 283 287, 288, 291, 314 St Thomas the Apostle 283 Sun tavern 201, 205 Streets and public places Temple (Inner and Middle) 187, 287, Abchurch Lane 346 288, 359, 360 Aldersgate 236, 377, 393 Temple Bar 259, 349, 364 Barbican 351 Thanet House 251, 343, 393 Billingsgate Market 286 Theatre Royal 358 Bishopsgate 111, 350, 378 Threadneedle Street, French church at Cannon Street 32 132 Chancery Lane 46, 182, 287 Tower of London 35, 39, 40, 63, 145, Cheapside 46, 111, 251, 349, 375 147, 148, 150, 164, 216, 218, 242, Cornhill 144, 148, 251, 349, 377 257, 259, 266, 285, 286, 336, Covent Garden 343 360–377, 381 Drury Lane 358 Wallingford House 34 East Smithﬁeld 363 Whitehall 3, 34, 46, 49, 50, 51, 243, Finsbury Fields 50 257, 261, 265, 266, 285, 345, 356, Grace-church Street 111, 112, 291 389 Gray’s Inn Lane 46 Wood Street Compter 292 Hedge Lane, Charing Cross 251, 252 City without the Walls 76, 99, 140, 185, Holborn 46 277–278, 281, 314 Hounsditch 376 Contested space 276–279, 290–292, 313 Hyde Park 63 Inner City 76, 99, 130, 140, 185, Ironmonger Lane 366 277–278, 281–283, 285, 287, 288, Leadenhall Street 279 291, 313–314, 363 Lombard Street 94, 347 Liberties Lothbury 111 St Martin le Grand 281 Ludgate 248, 251, 288 Middle City 76, 99, 140, 185, 277–278, Mile End Green 376 292, 314 Millbank 376 Parishes and churches, 277–278, 292, 314 Mincing Lane 314 Allhallows Barking 286 Minories 320 Allhallows Bread Street 89, 282 Moorgate 216

Index 463

Newgate 349 Castle Baynard 248, 284, 285, 287, Old Street 374 288, 320 Poultry 349 Cheap 249, 285, 288–289, 291, 292 Queen Street 190 Coleman Street 290, 291–292 St James’s Fields 45 Cordwainer 281–283 St Paul’s Churchyard 142, 187 Cornhill 290–291 Stocks Market 139, 246, 349 Cripplegate Within 204, 291–292, 357 Strand 46 Cripplegate Without 91, 277, 279–280, Threadneedle Street 132, 377 283, 313, 343, 351, 357, 374, 377 Tower Hill 216, 236, 286 Dowgate 284, 289, 313, 320 Tyburn 63 Farringdon Within 284, 290, 291–292 Suburbs and environs Farringdon Without 209, 249, 284–285, Clerkenwell 375 287–288, 352, 355, 357 Deptford 217 Langbourn 290–291 East End 363, 364, 376 Lime Street 288, 289 Limehouse 349 Portsoken 277, 279–280, 313, 320, 363 Moorﬁelds 182, 367 Queenhithe 283–284, 313 Newington 258 Tower 248, 284, 285–287, 313, 314, Primrose Hill 159 320 Rotherhithe 349 Vintry 194, 199, 283–284, 313 Shadwell 89 Walbrook 204, 281–283, 366 Southwark 6, 61, 80, 214, 216, 226, Whig space 276–284, 290, 292–293, 299, 245, 257, 259, 266, 281, 312, 316, 300–301, 310, 311, 313, 330, 336, 363, 372, 378 357, 363, 376, 377, 383, 391, 392, Spitalﬁelds 351, 367, 376, 377 396 Stepney 89, 187, 347, 377 Longford, Earl of. See Aungier Tower Hamlets 226 Louis XIV 135, 136, 145, 148, 151, 157, Wapping 233, 343, 346, 363, 377 158–231, 256, 319, 387–388 West End 161, 251, 281, 322, 364, 376, Love, Alderman William 38, 41, 77, 80, 82, 377 131, 161, 162, 177, 201, 204, 205, Westminster 3, 6, 22, 40, 46, 50, 56, 58, 207, 208, 314, 322, 418 61, 78, 87, 122, 141, 149, 159, 175, Low Countries 318–319 182, 184, 189, 209, 213, 214, 230, Lowestoft, naval battle (1665) 94 236, 250, 251, 270, 281, 345, 346, Ludlow, Edmund 20, 21, 48, 79 349, 376 Luttrell, Narcissus 223, 362, 368, 373, Whitechapel 377 382 Woolwich 216 Luxembourg 231 Thames river 95, 277, 284, 286, 289 Tory space 276–279, 284–289, 290, Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Lord 292–293, 301, 310, 311, 313, 330, Macaulay 14, 337 357 Machiavelli, Niccolo 154, 359 Wards Magna Charta 24, 103, 105, 113, 140, 146, Aldersgate Within 257, 284, 288 344, 364 Aldersgate Without 233, 257, 277, Manley, John 182 279–280, 283–284, 313, 349, 377 Manning (conspirator) 363 Aldgate 277, 279, 313, 357, 363, 376 Manton, Thomas 53, 56, 57, 76, 109, 120 Bassishaw 284, 288–289, 291, 292, 357 Market Harborough 43 Billingsgate 284, 285–287, 313 Marshall, John 338, 397 Bishopsgate Within 287, 288, 289, 320 Marvell, Andrew 112, 117, 118, 131, 149, Bishopsgate Without 284, 287, 288, 152, 153, 154–156 289, 320 Marwood, George 131, 408 Bread Street 281–283, 291 Mary I 88, 89 Bridge 290–291, 355 Mary II 313 Broad Street 288–289 Mascall, John 81, 82, 99, 412 Candlewick 281–283 Mascall, Robert 408

464 Index

Massachusetts Bay Company and colony Natural law and natural rights 103, 113 131, 132 Navy 36, 94, 110, 149, 325 Mayne, Samuel 233, 368, 376, 379 Nelson, Gilbert 366, 367 Mead, Matthew 22, 89, 242, 347, 377, Nelthorpe, Edward 140, 150, 413 408 Nelthorpe, Richard 131, 148–149, 360, 365 Mead, William 111, 112–113, 137, Netherlands. See Dutch/the Netherlands 199 New England 131–132 Medway, Dutch naval raid (1667) 95 New England Company 132 Mercers’ Company 264, 267 New Model Army 4–5, 9, 11, 13–14, 20–21, Merchant Taylors’ Company 199, 212 22, 23, 25, 26, 28–39, 40–41, 42, Merriton, John 408 45–51, 55–56, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, Merriton, Matthew 408 119, 128, 378 Merriweather, Edward 409 commissioners (1660) 47–48, 49–50 Micklethwaite, Sir John 130, 409 ofﬁcers 4, 19, 27, 28, 35, 45, 58–59, 60, Mico, Walter 409 63, 346, 379 Middlesex 6, 45, 61, 87, 122, 214, 226, 234, Newland, Alderman Sir Benjamin 285, 316, 241, 245, 264, 280, 281 322, 424 Midgley, John 424 Newmarket 141, 230, 250, 265, 344, 345, Midlands 43, 63 360, 362, 384 Milner, Alderman Tempest 80 Nicholl(s), John 424 Milton, John 10, 54, 89, 104, 280 Nicholson, Humfrey 195, 196, 228, 424 Mocket, Richard Nonconformists. See Dissenters God and the King (1618) 89 Norfolk 48 Moderation (1660) 56 Norman Conquest 296 Monck, Anne (Clarges) 49 North, Alderman Sir Dudley 255–257, 258, Monck, George, Duke of Albermarle 5, 56, 260–261, 264, 266, 267, 268, 269, 61, 64, 89, 128 270, 319–320, 322, 342, 352, 353, and Charles II 43, 45, 46 355–356, 357, 398, 425 and Committee of Safety (1659–60) 29, North, Roger 175, 186, 297, 349–350, 369 30–31, 34 North, Sir Francis 208, 255, 261, 320, 372, and Corporation of London 15, 32, 37, 425 42, 48–53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61 Northallerton 187 and Long Parliament 57, 59, 60 Northern England 30, 32, 34, 39, 48 and Rump 39–40, 42–43, 45–52, 56–57 Northern European merchants and trade 97, Monmouth, Duke of. See Scott 311, 318–320 Monmouth’s Rebellion (1685) 381, 388 Nottingham, Earl of. See Finch Moore, Alderman Sir John 98, 239–241, November 5th 136, 159, 236, 347, 349, 354 274, 312, 322, 364, 365, 394, 413, November 17th 181–182, 205, 236, 346, 424 349–350 and shrieval election of 1682 255, Noyes, John 375 257–262, 265–266, 267–268, 341, Nye, Philip 10, 26, 85, 102, 122, 123, 280 390 Lawfulness of the Oath (1683) 102 as lord mayor 243, 247, 248, 250, 251, The King’s Authority (1687) 101 268–269, 294, 297–299, 342–343, 344–345, 357 Oates, Titus 157, 159 Whigs suits against 262, 298, 342–343, Oaths 46–47, 52, 72, 99, 117, 140, 143, 152, 348, 362 153, 154, 166, 313, 344, 353, 356 Moore, Robert 409 Occasional conformity 87, 98, 194, 244, Mordaunt, John, Lord Mordaunt 42 282–283, 311, 363–379 Morley, George 124, 142 Opinion, public 40, 42, 43–45, 60, 64, 112, Morrice, John 418 149, 170, 221, 232, 234, 236, 250, Morrice, Roger 178, 192, 204, 207, 241, 292, 301 358 polarization of 156–157, 174–180, Mosse, Henry 413 190–191, 201, 292, 301. See also: Moulins, Robert 413 Parties, in London: and polarization Munster¨ 56 of opinion

Index 465

Ordnance Ofﬁce 316 217–219, 222, 229–230, 231, 232, Ormonde, Duke of. See Butler 294, 317, 370, 388 Osborne, Thomas, Earl of Danby 64, committees 112, 163, 201–202, 206, 116–118, 138–139, 140, 141, 208, 211, 218, 219 142–144, 145, 148, 149, 150–151, Speaker 21, 27, 30, 39, 41, 202, 250, 152, 154, 157, 158, 162–163, 164, 260, 339, 356–357 166, 179, 181, 241, 335 Convention Parliament 62–63, 64, 70, 74 Test bill (1675) 143, 153, 154, dissolutions 58, 59, 60, 161, 164, 174, 155 175, 212, 217, 219, 222, 223, 225, Ossory, Earl of. See Butler 228, 232, 394 Overton, Richard 101 fears about the security of 4–6, 117, 155, Owen, John 4, 10, 26, 88, 96, 100, 103, 160, 161, 169, 170, 179–180, 183, 104, 122, 127, 228, 235, 242, 280, 206, 215, 275, 293, 306, 315, 339, 301, 303, 307, 308, 409 378, 386, 395, 396 Oxford 212, 215–217, 229, 230, 233, 234. ﬁve members (1642) 210 See also Parliament:1681 Parliament free parliament, movement for (1659–60) (Oxford) 5, 24–25, 26, 28–52, 53–55, 57, 64, 65–66, 386 Papillon, Thomas 136, 148–149, 163, 196, general elections and proposals for 197, 202, 203, 218, 226, 235, 315, elections 31, 32, 35–37, 39, 41, 46, 319, 324, 355, 380, 418 49–50, 52, 58, 60, 61, 148, 150, 161, and shrieval election of 1682 256, 174, 212, 213, 247 258–262, 264, 266, 267–269, 300, impeachments 96, 143, 148, 163, 184, 343, 347, 348–349, 353, 356, 357, 208, 218, 231, 232, 298, 356, 357 360, 362, 364, 366, 367–369, 371 Long Parliament 3–4, 9, 15, 19, 20, 29, Paravicini, Alderman Peter 314, 323, 32, 34, 35, 39, 40, 52, 53–54, 57–60, 425 61, 70, 128, 131, 165, 230, 302, 314 Paris 159, 171 secluded members 11, 20, 23, 25, 32, Parker, Samuel 102, 129 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 51–52, 57 Parker, William 413 Lords, House of 9, 59, 71, 124, 143, 155, Parkes, Stephen 409 160, 163, 164, 204–205, 206, 208, Parliament 69, 122–123, 124, 147, 156, 209, 212, 218, 219, 306, 317, 398 191, 219–220, 222–223, 225–231, committees 319 240, 251, 254, 256, 294, 295–296, Nominated Parliament 12 303–304, 338, 355, 357, 364, 387, Oliver Cromwell’s Parliament of 1656 13 398 prorogations 95, 136, 143, 144, 149, 160, “Exclusion” Parliaments 16, 170, 172, 164, 174, 180, 181, 183, 185, 186, 174, 197, 272, 315, 361 188–189, 190, 191, 192, 194, 196, 1679 Parliament 161, 162–166, 174, 180, 201, 202, 207, 208–210, 211, 212, 199, 306 219 1680–81 Parliament 180, 181, 183, 184, Richard Cromwell’s Parliament 5, 19, 20, 185, 188–189, 190, 194, 199, 22, 34, 53, 97 201–209, 210, 212, 214, 224, 243, Rump Parliament 4–5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 244, 285 20–29, 31–32, 34–36, 37, 38–52, 54, 1681 Parliament (Oxford) 174, 202, 213, 56–57, 58, 60, 64, 75, 82, 117, 128, 217–220, 221–222, 226, 232, 247, 162, 189, 194, 226, 310, 312, 315, 254, 285, 301, 343, 394, 395, 396 316, 341, 386, 396 1685 Parliament 388 Statutes Cavalier Parliament 71, 73, 78, 85, 87, 91, Conventicle Act (1664) 72, 86, 96 96, 107, 110, 115, 116–117, 120, Conventicle Act (1670) 100, 107–115, 135, 136–137, 140, 141–144, 145, 116, 117, 119, 120, 123, 125, 137, 150, 151, 156, 157, 158, 159–161, 312, 316, 390, 391 174, 204, 219, 317, 318 Corporation Act (1662) 73, 78–80, 81, Commons, House of 7, 71, 112, 123–124, 84, 98, 107, 112, 143, 153, 198, 204, 131, 136–137, 143, 144, 148, 160, 206, 213, 372 162–163, 164, 176, 198, 201–211, Five Mile Act (1665) 72, 91, 153

466 Index

Parliament (cont.) Pennoyer, William 127, 128, 129, 131, 132, Habeas Corpus Amendment Act (1679) 409 145 Pepys, Samuel 51, 60, 63, 84, 88, 91, 92, 94, Indemnity and Oblivion Act (1660) 74, 95, 96 75 Perryer, George 127, 147, 409 Licensing Act (1662) 72 Petitions and addresses 42, 47, 54, 56, 57, London government act (1649) 11, 14, 59, 64, 139, 160, 164, 180, 208, 24, 81, 83 213–214, 231, 239, 361, 383 London Militia Act (1659) 22, 80 petitioning campaign of 1679–80 183, Militia Act (1662) 80, 153 186–187, 203, 213 Navigation Act (1651) 11 Petition of Right (1628) 24 Quaker Act (1662) 72 “Root and Branch’’ petition (1640) 186 Seditious Sectaries, Act against (1593) Petitions and addresses, London 21, 147, 72, 204, 206, 210, 213, 217, 353 149, 351, 389 Test Act (1673) 119, 123, 136 for a new parliament or session 26, 30–31, Test Act (1679) 160 35, 36, 43–44, 46, 55, 56, 95, 145, Test bill (1675). See Osborne, Thomas, 148, 160–161, 182, 183–185, 191, Earl of Danby: Test bill (1675) 192–194, 196, 213, 222–223, Uniformity Act (1662) 71, 72, 85, 87, 225–227, 228, 229, 235, 250, 256, 89–90, 96, 153 260, 361, 370 Westminster, Statute of (1275) 295, from apprentices 230 298 from citizens 23–24, 32–33, 34, 35, 36, Parties, in London 172–173, 220, 221, 47, 183–185, 188, 196, 203, 211, 272–331, 389, 397–398 243, 267, 357 and polarization of opinion 156, 188, 200, from common hall 148, 192–194, 213, 201, 239, 272–275, 292–293, 228, 229, 260 310–311, 325–329, 331 from Corporation (in common council) 21, emergence of 18, 74, 114, 149, 158, 22, 27, 41, 59, 74–75, 79, 135, 145, 174–201 146, 150, 160–161, 162, 163–165, organization and structures 149, 172–173, 183, 184, 185–186, 204, 211–212, 174, 180, 186, 188, 190, 200, 213, 225–227, 229, 370, 372 228–229, 247, 250–254, 327–328, from loyalists 77, 223, 225–227, 228, 390 229, 234, 250–251, 261, 286 Parties, in the Restoration Crisis 170–171, Petrograd 171 172–173, 183, 219, 221, 231, 388, Peyton, Sir Robert 148, 150, 159, 160, 163 397, 398. See also Tories, in London; Pickard, Thomas 409 Tories/loyalists, in parliamentary and Pilkington, Alderman Thomas 99, 129, 130, national politics (from 1680); Whigs, 135, 161, 162, 163, 164, 177–178, in London;Whigs/opposition, in 196, 197, 201, 202, 203, 204, 208, parliamentary and national politics 209, 227–229, 242, 249, 254, 351, (from 1680) 352, 355, 398, 413, 419 Patshall, John 378, 379, 381 and shrieval election of 1682 258–261, Paul, James 312, 419 266, 267, 268, 371, 381 Peake, Alderman Sir John 425 as sheriff 234, 236, 237, 239–240, Pearl, Valerie 8 247–248, 250 Pemberton, Sir Francis 370 Plague (1665) 70, 90, 91, 93, 94, 125 Penal laws 121, 204, 206, 210 Plampin, Thomas 409 Pendarvis, Sarah 409 Player, Sir Thomas Jr 134–137, 140, Penn, William 100, 102, 103, 105, 111, 148–149, 150–151, 160–161, 162, 112–114, 137, 165, 199, 301, 303, 163, 181, 188, 190, 193, 196, 197, 307 200, 201, 203, 208, 212, 233, 242, Great Case of Liberty of Conscience 247, 249, 250, 261, 351, 352, 356, (1670) 113 357, 371, 380, 383, 419 One Project for the Good of England and succession issue 164, 175–178, [1679] 165 202–203, 204, 205, 215–216, 217, Penner, Richard 413 218–219, 226, 267

Index 467

Player, Sir Thomas Sr 134 256–257, 258, 260, 272–274, 275, Plots and plotting 18, 85, 191, 221, 291, 293, 301, 306, 335–336, 353, 223–224, 229, 231–233, 240, 249, 390 253, 335–340, 341–342, 358–360, Pritchard, Alderman Sir William 269, 270, 366–367, 368–370, 373–382, 393, 316, 320, 325, 328, 344–345, 346, 396. See also Popish Plot; Whigs and 425 plotting as lord mayor 348–355, 356, 357, 362, “Meal tub’’ plot (1679) 181, 199 364, 371, 372, 379, 383, 384, 385, Northern Plot (1663) 85 398 “Presbyterian plot” (1681) 223, 233, 234, arrest of 365–369, 374 238, 244 Whig suits against 356, 366 Rye House Plot (1682–3) 335, 340, Privy Council and councillors 8, 84, 93, 94, 359–360, 362–365, 366, 367, 380 142, 145, 160, 163, 180, 194, 195, Pocock, John G. A. 117 216, 218, 227, 241, 242, 253, 257, Poll tax 74 259, 260–261, 266, 345, 349, 352, Pollexfen, Henry 260, 343, 361, 370, 371, 356–357, 360, 367, 375, 381 384 Prizes commissioners 130 Polybius and Polybian balance 106–107 Proposal of Union amongst Protestants Pope-burnings 149, 181–182, 205, 233, 236, (1679) 165–166 252, 253, 287, 350, 351 Protectorate 3, 5, 12–13, 19, 20, 25, 53, 55, Popish Plot 118, 152, 156–166, 176, 180, 102, 128 181–182, 184, 202, 206, 211, 214, Prynne, William 20, 59, 76, 79, 282 217, 218, 223, 225, 230, 232–233, Public sphere 272–275, 353, 392 240, 246, 319, 344, 392 Puritans and puritanism 3, 7, 10, 12, 15, 17, Portsmouth 35, 38–39 58, 65, 73, 76, 80, 87, 101, 108, 131, Portugal. See Iberian merchants and wine 133, 135, 154, 182, 280, 282, 290, trade 330, 391, 397. See also Reformed Powell, Samuel 129, 409 Protestants, Dissenters Powell, Thomas 413 Pym, John 149 Powle, Henry 124, 163 Presbyterians 5, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19, 28, Quakers 5, 22, 26, 59, 61, 62–63, 72, 75, 61, 69, 72, 75, 86, 116, 117, 102, 111, 112–113, 122, 126, 137, 120–121, 124, 126, 127–128, 129, 178, 245, 280, 281, 291, 344 131, 132–133, 154, 178, 185, 193, 244, 280–281, 282, 287, 288, 291, Radicalism 101, 170, 301, 338 305, 309, 315, 316, 363, 368, Randall, Edward 409 378–379, 382 Rawstorne, Alderman Sir William 425 clergy 26, 33, 52, 53, 55, 57, 61, 62, Raymond, Alderman Sir Jonathan 248, 320, 70–71, 76, 81, 85, 90, 92, 96, 101, 425 102, 105, 108, 110, 120–121, 124, Reformed Protestants 5–6, 10, 12, 13, 126–127, 129, 133, 207, 273, 280, 14–16, 17, 19, 21, 26, 54–56, 62, 302, 303, 360, 391 64–65, 69–70, 71, 72–73, 74, 81, Commonwealth regimes and 20, 22, 84–85, 86–92, 94, 101, 104, 23–25, 34, 55–57 105–106, 109, 115, 117, 118, 121, in London government 11, 13, 20, 28, 31, 125–127, 130, 131–133, 142, 143, 36, 38, 42, 49, 53–54, 59–60, 61, 62, 145, 152, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 73, 74–81, 82, 99, 129, 284, 311–312 169, 173, 179, 180, 184, 192, 198, liberty for conscience and 16, 26, 70, 76, 206, 207–208, 221, 224, 238, 240, 84, 94, 101, 104, 106, 128, 304 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 272, 273, Stuart Restoration and 15, 17, 37, 44, 57, 274, 280, 281, 282, 284, 286, 288, 59, 61–62, 64–65 289, 302, 304, 306, 311, 319, 324, Prescott, Lewis 409 330, 363, 377, 378–379, 382, 383, Press and politics 40, 52, 54–55, 60, 64, 386, 387, 391, 396–397 72–73, 86, 117, 144, 147, 149, 151, in London government 38, 73, 80–81, 156, 171, 178–180, 214–215, 223, 82–83, 93, 122, 137, 138, 174, 201, 224, 229–230, 234, 244–245, 254, 311–312

468 Index

Remodeling of boroughs 300, 340, 387, 388, 219–220, 236, 239, 240, 245, 246, 394. See also London 252, 275, 302, 308, 309, 336, 346, (Consititutional) Remodeling of 392, 395. See also Popish Plot; 1683–8 Whigs, in London: anti-Catholicism Remonstrance of the Apprentices [1659] 31, and 33 Rome 297, 303 Republicans and republicanism 4, 11, 14, Rosewell, Thomas 391 15, 20, 21, 22, 25–26, 28, 38, 41, 54, Rouse, John 233, 234, 235, 237, 244, 265, 58, 59–60, 61–63, 77, 85, 93, 101, 347, 351, 376, 378 117, 118, 128, 137, 170, 173, 192, Roxbury, Massachusetts 132 196–197, 198, 209, 223, 238, 290, Royal African Company 279, 320, 322, 300, 312, 340, 359–360, 378–380, 324 382, 396, 397, 399 Royal College of Physicians 130, 291 Reresby, Sir John 165, 248 Royal Society 289 Resistance and resistance ideas 72, 79, 83, Rudyard, Thomas 103, 112–114 105, 111, 113, 155, 156, 157, 158, The Peoples Antient and just Liberties 163, 215, 225, 238, 249, 254, 255, asserted (1670) 103 262, 263–264, 266, 270–271, Rugg, Thomas 33, 60 307–308, 337, 338, 341–342, 343, Rumbold, Richard 359, 360, 345–347, 348–352, 358–360, 378 362–365, 368–370, 373–382, Rumsey, John 346, 359, 363 393–394, 395–397, 398–399. See also Russell, Sir William 195, 425 Plots and plotting; Whigs and Russell, William, Lord Russell 240, 255, plotting 264, 335, 336–337, 342, 346, 350, Restoration Crisis, historiography about 359, 395, 398 169–172, 397 Rye House 337, 346 Revolutions of 1648–9 (English, civic) 4, Rye House Plot. See Plots and Plotting 9–10, 11, 19, 20, 28, 30, 38, 39, 53, Ryves, Alderman Sir Richard 83 58, 74, 109, 128, 141, 147, 291, 292, 293, 330, 335, 339 Sacheverell riots (1710) 236, 398 Revolution of 1688–9 99, 188, 235, 239, Sambrooke, Jeremy 81, 128, 413 273, 315–316, 338, 392, 397, Saunders, Sir Edmund 370, 372 398–399 Savage, Richard, Viscount Colchester 247, Reynolds, Edward 53, 56, 57, 70, 96 253 Rich, Alderman Peter 245, 266, 267, 268, Savile, George, Marquess of Halifax 163, 270, 312, 342, 352, 353, 356, 357, 231, 261, 262, 269, 274 425 Sawyer, Sir Robert 260, 370 Richard II 300, 370 Scheme of the Trade (1674) 319 Richardson, Joseph 413 Schwoerer, Lois 171 Roberts, Nicholas 413 Scot, Thomas 20, 21, 43, 47, 50 Roberts, William 413 Scotland and Scottish army 5, 29, 30, 39, Robinson, Alderman Sir John Bt 13, 34, 42, 175, 180, 189, 200, 208, 209, 248, 52, 61, 78, 80, 86, 110, 111, 112, 254, 256, 347, 352, 365, 378 121, 134–135, 286, 288 Scott, James, Duke of Monmouth 159, Robinson, Leonard 235, 419 175–176, 181, 189, 190, 209, 214, Robinson, Luke 43, 50 256, 257, 263–264, 341–342, 350, Robinson, Thomas 409 354, 355, 360, 365, 374, 378, 379 Rohan, Henri, Duc de 105 and London Whigs 200, 201, 216, 222, Rolfe, Thomas 409 236, 240, 247, 250, 252, 253–254, Roman Catholics 61, 85, 122, 123, 159, 255, 267, 343, 346 166, 189, 229, 246, 344 and succession 179, 182, 184, 191, 204, fear of 5–6, 12, 17, 74, 90, 93, 94, 95, 209, 252, 255, 261, 264, 268, 359, 107, 111, 114, 116, 118, 123, 379 136–137, 139, 146, 151–153, 157, Scott, Jonathan 169–170, 171, 173 162, 164, 176, 178, 181–182, 184, Scott, Sir William, laird of Harden 189–190, 199, 202, 205, 206, 210, 242

Index 469

Scroggs, Sir William 199, 208, 298 Sibley, Joseph 413 Seaman, Lazarus 26, 76, 87, 89, 282, Sidney, Algernon 20, 21, 102, 192, 196–197, 409 201, 237, 255, 265, 293, 335, 339, Seamen 35, 48 359, 360, 379–380, 392–393, 395, Sects and sectarians 10–11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 397 28, 30, 55, 58, 61, 70, 71, 72, 74, 78, Discourses Concerning Government 82, 85, 101, 104, 106, 115, 120, 124, (1698) 170, 337, 338, 393–398 125, 128, 151, 152, 153, 173, 185, Sidney, Algernon and Sir William Jones 207, 241, 281, 282, 284, 291, 292, Just and Modest Vindication of ...the Two 300, 304, 344, 377–378, 381, 382, last Parliaments (1681) 207, 223, 396. See also Baptists and 224 “Anabaptists’’; Fifth Monarchists; Skinners’ Company 226, 345 Quakers Skutt, Benjamin 426 civic politics and 11, 20, 38, 49, 55, 73, Slater, Thomas 410 80, 81, 84, 93, 97, 100, 311–312 Smith, Arthur G. 276, 318, 328–329 Commonwealth regimes and 11, 13, 20, Smith, Francis 133, 223 21–22, 23, 29, 45, 47, 54, 57 Smith, James 410 fear of 5–6, 12, 17, 20, 26, 29, 54–63, 64, Smith, Thomas 187 65, 66, 69, 71, 72, 74, 77, 91, 93, Smyth, Alderman Sir James 426 100, 104, 118, 123, 143, 146, 154, Solemn League and Covenant 10, 11, 19, 38, 157, 173, 177, 181, 189, 224, 57, 58, 65, 71–72, 78, 79, 86, 95, 244–245, 246, 273, 275, 290, 302, 189, 244, 245 309, 335, 340, 382, 391, 392, 398 Somers, Samuel 410 Selby, Anthony 185, 187, 413 Somers, William 410 Sessions of the Peace 390. See also Juries; Southampton 316 Justices of the Peace Southwell, Sir Robert 160, 166, 178, 185, London 223, 224, 234–235 289, 301 Middlesex 234 Spain 231. See also Anglo-Spanish War; Southwark 259 Iberian merchants and wine trade Shaftesbury, Earl of. See Cooper Spencer, Robert, Earl of Sunderland Shakespeare, William 390 Richard II 212 Sprat, Thomas 335 Shaw, George 409 Spurstowe, Henry 129, 131, 410 Shaw, Sir John 286 St Albans 43, 288 Sheafe, Harmon 132, 283, 409 St John, Oliver 98 Sheafe, Samuel 283 Stacey, John 413 Sheldon, Alderman Sir Joseph 83, 145, 161, Stafford 267 195, 215, 287, 314, 320, 426 Staines, William 410 Sheldon, Gilbert 76, 83 Stamford, Connecticut 132 Shepherd, Thomas 193, 311, 346, 347, Stamp, Sir Thomas 99, 413, 419 350–351, 359, 363, 365, 368, 374, Starkey, John 133, 410 381, 419 Stationers’ Company 291, 353 Sheppard, Matthew 409 Sterling, Alderman Sir Samuel 108–109, 110, Shipton, Richard 409 112 Shorter, Alderman Sir John 239–240, 241, Sterry, Peter 114 259, 269, 280, 311, 353, 356, Steventon, John 426 419 Stillingﬂeet, Edward 124, 133, 190–191, Shute family 228 274, 288 Shute, Benjamin 127, 128, 410 Mischief of Separation (1680) 190, Shute, Francis 351, 359 273–274, 288 Shute, Samuel 228–229, 233, 257, 320, 351, Stone, Lawrence 172 355, 359, 380, 419 Stopforth, Richard 410 and shrieval election of 1682 257, Strasbourg 230 258–261, 262, 263–264, 266, 268, Street, William 410 371 Strudwick, Thomas 410 as sheriff 234, 236, 237 Stubbe, Henry 54

470 Index

Succession issue 118–119, 136, 139, 146, crown and 194–196, 212, 225, 226–227, 157, 159, 163–164, 165, 169–170, 228, 239, 248, 257, 269, 285, 288, 172, 174–193, 201, 202–203, 299–300, 301, 310, 317, 329, 204–205, 206, 210, 212, 214, 217, 343–344, 345, 358–359, 362, 219–220, 221, 224, 225, 227, 231, 365, 371–372, 383–386, 246–254, 264, 267, 274, 293, 310, 388 316, 319, 331, 338, 339, 341, 347, electoral geography (space). See London 388 and suburbs (Topographical): Tory exclusion and exclusion bills 163, 164, space 166, 176, 202–203, 204–206, 209, hostility to dissent 224, 230, 236, 239, 210, 211–212, 213–214, 217, 244, 275, 290, 308–309, 312, 335, 218–219, 223, 227, 238, 247, 256 382–383 limitations 163, 179, 206 leadership 311–325, 398, 427 Suffolk 42, 47, 48, 148 political thought of 197, 237, 289–290, Sunderland, Earl of. See Spencer 297, 299–300, 301, 308, 310 Surrey 6, 187, 281, 355 reaction of 1681–3 210, 224, 229–230, Swynoke, Samuel 124, 130, 131, 197, 322, 238, 241–242, 244–246, 288, 293, 413, 419 337, 340, 352–354, 358, 382–383, 386 Tangier 205, 208, 357 Tories/loyalists, in parliamentary and Taunton 346, 350 national politics (from 1680) 170, Temple, Sir Richard 286 172, 177, 221, 223–224, 232 Thomas, William 377 Trade and economy 4, 23, 25, 31, 35, 53, 74, Thompson, Maurice 283 80, 81–82, 93, 98, 106–107, 135, Thompson, Richard 131, 135, 140, 136, 145, 324 148–149, 150, 413 Treasury 352 Thompson, Samuel 283 Treby, Sir George 163, 202, 203, 209, 211, Thompson, Alderman Sir William 76, 81, 212, 213, 216, 218–219, 232, 240, 82, 283 315, 361, 370, 371, 380, 384, 385, Thompson, William (conspirator) 363 419 Thompson, William (lawyer) 361 Trench, Edmund 130, 410 Thorold, Charles 129, 130, 410 Trevor, Sir John 121 Thynne, Thomas 204 Trimmers and trimming 172, 274, 275 Tichborne, Alderman Robert 20, 28, 60, Tulse, Alderman Sir Henry 269, 323, 344, 63 345, 385, 426 Tillotson, John 133 Tunman, Thomas 413 Titus, Silius 205 Turgis, Edward 413, 420 Toleration 12, 15, 16, 26, 28, 58, 70, 96, Turner, Alderman Sir William 80, 108, 312, 100, 106, 117, 121–122, 123, 124, 316, 323, 426 131, 152, 153, 165, 193, 206, 207, Turner, Methusalem 109, 134 239, 241, 273, 283, 304, 309, 388, 392, 398 Underhill, Edward 131, 410 Tonge, Israel 159 Underwood, Edward 413 Tories, in London 172–173, 178, 180, 222, United Provinces. See Dutch 255–268, 330–331, 349, 398 Universities (Oxford and Cambridge) and Corporation government 209, 211, 363 243, 245, 254, 276, 277–278, 294, Ussher, James 70 338, 343–345, 347, 353, 354–358, 359, 362, 364, 365, 366, 367–368, Vane, Sir Henry 20, 54, 62, 98 369, 371–372, 373, 384–386, 389 Venice 343 Anglican Church/loyalism and 17, 195, Venn, John 177 216, 239, 244–245, 272, 274, Venner, Thomas 71–72. See also Fifth 284–287, 289, 290–291, 292–293, Monarchist Rising, London (1661) 301, 302, 308–309, 312–313, 317, Verney, John 177, 178 330–331, 335, 336, 387–388, Vernon, John 410 397–398 Vernon, Thomas 319–320, 427

Index 471

Villiers, Barbara, Countess of Castlemaine Whichcote, Benjamin 133 and Duchess of Cleveland 212 Whig historiography 122, 169–170, 202, Villiers, George, Duke of Buckingham 94, 302, 337, 387, 392, 397 96, 97, 102, 117, 121, 144, 145, 148, Whigs and plotting 215, 258, 263–264, 270, 150, 175, 191, 201, 209, 211–212, 335–340, 343, 345–347, 348–352, 214, 215, 226, 227, 273, 284, 286, 358–360, 363–364, 365, 366–367, 351 368–370, 373–382, 383, 391, Vincent, Alderman Sir William 61, 83 393 Vincent, Nathaniel 88, 120 Whigs, in London 172–173, 197, 219–220, Vincent, Thomas 120 222, 225–226, 239–241, 242, Vyner, Alderman Sir Robert Bt 95, 139, 249–250, 255–271, 273, 274, 140–141, 321, 325, 427 289–290, 330–331, 344–345, 353, Vyner, William 147, 410 382, 390–391, 397 and anti-Catholicism 17, 188, 189, 193, Wade, Nathaniel 374, 378 205, 211, 219–220, 225, 227, Walcott, Thomas 375, 378 231–232, 243, 258, 316, 364, 373 Wales 133 and Corporation government 201, 209, Walker, William 420 243, 276, 285, 287, 289, 291, 329, Waller, Edmund 124 343, 352, 354–358, 360, 365, 369, Waller, Sir William 20, 91, 189–190, 385, 397–399 213 and dissenters 122, 184–185, 187, 197, Walter, Lucy 191 198, 224, 225, 228, 234–235, Walwyn, William 145, 147 238–246, 247, 254–255, 258, 272, Ward, Alderman Sir Patience 97, 98, 99, 274, 280–281, 284, 285, 286, 287, 109, 135, 136, 163, 199–200, 208, 288, 292, 299, 301–312, 324–325, 222, 231, 242, 243, 247, 251, 252, 330–331, 335, 336, 338, 340, 346, 253, 262, 311, 319, 344, 351, 347, 353–354, 358, 380, 382–383, 352–353, 356, 371, 374, 380, 386, 387, 396, 397–398, 420 420 and parliamentary Whigs 135, 201–202, as lord mayor 202, 204–205, 211–212, 209–211, 222, 229, 231, 247–248, 213, 217, 226, 227, 240, 365 250, 251, 252, 253–254, 256, Wards, Court of 74 258–259, 287, 294, 335, 339, 341, Waring, Thomas 128, 147, 411 343, 346, 350–352, 396 Warwickshire 42, 47, 363, 366 and quo warranto 249–250, 262, 270, Waterman, Alderman Sir George 120, 121, 357–358, 361, 370, 372, 373, 134, 320, 427 383–385 Watermen 46, 55, 286 and “shrieval riot’’ (1682) 255, 258, 262, Watson, Randolph 280, 343, 351 360, 361–362, 371, 374, 380, 393 Watson, Thomas 76, 87, 89, 108, 110, 242, and the law/legal courts 223–224, 411 235–238, 254, 255, 262, 298, 335, Wavell, William 131, 411 336, 337, 339, 341, 342–343, 345, Weavers’ Company 264 347–348, 352–353, 356, 360–362, Webb, Alderman William 131, 411 364, 365–372, 374–375, 381–382, West cabal (conspirators) 359–360, 362, 390, 393, 394, 395–397, 398–399 363, 364, 365, 367, 369, 373–374, electoral geography (space). See London 376, 393, 396 and suburbs (Topographical): Whig West Country 59, 257, 263–264, 315, 342 space West, Robert 359–360, 363, 364, 374, 375, leadership 197, 201–202, 212, 247, 378, 379–380, 393 311–324, 338, 341, 345, 350–352, Western, Robert 130, 411 368–369, 380–382, 393, 394, Western, Thomas 420 395–396, 420 Westminster Assembly of Divines 10, 88, political thought of 180, 188, 198–199, 315 213, 218–219, 237–238, 247, Westminster Confession 57 292–301, 306–308, 310, 341, 361, Weston, Richard 208 370, 373, 375, 384, 386, 393–397, Wheatley, Gabriel 413 398–399

472 Index

Whigs/opposition, in parliamentary and Williams, William 250, 260, 339, 343, 347, national politics (from 1680) 169, 356, 361, 362, 368, 369, 371, 384 170, 172, 183, 201–202, 209–210, Williamson, Sir Joseph 92, 111, 119–121, 212–213, 221, 223, 237–238, 244, 134, 135, 137, 141, 148, 252, 253–254, 256, 263–264, 285, 158 293, 359 Wilmore, John 233, 234, 244, 252, 411, Whiston, James 294 420 Whitaker, Edward 214, 273, 286, Wilson, Joseph 92 306 Windsor 175, 195, 227, 254, 356 Whitby, John 377 Winstanley, James 147, 411 White, Sir Stephen 131, 133, 411 Wiseman, Sir Edmund 427 Whitelocke, Bulstrode 20, 21, 24, 28, 30, Withers, William Sr 312, 427 109 Wolseley, Sir Charles 100, 102, 103, 104, Whittingham, Henry 411 105, 106 Wickens, Samuel 413 Wood, James 376, 377 Wilde, William 61 Woodhead, J. R. 126, 276, 317 Wildgoss, John 413 Woolley, William 411 Wildman, John 12, 97, 145, 147, 148 Worcestershire 133 Wilkins, John 98 William I (the Conqueror). See Norman York, Duke of. See James, Duke of York, Conquest afterwards James II William, Prince of Orange, afterwards Yorkshire 48, 131 William III 231, 313 Williams, Roger 10 Zakai, Avihu 10