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Our Islands, Our History
Our Islands, Our History WHAT Are the FAlklAnd IslAnds? Who are Falkland Islanders and what does it mean to be a citizen of our country? These are questions which Islanders are asked frequently but to which there are no quick answers. Our history goes some way towards explaining what it is to be a Falkland Islander. It is a fairly short history. Settlement is relatively recent: it began in the eighteen century and has only been continuous from the early nineteenth century. Unlike the Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires, we never had an indigenous population, so we have no ancient monuments or romantic mythologies to define our identity as Islanders. Other people have spun their own myths around our history and this explains why there are so many misconceptions about who we are and about our right to call the Falklands our home. The series of events which serve as the foundations upon which the Falkland Islands were built are what Our Islands, Our History aims to set out. Our history is one of long periods of tranquillity, punctuated by flurries of complex activity. The events of the 1760s and 1770s are involved but, with the help of the time line running throughout this publication, hopefully comprehensible. The period 1820 to 1833 is also complex and further complicated by the tendency to weave nationalist myths around the basic narrative. Although not a heavyweight reference document, this book is intended to explain to the interested reader how our diverse community has matured, embracing influences from the many nations whose sailors visited these shores or who settled in the Islands, developing a cultural identity all of our own, but always maintaining a close kinship with Britain. -
FIA OCTOBER 2014 Version 2.Indd
No. 107 September 2014 IINSIDENSIDE FFalklandsalklands nnewsews cconservationonservation ttourismourism ppeopleeople ppoliticsolitics ssportport eeventsvents Marathon runner Teslyn Barkman celebrates at the fi nish Falkland Islands editorial Association Newsletter by FIA Chair Alan Huckle Published by: The Falkland Islands Association, in the grounds of the former Argentine Falkland House, Naval Mechanical School, which was London infamous as a torture and murder SW1H OBH centre during the years of the military junta and its ‘dirty war’. It is almost as if Tel 0203 764 0824 President Kirchner was seeking to justify ISSN 0262-9399 the Argentine invasion, which most in Argentina accept as a tragic error even Edited by: if they support the Argentine claim to Sharon Jaf ray sovereignty. Stanley Internationally, Argentina continues Falkland Islands uch was riding in Argentina on to lobby for support of its sovereignty Tel 00 500 52739 Man Argentine victory in the World claim but with little real effect. The [email protected] Cup fi nal – not just the prospect of an UN Decolonisation Committee (C24) Argentine soccer triumph but also, for the rolled over its standard declaration on Editorial Committee Argentine leadership, the hope of further the Falklands in June. It is a measure Ms Cindy Buxton (Chair) sustained distraction from Argentina’s of the C24’s anachronistic attitude Mr David Tatham CMG continuing socio-economic woes. towards the UK’s modern relationship Mr David Ainslie Germany’s win put paid to that – and with its Overseas Territories that it will Mrs M Christie Argentina now has to face up to some undoubtedly ignore once again the Mr Saul Pitaluga stark choices in the run-up to the October Falkland Islands Government invitation 2015 Presidential elections. -
Falkland Islands Economic Development Strategy Is the Result of an Inclusive and Cooperative Approach
FALKLAND ISLANDS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY STRATEGIC DIRECTION 29 October 2010 1 FOREWORD The Honourable Dick Sawle, MLA The Economic Development Strategy (EDS) is a process begun under the previous Assembly in 2008. The Falkland Islands economy has boomed since 1982 and the Falklands has benefitted enormously from the success of the fishing industry. Fishing now accounts for 60% of our Gross Domestic Product. There has also been a very successful and large growth in tourism and the various service sectors that surround it. However, the economy of the Falklands whilst successful, cannot rely on such a narrow economic base for the future . It is widely recognised that the private sector must grow and we must deepen and strengthen current industries such as fishing, tourism and agriculture as well as develop new industries and diversify the service sector. The EDS sets a target for economic growth of 4% to 6% per annum. With ever higher public expectations and the increasing costs associated with meeting the demands of a modern democratic society, the Falkland Islands has to grow its population and its economy in order to sustain itself. This EDS document, produced in collaboration and in consultation with all sectors of our community will act as a blueprint for our economic future . Mr. Roger Spink, President, Falkland Islands Chamber of Commerce This Economic Development Strategy (EDS) sets out a vision with respect to the Falklands economy, and how it can be realised. The EDS is a long term high level strategic plan of action for all those stakeholders in the Falkland economy who are concerned with its success. -
The Islands Plan
Falkland Islands Government The Islands Plan 2018–2022 Our vision To progress the sustainable economic, social and political development of the Falkland Islands [ for the benefit of all residents. ] Welcome to The Islands Plan Our beautiful home is unlike any other. We have a truly exceptional landscape, seascape and heritage. Diversity is everywhere: within our culture, our flora and our fauna. We are a fair, just and equal society that is democratically self-determined, and we are a proud member of the global economic, social and political communities. This document sets out our shared vision and priorities for the Falkland Islands over the next four years. It articulates our ambitions for improvements and the actions we will take to deliver positive results, across a range of key areas, for the benefit of every resident. We have an unprecedented opportunity for economic growth and The Islands Plan connects our community’s aspirations for protecting the environment, improving transport and communications links, and modernising our infrastructure, with the possibilities that exist to improve our prosperity, health and wealth for current and future generations. We also have some significant challenges that we cannot ignore. Many of our objectives will require significant investment and a suitably skilled and sufficient labour force to achieve, so we will need to take some big decisions to create the right environment for our plans to succeed. 1 The role of our civil service will be vital to the achievement This also means we will insist on our continued of our plans. The Islands Plan has to be more than simply commitment to robust principles of good governance, words on a page; it must be embedded in the day-to-day which recognise the value and importance of our activities and priorities of each department. -
The Geology of the Falkland Islands
THE GEOLOGY OF THE FALKLAND ISLANDS D T Aldiss and E J Edwards British Geological Survey Technical Report THE GEOLOGY OF THE FALKLAND ISLANDS NOTES FOR DIGITAL VERSION This British Geological Survey Technical Report WC/99/10 is available in a digital version and in a paper version. The contents of this digital version of the report are identical to those of the paper version, except that Figures 1.2 and 4.11 are presented here both in colour and in monochrome. The monochrome version is held on the page following the colour version. Links have been provided between the Contents Pages and the body of the report. Links exist for Chapter headings, second-order section headings, Figures, Plates and Tables. To activate these links, double-click on the relevant line in the Contents Pages. If the software command ‘Go to (page number)’ is used to move through the document, note that although page numbers appear only on the text pages, the software will count all the pages consecutively, treating the Cover Page as page 1, and the Contents Pages as pages 5 to 9, inclusive. Paper copies of this report are available from the Department of Mineral Resources, Ross Road, Stanley, Falkland Islands, telephone (0) 500 27322 or fax (0) 500 27321, e-mail > [email protected], or from BGS Sales, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK telephone (0) 44 115 936 3241 or fax (0) 44 115 936 3488, e-mail > [email protected] BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Overseas Geology Series TECHNICAL REPORT WC/99/10 THE GEOLOGY OF THE FALKLAND ISLANDS D T Aldiss and E J Edwards This report is a product of the Falkland Islands Geological Mapping Project, funded by the Falkland Islands Government. -
Penguin News FALKLAND ISLANDS
Penguin News FALKLAND ISLANDS Ross Road, Stanley, Falkland Islands • Tel: 22684 Fax: 22238 • [email protected] • www.penguin-news.com • Every Friday V19. No 19 Price £1.00 Friday, September 14, 2007 Gold company to end The way of the future... Falklands exploration THE company which has been lot of other experts to check we prospecting for gold in the haven’t missed anything but the Falklands looks set to close its fact is that the deposit is just too operation at the end of the year. small...” Falklands Gold and Minerals He added, “I’m sad my visit Ltd (FGML) says no deposits of to the Falklands next month will economic interest have yet been be my last, unless something is found and, unless the remaining found between now and work programme identifies Christmas.” deposits likely to be of He said doing business in the commercial interest, it will cease Falklands had been, “very exploration activities in the comfortable, particularly Islands. compared to other parts of the The work programme in the world in which we have worked.” Falklands was designed to He paid tribute to the farmers identify the source of alluvial gold with whom FGML has worked recovered from streams. This gold and to the “super administration” is associated with a zone of tight, run by Director of Minerals, Phyl east-west folding which has Rendell. affected the Bluff Cove and Port Mr Linnell said the Falklands Sussex formations amongst other exploration had been far from a rock sequences. waste of time. When the company The company says these ceases work here it will have cash formations contain favourable balances of approximately £3.5 interbedded shales and sandstone million and an experienced units that could, given the correct exploration team fully equipped structural taps, be favourable with two drills and sample targets for Slate Belt type gold processing equipment. -
250 Years of Cattle on the Falkland Islands, 1763-2013 R. Trevor Wilson1
Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences June 2016, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-19 ISSN: 2334-2404 (Print), 2334-2412 (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v5n1a1 URL: https://doi.org/10.15640/jaes.v5n1a1 From Feral to fully farmed: 250 years of Cattle on the Falkland Islands, 1763-2013 R. Trevor Wilson1 Abstract A very few cattle were landed on the Falkland by the French in 1763, later augmented by about 60 head by the Spanish. Unoccupied from 1770 to 1820, reports then indicated 20,000 to 100,000 head roaming East Falkland. From the 1830s cattle were hunted for hides, an activity formalized through (British) Government land grants and slaughter licences. During the 1840s Government tried to attract settlers and sheep began to super cede cattle. There were occasional uncoordinated attempts to improve the genetics through introduction of “superior” breeds. An experimental farm established in the 1920s was short-lived as cattle numbers declined and sheep numbers increased. Further sporadic cattle imports were made during the mid twentieth century. Artificial insemination was introduced in the 1970s with imported British beef and dairy breed semen. A National Beef Herd was established in 1997 to breed superior cattle – mainly via artificial insemination and embryo transfer – able to produce organic or “near-organic” beef finished at 24-30 months under the harsh environment of the Falklands with a view to obtaining access to the EU market. Local farmers collectively own about 6000 cattle in small herds whose main objective is to supply household milk and beef. -
Antarctic Reader
ANTARCTICA: THE READER ................................................................ SECTION 1 3 Conserving Antarctica 4 Guidance for Visitors 5 Antarctica’s Historic Heritage SECTION 4 45 The Antarctic Treaty SECTION 2 9 Places You May Visit SECTION 5 9 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 49 The Physical Environment 11 South Georgia 49 The Southern Ocean 13 South Sandwich Islands 51 Antarctica 14 South Orkney Islands 53 Geology 14 Weddell Sea 54 Climate 16 South Shetland Islands 56 The Antarctic Circle 17 Antarctic Peninsula 57 Icebergs, Glaciers and Sea Ice 20 The Historic Ross Sea Sector 60 The Ozone Hole 24 New Zealand’s Subantarctic Islands 62 Global Warming SECTION 3 SECTION 6 29 Explorers and Scientists 65 The Biological Environment 29 Terra Australis Exploration 66 Life in Antarctica 30 The Age of Sealers (1780-1892) 67 Adapting to the Cold 34 The Heroic Age & Continental Penetration 70 The Kingdom of Krill 38 Mechanical Age and Whaling Period 72 The Wildlife 41 Permanent Stations 72 Antarctic Squids 42 Pax Antarctica: The Treaty Period 73 Antarctic Fishes 74 Antarctic Birds 83 Antarctic Seals 88 Antarctic Whales SECTION 7 97 Wildlife Checklist TABLE OF CONTENTS HISTORIC HUT ........................................................... The first humans to spend a winter in Antarctica erected this hut in February 1899. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on Earth, a place that we believe must be preserved in its present pristine state. Many governments and non-governmental organizations and all the leading companies arranging expeditions to the region are working together to ensure that Antarctica’s spectacular scenery, unique wildlife and extraordinary wilderness will be protected for future generations to enjoy. -
Falkland Islands Newsletter Ppublishedublished Bbyy Tthehe Ffalklandalkland Iislandsslands Aassociationssociation W Aassociation.Comssociation.Com
Falkland Islands Newsletter PPublishedublished bbyy TThehe FFalklandalkland IIslandsslands AAssociationssociation wwww.ww.fi aassociation.comssociation.com NNoo 111414 AprilApril 22018018 ppeopleeople eeventsvents ppoliticsolitics iindustriesndustries ssportport nnewsews 1 Falkland Islands editorial Association Newsletter by FIA Chairman Alan Huckle Published by: The Falkland Islands Association, THE Falkland Islands elected a new Legislative Assembly on 9 November, returning fi ve Falkland House, new Members (MLAs) with three re-elected. The decision to make these positions Full- London time and salaried has helped to attract some younger people in mid-career. Four oF the SW1H OBH new MLAs are under 45 years oF age and two were not even born in 1982. This can only be healthy For the political process. The new team are getting to grips with their portFolios Tel 020 3764 0824 and have begun the process oF agreeing their objectives For the Islands’ Future. We wish honseci [email protected] them well. ISSN 0262-9399 Those in the UK who might regard the governance oF the Falkland Islands as a small matter are Quite wrong. All the Functions oF government come within the purview oF the Edited by: MLAs and whilst the local population may be Few in number, the problems conFronted are Sharon Jaf ray no less diFfi cult (and are constantly complicated by Argentina’s sovereignty claim). The Stanley Argentine Government oFten asserts that the UK exercises colonial-style control over the Falkland Islands Falklands (and they consistently reFuse to recognise the Falkland Islands Government as Tel 00 500 52739 a legitimate authority). Yet the 2008 Constitution made it clear that the Falkland Islanders [email protected] are alone responsible For determining their own Future. -
Newsletterewsletter
FFalklandalkland IIslandsslands NNewsletterewsletter PPublishedublished bbyy TThehe FFalklandalkland IIslandsslands AAssociationssociation wwww.ww.fi aassociation.comssociation.com NNoo 111111 OctoberOctober 22016016 ppeopleeople eeventsvents ppoliticsolitics ssportport nnewsews1 Falkland Islands Association editorial Newsletter by FIA Chairman Alan Huckle Published by: The Falkland Islands Association, Falkland House, London SW1H OBH he vote on June 23 in favour of a (www.fi association.com) – but they are TBritish exit (Brexit) from the European not shared by the Parliamentary Labour Tel 020 3764 0824 Union caught many by surprise. It Party. We should be alert to any shift in honseci [email protected] brought down David Cameron as Prime policy arising out of the leadership contest ISSN 0262-9399 Minister and has led the UK into a period and the Labour Party conference (25-28 of uncertainty as the new Conservative September). It would be a great shame if Edited by: Government under Theresa May seeks the all-party consensus on policy on the Sharon Jaf ray to hammer out its negotiating strategy Falkland Islands that has existed since the Stanley for Brexit. It could be a long drawn out 1982 confl ict begins to weaken. Falkland Islands process. The UK’s declaration under There is some good news from Argentina Tel 00 500 52739 Article 50 of the EU Treaty is unlikely to on the Falklands. Sir Alan Duncan visited [email protected] be lodged until well into 2017. The actual Buenos Aires on 12 - 13 September to negotiation on withdrawal will not be easy attend a Business and Investment Forum Editorial Committee and the readjustment to the UK’s new where he met senior Argentine Government Ms Cindy Buxton (Chair) circumstances will take time. -
Getting to the Falkland Islands
Preparing for your arrival in the Falkland Islands: Key facts A guide to what you need to consider when coming to the Falkland Islands and upon arrival Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Things to be aware of before coming to the Falkland Islands ................................................................................... 3 Medical Care Charges ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Retirement Pension Scheme ................................................................................................................................. 3 Accommodation when in the Falkland Islands ...................................................................................................... 3 Pets ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Biosecurity ............................................................................................................................................................. 6 Benefits and Tax regime ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Employment Opportunities for Spouses/Partners ................................................................................................... -
Chairman's Letter
2019 Lord West reads a lesson on 17th June 2018 the Chapel Memorial Room. Our the Chapel which means so much CHAIRMAN’S LETTER thanks to everyone who has helped. to so many. Life at the Falklands Chapel has The Chaplain, Rev. Neil Jeffers, At the Falklands Chapel, we The Trustees and I are hugely been almost as busy this year as will willingly accommodate are indebted to so many of you grateful to a Friend who died in last year. This goes to show that veterans and families who may wish for helping us, whatever your May and bequeathed the Chapel a remembrance is not just about to request services, or prayers, or a contribution. Our Friends, who wonderful legacy in memory of his anniversaries; it is a perpetual group visit tailored to their needs. provide regular income, are key brother who was killed in action on facet of our lives which must be One such occasion, in September, to our being able to maintain board RFA Sir Galahad in 1982. continued for present and future was a Memorial Service for Captain the Chapel. In addition our good (Page 2) generations. Steven Hughes RAMC/2 Para in relations with organisations and 1982. (Page 2/3). Rev. Jeffers also charities such as the ABF Soldiers And finally, I am pleased to be able At the June 2018 Annual Service, conducted a Memorial Service for Charity, the RNBT, Seafarers to inform you that the 2019 Service we welcomed a number of our Commander Keith Evans Royal UK and the Falkland Islands of Remembrance and Thanksgiving regular attendees and many Navy, an Old Pangbournian, who Government have meant that, will be held on Sunday 16th June newcomers.