Apple Variety Descriptions
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Apples Catalogue 2019
ADAMS PEARMAIN Herefordshire, England 1862 Oct 15 Nov Mar 14 Adams Pearmain is a an old-fashioned late dessert apple, one of the most popular varieties in Victorian England. It has an attractive 'pearmain' shape. This is a fairly dry apple - which is perhaps not regarded as a desirable attribute today. In spite of this it is actually a very enjoyable apple, with a rich aromatic flavour which in apple terms is usually described as Although it had 'shelf appeal' for the Victorian housewife, its autumnal colouring is probably too subdued to compete with the bright young things of the modern supermarket shelves. Perhaps this is part of its appeal; it recalls a bygone era where subtlety of flavour was appreciated - a lovely apple to savour in front of an open fire on a cold winter's day. Tree hardy. Does will in all soils, even clay. AERLIE RED FLESH (Hidden Rose, Mountain Rose) California 1930’s 19 20 20 Cook Oct 20 15 An amazing red fleshed apple, discovered in Aerlie, Oregon, which may be the best of all red fleshed varieties and indeed would be an outstandingly delicious apple no matter what color the flesh is. A choice seedling, Aerlie Red Flesh has a beautiful yellow skin with pale whitish dots, but it is inside that it excels. Deep rose red flesh, juicy, crisp, hard, sugary and richly flavored, ripening late (October) and keeping throughout the winter. The late Conrad Gemmer, an astute observer of apples with 500 varieties in his collection, rated Hidden Rose an outstanding variety of top quality. -
Know Your · a S
MAGR Extension Folder 177 GOVS Revised October 1957 MN 2000 EF-no.177 (Rev.1957:0ct.) Know Your · A s by ELEANOR LOOMIS .,~I UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Agricultural Extension Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Know Your Minnesota Apples Variety Season of use Characteristics Use Oriole August Large summer apple, orange-yellow, striped with Dessert, pie, sauce, freezing red. Very good eating and cooking quality. Duchess August-September Early, cooking apple. Medium size, striped with Pie, sauce, jelly, freezing red. Too tart for good eating. Beacon August-September Medium size, very attractive red. Mild subacid. Dessert, pie, sauce, freezing Better for eating than Duchess; keeps longer. Wealthy September-November Long a favorite in Minnesota for eating and cook Dessert, baking, pie, sauce, ing. Medium size, striped red. jelly, freezing Lakeland September-December Medium size, solid red color, pleasant flavor. Slices Dessert, pie, baking, sauce, hold shape when cooked. freezing Minjon September-December Below medium size, very attractive red. Flesh Dessert, pie, baking, sauce, somewhat tart, stained with red. freezing McIntosh October-January Medium size, nearly solid bright red. High quality Dessert, pie, sauce, jelly, for eating. Rich flavor, but soft when cooked. freezing Cortland October-January Medium size, attractive red; white flesh similar Dessert, pie, baking, sauce, to McIntosh. Holds fresh color well in salad. jelly, salad, freezing Redwell October-January Large size, attractive red. Pleasant flavor, subacid. Dessert, baking, sauce Jonathan October-February Below medium size, solid bright red. A favorite Dessert, pie, baking, sauce, variety for all uses. jelly, canning, freezing Haralson October-March Medium size, attractive red. -
Hanson's Garden Village Edible Fruit Trees
Hanson’s Garden Village Edible Fruit Trees *** = Available in Bare Root for 2020 All Fruit Trees Available in Pots, Except Where Noted APPLE TREES Apple trees are not self fertile and must have a pollination partner of a different variety of apple that has the same or overlapping bloom period. Apple trees are classified as having either early, mid or late bloom periods. An early bloom apple tree can be pollinated by a mid bloom tree but not a late bloom tree. A mid bloom period apple could be used to pollinate either an early or late bloom period apple tree. Do not combine a late bloomer with an early bloom period apple. Apple trees are available in two sizes: 1) Standard – mature size 20’-25’ in height and 25’-30’ width 2) Semi-Dwarf (S-M7) – mature size 12’-15’ in height and 15’-18’ width —————————————————————–EARLY BLOOM—————————————————————— Hazen (Malus ‘Hazen’): Standard (Natural semi-dwarf). Fruit large and dark red. Flesh green-yellow, juicy. Ripens in late August. Flavor is sweet but mild, pleasant for eating, cooking and as a dessert apple. An annual bearer. Short storage life. Hardy variety. Does very well without spraying. Resistant to fire blight. Zones 3-6. KinderKrisp (Malus ‘KinderKrisp’ PP25,453): S-M7 (Semi-Dwarf) & Standard. Exceptional flavor and crisp texture, much like its parent Honeycrisp, this early ripening variety features much smaller fruit. Perfect size for snacking or kid's lunches, with a good balance of sweet flavors and a crisp, juicy bite. Outstanding variety for homeowners, flowering early in the season and ripening in late August, the fruit is best fresh from the tree, hanging on for an extended period. -
Apple, Reaktion Books
apple Reaktion’s Botanical series is the first of its kind, integrating horticultural and botanical writing with a broader account of the cultural and social impact of trees, plants and flowers. Already published Apple Marcia Reiss Bamboo Susanne Lucas Cannabis Chris Duvall Geranium Kasia Boddy Grasses Stephen A. Harris Lily Marcia Reiss Oak Peter Young Pine Laura Mason Willow Alison Syme |ew Fred Hageneder APPLE Y Marcia Reiss reaktion books Published by reaktion books ltd 33 Great Sutton Street London ec1v 0dx, uk www.reaktionbooks.co.uk First published 2015 Copyright © Marcia Reiss 2015 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers Printed and bound in China by 1010 Printing International Ltd A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library isbn 978 1 78023 340 6 Contents Y Introduction: Backyard Apples 7 one Out of the Wild: An Ode and a Lament 15 two A Rose is a Rose is a Rose . is an Apple 19 three The Search for Sweetness 43 four Cider Chronicles 59 five The American Apple 77 six Apple Adulation 101 seven Good Apples 123 eight Bad Apples 137 nine Misplaced Apples 157 ten The Politics of Pomology 169 eleven Apples Today and Tomorrow 185 Apple Varieties 203 Timeline 230 References 234 Select Bibliography 245 Associations and Websites 246 Acknowledgements 248 Photo Acknowledgements 250 Index 252 Introduction: Backyard Apples Y hree old apple trees, the survivors of an unknown orchard, still grow around my mid-nineteenth-century home in ∏ upstate New York. -
Appendix F Specimens from 12 Heirloom Apple Varieties Collected and Submitted to the BRIT Herbarium
Appendix F Specimens from 12 Heirloom Apple Varieties Collected and Submitted to the BRIT Herbarium (Duplicates collected and submitted to North Carolina State University and the Appalachian Institute for Mountain Studies) 9 Varieties collected from Dawkins Orchard, Celo, North Carolina, Yancey County: -Elevation: 3200’ -Terrain: Mountainous, steep east-south facing slope -Soil: Moist, moderately rocky Winter Banana- “A very attractive apple that when well grown can have a very faint aroma of fresh bananas. Winter Banana originated around 1876 in Cass Co., Indiana and was introduced as a commercial seller in 1890. Fruit is large and conical in shape. The smooth, tough skin is bright yellow with a pinkish red blush on the sun-exposed side. The whitish flesh is crisp tender, fine-grained and juicy. Ripens September to October.” [Joyner 2013] Crow Egg- “The old southern classic, Crow’s Egg (also know as Raven’s Egg or Black Annie) is distinctly different in appearance and flavor from the northern Crow Egg. Southern Crow’s Egg is a dark red, very conical-shaped apple of high quality and is identical to the variety Black Gilliflower.” The Black Gilliflower: “(Black Spitz, Crow's Egg, Gilliflower, Sheepnose, Red Gilliflower) - A very old variety dating to the 1700's and originating in the Northeast, probably Connecticut. Listed in southern catalogs as Black Gilliflower or Red Gilliflower, many apple growers believe this apple is the same as the old southern apple, Crow’s Egg. Fruit is medium to large, distinctly conical or tapered in shape, with dark red skin overlaid with faint red striping. -
Comparison Chart of Apple Varieties Grown [Reference: Old Southern Apples, Creighton Lee Calhoun, Jr.]
Comparison Chart of Apple Varieties Grown [Reference: Old Southern Apples, Creighton Lee Calhoun, Jr.] Description, History, and Origin Disease Flavor / Bearing Variety Orchard Opinion Date Apple Color Resist. Ripen Texture Uses Eat Keep Cook Dry Cider Tendency Origin: Europe, Middle ages, May (Yellow very old apple. Valued for May- June, Early Ripening. 1300 Yellow Good June Soft. Very Tart. Cook x Medium Origin Israel. Extremely young bearer. Good taste and stores well for an early apple. Good for deep South. Blooms Early. Planting Anna and Dorsett together works well. Gold Delicious parentage. Most popular Green- June- Crisp. Sweet to Eat, pies, Anna variety in Florida. <1959 Yellow-Red Very Good July mildly tart. sauce x x Heavy. Yellow-green. Eat, cook, sauce. Possibly, earliest Apple in inventory. Heavy bearer, good disease resistance, grows well in many climates including the South on many soil types. Juicy, crisp, somewhat tart to Somewhat tart. Grown around many firm/crisp. Tart Eat, old farms and valued for it's June- to somewhat sauce, Early Harvest early ripening time. <1800 Yellow Very good July tart. pies x x Very Heavy Yellow. Heavy producing, great tasting early apple. Very crisp with tart-sweet complex flavor. My favorite Good. eating early apple. Makes Considered many great tasting apples for Green- no spray June- Crisp. Tart to Pristine me every year. Heavy bearer. 1950 Yellow variety. July sweet. Eat, dry. x Very heavy. Comparison Chart of Apple Varieties Grown [Reference: Old Southern Apples, Creighton Lee Calhoun, Jr.] Description, History, and Origin Disease Flavor / Bearing Variety Orchard Opinion Date Apple Color Resist. -
The Decline of the Apple
The Decline of the Apple The development of the apple in this century has been partial- ly a retrogression. Its breeding program has been geared almost completely to the commercial interests. The criteria for selection of new varieties have been an apple that will keep well under refrigeration, an apple that will ship without bruising, an apple of a luscious color that will attract the housewife to buy it from the supermarket bins. That the taste of this selected apple is in- ferior has been ignored. As a result, sharpness of flavor and variety of flavor are disappearing. The apple is becoming as standardized to mediocrity as the average manufactured prod- uct. And as small farms with their own orchards dwindle and the average person is forced to eat only apples bought from commercial growers, the coming generations will scarcely know how a good apple tastes. This is not to say that all of the old varieties were good. Many of them were as inferior as a Rome Beauty or a Stark’s Delicious. But the best ones were of an excellence that has almost dis- appeared. As a standard of excellence by which to judge, I would set the Northern Spy as the best apple ever grown in the United States. To bite into the tender flesh of a well-ripened Spy and have its juice ooze around the teeth and its rich tart flavor fill the mouth and its aroma rise up into the nostrils is one of the outstanding experiences of all fruit eating. More than this, the Spy is just as good when cooked as when eaten raw. -
Apple Variety Origin Flavour Use Season Flowering Period Scab
Flowering Scab Apple Variety Origin Flavour Use Season Period Resistance Description Herefordshire Adams Pearmain pre 1826 Rich & Aromatic Dessert Late to V Late 2 4 Hardy and a good bearer. One of the finest late dessert Ashmeads Kernel Glos c1700 Sweet & Aromatic Dessert Late to V Late 4 4 apples, but a shy cropper. Somerset pre A heavy cropper. Moderate scab Beauty of Bath 1864 Sweet Dessert Early 2 resistance. Very common in East Devon. Alternatively known as Sweet Bell Somerset Sweet Cider/Culinary Mid 4 Sheeps Nose Cornwall A sturdy, heavy cropping seedling Bens Red c1830 Sweet Dessert Early to mid 2 5 of Devonshire Quarrenden. More vigorous than Dabinett but cider quality similar. Large Black Dabinett Somerset Medium Bittersweet Cider Late Late 4 blue/purple fruits. Vintage quality. A rich distictive apple. At its best Blenheim Orange Oxon c1740 Sweet to Subacid Dessert/Culinary Mid to Late 3 4 around Christmas. (C) The most popular commercial Bramleys Seedling Notts c1810 Sharp Culinary Late 3 4 apple. Browns Stavern Devon Full Sharp Cider Early to Mid Mid 5 Vintage quality. Captain Broad Cornwall Bittersweet Cider Mid 5 A sturdy, vigorous tree. Charles Ross Berks 1880's Sweet Dessert/Culinary Mid to Late 3 4 Surrey pre Claygate Pearmain 1821 Aromatic & Rich Dessert Late to V Late 4 4 A very reliable, overlooked, variety. Produces a dry light cider. One of Landulph the many varieties rescued by Colloget Pippin Cornwall Sharp Culinary/Cider Mid Early 5 James Evans. A healthy, heavy cropper. Vintage Colemans Seedling Devon Sharp Cider Mid Mid 5 quality. -
You Are What You Ate Medieval Food and Bioarchaeology
You Are What You Ate Medieval food and bioarchaeology Prepared for the YAC Leaders’ Weekend, April 2016 Workbook written by Jane Howroyd and Iona McCleery Bioarchaeological contributions: Laura Castells Navarro, Alice Toso and Holly Hunt-Watts Contents Introduction 3 Notes for leaders 8 Paper-based food activities – Food timeline 12 – Healthy eating plate 15 – Rich and poor people: Food poster 20 – Rich and poor people: Information 23 – Food and its global origin 19 Other practical activities – Spice identification and pomanders 30 Cooking activities – Marchpane and Gingerbread 33 – Butter-making: The science of emulsion 37 – Diet in the past and present: Comparing pasta 41 – Seasonal food: Pottage 45 – Salad and plant identification 51 – Ice-cream making 54 – Designing your own meal 63 Recipe book 65 Bioarchaeological activities – Introduction to bioarchaeology and osteoarchaeology 89 – Healthy and unhealthy bone comparison 95 – Making a paper skeleton 101 – Making modroc bones 102 – Introduction to stable isotopes 105 – Understanding food chains 108 – We are what we eat 111 Hand outs (unumbered) – Images of foods – Herb images for use in plant identification – Blank healthy eating plate – Paper skeleton – Healthy and unhealthy bone images – Stable isotope information poster – Stable isotope templates – Herbs and spices colouring sheets – Wordsearch – Food timeline – Maps 2 Introduction What did people in the past eat? How can you find out? Why does it matter today? The activities in this workbook will help you answer these questions, mainly in relation to medieval food, and point you towards further resources and ways of finding out more. Learning about the foods and recipes of the past helps us to understand our own ways of eating much better. -
Cider Apples at Mount Vernon: Planting History Carol Miles, Drew
Cider Apples at Mount Vernon: Planting History Carol Miles, Drew Zimmerman, and Jacqueline King WSU Mount Vernon NWREC 16650 State Route 536, Mount Vernon, WA 98273 Tel. 360-848-6150 Email [email protected] http://maritimefruit.wsu.edu/ Cider Apples at WSU Mount Vernon NWREC: Planting History A small collection of traditional English and French cider apple varieties was planted in a preliminary trial from 1977 to 1998, evaluating only the trees’ potential productivity and disease resistance. In 1994 a larger, replicated planting was established to provide enough fruit for cider making, and expanded in 1999. New varieties from France and England were added in 2001– 2008, including some old American cider varieties. The most recent addition was in 2013. Beginning In 2002, varietal ciders have been produced on-station using fruit from the trial, with the advice of an expert cider maker. The ciders are then sampled and evaluated for quality and marketability. The trial has included some 90 varieties including preliminary trials, replicated plots and screening test plots. Table 1. Cider apple varieties at WSU Mount Vernon NWREC from 1977 to present (* indicates currently planted 2014). Cv. Dates planted Notes Amere de Berthcourt 1977-1998, 2003, cider made 2007; evaluated 2009; transplant added 2013* 2013 American Forestier 2003* Ashmead's Kernel 1977* dual purpose: cider, fresh eating; heirloom Bedan de Parts 1977-1995, 2006* Bellflower 1977-1998 AKA Yellow Bellflower, heirloom variety; not evaluated for cider Blanc Mollet 2003* cider evaluated -
Fruit and Vegetable Quality 144 Robert L
FRUIT & VEGETABLE QUALITY An Integrated View FRUIT & VEGETABLE QUALITY An Integrated View Edited by Robert L. Shewfelt Bernhard Brückner CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2000 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works ISBN-13: 9781566767859 (hbk) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reason-able efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organiza-tion that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. -
Top Ten Apple Desserts
Top Ten Apple Desserts Apples are brilliant in a pie, of course, but what makes them such a classic for baking is that their warm, sweet fragrance is a natural in nearly any kind of dessert. We polled our staffers to find out which of Fine Cooking’s apple desserts were most memorable—their lists included everything from fritters to galette. Apple Galette with Heat the oven to 425°F. On a lightly and underneath and the edges of the Ginger Glaze floured surface, roll the dough to a 13-inch apples just begin to brown, 25 to 30 min- Yields one 11-inch round galette; serves square. Trim off the corners to make a utes. Slide onto a cooling rack. eight to ten. rough circle—it doesn’t have to be perfect. As the galette cools, put the jam, water, 1 sheet (about 9 oz.) frozen puff pastry, Slide the dough circle onto a ginger, and salt in a small saucepan over thawed parchment-lined or nonstick baking sheet. low heat (or in a glass bowl in the micro- 2 Granny Smith apples, cored and thinly Prick the dough all over. Arrange the apples wave) and heat gently until it just starts to sliced (no more than 1⁄8 inch thick) in neat concentric circles, just barely over- bubble. Stir to blend and remove from the 1 Tbs. unsalted butter, cut into small lapping the slices, leaving about a 1-inch heat. Strain the jam glaze to remove the pieces border of pastry. Dot the apples with the ginger pieces, or just push the ginger 2 Tbs.