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1~ OEC 19 95

ANNUAL REPORT

A U S T R A L I A N M l l S E U M s ,. d n c .' A s 11

ISSN 1039- IJl41

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ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS

4 Introduction and Highlights

s Mission

7 Premier's Message

9 President's Message

11 Director's Message

1 3 Public Programs and Marketing

17 Science in the Museum

2 9 Commercial Activities

31 Administration

34 Financial Statements

Appendices

47 Trust

48 Management Structure

51 Staff

55 Publications

63 Sponsors

64 Index

3 INTRODUCT ION AND H IGHLI G HTS

The Australian Museum finds itse lf in the fortunate position of being located in the city of Sydney, host of HIGHLI GHTS OF THE Y EAR IN CL UDE: the Olympic Games in the ye ar 2000. Our plan s are influenced by the goal of full participation in the Games • 'Rediscovering Pompeii' exhibition received over lead -up program. the Cultural Olympiad. Sydney can 15o,ooo visitors; ga in from the creativity and expertise which Museum staff offer in both exhibition developm ent and • 'Search & Discover' resource centre In its first six environmental management. These are the two distinct, months, received 35,000 visitors an d over 4,000 yet interacting sides : the public face of the Museum and telephone enquiries; the expertise which lies behind the scenes. Over the years. ma ny changes have occurred in the Museum, just • Outreach Programs reached over 550,ooo people in as concepts of science. nature and humanity have regional centres and schools; changed and tech nological adva nce s have been forged. The Museum's outlook is flexible which enables us to • School visits to the Museum increased by 21%: respond to 'hot' issues in the global and local political arena. in scien tific research and public programs. Our • Museum scientists discovered new species in the expertise is often sought to advise and assist the media, evolutionary chain and gave the State and Federal government and the co mm unity. The ability to act governments advice on population, environmental q uickly and effic iently, and with conviction, has and biodiversity issues; enhanced our position as one of the leading natural history museums in the world. • Radio carbon dating of Aboriginal shell middens on Sydney Harbour revealed occupation dating back 4000 years;

• 196 research articles, books and other pu blications were published by Australian Museum employees;

• 223,006 new acquisitions were added to Museum collections. bringing the overall total to close to 16 million;

• Fifteen Museum scientists received research grants totalling $664,438.

4

N <' w M u

The Australian Museum makes an outstanding contribution to the understanding of our natural environment and cultural heritage, through public programs and through scien tific research. The Museum provided a lively series of exh ibitions and other public programs throughout the year, including

This year Museum scientists discovered a number of species Rediscovering Pompeii, which was enjoyed by 15o,ooo previously unknown to science, and conducted research in people. A new exhibition titled More Than Dinosaurs: topical areas such as evolution, conservation, biodiversity and Evolution of Life was opened in March this year. and a

population. series of sma ller topical exhibitions examined drought in Australia, woodchipping and the volcanic eruption in

Through its outreach program. the Museum continues to develop Rabaul. partnerships with Aboriginal communities, and also provides

support and advice to communities on a wide range of issues. ... the \lu~eum ronrintH'J le deL·elop

parttlC'rJllip~ with Aborisinal eommunitie~. and The expertise of Museum staff was sought for many commercial projects throughout the year, including Fauna! Impact surveys. al.sc prot11deJ .support and adnee tc conservation studies, education and exhibition projects. ('C.lllllllHlitieJ C'll a Wide r0115e (( 16JIIC6.

A new Museum space. Search & Discover. which opened in late 1994, provides public access to the Museum's expertise. This in teractive space is equipped with state·of-the-art computer As well as this, the Museum co-ordinated a program of data bases. CD ROMs and Internet connections. Museum displays and performances by Sydney communities in collections and other resources. the community access space, Our Place: Australian People & Identity.

The Australian Museum plays an integral role in increasing understanding in the state. in Australia and also internationally. The Museum's reputation as one of the world's great museums is well deserved . and I thank and congratulate the Australian Muse um Trust. management and staff for their con tinuing commitment to the highest quality programs and

scientific research.

Bob Carr, MP Prem e w IVIITI/Ster for tl1e Arts

7 T 1t e re re n r I.Y ope 11 <' d ·Se a r c 11 f· D 1 6 c o 11 er· PRESIDENT ' s MESSAGE

P tr c a W tc;on

The btrd ot wonder die~. lite maiden Phoenix. An innovative new interactive area, Search & Discover, moves ller· a61te6 then new c·reate anot/1er heir the Museum into the 21st century. Visitors can now consult directly with scientists, log onto the internet and conduct their AJ great a6 llerulj>. " in adnurallon own research. The program, initially funded by TAMS (the Museum friends), is set to expand with the assistance of W. Sh,Jk P~ lWdrf . Henry VI II , Art'}. Scene ') , line 40 Hewlett·Packard.

Like the mythical Phoenix rising from the ashes. the Australian TAMS is always a great mainstay of Museum activities and it is Museum has enjoyed yet another exciting and highly with regret that we say goodbye to the indefatigable Susan successful year. The high profile of Rediscovering Pompeii, the Bridle. who left in April. after 14 years as Executive Officer. She stimulating 'hands-on' nature of Search & Discover, together helped make TAMS one of the most successful and interesting with the resurrection of our foyer. have all ensured a year of Museum support groups in Australia. consistent gains.

None of this activity would have got off the ground without the 1\11 innovattve new interactive area. help of friends . particularly our long-time supporter and then Search & Di6cover. move6 the Mu~H'tnn Minister for the Arts. the Honourable Peter Cotlins: and the dedicated members of The Australian Museum Society. The into t 1t e 2 t M c en 1u r.Y. Minister provided the funding for the much needed renovation

of the main en trance, which has enabled us to provide an Staff tend to stay a long time at the Australian Museum. additional restaurant and up-graded shop. Or Hal Cogger has been with us for 43 years, developing from cadet preparator to a calm and ca ri ng Deputy Cons tru ction was almost completed in time for the Director and Internationally recognised herpetologist. Rediscovering Pompeii opening in September, and He is 'retiring' to concentrate on his research but contributed to the evening's success. The exhibition fortunately will con tinue his association with the engendered great response from critics and public alike, Museum as Research Associate. and due to popular demand was extended for two

months. Assistance from our major corporate sponsors Since the last annual report Chris Puplick, Dr Telford IBM and a special grant from Peter Collins were crucial in Conlon and Jim Layt have all completed their time with securing this international exhibition for Sydney. As the Trust and I acknowledge the contributions they President and near neighbour of the Museum it was made as trustees. I thank them. the current Trust always exciting for me to walk down William Street, past members, the Ministry for the Arts and all Museum staff regular queues of eager Museum goers. and volunteers for their enthusiasm and commitment to Australia's leading natural history museum.

More recently 1 have been gratified to see families flooding into the new gallery More Than Dinosaurs · a stimulating new approach to a perennial Museum favourite.

9 Mu6eum Director. De6 Gribhin DIR E CT OR ' s MESSAGE

De~ G•iffin AM

The major focus for museums. in the midst of continued and often mindless drives to reduce costs, through downsizing

and outsourclng. must be a search for what attitudes and sandy beaches and monitoring impacts on the marine environmen t behaviours will help museums make a significant difference. have been developed, and new interpretations of deep·sea diversity Making a difference is the most important indicator of a examined. In human studies. there were breakthroughs in museum's effectiveness. understanding the role of conflict in Australia's indigenous society in northern Australia thousands of years ago. The cha llenge for museums is to improve the understanding

of the world we live in. By making the underlying va lues of The Trust adopted a policy to achieve meaningful and proper the objects in museums manifest. we can ultimately bring involvement of indigenous people in the Museum's responsibility for them to the consciousness of the visitors. cultural material.

fhr challenge tor mu~eum~ i& to improve tile Museum scientists participated in commercial projects contributing to environmental decision making. The turn over for Business under.stanclmg ot tile world we live in . Services exceeded $1 million and the surplus exceeded $3oo,ooo, much of which will assist scientific programs in this time of reduced Museums must understand more about what they can funding from traditional sources. The Museum grossed more than co ntribute to effective learning and enjoyment through ways $7.6 million, ou tsi de of State Government funding, through of drawing on visitors' intrinsic motivation. The attitudes travelling exhibitions, merchandising and admissions, grants and and understandings that visitors bring to their museum visit donations. This amount is larger than that of any other cu ltural affect their interactions in what is largely a social experience. institution in Australia.

Change in the operation of museums and the way they present The Corporate Strategic Plan 1995·97 establishes new themselves ha s been con tinuous over the last 15 years. However, initiatives to deliver quality services and experiences to even greater change in attitude towards the visitor is required. Staff visitors and other customers consistently. The initiatives will commitment and creativity is critical. The focus must be on how staff be achieved by strengthening teamwork, negotiating an skills and knowledge can be harnessed. Capitalising and promoting enterprise award (which will encourage skill improvement the museum's contributions to understanding will be absolutely vital and provide better career pa ths). using information in a world where the notion that producing more of anything. so long technology to increase access to information by the Museum as it ca n be sold, is invading even the information society. and by the public and establishing specialised scientific research cen t res to address major themes including

At the Australian Museum, centres like 'Search & Discover', which evolution and biodiversity. opened this year, are as important as the exciting exhibition 'Rediscovering Pompeli'. The Museum's pu blic spaces and visitor The commitment fro m staff was again exce ptional. I want to services were further improved and there were significant gains in thank the Trus t especially new members Malco lm Long, understanding our visitors and their needs. Margaret Rose. Lucy Turnbull and Nicola Ward. I thank outgoing Minister for the Arts (and now leader of the

Museum scientists participated in exciting discoveries in Australia Opposition). the Hon Peter Collins QC MP for his unflagging and around the world. Discoveries of fossil material in China and support and welcome new Premier and Minister for the Arts. Australia led to reinterpretations of the origins and complexities of the Hon Bob Carr MP. bird and arthropod species. New methods of sampling marine life on

11 0 M o re 1 h a n D 1 n o <1 o u r <1 ° ex 11 i b 1 I 1 o n PUBLIC PROGRAMS AND MARKETING

The public image of the Australian Museum is provided through our quality programs and exhibitions.

'Search & Discover' is a space which has been The Museum began a process of dramatic change to existing established as an information and re sou rce centre to permanent programs and exhibitions last financial year which centralise the Museu m's many thousands of public has continued through this year and will continue over the next scientific enquiries; to provide an area which promotes five years. The changes include updating exhibitions with new Museum science, and allow users to be involved in their information, technological and scientific advances, and a own information enquiries. 'Search & Discover' was redesi gn of the front entrance to the Museum resulting in better developed as a direct resu lt of an identified need for access for the public. such a service in scientific inquiry. An extensive amount of market research, internal surveys and evaluations The Museum divisions of Community Relations, were undertaken to ensure the Museum identified the Education and Exh ibitions are responsible for Public desires of its potential audiences. The Australian Programs. although there is direct involvement from the Museum Society sponsored the establishment and scientific divisions in all these programs. functioning of the program for three years and Hewlett Packard has agreed to supply computer tech nology over Two new permanent programs opened this year. These a period of two yea rs to 'Search & Discover'. progr

'More Than Dinosaurs: Evolution of Life' is more than a 'new' dinosaur exhibition. 'More Than Di nosaurs' shows This highly successful exhibition and program received well life's diversity and its long history consisting of many over 150,000 visitors. Over 300 guests attended th e millions of species of plants and an imals evolving and 'Rediscovering Pompeii' opening function. devised and becoming extinct. Developed with the assistance of executed by Community Relations. The opening was covered by Akubra Hats Pty Ltd, the space enables visit ors to go every Sydney metropolitan television station and the exhibition back through time to before the d inosa urs using itself rece ived widespread media attention in Australia and comput er interactives, fossils. interpretive materials overseas. 'R ediscoverin g Pompeii' was promoted using mostly and of course diMsaur repli cas. The Museum has t aken television and press advertising. together with a direct mail advantage of its main audience, families. to gauge campa ign and other promotional activities. specific dinosaur programs at the younger visitor.

13 Other travelling exhibitions included a diverse range of topics targeting our diverse audiences. 'Environment', a hands-on exhibition, examined environmental issues via The success of the Museum's Interpretive Theatre fun and practical means. 'Great Australian Treasure program continued throughout the year, complementing Hunt: a family adventure of energy and mineral existing or temporary programs with live performances. discoveries' showed the Museum's commitment to high The Theatre Program proved to be a dynamic and quality educational service. A partnership with member innova tive way to communicate with visitors. Over organisations of the Mining Industry Council of Australia 37,000 visitors have viewed productions ranging from was formed to provide substantial educational and children's pantomimes and educational theatre to sponsorship support for this highly interactive program. evening performances for adu lts. Three separate 'Images of Power: spiritual dimensions of Ba linese life', theatrica l performances were conce ived specifically for an exhibition of pictu res collected by Marga ret Mead 'Rediscovering Pompeii'.

and Gregory Bateson in the 1930s consisted of 104 black and white paintings by you ng Ba linese artists. The Australian Museum Open Day was held on Sunday

2 1 May to coincide with International Museums' Day.

The day was a fan tastic success for over 4,500 visitors Over sso. ooo people acce66ecl Ou treacil and the 120 staff and volunteers who participated. program6 in regtanal centre6 and 6CI100l6. The Museum's 'Our Place' space continued with community· based access programs focussing on cultural diversity in The Australian Museum also develops temporary Australia. The communities represented were the lndo·Chinese programs. These projects were initiated by Museum staff, communit y of Ca bramatta, the African Communities Council, and were designed, constructed and developed in-house Italian (and Ro man) cu lture, the children of Crown Street Public mostly th rough a program of smaller exhibitions known School, Sydney's Croatian community, and to mark Refugee as ' Rap id Response'. This year's included 'R abau l', Week. Latin American wo men from western Sydney and young 'Drought', 'Pu lp Friction' and 'The Promised Land'. people who su rvived torture and trauma in their countries of origin. Special mention should be made of the Multicullural As part of the celebration of the 2oth anniversary of Foundation of Australia for undertaki ng a fina ncial commitment International Women's Yea r eighty ra re works by women to su ppo rt 'Our Place'. from the Austra lian Mu seum's collection we re displayed.

The Australian Museum is currently undertaking national tours of School holidays are the busiest periods for the Museum its own programs of 'Gargantuans from the Garden' and 'Shark!'. with fa milies co ming to participate in an enormous range of activities and programs. Themes for each holiday period offer a cohesive ra nge of experiences for visitors and facilitate promotion of the program of events.

14 THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM SOCIETY (TAMS)

Outreach programs of the Museum involved touring The Australian Museum Society encourages a greater exhibitions to statewide venues. resulting in Museum awareness of the Museum's role in the community, increasing expertise and creativity reaching regional New South understanding of our natural environment and cultural heritage.

Wales. Over 525,000 people have enjoyed the Museum and also assists the Museum financially. On The Road (MOTR) travelling exhibitions in areas of the South Coast, Western NSW, Northern Tablelands and This year was an outstanding year for the Society, with an the Australian Capital Territory. The Museum-in·a·Box unprecedented standard membership increase of more than

programs were extremely popular with 448 loans to 273 woo bringing total membership to over 9,000. Much of this

schools with more tha n 42,000 students directly using membership increase was due to the excellent program of

the boxes. events run in conjunction with the Museum's highly popular exhibitions, particularly 'Rediscovering Pompeii'. These events All these programs were supplem ented by visits to the included lecture series. all·day seminars, social activities and a Museum by school groups. School visits are directly children's event (a sleep-over), all of which were fully

targeted with education programs and there was a 21% subscribed and enjoyed. increase in the total number of education visits. This is largely attributable to the success of Rediscovering lecture series were an extremely popular component of Pompeii. the activities program; the Sydney Basin series was very much in demand. The year's Science Super Series speakers · Noam Chomsky, Paul Sereno, David Bellamy The total number ob vi6itor6 to and Stephen )ay Gould · attracted large audiences and a t,. h e Mu6eum wa6 396. 434· great deal of favourable media attention. Apart from these overseas speakers. the lecture program included Thi6 included 51. 678 6Choo/ 6tudent6. such em inent Australian speakers as Mike Stroud and Barbara Thiering_ Members also enjoyed luncheon talks

The successful negotiation of a co ntract with Sydney Water has by Monica Attard and Richard Morecroft. seen stage one of the Marine exhibition interactive "Trip to the Sea" come to fruition. Also prominent in the a rea of new Hi ghly successful tours to Bunaken in Northern Sulawesi business development has been the interest of and to Zimbabwe and Botswana were led by Museum telecommunications leaders Optus and Vodafone to expand scientists Penny Berents and Tim Flannery respectively. the ir mobile digital network through an arrangement with the and the fossil tour to Canowindra led by Alex Ritchie was Australian Museum. The challenge of gaining signi ficant repeated twice due to popular demand.

corporate support is being solidly met for the re-development of two major Museum spaces . Aboriginal Australia (1997) and The 120 volunteers. greatly appreciated by Museum Australian Environments (1998). staff. were once again selected and placed by the Society's volunteer co -ordinator.

15 Srrenribrr 61Clbf, preparins bor a ~reld /rrp SCIENCE IN THE MUSEUM

The Australian Museum is international ly renowned for its excellence in resea rch in Australia and the Asia Pacific region.

During the yearr a plan was developed for the The ded ica ted resea rch focuses on the taxonomy and establishment of research centres, emphasising sys tematics of living and extinct creatures. The aim of th is collaborative research in areas of high scientific and resea rch is to progress to a more effective and ever-expanding social re levance. il'he Museum also operates a program of classification system reflecting more fully the evolutionary Visiting Fellowships, in which senior scientists from structure of living creatures. This research links directly with overseas visit the Museum to undertake research on environmental issues of biodiversity and the preservation of Australian issues. Once again the Museum had endangered species. responsibility for co-ord inating the Eureka Prizes · a national program of science prizes awarded annually by New species of animals are found more often in Australasia than the Museum, the ABC, Po t Publishing, the Department of in Europe or North America because this biogeographic region Employment, Education and Training and New South has received the least attention over the last three centuries. Wales University Press. As a result Australian taxonomic research is in the forefront internationally. Over the year, Museum research has led to a Museum environment al science endeavours to enhance number of discoveries impacting directly upon the expanding environmental management and awa reness through classi fication system. ecological research and by providing advice and comment to governments, the public, the media and

New discoveries form part of the world-class collections consultants. Research focuses on furthering knowledge maintained and housed by the Museum. Thousands of of ecological distributions and processes related to specimens and materials were added to and registered as part environmental problems. of the Museum collections. Mu6eum 6c·ienll6t6 di6covered new Jpecie6 in

Much of the Museum research ends in publication of the the evolulionar.v chain and gave tile Stale and process and resu lts of the research, which may be used by co mmercial enterprises and international organisations. Federal government6 advrce on population.

environmental and biodiver6ity i~6ue6. Vital to the resea rch is the field work undertaken during the year. Collecting was conducted on land and sea, often in collaboration with other major organisations A study of biology and ecology of two beach amphlpod species and funded by significant government (both Australian has progressed t o the analysis of life-history and ecological and overseas) grants. Fieldwork covered parts of data of these species. New collaborative, experimental Australia, and North America. Ch i.na, French Polynesia, resea rch with the Environment Protection Authority (EPA) has New Caledonia and lrian Jaya. Th e Australian Museum co mmenced with the aim of elucidating the effects of also operates a research station o n Liza rd Island in the cont ami nated sediments on benthic fauna (living at the bottom Great Barrier Reef. of the sea). A paper outlining new sampling methods for migratory beach species was delivered at the Second International Conference on Sandy Beaches in Vald ivia. Chile.

17 Museum staff studied the effect of habitat fragmentation on woodland birds in the NSW wheatbelt. Much of the native vegetation remaining in western NSW exists in small patches in The Vertebrate Zoology and Scientific Services division places such as roadside reserves. Preliminary surveys have conducts research and provides information on the systematics, been conducted showing that there are some species of birds ecology and behaviour of Australian vertebrates (fishes, which are unable to survive in small patches of remnant amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) and their relatives vegetation and are dependent on state forests and other large from other areas of the world. areas. Herpetology maintained the collections of amphibians

The biology and management of the Green and Golden Bell Frog and reptiles from the Australasian region and conducted and the Hastings River Mouse have been examined. The results research into the biology, evolution and conservation of offer a better understanding of species' distribution. amphibians and reptiles. Research focussed on the conservation status and habitat requirements. description of a new species and genus of Philippine skink. Work on variation in limb morphology of Green Earth Science research conducted by the Mineralogy and and Golden Bell Frogs. and abnormal limb development Petrology section combines two linked aspects of east Australian in Green and Golden Bell Frogs continued. Six new geology - the source of valuable gemstones and the volcanic species of New Caledonian skinks were identified when process which delivers them. This research involves an extensive electrophoretic analysis of a large collaborative work with Australian and overseas researchers and geographically variable genus of the skinks was institutions. New databases were established for the precious undertaken. metals and ornamental and carved minerals collections. The development of a multimedia prese ntation of the Palaeontology research focused on early animals, Endangered Frogs of New South Wales began. The presentation particularly arthropods. from Chengjiang, China. Due to contains, descriptions, images and calls of endangered and this research new patterns in the evolution of trilobites threatened frogs, with detailed information on their and very primitive arthropods have been proposed. The distribution. Museum was part of an international team describing

the earliest-known chordate in the fossil record and with Ichthyology's work focused on the Larval Fish Archive Project, colleagues from Argentina, found documentation of the funded by the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation life histories of trilobites from the Ordovician Period. (FRDC). The aim of this is to incorporate into the Australian New material of the Late Devonian armoured fish. Museum collection a number of larval fish collections from Groenlandaspis, from Canowindra is being studied. around Australia to enable greater access for ecological or along with the much rarer, lobe-finned sarcopterygian fishery studies. fishes. There has been three new genera of

sarcopterygians identified and fully reconstructed. Ichthyology research on whalefishes of the families Cetomimidae. Rondeletiidae and Barbourisiidae continues. with Generous donations were received from Mr lames current work concentrating on DNA sequences and relationships Fairfax. Akubra Hats Pty Ltd, Reader's Digest and the of whalefishes and related fami lies (with assistance from the Lightning Ridge Bowling Club in support of research Evolutionary Biology Unit). Work continued with the South work and for acquiring specimens for the Palaeontology African Museum on the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) co llections. world ca talogue of myctophid lantern fishes. Accounts of thirty-

18 Orn ithology maintained the collections of birds from the Australasian region and conducted research into the five deepsea fish families were submitted to the FAO for their biology, evolution and conservation of recent and fossil new spec1es identification volumes for the western central birds. The Ornithology section received hundreds of Paci fi c. Additional research on gemfish genetics is underway. donated specimens this year from the public, National Parks and Wildlife Service, other government I The Museum was involved in the establishment of a formal institutions and museums. Valuable material was I International collaborative research program on coral reef obtained on exchange in conjunction with travel to the J fishes with the Universite de Perpignan, France. An Australian International Ornithological Congress in Vienna. Research Council (ARC) International Fellowship has enabled a french scholar to spend one year in Australia working on larvae 223.006 new acqui6ilion6 were added tC\ of coral reef fishes as part of this program. J\1 U6eum collertion6. brinsins the overcrl/ The Mammals section undertook research into the l total to clo6e ro 16 million. l evolution. ecology, systematics and taxonomy of mammals in the Australasian region and managed the [ research collections it holds from these areas. Research Research continued into birds of Australia and on continued into the jaw of a fossil monotreme from Tertiary bird fossils. A paper by Or Waiter Boles on the lightning Ridge. This important specimen represents a world's earliest known passerine bird (songbird) was new family of monotremes. The discovery of a published in the prestigious Nature magazine. remarkable undescribed tree-kangaroo in lrian Jaya I generated much publicity. Studying the social structure, The Evolutionary Biology Unit is responsible for the application l group size and rep roduction of tree-kangaroos and of biochemical and microscopical information and techniques to research into extinct mammals from Melanesia th e Museum's re search, principally in the areas of molecular I. continued. Work on population issues is on going and biology, scanning electron microscopy and photomicrography. has led to consultation with both federal and state Current research in the biochemistry laboratory of the Unit is ~ governments. concentrated on DNA sequencing. The main projects are an ARC funded study of snail relationships; determination of the I Preparation of a field guide to bats of southeastern Australia is numbers of valid species in a widespread genus of sea snakes: l underway with the assistance of a grant from the W V Scott investigations of the evolutionary systematics of whalefishes; Foundation. The Museum is involved in a cooperative research and use of DNA sequences to study marsupial relationships. program on roost ecology of forest bats with State Forests Financial support was received from the Australia·New Zealand of NSW. Foundation for the study of gemfish genetics. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) laboratory assisted other research

Publication by Tim Flannery of The Future Eaters, an ecological by Museum scientists. history of the Australian Lands and People became an immediate best seller and has received widespread acclaim. The division of Invertebrate Zoology focuses on the importance of invertebrate (without backbone) biodiversity through

The Mammals section acknowledges Paddy Pallln, Sydney. for taxonomic and environmen tal research. The divisions' research their valuable support of ongoing fieldwork and P.T. Freeport, covers terrestrial and milrine invertebrates. Indonesia for sponsorship of the 1994 fieldwork in lrian Jaya.

19 Many insects have no common names. This is particularly so in Australia where a long history of amateur activity does not exist as in Europe. The A CD·ROM interactive identification key on oribatid vastness is reflected in the Museum in sect (entomology) mites for use by agricultural and forestry scientists collection where, in this year alone, over 25,000 interested in these important decomposer organisms in specimens were added. the soil is being developed. This work is supported by an Au stralian Biological Re sources Study (ABRS) grant

Funding has been provided by the EPA for the curation and involves collaboration with scientists from the and databasing of freshwater invertebrates resu lting CSIRO and the Un iversity of Queensland. A draft key fo r from sampling of NSW river systems. This project is the identification of Australian harvestmen. arachnids associated with the CEPA Major Rivers Health In itiative . distantly related to spiders and mites. is currently being This important collection will add significantly to our trial led. aquatic insect holdings and will form a major reference co llection for NSW. Important to Ma lacology is its molluscs collections. A new database was commissioned and put into effect. Information on

Research in entomology revised the higher classification the colour and shape of the living an imal is an essential element of Australian cicadas. A systematic review of the in building a comprehensive scientific col lection of nudibranch Australian stilt flies (family Micropezidae) was ca rried sea·slugs. A program was initiated to scan a selection of out and included ma ny species new to science and one photographic slides onto PhotoCD. which is of conservation co ncern. Work on the family Dolichopodidae, the long·legged flies, and the family Malacology research activity has focused on the preparation of Empididae, the dance flies continued. The fauna is very a monograph on the Opisthobranch Molluscs of New Ca ledonia . rich indeed and possibly comprises up to 350 species. a project partly funded by the French research agency ORSTOM almost all undescri bed . and the Natural History Museum. Paris. Studies on gastropod relationships are being funded by an AR C gran t. This A monograph of the Termatophylini of the world was completed international collaborative program seeks to test current and included phylogenetic analyses, evolutionary history, of the hypotheses of gastropod phylogeny using molecu lar an d genera. The tribal classification of the Deraeocorinae was morphological data. Analysis and writing up of the genetic discussed. The use of the metathoracic glands as taxonomic studies on hydrodiid snails was conducted. A funded program and phylogenetic cha racters in the classification of the continued documenting a large currently undescribed fau na of Orthotylinae was reviewed and a new classification is presently hydrobiids from south eastern Australia. being prepared. A generic reclassification of the Austromirini is being prepared with the B P Bishop Museum (Hawaii) under an During the year systematic studies on Australian Polychaetes, Australian· US Bilateral Scientific grant scheme. Th is has marine worms, continued. A revision of the Australian resulted in the identification of 40 genera, of which 33 are new. Sigalionidae is nearing completion. The revision of the genus Mediomastus (F. Capitellidae) was published. lt includes Work continued on Pacific and South American filistatid spiders. detailed descriptions of all known species in this group of small Th is is the first analysis of the re lationships of these unique problema tic worms. basal araneomorph spiders, and complements an earlier study of the Austra lia n fauna.

20 An Environment Trust Grant was awarded to develop an interactive computerise d data base of coastal and estuarine polychaetes in SE Australi a. This three yea r gra nt is be ing During 1995 a DELTA interac tive key to the amphipod supplemen ted by an ABRS grant. In itially, collections from Bass families of the world was developed. This is an Strait, )ervis Bay and Botany Bay will be incorporated into the important brea kthrough because amphipods are a major data base, including many undescribed species. component of most ma rine and freshwater su rvey and research work and are notoriously difficu lt to identify. In addition, studies on the terebellid fa una of No r thern Th is key allows accurate and efficient iden tification of Australia were completed and another on the te rebellid fauna of amphipods at family level using text and images. the Abro lhos Islands in Western Austra lia is nearing completion. Both these studies revealed a number of undescribed species. ANTHROPOLOGY In collaboration with CSIRO, a paper on the benthic

comm uni ties offshotre from a large iron ore smelter was The division of Anthropology concentra tes on the material completed . Sites nearest the discharge pipes were culture, ethnography and prehistory of the indigenous peoples heavily contam inated with a cocktail of minerals and of Australia. the Pacific Islands and island South· East Asia. The heavy metals and have a ve ry reduced benthic fauna. As rest of the world is represented in the co llections but receives

the smelter has been in operation for over 100 yea rs and lesser em phasis. Anthropology active ly encourages the discharging for the same length of time, the study involvement of indigenous peoples whose cu ltu ral heritages are provides useful data on the long term cumulative effects represented in the collections and promotes close relationships of a variety of contaminants. with indigenous peoples in other parts of the world.

Deep-sea biodiversity research continued in Using analyses of artefacts excavated on Garua Island, research collabo ration with colleagues at the Un iversity of was ca rried out on the origins and development of obsidian Boston, the Natur al History Museum Lo nd on and (vo lcanic ro ck) trade in Melanesia and the effects of volcanic University Marine Biological Labs, Isle of Cumbrae. Data hazards on cu ltu re change in West New Brita in. Papua New on the huge diversity of isopods and po lychaetes was Guinea. Using nu-clear techniques to mat ch obsidian artefacts presented at a Deep Sea Biology Conference in Crete. with their geological sou rces. there is indication that major

social changes occurred during the past 4000 years. The work Research projects on scavenging crustaceans, lysianassoid has allowed us to link previously undated archaeological sites amphipod systematics and DELTA applications, continued over severa l hundred kilometres. during the year. Scavenge rs of Eastern Australian Seas projec t continued to study the composition and structure of marine The first Antiquity Prize was awarded for a paper titled "Of scavenging guilds on the continental shelf and slope. These Lightni ng Brothers and White Cockatoos: dating the an tiquity of gu ilds are groups of species which clean sea bottoms and range signifying systems in the Northern Territory, Australia" to Dr Val from sharks to tiny ostracode crustaceans (seed shrimps) less Attenbrow. lt was published in the British archaeological than zmm in length. About 200 species of scavengers have journal Antiquity. been id en tified from over so ooo individuals collected. By far the dominant scavenge rs in species and abundance are three groups of small crustacea ns known as cypridinid ostracodes, ciro lani d isopods and lysianassoid amphipods.

21 Paciblc culture6 are repre6enred in the Anthropolo~.\ collecrion6 Analysing the production and use of stone tools is providing informal ion about prehistoric Aboriginal

settlement and resource use. The study concentrates November 1994 of a shell midden in a rock-shelter at Sugarloaf on the role of stone tools in subsistence by identifying Point on the Lane Cove River. Radiocarbon dates indicate microscopic traces o f use on tool edges and the occupation of this site dating back about 4000 years. People patterns of tool production relating to mobile and from the Metropolitan Local Aboriginal Land Councils continued sedentary settlements across the Australian region. to be involved in the fieldwork and analysis of the excavated Particular sites studied include Coornamu in the east materials. Results of the analysis, showing that fish traps or nets Kimberley. Anbangbang in Kakadu and Cuddie Springs were probably used in Port Jackson in addition to the methods in northwestern NSW. Together these sites span at recorded historically (fish spears and angling), were published. least 6o.ooo yea rs, and provide new evidence of Work continued on the Upper Mangrove Creek Catchment Project cultural change and continuity. Recent analysis has with further radiocarbon dates obtained for four of the excavated identified, at Cuddie Springs, a morphological range of sites to verify estimates of the length of time over which they 30,ooo ye ar old grinding stones for processing plant were occ upied. Three of the sites were occupied during the last

foods. i ncluding seeds. 6oo years and the fourth about 2,400 years.

The House of Representatives Standing Committee on Radtc carbon dattng ot Abonginal ollell Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs visited the

mtddeno 011 S}dney Harbour revealed Museum. They found that of all the institutions they had visited. the Museum was leading the way in terms of occupation dating back 4000 yearo. addressing and, more importantly, acting upon Aboriginal concerns.

In the Northern Territory, recording the older rock art styles in Kakadu National Park continued as a part of a A grant was received from ATSIC for the Aboriginal long-term research project. Beeswax rock art at several Outreach Program, in which staff visited a wide range of sites was sampled for dating. Research was conducted communities and cu ltural centres. They also organised in Kakadu National Park, near Oenpelli, western Arnhem for numerous groups to visit the Australian Museum and Land and near the Mann River, central Arnhem Land. In coordinated a major workshop at Wallaga Lake, NSW.

the process. over 100 previously undocumented rock painting and engraving sites were recorded near the The Museum negotiated an agreement with Jackson Mann River. Wells Communications for a fundraising strategy for the development of Aboriginal collections. The division

A research program commenced which compares and contrasts received a major cash donation from Senta Taft·Hendry rock pa inting depictions of Rainbow Serpents from across to initiate a visiting fellowship scheme for the study of Arnhem Land. A minor research program commenced to analyse Pacific arts and cultures in honour of the late Leo depictions of human figures 4,ooo-6,ooo years of age from sites Fleischmann, former manager of Galleries Primitif. across Arnhem Land. The Museum signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Vanua tu Cultural Centre. formalising a close relationship The Port Jackson archaeological project continued resea rch into lhe prehistory of the Aborigina l inhabitants of Po rt Jackson. The between the two institu tions. 0 1 " lieldwo,~ fo• thi• p•oje

23 PHOTOGRAPHIC SERVICES MATERIALS CONS ERVATION

Materials Conservation preserves the Museum's Photographic Services provides for the promotional, public collections. improves its accessibility to the community program and scientific needs of the Museum. Services include and works with other museums. cu ltural groups and t he the creation of origina l colour and black & wh ite image s, public on the care of cultural heritage. documentation of galleries and collections, black & white printing, X·radiography, slide duplication and electron ic

Research into the effect of the insect growth regu lator, imaging. "Fenoxycarb", on webbing clothes moths was carried ou t. The initial results obtained were very promising. Te sting should be complete by the end of 199 5 at which RESEARCH LIBRARY time this research project wi ll be extended to include other common museum pests. Preliminary testing of the The Australian Museum Research Library is one of Australia's effectiveness of a pheromone trap specific for the finest and oldest natural history libraries. Its comprehensive common clothes moths has be gun. and specialised collections cover invertebrate and vertebrate zoology, taxonomy. environmental science, earth sciences. As part of a wider research project to determine anthropology. materials conservation, management. educa tion appropriate technologies for climate co ntrol in tropical and museology. it has a significant Rare Book Collection and a regions. an experimental project is continuing which general collection of 35,000 monographs and 12,000 serial examines the effect of variable relative humidity titles. condition s on mould growth. Mould growth is a major

problem for the Australian Museum and other A new information service introduced the ability to search all institutions. particularly those in the tropics. tables of contents in electronic format for serials received by the Museu m since 1992 (the wee kly SERIA LS MADNESS) using Initial results from a small research project looking at the the text retrieval software ISYS. This has proved to be an recovery of photographic materials after flooding has begun. lt enormously useful reference tool in gaining electronic access to has indicated that conven tional te ch niques for disaste r serial literature. recovery may indeed cause damage to photographic materials. There are substantial collections of photographs throughout the

Museum which could be effect ed by disasters. ARCH IVES

The research component of the "Marind Ani m" project has been The Australian Museum Archives holds those records created by completed. This collection is part of Anth ro pology and contains the Museum which have long·term archiva l value. The holding s unique examples of ce remonial body deco ration made by the date from 1836 and provide evidence of the history and Marind Anim people in lrian )aya. The identification of development of the Museum. These unique records exist in a deteriorating factors such as the method of manu facture and variety o f formats: manuscript and printed material. efflorescence have been significant. photographs. maps, plans. drawings. material archives and electronic records. A major development has been t he assigning of the responsibility fo r photographic archives to the Archives section. J LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) year, the Fellowship was awarded to llona Stobutzki of James Cook University. llona is looking at the pelagic early life stage The number of LAN users is now 155 and capacity has been of reef fish. Her study is focusing on how fast and how far larval mcreased to handle the extra burden on the Network due to the reef fish swim and how they find reefs. Her study will provide uptake of new technology by users and also increasing valuable information on distribution patterns of pelagic life complexity of communicatrons and applications. Phase two of stages of reef fish which is essential for preserving and an upgrade to Windows is completed, and new application managing re ef fish communities. Financial support for the software has been evaluated and Implemented as part of the annual Fellowship is provided by the Lizard Island Reef upgrade. Future plans include full Internet access for Museum Research Foundation. staff and the development of the Museum as a World Wide Web srte with a range of innovative information resources. The Station's largest capital development building program since the early 198os was completed this year. The building program consisted of three separate LI ZARD ISLAND RESEARCH STATION project s for which planning and fundraising has taken two years. The projects were a new aquarium system The lizard Island Research Station was established by the incorporating an upgrade of the power generating Australian Museum in 1973. 11 now has an international system, substantial extensions to each of Kirby and reputa tion as being one of the world's most important coral reef Suntory Houses, upgrading the power generating Research Stations. The Station is situated In the pristine waters system, and an important addition to The Raym ond E. of the northern Great Barrier Reef. lt provides housing and Purves Laboratory. Funding for these projects came research facilities for scientists and educationill groups. The from four main sources. A collaborative propn<::~l Station's mission is to increase understanding of the Great between the Australian Museum and James Cook Barrier Reef by fostering high quality scientific research. University resulted in a $315 .ooo grant from the Providing superior research facilities Is central to the Australian Research Council for construction of the achieve ment of the mission. aquarium syst em and a much needed larger generator. The James N. Kirby Foundation is providing $6o,ooo for

Research is the Station's prime focus with the majority of extensions to Kirby House and a similar amount was projects being conducted on the biology and ecology of reef provided for Suntory House from some of the funds fishes and hard corals. )ames Cook University initiated a major received from the sale of the R.V. Sunbird. Stage 11 of program on fish recruitment. The study uses a novel method of the Purves Laboratory was funded mainly by a $2o,ooo taggmg fish eggs with the aim of det ermining whether fish grant from The Raymond E. Purves Foundation. larvae recruit ba ck to the reef from which they were hatched. The new aquarium syst em will increase by about so% the

During the past several years an English based film company, Station's capacity to hold marine specimens for scie ntific Ima ge Quest, has used the Station extensively for making a research. The addition of cu lture facilities, temperature documentary on planktonic marine life. This documentary is controlled aquarium rooms, and equipment for filtering sea being produced for screening in 3D at Omnimax theatres. water will enable scientists to conduct investigations which were not possible previously.

The St atlon· con trnues· to support promrsrng young scientists through the Lizard Island Doctoral Fellowship scheme. This RESEARCH EXPERTISE

Or Jim Lowry Systematics, phylogeny and Or Vat Atlenbrow Australian prehistory and archaeology reproductive biology of amphipods Or Richard Major Breeding ecology of birds and Or Penny Berents Systematics of am phi pods Or Oan Bickel Insect systematics and behaviour; effects of habitat fragmentation on rainforest insects survival Mr Waiter Boles Systematics and biology of birds Or Shane McEvey Evolution and taxonomy of Or Lissant Bolton Women's material culture and drosophilid flies cultural identity in Vanuatu Mr Max Moulds Systematics of cicadas and hawk Or Gerry Cassis Insect systematics and co· moths evolution studies Or Harry Parnaby Bat systematics Or Hal Cogger Systematics of sea snakes; Or John Paxton Systematics, phylogeny and conservation of the herpetofaunas ecology of deep sea fishes of Australia and the western Pacific Mr Ross Pogson Sulphate minerals at Jenolan Or Don Colgan Protein electrophoretic and Caves molecular systematics Or Winston Ponder Evolution, biogeography and Or Greg Edgecombe Phylogeny of trilobites and other systematics of molluscs; early arthropods functional morphology and Or Tim Flannery Systematics of present and fossil anatomy of molluscs Australian mammals; human Or Graham Pyke Ecology of birds, bees and frogs; ecology pollination biology; behavioural Or Richard Fullagar Archaeology in Australia and ecology Papua New Guinea Or Alex Rltchie Evolution and biogeography of Or Mi ke Gray Systematics and behaviour of Ordovician to Devonian fishes, spiders including the Canowindra fauna Or Alien Greer Systematics and biology of Or Bill Rudman Biology and ecology of Australian snakes and lizards opisthobranch molluscs Or Ooug Hoese Systematics and ecology of Mr Ross Sadlier Systematics of New Caledonian shorefishes and freshwater fishes lizards; systematics of spiny-tailed Or Glenn Hunt Systematics of mites and geckos harvestmen Or Jim Specht Prehistory and material culture Or Pat Hutchings Systematics and ecology of of the Pacific region polychaete worms: bioerosion Or Lin Sutherland Mineralogy, petrology and volcanic of coral reefs; ecology and rocks of eastern Australia

management of estuarine wetlands Or Paul Ta~on Australian Aboriginal rock art and Or Alan Jones Biology, ecology and ecotoxicology material cu lture of marine invertebrates Or Robin Torrence Archaeology in Papua New Guinea Or Jeff lels Taxonomy, ontogeny and ecology of Or George Wilson Phylogenetic systematics and larval fishes biogeography of isopods --

RECOMME NDATIONS OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION NTOABORIGI NAL DEATHS IN CUSTODY • An outreach program to assist Aboriginal community

. es have been undertaken by the Museum to museums and keeping places in NSW to develop n1~1a tlV mplement recommendations of the Royal Com mission into facilities to care for heritage items and to develop Aborigina l Deaths in Custody, specifically Re commendation educational projects.

56. which states (in part): • The return of human remains for re burial to th ree NSW

"... many Aboriginal people have expressed the wish communities.

~ record and make known to both Aboriginal and non­ AIIo••ginal people aspects of the history, traditions and • An increase in access of Aboriginal people to ontemporary culture of Aboriginal society.... The Commission information about their cultural heritage. The

•ecomme~ds that government and appropriate heritage Museum published three more catalogues of items in authoritieS negotiate with Aboriginal communities and its collections. organisations in order to support such Aboriginal initiatives". • The involvement of Aboriginal people in all phases of

The Museum is committed to supporting this archaeological and ethnographic research and the recomme ndation through the management. care and provision of training (NSW and NT). conservation and presentation of collections of Aboriginal el' tage items from NSW and other parts of Australia. Expenditures for the above programs and activities Activities and initiatives in 1994-95 included: were as follows: Training · DIRETFE $154,244; Outreach program · ATSIC $5o,ooo; Publication

'Continuation of the training of four Aboriginal staff in a range subsidies · Mise sources $3,000; Resea rch grants • of Museum positions that began in late 1993. w ith the AIATSIS and Mise sources $t4,000. assistance of a special grant from NSW OIRETFE.

'Educational and public programs designed to inform the general public abou t Aboriginal culture and related issues. These range from the exhibition, Aboriginal Australia, to special act ivities and temporary exhibitions such as 'Women's Views'.

27 Mu<~£'11111 Cnte COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

The Museum operates a number or commercial en terprises which generate supplementary income for Museum activities and research . The Museum also offers its professional services on a lt is intended to continue to su pply a unique range of commercial basis. Natural History books as well as reasonably priced products to meet the needs of our family visitors. We also intend to source and provide the best in art design MUSEUM AS AVENUE and in unique craft for our international tourists and interstate and local visitors. Museum as a Venue continues to provide revenue support to the Museum by hiring out areas or the Museum for commercial Money spent per customer increased from the previous functions. Sales increased by 30% and over 2o,ooo people year by 41%. attended functions at the Museum. For the first time a Museum exhibi tion, Rediscovering Pompeii, was packaged and marketed to the corporate sector. This proved popular during the pre· NATURE AUSTRALIA Christmas period. Museum as a Venue participated in two trade shows during the year · Sydney's Bridal Expo and the Sydney Nature Australia magazine, formerly Australian Natural Convention and Visitors' Bureau, Sydney on Sale. both of wh ich History magazine, continued to grow through the year. generated new business. Each issue outsells its predecessor, and it now has more readers than at any time in its history.

As part of the College Street foyer refurbishment, the catering facilities for the Museum have been upgraded and a new family In keeping with the Museum's mission. Nature Australia diner has been installed at the entrance to the Museum, has consistently stimulated debate through the offering quick. reasonably priced meals for our fa mily and publication of original and sometimes provocative school visitors. Nea rly 40% of Muse um visitors purchased articles. Three features in particular, covering how so mething from our food outlets this year; almost double the human impact has allowed honeyeaters to threaten result of previous years. This has, of course, produced other bird species, on the environmental pros and cons increased revenue for the Museum from its catering operations. of mining versus farming, and on the inconsistencies in our laws governing 1he keeping of native animals as pets generated intense discussion and media coverage. MUSEUM SHOP The Winter '95 issue, published in June 1995. marked

During 1994 redevelopment or the Co ll ege Street foyer the beginning of the 75th year of continuous publication was completed wh ich Included refurbishment of the for the magazine. it also opens a new chapter in its life Museum Shop and the relocation of the Ch ildren's Shop with the change of name to Nature Australia. The Winter from the Atrium to the main Museum Shop. The result is issue carried Tim Flannery's first full writlen account of a brighter and more welcoming shop that offers a more his discovery of a new tree-kangaroo in lrian Jaya. extensive range of merchandise for Museum visitors.

29 NATURE FOCUS, THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM PHOTO AGENCY

1994/95 was the full year of operation for Nature Focus. The Australian Museum Photo Agency, launchec.J to AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM BUSINESS SERVICES streamline and build on the image sales operations of the form er NPIAW (National Photographic Index of During the year. Australian Museum Business Services attracted Austra lian Wildlife). over $1.2 million worth of business. A total of 122 jobs were won during this time, the biggest of which was an

Nature Focus has steadily increased its customer base. Environmental Audit at the Holsworthy Army Base. Other its portfolio of images. and its sales. Turnover from projects won include a Fauna Impact Study of the Green and image sales has doubled. Our images have appeared in Golden Bell Frog at the Einfield Freight Terminal for Ki nhill such diverse locations as the new Qantas termina l, an Connell Wagner. a NSW Survey of Pinctada radiata & Pinct AFL poster. a lottery scratchcard, parrot food packaging, oysters for Barrier Pearls, an archaeological Test Excavation at fridge magnets, a Japanese science magazine, American Mt Owen Mine for ERM Re source Planning and in the area of and British CD·ROMs and a Serbian hymnbook. exhibitions management and production. the production of a major whale exhibition for UnderWater World, in Queensland. Nature Focus has also worked with Webster Publishing to produce CD·ROM versions of the NPIAW encyclopedia Other projects included a large Botany Bay project fo r the series. To date two volumes, covering Mammals and Federal Airports Corporation, Homebush Bay shorebird project Reptiles & Frogs, have been published. and the proposed site of Byron Bay Club Med Resort.

A task group has undertaken a review of the processes for SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS undertaking science commercialisation projects. This has led to a decision to seek quality accreditation for this process The Records of the Australian Museum, their Supplements and under ISO 9002. through Quality Assurance Ply Ltd. the Technical Reports continue to provide Australian and international scientists one of the most important means for publishing taxonomic research relating to regional fauna. The international standing of the Australian Museum is served in no small way by the mailing of Records, Supplements and Technical Reports to 733 libraries around the world. In return the Australian Museum Library receives, in exchange, re search journals of an estimated value of $tooK. Sales also generate considerable income on lop of the Exchange Pro gram.

30 ADMINI STRATION

No large organisation can function without efficient administrative support.

To enable the Museum to comply with the Statutory An energy survey was co mmissioned and completed by Sydney requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency, Electricity which has identified potential savings based on a the Fire Protection for the co llection areas was changed cost recovery period of around four years. Since this initial from (CFC) Ha lon Gas to a (HCFC) NAFS Ill gas. This gas survey, discussions have been held with Austral ian Energy has far less impact on the environment and is list ed until

Solutions. resu lting in the undertaking of further detailed the yea r 2030 under the Montrea l Protocol for HCFCs. studies including an implementation strategy to achieve An Early Warning and Detect ion System has bee n significant long term electricity cost reductions. installed in both the William Street Anthropology stores and in the Pa cific and Palaeontology collection areas. work has continued on reviewing options for potential This system protects the areas with four levels of development of the eastern end of the Museum site, in warning alarms before any gas is discharged. The conjunction with Kinhill Engineering Pty Ltd. A conservation combination of the Early Warning and the new gas make plan has been prepared for buildings on the site by Mr Brian the system one of the best in the world for this type of McDonald (Heritage Architect) and this has been discussed with asset/collection protection. the Heritage Council. During the year, ownership of the former school buildings was transferred from the Education fibteen MuMum 6Ctentt6t6 received re6earch Department to the Museu m, resulting in all land on the Museum srant6 $664.438 site now being owned by the Museum. totalLing

In Dece mber 1994, the Museum was successful in gaining The telecommunications system has been upgraded. A accreditation to perform job evaluations usi ng the Organisation replacement PABX telephone system was purchased and Consulting Reso urces (OCR) methodology. The Job Evaluation installed in the Museum. New telephones and voice mail process will assist with the implementation of an en terprise message systems were also installed. The nu mber of agreement by measuring jobs and ensuring staff are lines to the Museum increased from 10 to 6o. remunerated appropriate ly. A draft enterprise agreement has been developed and was sent to the Australian Centre for Financial reports for the Trust were redesigned to provide a clearer Industrial Relations Research and Training (ACI RRT) located at understanding of the Museum's financial position with a focus on Syd ney University. Re commendations from ACIRRT have been end of year result and cash position. An upgrade of the accounting useful in assisting with finalising the bargaining process. software was conducted which will provide a more flexible reporting system. The Training and Development area organised courses and seminars, including Four Wheel Drive training, Media Skills, Internal audit reports were undertaken by the Internal Audit Presentation Skills, Middle Management Development Program, Bu reau, covering the main areas of the Museum's operations. A

Customer Service Excellence and Occupational Health & Safety fraud assessment and strategy development program was courses. Two Museum staff attended the Museum Mana gement conducted in accordance with government policy. Course held at Mt Eliza Business School in Victoria.

31 This year there was a considera ble increase in the volume of at the Museum, none held by female officers. The p ositions are paymen ts processed. The increase wa s due mainly to the held by the same officers as in the previous yea r. increase in the vo lume of commercial co ntracts won by the Museum's Business Services section. An action plan has been developed to assess and prioritise functional activities for suitability for ma rket testing and

Outstanding Creditors as at 30 June 1995 contracting. lt should be noted that the fo llowing activities are Current 962,646 already contracted out by the Museum:· building ma intenance, 30-60 days overdue 78,426 some market research , restaurants, some exhibition 60-90 days overdue 64.790 construction. over 90 days overdue 60,821 Total 1,166,683 Visitor response is recorded on Museum programs .and facilities in a Comments Book at the inform at ion desk in the College Percentage of accounts paid on time Street foyer. The vast majority of com ments reco rded indicate a Total am ount of accounts paid on tim e 7,134.359 very high level of satisfaction. All comments rece ilve a reply in Total am ount of accounts pa id 9.773,095 writing, where adequate detail is provided. Many respondents offer helpful suggestions which are given to the appropriate The pro blems affecting the prompt processing of payments this Division for consideration and action. As stated in our Mission, year have been delays in providing invoices or goods received the Museum seeks to be a ca talyst in changing public attitudes advice, by Divisions/Sections, to the Finance section and and action, and so it is inevitable that some programs will difficulties at times arising from restricted cash flows. attract complaints from visitors with differing views. All complaints are investigated and a reply provided by mail, Security was enhance d by further expansion of the electronic te lephone, or in person by Museum staff. Complaints about access control system, the CCTV system and the intrusion alarm Museum programs and services are few, averaging no more system. than three per month.

tn keeping with the recyclin g program, recyclable waste wa s regularly collected from designated areas in the Museum and DISABILITY STRATEGIES placed for collection by the Con tractor. There was an increase

in the quantity of material recycled . lt is intended to look at The Museum's public areas are currently accessible to disabled methods of re ducin g the cost of waste management within the visitors via a wheelchair ra mp leading to the William Stree t Museum. entrance from College Street. Parking is available upon reques t for disabled visitors, inc luding mini-bus parking facilities. There has been continued involvement with The Public Sector Within the Museum, access is available to each floor via the lift. Risk Managers Association. During the year Risk Su rveys have Situated w ithin the Museum are toilets and public telephone been applied to a number of Museum activities. access for disabled visitors. Wheelchairs are available from the College Street reception desk. A Performance Planning and Review System was developed by

the Ministry for the Arts to be used in the performance Greater access by physically disabled people is being addressed measu remen t of the Museum's Senior Executive staff. This by installing a ramp at the College Street entrance. Included in program has continued this year. There are three SES positions proposed developments are im provements to signage within the Museum.

32 Touch tables and hands-on sessions are arranged for special CONSULTANTS needs groups. and tours can be tailored to meet the special needs of disabled individuals, making use of trained staff and Anthropology vo lunteers. A special tour for blind people has been developed Takehiko (R iko) Hashimoto · geomorphological analysis of and implemented. Exhi bitions at the Museum now include an sediment samples from the excavations in Darling Mills SF2 and audio element which also enhances the experience of visually John Curtin Reserve (AIATSIS) $1.160. impared visitors.

Tessa Corkill · examine and categorise stone artefacts from Mt The Museum has maintained the employment of a visually Trefle and John Curtin Reserve according to stone raw material impaired person in the position of telephonist. A number of type (CRF funds) $t,soo. training opportunities for disabled employees has increased, along with the number of disabled people working in the Director's Office

Museum. Mr Peter Hiscock, Executive Director Sovereign Hill . review of aspects of Australian Museum's marketing strategies, $4,000.

FREEDOM OF INFORMATION Exhibitions Claire Duffy · Museum consultant $7.260

For the reporting period. 1 July 1994 · 30 June 1995. the H.B.O.·E.M.T. · Architects for College Street renovations Australian Museum re ceived no requests for information under $36,000 the Freedom of Information (FOI) Act, nor did it carry over any John Merson · Multimedia consultant for Desert Exhibit requests from the previous year. The Australian Museum negotiations $38.ooo publishes, as required, both a Freedom of Information Kinhill Thompson Gallagher · College Street renovations Statement of Affairs and also a Summary of Affairs. which $25,386 Includes Museum policy documents.

Invertebrates

Docum ents published by the Australian Museum: All of the Mr Nigel Waddington · scan images for the amphipod Delta Museum's published books, serials, reports, archival records interactive $4180 and planning and policy documents may be accessed through the Australian Museum Research Library, Monday to Friday, Property Services 9.0oam · 12.JOpm, 1.30pm · 5-00pm. PM Bizzini & Associates P/L · Airconditioning design $6,430 p & K Ciaglia & Partners· CAD drawings of Museum $15,120

All other documents: To access all other records. applications in Kinhill Thompson Gallagher. Economic appraisal of mechanical writing must be made to the FOI Coordinat or, Australian services $7,725 Museum Library, 6 . 8 College Street, Sydney, 2000. Applicat ions may be made in person at the Australian Museu m Human Resources Resea rch Library. Organising Consulting· job evaluation $7,232 Drake Training . Middle Management development program

The Australian Museum has policies covering the Code of $18,898 Cond uct and Commitment to Service. These policies are ava ilable on request from the Australian Museum Research House Services library. Heriglade Environmental· cleaning $8,ooo IN DEPENDEN T AUDIT REPORT

AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM TRUST

To Members of the New South Wales Parliament and Members of the Australian Museum Trust

SCOPE 1 have aud ited the accounts of the Australian Museum Trust for the yea r ended 30 June 1995. The prepa ration and presentation of the financial statements consisting of the statement of financia l position, operating statement and statement of ca sh flows, together with the notes thereto, and the information contained therein is the responsibility of the Trust. My responsibility is to express an opinion on these statements to Members of the New South Wales Parliament and Members of the Trust based on my audit as required by sections 34 and 41C(1) of the Public Finance and Audit Act 1983. My re sponsibility does not extend here to an assessment of the assumptions used in formulating budget figures disclosed in the financial statements.

My audit has been conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Act and Au stralian Auditing Standards to provide reasonable assurance as to whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. My procedures included examination, on a test basis, of evidence supporting the amounts and other disclosures in the financial statements, and the evaluation of accounting policies and significant accounting estimates. These procedures have been undertaken to form an opinion as to whether, in all material respects. the financial statements are presented fairly in accordance with the requirements of the Public Finance and Audit Act 1983. Accounting Standards and other mandatory professional reporting requirements (Urgent Issues Group Consensus Views) so as to present a view which is consistent with my understanding of the Trust's financial position, the results of its operations and its cash flows.

The aud it opinion expressed in this repo rt has been formed on the above basis.

AUDIT OPINION In my opinion, the financial statements of the Australian Museum Trust comply with sections 418 and 41BA of the Act and present fairly in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards and other mandatory professional reporting requirements the financial position of the Trust as at 30 June 1995 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended.

P.K. BROWN PRINCIPAL AUDITOR

(duly au thorised by the Auditor-General of New South Wales under section41c(1A) of the Act)

SYDNEY 28 September 1995

AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM TRUST OPERATING STATEMENT

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 1995

Notes Actual Budget Actual 1995 1995 199/f S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo Expenses Operating Expenses Employee related 4 11,912 11,835 11,850 Other Operating expenses 4 8,070 7,729 6,758 Maintenance 4 1,615 1,770 954 Depreciation 4 1,111 1,026 901 Grants & subsidies 83 67 Other Services 5 31

Total Expenses 22,796 22,360 20,561

Revenues User charges 5 6,185 6,164 4.789 Donations and industry contributions 6 1,507 1.573 1,744 Other 25

Total Revenues 7.692 7.737 6,558

NET COST OF SERVICES (15,104) (14,623) (14,003) Government Contributions Consolidated Fund recu rrent appropriation 12,386 12,315 11,795 Consolidated Fund capital appropriation 1,596 1,376 1,406 Acceptance by State of Mu seum Trust liabilities 2 1,109 1,294 1,224

Surplus/(deficit) for the year (13) 362 422

Accumulated surplu s at the 2.317 2,317 1,895 beginning of the year Transfer from Reserves 154

Accumulated surplus at the end

of the year 2,458 2.679 2,317

The accompanying notes form port of these statements.

~ - AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM TRUST STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

AS AT 30 JUNE 1995

Notes Actual Budget Actual 1995 1995 1994 S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo

Current Assets Cash 7 132 458 350 Investments 103 73 Receivables 7 383 476 376 Inventories 7 120 129 129

Total Current Assets 738 1,063 928

Non·Current Assets Property, Plant & Equipment 8 124,876 127.425 127.378

Total Non·Current Assets 124,876 127,425 127.)78

128,306 TOTAL ASSETS 125,614 128,488

Current liabilities 211 Borrowings 9 106 Creditors 9 1,166 810 705 Provisions 9 914 984 959

1,875 TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES 2,186 1,794

Non Current liabilities Borrowings 9 100

TOTAL NON CURRENT LIABILITIES 100

1,875 TOTALLIABlLITIES 2,286 1.794

126,694 126,431 NET ASSETS 123.328

Equity 2,679 2,317 Accumulated surplus 10 2,458 124,015 124,114 Reserves 10 120,870

126,694 126,431 [ TOTAL EQUITY 12),328 r The accompanying notes form part of these statements. ~ l r

_j_ l 37 AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM TRUST STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 1995

Notes Actual Bud get Actual 1995 1995 1994 S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo

Cash Flow from Operating Activities Payments 10.516 10,399 Employee related 11,255 Other Operating Expenses 7.228 7.629 6,933 Maintenance 1,615 1,770 954 Grants and subsidies 83 67 Other 5 31

20,186 19.915 18,384

Receipts User Charges 6,205 6,064 4.706 Donations and Industry Contribution 1,503 1.573 1,621 Other 25 Interest Received 4 23

7.712 7.637 6.375

Tota l Net Cash outflow on Operating Activities (12,474) (12,278) (12,009) (See note q) Cash Flow from Investing Activities Purchases of property, plan t & equipment (477) (175) (254) Proceeds from Inventory 8 6 Purchase of Exhibitions (1,222) (992) (700) Sa le/(Purchase) of Investments (30) 343

Total Net Cash Outflow on Investing Activities (1.721) (1,167) (6osl

Net Cash Outflow from Operating & Investing Activities (14, 195) (13.445) (12,614)

Government Funding Activities Consolidated Fund Recurrent Appropriation 12,)86 12,315 11,795 Consolidated Fund Capital Appropriation 1,596 1,376 1,406, New/(Repayment) of Loans from Treasury 200 (300)

Total Net Cash provided by Government 14,182 1),691 12,901

Net lncrease/(Decrease) in Cash (13) 246 287 Opening Cash Balance 139 212 (148)

CLOSIN G CASH BALANCE 126 458 139 AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM TRUST- NOTES TO AND in this year's liability has been charged as a decrease in operating expense FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS within the category Employee Related Costs. This was due to a policy implemented of ensuring that recreation leave balances did not exceed a FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE, 1995 limit of 40 days.

THE MUSEUM TRUST REPORTING ENTITY 1. No liability is recognised in the account for non vesting sick leave, as the Museum does not consider it probable that sick leave taken in the future will The Australian Museum Trust comprises all the operating activities an d be greater than the entitlements accrued in the future. entitles under its control. These entities are The Australian Museum Society.

Australian Museum Foundation and the Lizard Island Research Station. lt (d) Depreciation and Amortisation also encompasses funds which are restricted for specified purposes by the The buildings on lizard Island are depreciated on a straight-line basis over grantor or donor, but are nevertheless controlled by the Trust. their remaining estimated life of up to 30 years on the assumption that the Museum's lease of land on the Island will be renewed in 1998. All transactions and balances between the funds and entities comprising the

Australian Museum Trust have been eliminated in the process of preparing The Museum believes that the life of the Museum buildings is indetermina te the financial statem ents. but conservatively estimate that the useful life of the buildings as a Museum would be in excess of 200 years provided that the building is subject to z. SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICY normal maintenance. Therefore the annual depreciation expense to be applied to the building is determined to be immaterial. The financial report of the Australian Museum Trust Is in accordance with the applicable Australian Accounting Standards. industry practices, the Depreciation of Plant and Equipment is calculated on a straight line basis. requirements of the Public Finance and Audit Act 1983 and Public Finance Depreciation rates for each asset category are as follows: and Audit (Statutory Bodies) Regulations, 198s and Treasurer's Directions Including the Financial Reporting Code under accrual accounting for Inner Audio Visual, Computers 20% Budget Sector Entities. Photography, Science and General 10% Vehicles (a} Basrs of Accounting Except for land and some buildings which are recorded at valuation and the Individual assets acquired for less than Ssoo are fully expensed in the year Museum collections which are valued at $1 in accordance with previous of acquisition and therefore not depreciated. Treasury Guidelines (see Note S(e)) the financial report is prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention. Exhibitions are amortised on a straight-line basis based on their expected useful life, but with a maximum life for depreciation purposes of 9 years. (b Insurance All potential liabilities including personal accident, workers compensation. (e) Employee Superannuation Entitlements fire, theft and damage, etc. are covered under the New South Wales As from 1 July 1991 the Treasury accepted superannuation liabilities in Treasury Managed Fund. respect of Museum employees as an obligation of the State.

(c) Annual and Extended Leave The cost of superannuation benefits is calculated by using the accrued Acalculation has been made of the total liability for both accrued extended benefit calculation method. These figures are not included in the Museum's leave for all employees with an entitlement based on five (5) or more years Statement of Financial Position. it has been agreed that where the service and accrued annua l leave at their rate of pay at balance date. Superannuation liability of budget sector agencies has been assumed by the State. any changes in the liability from past service should only affect The NSW Treasury, from 1 July 1991. has accepted the liability in respect of the State's Statement of Financial Position. extended leave as an obligation of the State. The amo unt of thi s liability is $1,799,105 ($1,687.51 2 in 1993/94) and is not included in the Museum's The annual cost of the employer superannuation expense for 1994/95 is Statement of Financial Position. The increase in extended leave liability for $988,417 ($1,03t,oo8 in 1993/ 94) and has been charged as an operating 1994/95 was $120,592 ($230,284 in 1993/94) and has been charged as an expense within the category Employee Related Costs and an offset amount operating expense within the category Employee Related Costs and an included as a funding component . Acceptance by State of Museum offset corresponding amount included as a funding component- Acceptance Liabilities. by State of Museum Liabilities. Long Service Leave entitlements are calculated at their nominal value. The accrued annual leave Is a liability of the Museum funded from future recurrent allocations. The $44,938 ($28.340 increase in 1993/94) decrease

39 (c) Maintenance 3· BUDGET REVIEW Comprise the following items: The actual net cost of services for 1994/95 was higher than the Treasury Budget Paper budget by $481,000. Budget variances were due to: General 1,065 954 Halon Replacement 393 Increased insurance premium's - Workers Compensation & General. The PABX Replacement 157 higher cost of International Air Freight for tou ring exhibits. There we re also l,bi5 increased costs associated with increased activity by the Business Services (d) Depreciation Unit and the fit-out of a suitable office. There was also the full rep lacement Depreciation and amortisation was charged as follows: of the Museum's Halon Gas fire suppression system to meet Aust ralian standards. Bu ildings 18 11 Exhibitions 884 4· EXPENSES Plant and Equipment 209 1994/ 95 1993/ 94 1,111 S'ooo S'ooo (a) Employee related expenses 5· USER CHARGES Comprised the following specific items: 1994/ 95 1993/ 94 S'ooo S'ooo Salaries and wages 10,008 9.740 User Charges comprised: Superannuation 988 1,031 Sa les- Shop Trading operations (no te 5(a)) 535 737 Payroll tax and fringe benefit tax 671 733 The Australian Mu seum Society (note 5(b)) 315 294 Long service leave 127 230 Other Trading (note 5(c) 5,335 3-758 Annual leave (45) 28 ~ 4.789 Workers compensa ti on insurance 160 82 Other 3 6 (a) Shop Trading Operations n.8so Sales 535 737 Less: Cost of Sa les (b) Other Operating expenses Opening Stock 129 135 Comprised the following specific items: Purchases 342 400 471 535 Rent 297 )88 less: Closing Stock 120 115 Freight 414 225 351 420 Motor Veh icles 49 90 Gross Profit 184 317 Advertising & Promotional s66 657 Electricity 492 495 Closing Stock has been valued at the lower of average cost price or net Insurance 321 263 rea lisable value. Posta l & Telephone 301 333 Working Expenses 2,336 1,245 Direct salaries and wages of $135,132 ($195,990 in 1993/94) and Trading - Shop 357 422 measurable overheads of $13.385 ($22,401 in 1993/94) were also identified Australian Natural History 443 412 aga inst Shop Trading Ope rations. lt is not the Museum's policy to consider Specia l Exhibits 1,292 877 and charge against the Shop Trading Account indirect costs. Expenditure Commercia lisation Project 438 347 mentioned above is included in the appropriate expense item in the Resea rch Facilities 516 264 Operating Statement. Printing 183 455 Maintenance Contracts 6s 153 Other 132 7.030 it is estimated that the total amount paid to consu ltants during th e year is $173.ooo and is included in the appropriate line item.

40 (b) The Australian Museu'IJ Society (TAMS) The treatment of Grants in Advance in the Financial Reporting Code under The Society was established for the purpose of promoting a greater accrual accounting for Inner Budget Sector Entities recognises Grants in knowledge of and concern for the environment and to encourage community Advance as revenue when the cash is received. support for the work of the Museum. 1994/95 1993/94 7· CURRENT ASSETS S'ooo S'ooo

RtvENUl (o) Cash subscriptions 257 244 1994/ 95 1993/ 94 so 39 Functions S'ooo S'ooo Donations 4 4 4 7 Cash at Bank Other 122 341 315 294 Cash on Hand 10 9 EXPENDI TURE 132 350 Sal anes 143 128 Working Expense 146 140 (b) Investments Depreciation 6 Investments recorded at cost comprised: 295 268 20 26 Bank Term Deposits NET REVENUE 103 73 Investment are brought to account at cost (Face value $104,115 as at 30 June E!lpenditure mentioned above is included in the appropriate expense item in 1995). the Operating Statement. (c) Receivables (c) Trading Operations Other At an aggregate value of $383,162 was recorded at balance date and 1994/ 95 1993/ 94 comprised: S,ooo S'ooo Revenue from other Trading operations comprised: 1994/ 95 1993/ 94 S'ooo S'ooo Australian Natural History 530 531 Gallery Revenue 795 637 Trade Debtors 380 280 Special exhibits· Sydn ey 1.367 528 Less Provision for Doubtful Debts 6 _.1 Special exhibits • Touring 550 566 374 276 (Shark! and Gargantuans) Accrued Revenue and Prepayments 9 100 Commercialisation Projects 1,219 781 Restaurant Activities 53 35 383 376 Venue Hire 173 132 Research Facilities 474 423 The Trade Debtors are aged: Photographic Agency 142 67 less than 30 days 242 192 Mail Order Program 11 30 to 59 days 49 40 16 Miscellaneous 32 47 6o to 89 days 71 10 5.335 3.758 90 to 120 days s 120 days and Over 8 27 6. DONATIONS AND INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTIONS 380 280

Revenue from Donations and Industry Contributions comprised: Bad Debts to the value of $1.325 ($444 in 1993/94) have been written off this year. These debts related to trading operations.

Screntific Research ·Federal Government funds 930 669 Scientific Research • Other 340 219 (d) Inventories The value recorded at 30 June 1995 of $120.474 ($129,042 in 1993/94) Grants· State Government So 329 represented stock In trade held in the Museum's shop outlets. Stocks were foundation · Donations 155 482 Other brought to account at the lower of average cost price or net realisable 2 45 1,744 valu e.

-+ 41 8. NON· CURRENT ASSETS

(o) Summary of Property. Plant & Equipment, Exhibition and Collections (b) Land and Buildings The value recorded in the Statemenl of Financial Position covers the La nd Buildings Plant & Exhibits Collections Total following Trust Property: Equip. 1994/95 1994/95 Total 1993/94 S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo Land Buildings $'ooo $'ooo $'ooo $'ooo COST

At July I, 1994 0 391 2,687 6.528 0 9,606 Museum Property 10,ooo 10,000 1],000 Additions 0 200 277 1,222 0 1,699 . College and William St. Sydney Disposals 0 0 (2~ (1,87)) 0 (1,901) (at valuation) At June 30, 1995 0 591 2.936 5,877 0 9.404 Museum Property · Yurong and William St. Sydney VALUATION (at valuation) At July 1. 1994 18,960 105,000 0 0 0 123,960 Museum Buildings · At { Increments 3.910 0 0 0 0 3.910 above listed properties Decrements (7 .000) 0 0 0 0 (7,000) Lizard Island Research At June 30,1995 15.870 105,00~ 0 0 0 120.870 Station Buildings Cos ts 591 391 COST AND less Accumulated Depreciation (109) (91) VALUATION 15,870 105.591 2,936 5,877 0 130,274 121,352 124,260

DEPRECIATION The Valuer General's Office valued the land at a market valuation. The date At Ju ly 1, 1994 0 1,661 6,188 91 4.436 0 of valuation was 30 June 1995. Charge for year 0 18 209 884 0 1,111 Disposals (28) 0 0 (1,873) 0 (1.901) The lizard Island Research Station site is occupied by the Trust as lessee At June JO, 1995 0 109 1,842 3.447 0 5.398 from the Queensland Government for a twenty five year period terminating In 1998 at a nominal annual rental. A depreciation charge of $17.863 against NET BOOK operations was brought to account in 1994/95, based on the assumption VALUE that the lease will be extended. At June 30, 1995 15,870 105.482 1,094 2,430 0 124,876

The Public Works Department va lued on 6 August 1991 the Museum At Ju ne 30, 1994 18.960 105.300 1,026 2.092 0 127.)78 Buildings which are recognised heritage assets of the Crown in Sydney at replacement cost. This va luation is for a replacement modern building that The Museum has a number of fully depreciated assets. The main assets that has the same service capacity. 11 does not represent the replacement. are included in this category are: historic and intrinsic value of the existing building.

Exhibits Aboriginal Gallery (c) Plant & Equ1pment Birds Gallery The book values are summarised as follows: Insects Gallery 1994/95 1993/ 94 Marine Gallery $'ooo $'ooo Mineral Gallery Book value at 1 July 1,026 1,039 Reptile area Additions 305 373 Deletions (28} (120) 1,)03 1,292 Less Depreciation 209 266 Book Value at 30 June 1,094 1,026

lt is considered that the market value of Pla nt and Eq uipment approximates I the book value . .J J. (d) Exhibitions 9. CURRENT LIABILITIES The value of Exhibitions represents capitalisation of the development an d i 1994/ 95 establishment costs of exhibitions that will continue to generate reven ue or 1993/ 94 S'ooo S'ooo J. provide a com munity service beyond the financial year or years in which (a) Borrowings I these costs were incurred. Bank Overdraft · Current 6 211 Loans · Treasury 100 f Development and establishment costs as capi talised includ e material and Total Cu rrent Borrowin gs 106 construction expenditure but do not include an assessment of the intrinsic 211 Loan s· Treasury 100 value of collec tion items incorporated in an exhibition unless specifically f Total Non -Cu rrent Borrowings 100 purchased (and thu s costed) for the purpose. Labour costs for permanen t staff inputs to the development of exhibitions are reflected in employee r Th is unsecured loan enabled the Museum to expand its Business Services related expenses and are not includ ed in the capitalisation of exhibitions. ( co mmercial isation activities. Interest will be charged at the State Ban k's reference rate in force at the commence ment of each calendar quarter. The f 1994/ 95 1993/ 94 principal repayments of $1oo,ooo will be made no later than the 1 March If $'ooo $'ooo 1996 an d the 1 May 1997. Book value of Exhibitions

operational at 1July 2.092 2,114 (b) Creditors Capitalisation of Exhibitions I Operating Activities 97 428 developed in 1994/95 1,222 700 Employee Re lated 1,069 277 ft 3,314 2,814 Other operating expenses 1,166 705 ( l ess Depreciation to Operating Statement 884 62 3 less Amortisation aga inst rese rves* 99 (c) Provision for Employee Annual Leave Entitlements Book value of Exh ibitions at 30 June 2.430 2,092 Balance 1 July 959 931 lncrease/(decrease) in provision (45) 28 'This relates to exhibition assets brought to account for the first time in Balance 30 June 914 959 1988/89 but fully expended against operations in years prior to that date.

Accordingly, this component of exhibition assets are written down annually 10. EQUITY by amortisation against reserves, until this yea r where a change in accounting treatment has occurred. (a) Accumulated Funds Balance at 30 June 2,J17 1,895 ( (e) Collections, Specimen and Other Acquisition Operating Result for Year (13) 422 The Museum is not requ ired to value its collections for the current year. Transfer from Reserves 154 Bala nce at 30 June 2,458 2,317 i Acquisition costs do not normally feature as a major component of operating costs. The costs so expended over the past 5 years are: (b) Asset Re -valuation Reserve r S'ooo Net reserve at 30 June 124,114 124,213 f 1990/91 40 Revaluation of Property (3,090) " 1991/92 35 Transfer to Accumulated Fund (154) t 1992/93 330 Amortisation of Exhibitions (99) 1993/94 35 Balance as at 30 June 120,870 124,114 1994/95 79 I 11. COMMITMENTS FOR EXPENDITURE Expenditure mentioned above is included in the Operating Statement in the relevant year of purchase. The nature, size, quantity and quality of the (a) Goads and Services Commitments f collections held by this Museum is wide ranging and are described in the Purchase orders for goods and services contracted for at 30 June 1995 not I annual report. otherwise accounted for in the Statement of Financial Position totalled $702,290 ($327,509 at 3o June 1994) of which $19.564 represents capital I comm itments.

43 (b) LeaSt Commitments 17. NOTE TO STATEMENT OF CAS H FLOWS The Trust has forward commitments for lease rentals with respect to three (a) Reconciliation to Cosh properties 1t occupies as lessee. The aggregate lease expenditure ... contracted for at 30 June 1995 (subject to adjustments) comprises: For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash includes cash on hand S'ooo and in the bank accounts (including overdrafts). Cash at the end of financial year shown in the cash flow statement is reconciled to the items,

Not later than 1 year 267 Cash and Borrowings in the balance sheet as follows : Later th an 1 year & not later than 2 years 231 Later than 2 years & not later than 5 years 0 1994/ 95 1993/94 Later than 5 years 0 S'ooo S'ooo

12. MATERIAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDED AT NO COST TO THE TRUST Cash 10 9 Sa lary Advance account 15 17 Material assistance provided to the Museum for which payment was not lizard Island Advance account 17 made, (figures are not available as to the cost of these services) included: Trust operating account (overdraft) So (211) Australian Museum Foundation accounts 10 )06 Volunteer Services, Industrial Relations from the Department of Industrial The Australian Museum Society accounts (6) 11 Relations and donations of objects for the Collections. Peter Rankin Memorial fund 2

13. AUDIT FE E 126 139

The fee for the audit of the Museum's accounts and records, by the Audit Office of New South Wales was $28,ooo ($26,ooo in 1993/94). No other benefits were provided/paid in respect of the audit. Internal Audit valued at (b) Reconciliation of net cash outflow on operating activities to net $31,650 ($25,140 in 1993/94) was provided by the Internal Audit Bureau cost of services and paid by the Ministry for the Arts. Net Cost of Services 15,104 14,003 14. MEMBERS FE ES OR BE NEFITS, ETC. Ad justments for non-cash items Trust members do not receive emoluments or other benefits of office. There Depreciation (1,111) (9o1) were no loans made to members or employees of the Trust. Provision for recreation leave 45 (28) Acceptance by the State of Museum liabilities (1,109) (1,224) 15. RESTRICTED ASSETS Non-cash revenue 100

The Museum receives grants for specific purposes. If the expenditure is not 12,929 11,950 incurred in the manner specified or in terms of the conditions of the grants then the Museum has an obligation to return the funds advanced. The cash Increase in receivables 7 83 received is therefore restricted in its application. (Increase) in creditors (462) (2 4l

16. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES Total net cash outflow on operating activities 12,474 12,009

The Trust was not aware of any contingent liability relevant to its functions at 30 June 1995. (c) Bank Overdraft fa cility The Museu m has a $40),ooo bank overdraft facility on its operating account.

44~ tS . PROGRAM INFORMATION

PROGRAM 1 Administration an d General PROGRAM 4 Exhibitions Provides Innovative and pro-active people. property and information. Provide visitors with an experience that is stimulating, enjoyable and services and support. thought provoking through designing, producing and maintaining exhibitions. PROGRAM 2 Community Relations To promote the highest possible understanding or the Australian Museum PROGRAM 5 Scientific Research and Collections and ensure maximum participation in Museum Activities. Increase understanding or our natural environment and cultural heritage through research and improving, maintaining and documenting the PROGRAM 3 Education co llections. To deliver challenging, enjoyable and experimental programs and se rvices lhat are responsive to commu nity needs and raise awareness of issues.

Program Program Program Program Program 2 3 4 5 Total S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo S'ooo Operating Expenses Employee related 2,884 1,076 1,082 1,401 5.469 11,912 Other Operating 1.570 1,707 333 1,813 2,647 8,070 Main tenance 1,615 1,615 Depreciation 26 21 2 908 154 1,111 Grants and subsidies 73 10 83 Other 5 5

Total Operating Expense 6,168 2,804 1,417 4,1 22 8.285 22,796

Operating Revenue User Charges 987 1,932 40 1,]63 1,463 6,185 Donations & Contributions 75 155 13 6 1,258 1,507 Other

Total Operating Revenues 1,062 2,087 53 1,769 2,721 7.692

NET COST OF SERVICES 5,1o6 717 1,)64 2,353 s.s64 15,104

Government Appropriations 5.105 548 990 2,148 5.191 13,982 1,109 Acceptance by Crown 276 99 100 129 sos

Operating result after (13) Government Allocations 275 (70) (274) (?6) 132

1,263 125,614 Total Assets 121,232 535 36 2,548

END OF AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

45

APPENDICES

AUS TRA LIAN MUSEUM TRUST PROFILES As.sociate Professor Margaret Rose is Director of Animal Care for the Prrnce Henry, Pnnce of Wales and the Prince of Wales Childrens Or Telford (onion was Orreetor of the Australian Institute of Political Science for Ho~prta.ls and an Associate Professor in the Clinical School of the fifteen years and was a chairman in 1979·80. Formerly a Research Associate of Unr~ersuy of NSW which is associated with that Hospital Group. She is the Neurobiology Unit at the NSW Institute of Technology, Or Conlon is now a Chauma_n of the Animal _Research Review Panel, the statutory body company director. He jooned the Museum Trust In 1986 and retired from the Trust responsrble for the overvoew of anomal use in science and teaching in on December 1994. NSW. She also serves as a member of the NSW government Animal Welfare Advisory Council and is a founding member of the Australian or Malvln L Eutick OAM is Chairman of the Australian Biotechnology Company and New Zealand Council for the Care of An ima ls In Research and Bioquest Ltd and Marketing Director of I he consulting group Scientific Associates Teaching. She joined the Museum Trust in January 1995. Pty Ltd. He is an experienced sen ior executive, holding board positions in the biomedical Field with the venture capital manager. Technology Investment Dr Nicola Ward spent several years working in teaching hospitals. She Management and General Manager of the pharmaceutica l company, Kabi· joined the Nucleus Group 10 years ago . initially as Clinical and Pharmacia. Or Eu tick joined the Museum Tru st In 1988 and has been Deputy Marketing Executive for the Group. then transferring to Cochlea r Ply Ltd. President since 1989. He was awarded an OAM in 1995 for services to the world leader in cochlear Implants (th e bionic ea r) as Strategic Planning biotechnology industry. Executive. She Is a member of the Industry Research and Development Boa rd and Its Health, Food and Bioindustries Committee, and the Ms Robyn Holt is the CEO of Sanofi Beaute Australia. a French company whose Advisory Council on Industrial Property. Or Ward joined the Trust in brands include Yves Saint laurent. Oscar de la Ren ta and Van Cleff & Arpels. She January 1995. was the head or Yves Saint Laurent in Australia for five years. She was Editor of Vogue living Magazine for eight years and wrote a children's book "let's Do 11 Ms Patricia Watson os the Editorial Business Manager for the Conde Nast Together • Build a Cub by". Ms Holt was appointed to the Australian Museum Publications Pty Ltd. Over the past twenty·five years she has had a diverse career Trust in 1993. in accountancy and arts administration. She has previously served as Secretary/ Treasurer on the Board of the Crafts Council of New South Wales. as a Ms lucy Hughes Turnbull has worked as a solicitor and investment board member of the Sydney Film Festival and as a member of the New South banker since 1986, specialising in commercial. corporate. insolvency Wales Arts Advisory Council. Ms Watson is currently Deputy Chairman of the One and trade practices law. She is Chair of the Prince of Wales Childrens' Extra Company. She joined the Museum Trust in 1992 and was appointed Hospital Appeal, and a director of the Prince of Wales Childrens· President in December 1993. Hosprtal Foundation Ltd. She is also a director of several companies. including Turn bull and Partners Holdings Ltd. She joined the Australian Mr Evan Wil liams is Secretary. NSW Ministry for the Arts. He joined the Museum Trust in January 1995. Australian Museum Trust on 1994 as a temporary appointment and resigned in December 1994. Mr )im Layt was Managing Director of Blue Circle Southern Cement limited for over ten years until his retirement in 1994. He is a very active community and business leader and holds membership to many business and charitable organisations. He joined the Museum Trust in TRUST ATTENDANCES 1990 and retired from the Trust in Decem ber 1994. There were six meetings of the Australian Mu seum Trust in 1994·95· Mr Malcolm long was appointed Managing Director of the SBS Attendances were as follows: Corporation in February 1993. Prior to Joining SBS he was the Deputy Ma naging Director of the ABC. He is curren tly vice-president of the Ms Patricia Watson. President (6 • o apologies) Interna tional institute of Communications (a leading organisation whi ch Or Mal Eutick OAM, Deputy President (5· 1) draws its membership from telecommunications, broadcasting and Professor Brian Low (4 · 2) information industry experts around the world). He was appointed to Or Telford Conlon (retired December 1994 3 · o) the Museum Trust in January 1995. Ms Robyn Holt (4 · 2) Mr Jim Layt AM (retired December 1994 3 · o) Professor Brian Low is Pro -Vice Chancellor (Academic Support) at the Mr Chris Puplick (resigned September 1994 2· o) Universoty of Technology, Sydney. His research interests are in the areas Mr Aden Ridgeway (6 · 3) of mathematical reasoning , the education of mathematics teachers. and Mr Evan Williams (temporary position: resigned December 1994 3 · o) education polrcy. Professor Low joined the Museum Trust in 1990. Mr Malcolm Long (appointed January 1995 3 · o) Associate Professor Margaret Rose (appointed January 1995 3 • o) Mr Chris Puplick was a liberal Senator for New South Wales from 1978 to 1981 Ms Lucy Hughes· Turn bull (appointed January 1995 3 • o) and again from 1984 to 1990. He is Chairman of the Privacy Committee of NSW Or Nicola Ward (appointed lanuary 1995 1 · 2) and is on boards of many government and community bodies. Mr Puplick joined the Museum Trust in 1991 and resigned in September 1994.

Mr Aden Ridgeway is a member of the Gumbayyngirr Aboriginal people of Northern New Sou th Wales. He is Executive Director of the NSW Aboriginal land Coun~il. He has been a consultant to Abo riginal organisations on business pla~nong and was a member of the team developing the Regional Plan for the socoo-economic conditions of Aboriginal people in the Sydney Region. He has been an Assessor (Aboriginal) at the NSW Land and Environment Cou rt. He is an executive member of the Sydney Regional ATSIC Council and a Counsellor to the Geographic Names Board of NSW. Mr Ridgeway joined the Trust in 1993.

47 MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE EQUAL EMPLOYMEN T OPPORTU NITIES

The Australian Museum is fully committed to Equ~l Empl~yment Opportunity There has been very little change from the previous year. The number of total (EEO) and has in place a Ma~agement Pia~ wh1ch outlmes the Museum 's staff .has dropped due to the New South Wales Publ'1c Se rv1ce· moratonum· on objectives and strategies for achievement in th1s regard. recru1tment. 29 staff were recruited through the year.

Four Aboriginal Traineeships which lasted for 12 months, finished at the end of 1 ware listed the key redistributive indicators, in tabular form. The figures ::v~r all staff. both tempora ry and permanent working full time and part time. 1 99~· lt IS intended to recruit further Aboriginal Trainees when funding becomes ava1lable.

Table 1- Representation of EEO target groups within salary levels

1994/95 1993/94

Salary Level Total Staff Women NESB (1) Total Staff Women NESB Below CO 1 (2) 7 3 6 3 3 42-9% ss.?% 100% 100% eo 1- Gd 1 (3) 52 22 6 76 31 8 42.)% u .s% 40.8% 10.5% A&C Gds t - 2 56 34 11 53 37 4 62.5% 19.6% 69.8% 1).2%

A&C Gds 3 · 5 71 35 9 75 34 11 49 -3% 12.7% 45-3% 14.7% A&C Gds 6 - 9 63 24 3 s6 23 J8.o% 4.8% 41.0% t.8% A&C Gds 10 - 12 16 3 18 3 18.8% 6.)% 16-7"/o s.6% Above A&C Gd 12 11 0 10 0 9-1% o% 10% o.o% Total 276 122 36 291 1)2 31 44.2% 13.0% 45 ·4% 10.7%

Table 2 Representation and recruitment of Aboriginal Employees and Employees with a Physical Disability

1994195 1993/94

Aboriginal Aboriginal Total Staff People PWPO (4) Total Staff People PWPO TOTAL 276 6 17 291 11 17 EMPLOYEES 2.2% 6.2% ).8% s.s% 0 Recruited 29 0 0 27 9 o.o% in the year o.o% o.o% 33-3%

Lege nd- (1) Non-English speaking background ( ) Employees on salaries below Clerical Officer Scale Grade 1, 21 year old rate 2 (J) Employees on salaries from Clerical Officer. Scale Grade 1 21 year old rate to below minimum Administrative and Clenca l Scale Grade t (4) People with a physical disability STAFFING DISTRIBUTION 1995

EXHIBITION

36.8% SECURITY CLEAN IN

STAFFING LEVELS 1993 - 1995

100

1 1993 90

1 1994 8o

. 1995 70

6o

so

40

30

20

10

0

Senior Science Admin. Education Exhibitions Security Promotions Management Cleaners STAFF Y R A ONS

I Barnett Head of Division IBeale • denotes no longer on the staff or no longer holds this position Trainee Public Relations Officer· •• denotes part·trme employment I Bugden BA MUtt Assistant to Head, Community (T denotes temporary positron Relations G Carroll Mkt Cert Shop Supervisor K Denny Shop Assistant•• M Field BSc(Hons) Marketing & Sales Manager, Nature 0 Gnlfin AM PhD Director Australia Tsutt ivan BA(Hons) DipEd GradDipAdminExecutive Officer I Gates BA Production Editor. Scientific GM cCarthy Personal Assistant to tile Director Publications' T Gibson Public Relations Manager .. f1 iH T()R'S 01 F CF r Gregory Public Relations Assistant (T) D Greig Collection Manager. Book Publishing" M de Hauteclocque HGCogger MSc PhD Deputy Director Shop Assistant.. G Hickey BSc ABruder Executive Assistant to Deputy Director Scientific Editor, Nature Australia .. EE Cameron BSc(Hons) MSc Scientific Officer• 0 Hyde Shop Manager S l~rvenpaa ED oherty Executive Assistant. Eureka Prizes (T) Advertising Executive. Nature S Lynch Executive Assistant to Head of Australia*' Scientific Division** AJelbart Shop Assistant .. P Klobe 1Sh ewan Assistant to Deputy Director (T) Clerical Officer. Book Publishing A Lee BA Shop Assistant.. nr:v K Lowe Photo Researcher, Nature Australia ", Assistant Manager, Nature Focus•• V Attenbrow BA(Hons) PhD Research Scientist W Matthews Venue Manger H Barton BA(Hons) Technical Officer(T}* I McCallum BA Acting Manager, Nature Focus LBolton BA(Hons) DipMusStud MA PhD Scientific Officer SF McEvey BSc(Hons) Phd FRES MAl Bioi AI MM EBonshe k BA DipMusStud MA Qua l Technical Officer Production Editor, Scientific Publications l Brass BA(Hons) Technical Officer(T)• M Pollinger BA(Hons) Marketing Assistant, Nature Australia YCarnllo Division Secretary (T)*" S Procter BA Public Relations Assistant MDarrell BA Technical Officer(T) P Russell Shop Assistant'' DDonlo n BSc BA(Hons) DipEd PhD Scientific Officer(T)' G Ryan BA Market Development Manager S M Florek MA(Hons) PhD Technical Officer'* C Sadlier BA Acting Shop Manager• Rl K Fullagar BA PhD Australian Research Council Fellow(T) I Saunders BSc Editorial Co-ordinator. Nature Australia NGoodsell BA Technical Officer'" R Strahan AM MSc FIBiol FAIBiol FRZS FANSAAS Editor in Chief, Book Publishing• • PGordon Senior Technical Officer Shop Assistant• KKh an BA(Hons) DipAnthrop Senior Technical Officer•• A Taylor BDes Venue Assistant' PMay BA(Hons) GradDiplnfoSys Informa tion Technology Officer(T)• s Wilkie L Wilson BA BA(Comm) Publicity Ofr.cer 8 Pulvertalt BA(Hons) Techn ical Officer(T)* Venue Assistant•• SSimmons Techn ica l Officer(T)* J Whenan A Ezzat BA Shop Assistant I RSpecht MA PhD Sen ior Research Scientist and Head of Volunteers and Interns Division A Hagarty. K Hoffa. 1 Hurst. I Kinsela, I Kokot, N Kosh. S Weiner,l Yeoman. CSzpak BA Technical Officer(T)*.*• PS CTa~on BA(Hons) MA PhD Research Scientist. Acting Head of CORPORATE SERVIO. S Division April-June 1995) S Thomsett BA(Hons) DipMu sStud Technical Officer(T)** Assistant Director (Corporate Services) Office RTo rrence AB MA PhD Australian Research Council Fellow(T) G McKenzie CPA Assistant Director ZWak elin·King BA(Hons) ArtCert DipEd Senior Technical Officer*' V Priestly Assistant m KWa lshe BA(Hons) Technical Officer m** L Berg BA(Hons) Project Officer P White AssocDipMusStudies BA ApplSci Technical Officer MW ilson BA(Hons) Research Assistant(T)><• Volunteers Human Resources M Bahles A/Human Resource Clerk(T) A Baker. S Bard. D Bell, L Brass. G Britton R Conway S Garling M Harris P Irish AO' • · ' ' ' ' ' 1M Disher Staff/ Salaries Co-ordinator Gormon, A Prenrng Howe, G Reagan K Schubert San,· ay M Therin C Torres PWebb. ' ' ' ' ' D I Grubb Human Resource Manager E I Hurley BSW MEd Assistant Manager. Human Resource Services The following people assisted Vat Attenbrow in the analysis of excavated N King A/Assistant Manager Human Resource ~a~erials on-going throughout year and at workshops: M Barry, M Basek, W Bluff. Services(T)' l M r~wn: M Bryant. A Capelll, C Hodgkiss. M Holland. K Mcleod, M Merrony, G L Korting Human Resource Clerk c ettrgan. L Nelson, P Pemberton, M Rawson. F Sinn. C Szpak, K Wilkinson. M A McKenzle A/Human Resource Clerk' A/Human Resource Clerk' Thefollow· G Walker WBluff rng peop1 e assi~ted In Val Alien brow's Sugarloaf excavations: M Basek. PPem • M Bryant. T Corkrll, G Escou rt. M Holland. K Mcleod, M Merrony, R Mills, Property Services berton, M Rawson. F Sinn, C Szpak. Maintenance Officer(T) B Earl Property Services Officer KJoseph Property Services Officer" K Mulvey Property Services Officer D Shallis Technical Services Manager R Hewitt Property Services Manager J Strand Property Services Officer(T) PMartin Property Services Officer(T) J Wheeler

51 EA 11 A 0 E t.J V R 0 N M f. N A 5 C E ·~ C E S F'nance K Behlevanas Accounts Clerk D Childs Stores Officer Ma l o oq R Johnson BSc Technical Officer (T) D Cooper Accounts Clerk· A R )ones MSC PhD Research Scientist, Division Head DCox Senior Accounts Clerk A Murray BSc Technical Officer SCox Cashier• A Parker BSc(Hons) Technical Officer (T) T Ireland Stores Officer Tzioumis BSc Technical Officer (T) WMay Assistant Finance Officer V C Sadlier Cashier' Volunteers D Schizas Senior Accounts Clerk• RE Marsh BSc I Stromborg Accounts Clerk SWright Finance Manager Mmerolagy and Petrology YTse Cashier• S M Folwell BA Museum Assistant• • Volunteers & Work Experience SIlvers BSc Technical Officer(T) C Cashion, C Pa tchawauanapong. P Swieca R E Pogson BAppSc(Hons) MAusiMM Acting Senior Technical Officer F L Sutherland MSc PhD FAIG Principal Research Scientist House Services G B Webb BA DipMusStud FGAA DipDT Technical Officer, Gemmologist P Ash ford Secu rity Officer Volunteers S Ayres Secu rity Officer w Alliston, P Bayliss PhD . E Hepburn, J Howarth. J lrani, J Beames Secu rity/Information Support Officer S lvers BSc. N Maeder, R Mithal PhD. A Spadaro DipGemmology. B Speechley S Bender Security Officer• R Berry Security/Information Support Officer Palaeontology KBilbie Cleaning Officer D Brown BA Technical Officer KBow Security/Information Support Officer G D Edgecombe BSc MSc MPhil PhD Scientific Officer H Butler Security Officer· R K )ones MSc Scientific Officer N Calavrias Cleaning Officer K E Page BA Technical Officer (T) E Cosmo Cleanmg OFficer A Ritchie BSc PhD Senior Research Scientist B Dearinger Information Support Team Leader• Volunteers E Drakoulaki Cleaning Officer W Boogaart, J Hodgson. G Foldvary MSc, M Phair, I Nancarrow P Fletcher Cleaning Officer N Gregoire Cleaning Officer Terrest tal ecology AGriffiths Security/Information Support Officer M Christy BSc OipNatRes Technical Officer(T)• K Hawkey Reception Officer G Gowing BSc(Hons) Senior Technical Officer R Hayllar Davis Securtty Officer · T lvison Technical Officer(T)· • H Henne Cleaning Officer R E Major BSc PhD Scientific Officer J le Hung Cleaning Officer G H Pyke BSc(Hons) PhD Principal Research Scientist T Jones Cleaning Officer P Rowland Technical Officer(T) .. M Kent Security/Inform ation Su pport Officer Volunteers N Koulouris Cleaning Officer D Day, C French, G Gearing. I Glass. R Hill. C Kendal. T Martin. R Pandit, C Lamond Secu rity/Information Support Officer I Pogonowski, I Ponnuthural, M Pyke. T Pyke I Lane Secu rity Officer U lederma nn Secu rity Officer EDU C AT I ON I McEiwee Cleaning Officer J McGinlay Secu rity Officer R Abet Museum Assistant"(T) I Mclntosh Secu rity Officer A Bartlett BA DipMusStud Museum Assistant•*(T) I McKinnie Secu rity Officer M Bell BSc GradDipGeoscicnce DipEd Resource Services Manager S Melllsh Secu rity/Information Support Officer W Bishop BA HDLS OipMusSt ud Museum Assistant ..(T)* R Milroy Secu rity Officer M Chap man BA DipEd Volunteer Co-ordinator"' W Murphy Security Officer P Chatenay BA Interpretive Officer T Pananwala BA(Hons) Psc Acting House Services Manager S Clarke BA Museum Assistant••(T) L Pearson Security/Information Support Officer, S Connors BEd(VA) Aboriginal Education Officer Acting Assistant House Services D Droga Clerical Officer (T) Manager B Dun lop BScEd(Hons) Visitor Services Manager H Pierson Security Officer G Ebeling BSc DipEd Resource Services Manager' K Randall Security Officer 0 Evans BSc Clerical Officer(T)' DRead Security Officer l Ferguson BA(Comm) Project Officer(T) M Salvio Security/Information Support Officer F Fletcher Clerical Officer• R Sampson Security Officer M Gavranic BSc DipEd Education Project Officer.. (T) B Seears Information Support Team Leader H Handley BEd(SecSci) Education Protect Officer(T)• D Shallis Assistant House Services Manager• A Harris Senior Explainer.. (T) I Shepperd House Services Manager• T Harris Explainer Coordinator(T) A Sommer Reception Officer C Hook BSc(Geog) PGCE Education Project Officer B Walsh Cleaning Officer G Hughes BEd Interpretive Officer(T) A Kagis BSc CertMktg Senior Explainer••(T) Business Serv1ces G Katz BEComputer(Hons) Computer Education Officer(T)' S Fereday BAppSc EnvDes Manager, AMBS L Kelly BA GradDipEmpRel Evaluation Coordinator(T) D Robertson BSc(Hons) PhD Project Manager· Ecologist M Khun BSc BEd Senior Explainer**(T) T Norm an BSc(Hons) MSc Project Manager · Ecologist Y llfschitz BA GradDipDramArt Theatre Program Manager(T) N Ba ker BA(Hons) Project Manager· Archaeologist A Lockhart BEd(Hons) MA Appling Ed ucation Project Ofncer"(T) J Pritcha rd Projects Co-ordinator C Maclulich BEd(Hons) MUtt (MusSt ud) Head of Division

52 S Main BA DipEd Education Officer*• INFORMATION SCIENCE M Martin BA DipEd Visitor Services Manager• p McDonald Bsc (Hons) DipEd Education Project Officer R Abet Assistant Library Technician(T) Clerical Officer(T) & Senior Explainer**(T) N Bain N Mitchell BArtEd Senior library Technician• Clerical Officer**(T) 1Na ncarrow G Baker BA(LibSc) AALIA Head of Division Project Officerh(T) 8 Pegram N Bohringer librarian• Interpretive Ofricer M Robinson BApplSc J Brazier MA DipiM Manager, Archives & Records: acting Clerica l Officer*' HSa mios Manager. Research Library Education Project Officer 1Saur ine BSc DipEd E Cameron BSc(Hons) MSc Inform ation Officer. Search & Discover 'Our Place' Program Manager(T) H Slarke BA C Cantrell Acting Senior Library Technician K Smith PGCert (CommMusMang) Assistant Volunteer Co·ordinatoru(T) E Gray Information Officer••(T) Education Services Manager M Stenglln BA OipEd M Harvey BSc(Hons) GrDipSciCom Information Officer(T) 0 Timbery AEA Aboriginal Education Assistant(T) J Howie MA Diplib Librarian"(T) Senior Explainer.. (T) M van Schellebeck M Kumvaj MA Diplib Manager, Research Library• Project Officer .. (T) K Young A McConochie BA Senior Library Technician** L Wa~ylen ko BA(AppArts) DipEd Project Officer*'(T) M Martin Informa tion Officer••(T) A wanerson Bsc(Hons) DipEd Education Officer• G Ortega Montiel Information Officer(T) M Widders BA DipEd Education Project Officer**(T)* N Mooney BEd Trainee, Research Library: Information Volunteers Officer JAn derson. P Andrews. P Andrews, R Bates. D Benedicto, W Bennetts, R Biddle, B Pearson BA GradOipiM Librarian ..(T) v Bower. J Brooker, M Copp, E Oonald, D Doran, J Douglas, I Erber, J Eva, C Pyne Clerical Asistant H Fotopoulos. 1 Hassall. R Heywood, A Hyslop, B Kenyon, N Laird, M lalas, R Ratajczak Assistant Library Technician• R Langsworth, 0 Lucas. W Macallister, B McEwin, l McHale, E Marcellana, M Robertson BA GradOipiM Archivist (T) p Newey. J Noble, GOld field. T Perrin, G Re id, B Robinson, J Routh, P Sanderson. A Skates BA DipTeach Manager, Search & Discover JS mith. H Spoule, M Tapia, E Trotter, R Waks, M Whatson. C Wood. Volunteers Explainers D Attenbrow, A Brown. E Cart hew, J Disney, A Foster MAbel, R Abet, LAddley, T Bonfiglio, C Borg, N Borg, K Brown. H Cambell, P Carr, J Cologon, M Cox. N Cox. B Doherty, E Gatchalian, A Gray. E Gray, C Gregg. IN VERTEBRATE ZOOLOG Y H Handley. V Hazenveld, K Heins, B Howard, E lansou, S Jenkins. S Josey. J Kabanoff. F Kanaan, R Lee, S Lorusso, A Macinnis, C Macinnis, E Martin. Entomo/ogy/Arachnology D Mezabber, A Mross, C Nancarrow, C Peters, D Raghaven, P Sabatier, R Van D Bickel PhD Research Scientist Schellebeck, C Stirk, W Thomson, S Tran, A Wong, K Young, S Young. V Young. G Cassis PhD Visiting Scientist S Cowan Divisional Secretary EXHIBITIONS BJ Day Technical Officer M Gock Technical Assistant .. (T) L Barnett BA (VisArt) Project Officer(T) M R Gray MSc PhD Scientific Officer (Head of Division) L Bernard Project Officer R Harris BSc Technical Officer••(T)* M Bray Project Officer C Horseman Technical Officer• RClendinning BEd Project Manager(T) G SHunt BSc DipEd PhD Visiting Scientist ECowell BA Diplnt Project Manager(T) A Leask BScAgr Technical Officer•*T M Dingley Project Officer S Lynch Divisional Secretary ..(T)• GFe rguson DipAppArt Project Manager S M lindsay BSc Technical Officer••(T) AGimenez Project Officer(T) D K McAipine MSc PhD Pri ncipal Research Scientist• AGregg BA (VisArt) Project Officer M S Moulds TchC MSc Scientific Officer K Gregg Project Officer C Nancarrow Technical Assistant••(T)• GHard iman Project Officer J Nancarrow Divisional Secretary*(T) )Hood Project Officer B Sincla ir MSc PhD Post Doctoral Fellow 8 Horn Project Officer H Smith BSc(Hons) Technical Offtcer~•(T) Clohnston Project Officer J Thompson AssocDipEnvStud Technical Officer(T) Rl oyner AOIA Head of Division Volunteers OKeywan Project Offi cer B Balmer, P Bradney, 0 Brymora, G Copp, A Gilling, J Howarth, G Hyam, A lones. EMacleod DipArt Project Officer H Kingston, G Knowles, B Lormer, 1 Pollard, C Royewski. B Speechley. H Smith, JMastrogianidis BA(VisArt) GradDipVisArt Project Officer P Wearne, S Whittaker. BMatzick Project Manager 0 Mlllar Project Officer Malacology RMoloney Project Officer c Alien BSc Technical Officer•• (f) TRa lph GradDipGaiMan MCA Project Officer S Clark BAppSc Technical Officer(T) k Rand BA(VisComm) Project Officer (T} P Colman Technical Officer Technical Officer(T) ARichards DipVisArt Project Manager P Eggler BSc(Hons) Technical Officer.. (T) RScOII·Child Project Officer I Kelly BSc DipEd Senior Technical Officer M Smith BA(VisArt) GradDipVisArt Project Officer I loch Technical Officer GSommer BA(IndDes) Project Officer A Miller BSc(Hons) Principal Research Scientist WSteele Project Officer W Ponder MSc PhD DSc 0 Sweet Principal Research Scientist Project Officer W Ru dman MSc PhD DSc YWakim Technical Officer'* Assistant to Head of Division J Waterhouse BSc(Hons) AWang Project Officer Volunteers • F Ashdown, Beck, F Brown. p Burton. J Fisher, E Geenng, T Ireland. Josey, RWeakley Oip(Design) Dip(VisArt) Project Manager 1 S Volunteers 1 Kokot, M McKeUar, C Neild, D P

53 V e S Ahyong BSc(Hons) Technical Officer· •(T) Executive Officer• K Attwood Technical Officer S Bridle Executive Officer P Berents MSc PhD Scientific Officer C Bibby Project Officer D Bray BA DipEd MSc Technical Officer' '(T) WWilkinsMA Admm1stration Officer K Dempsey BSc BA GradDipAn Technical Orticer(T) M Alsop BA Accounts Administrator.. R Evans BSc(Hons) Technical Officer(T) F Shinn l Ho BSc GradDipArt Technical Officer Volunteers P Hutchings PhD DSc Principal Research Scientist J Miller, H Verge. M )ones R John son BSc Technical Officer(T) GV l Lowry MA PhD Principal Research Scientist !:. A Murray BSc Technical Officer A Parker BSc(Hons) Technical Officer"(T) T Goh Divisional Secretary and Assistant M Rod gers BSc(App) Technical Officer" (T) P Serov BSc(Hons) Technical Officer(T)• Evalutrooary 81o/oqy R Springthorpe BSc Technical Officer G Avern BSc MSc DipEd Senior Tech ni cal Officer H Stoddart BSc(Hons) Scientific Officer A Buckman BSc Techn ical Officer (T)* G Wilson PhD Senior Resea rch Scientist D Colgan BSc BEe PhD Senior Research Scientist Volunteers P Eggler BSc Technical Officer (T) C Brown, M deii'Oro. M Haydon, I Kokot, M McGahey. P Nair, M O'Donaghue, S Livingston BSc Scientific Officer B Old meadow, M Rodgers, A Sinclair. E Silk, G Towner, W Walker, H Ward. Volunteers P Da Costa, l Mairs

7 ~ R " ' " Hp p ? -' T Ford Maintenance Engineer(T) A E G1eer PhD Principal Research Scientist A K Hoggett BSc(Hons) PhD Co·Director R Sadlier Technical Officer l Pearce Maintenance Engineer S Smith Assistant(T) ~· M Pearce Accommodation Officer A Young Assistant(T)" l Vail MSc PhD Co·Director Volunteers l Wilson Accommodation Officer(T) I Kokot. M Milston Station volunteers S Aeberhard, l Bernard, C Blega. H Burke. P Cameron. S Denman, K Diele. R Die le. I I q T Ford. P Hankinson. P Hill. R Hood. A ladeluca. L latimore. A Lie. N Marchesi. D Brown BA Technical Officer .. S Miller. I Mudge. R Murchison. K O'Donnell. K Rodriguez, S Sloan, J Stoeger, B Carson BSc Technical Officer(T) J Willlams, C Wilson A Hay BSc Technical Officer(T)•• D Hoese BA PhD Senior Research Scientist, Head of Vertebrate Division )Leis BSc PhD Principal Research Scientist K Coote BA BSc(Hons) ArchCons Senior Conservator M McG routher BSc(Hons) Collection Manager V Daniel MSc(ChemEng) Scientific Officer l Paxton BA MSc PhD Principal Research Scientist T Duncan Museu m Tra inee l Pogonoski BSc Research Assistant(T) D Horton·James BSc Head of Division S Reader BSc Technical Officer M Kelly Dipf ineArts Assistant Conservator T Trnskl BSc Techn ical Officer A Leculler BAppSc Conserva tor Volunteers C Macgregor BSc DipArchCons Conservator M Benaki·Nolan. C Bunn. K Crass. L Davis. M Driver. D Emery. A Hay. l lrvin. H McPherson Paper Conservator .. D O'Connor. A Pearce. G Regan, T Silvestro, K Whitehead M Pacheco Clerical Officer A Roach Pest Control Officer Mammo/oqy G Scott BSc SocScConsCen Conservator P Ennis Technical Assistant" S Valis BA BAppSc Conservator T F Flannery BA MSc PhD Senior Research Scientist Volunteers L Gibson Technical Officer (Scientific) G Denes, H )oynes, J Powys Volunteers D Brown, M Crowther, M Dean, S Faithful, D McPherson, B Ryan, l Semeraro. P otogra1 hy M Sugden, K Swarbrick C Bento Photographer R Bolzan BA Manager, Photographic Services Ornll 'IO oo M Ortega Photographer (T) A Blackburn Technical Assistant(T) • • A Paynter Museum Assistant(T)"• W E Boles BSE(Hons) Scientific Olficer, Collection Manager H Pinelli Photographer• T Jlvison Technical Assistant(T) .. N Smith Clerical Officer(T)''' P Roland Technical Assistant (f) .. R Wallace Photographer(T)•• NW Longmore Technical Assistant(T)** T Wickey Museum Trainee Volunteers Volunteers A Blackburn, M Tink A Payn ter, C Bowen, D Cousins Work experience C Bell, C Birks, C Bunn, C Kha, R Smith, J Speed, R Velasquez Duke of Edinburgh Award students A Rudder, G Hogg and l Swinbourne (SCEGGS) S Christoferson and E Cralgie (SCEGGS) l Stewart (SCEGGS)

54 PUBLICATIONS Photographs only Flegg, J 1995 Photographic Field Guide: Birds of Australia. Anthropology Australian Museum, New Holland. 361 pp. Attenbrow, VJ 1994 Blue Mountains Dreaming: The Aboriginal He ritage, In publication far 1995 edited by E. Stockton, 1993. Australian Natural History. Summer 1994, Strahan, R (editor) Mammals of Australia. Reed . 24 (11):73· Strahan, R (editor) Finches, Bowerbirds. (Title not decided) last Attenbrow. V) 1994 The Riches of Ancient Australia. by )osephine Flood. volume in the tO volume Bird series. Angus and Robertson. 1993 . Australian Natural History, Spring 1994, 24(10):70·71. Swan, G A Photographic Guide to Australian Snakes and Other Reptiles. Attenbrow. V) 1995 Blue Mountains Dreaming: The Aboriginal Heritage. New Holland. edited by E. Stockton. 1993. Australian Archaeology 40:70-71. Rowland, P A Photographic Guide to Birds of Australia. New Holland. Attenbrow. V) 1995 The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia. Gen .Ed. David Horton. 1994· Nature Australia (Winter 1995) 25(1):72. Director's Office Attenbrow, V) and K Khan 1995 FD McCarl hy: His work and legacy at the Published Papers Australian Museum. In: M Su llivan, S Brockwell and A Webb (eds). Griffin, D)G 1994 "Between Museum Research and the Public". Research Within Archaeology in the North. Proceedings of the 1993 Australian the Museum: Aspirations and Realities, (National Museum of Natural Science. Archaeological Association Conference, pp.5-16. The North Australia Taichung. Ta iwan), pp 95·115. Research Unit. Australian National University, Darwin. Griffin, D)G 1994 "The Proper Business of Museums", New Zealand Museums Attenbrow, V) and D Steele 1995 Fishing in Port )ackson, New South Journal 24(1), 5·11. Wales- more than met the eye. Antiquity 69:47-60. Griffin, D)G "The l and of the Unicorns Revisited: the Myths and Realities of Bolto n, LM 1994 The Vanuatu Cultural Centre and its own community. Management", Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Council of Museum Journal of Museum Ethnography 6:67-78. Associations, November. 1992. Bolton, LM 1995 Bifo yumi ting se samting nating: the Women's Culture Griffin, D)G 1994 "Previous Possessions. New Obligations: A new commitment in Project at the Vanuatu Cultural Centre. In Lindstrom. l and White, G Australia to Indigenous Cultural Heritage", Curator [in press!. (eds.) Culture, kastom and tradition: developing cultural policy in Griffin, DJG 1994 "Investing in Innovation", Muse. August·September. Melanesia. Institute of Pacific Studies. Suva. Griffi n, D)G 1994 " Ce lebrating Australian Ach ievements", Muse. October­ Fullagar, R 1994 Traces of times past: stone tools into prehistory. November. Australia n Archaeology 39:67·73 Griffin, DJG 1994 "Our l eading Role in Science", Muse, December-January. Gaughwin, D and R f ullagar 1995 Victorian off-shore islands in a Griffin, DJG 1995 "learning to Reason", Muse, February·March. mainland coastal economy. Australian Archaeology 40:38-so. Griffin, DJG 1995 "Reporting Science", Muse. April·May. Gordon, P and K Patrick 1994 Australian Museum's Aboriginal Griffin, DJG 1995 "Presenting Many Voices", Muse. )une-)uly. collections: Morrison Collection. Sydney: Australian Museum. Sullivan, TJ 1994 "Prosperous Pompeii", Muse. August·September. Patrick, K and S Si mmons 1994 Australian Museum's Aboriginal Sullivan, T) 1995 "The Great Australian Treasure Hunt". Mu se, April-May. collections: Wiradjuri. Sydney: Australian Museum. Unpublished Papers Pulvertaft, B 1994 A practical guide to collection management. Sydney: Griffin, D)G 1994 ''All we had to do was tell them what it was!", paper presented Australian Museum. to the Second Australian Museum Management Course, Mt Eliza Management Tacon, PSC 1994 Review of Barbara Bender's 'landscape: politics and College, Melbourne. perspectives'. Antiquity 68 (260):682·83. Griffin, DJG 1994 "Museu ms and Boards: To Govern or not to Govern -that is the Tacon, PSC 1994 Socialising landscapes: the long term implications of Question", paper presented to the ICO M Co mmittee for Management signs. symbols and marks on the land. Archaeology in Oceania (I NTERCOM), London. 29(3):117·29. Tacon. PSC and C Chippi ndale 1994 Australia's ancient warriors: Earth and Environmental Sciences changing depictions of fighting in the rock art of Arnhem land, N.T. (with Adrain, )M & GO Edgecombe 1994 Silurlan encrinurine trilobites of northern comments from 10 leading authorities and reply). Ca mbridge laurentia: evolution of the Struszia genus group. Geological Society of America. Archaeological )ournal 4(2):211-48. Abstracts with Programs 26, A373. Annual meeting, Seattle. Tacon, PSC 1995 Cognising rock art: comments on )B Deregowski's Barron, BJ, AD Robertson & FL Sutherland 1994 Olivine leucitites, their xenoliths 'Perception-depiction-perception, and communication: a skeleton key and megacrystic suites. Hoskings Peaks, north Queensland. Geological Society of to rock art and its significance'. Rock Art Research 12(1):16·18. Austra.lia Abstracts Series 37: 16·t7. Tacon, PSC, and Murray Garde 1995 Kun·wardde bim, rock art from Barron, lM, SR Lishmund, GM Cakes, B) Barron & FL Sutherland 1994 A new central and western Arnhem land. In Ra inbow, Sugarbag and Moon. M. model for the origin of some diamonds in eastern Australia. Geological Society of West, ed. Darwin: Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory. Australia Abstracts Series 37' 19-20. PP-30·36. Chen )·Y, GO Edgecombe, l Ramskold & Zhou G·Q 1995 Head Segmentation in Torrence, R 1994 Strategies for Moving on in lithic Studies, in P. Carr Early Cambrian Fu)(ionhuia: implications for arthropod evolution. Science (ed), The Organization of Technology. pp. 123-31. International 268:1339•1343· Monographs in Prehistory. University of Michigan, An n Arbor. Cifelli, Rl and Z )ohanson 1994 New marsupial from the Upper Cretaceous of Wakelin·King, ZP 1995 Disturbing Images of Spiritual Power. Mu se. Utah. )ournal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14. 292-295. June/July: P-4- Edgecombe, GD 1994 New Lower Silurian (Liandovery) encrinurine trilobites from the Mackenzie Mountains. Canada. Jou rnal of Paleontology 68, 824-837. Community Relations Edgecombe. GO 1994 Calmoniid trilobites from the Devonian Fox Bay Formation, Gibson, T 1995 Media liaison for small museums. Museums Australia Inc. Falkland Islands: systematics and bi ogeography. In E. landing (ed.), Studies in Major NPJAW/NATURE FOCUS Publications of the fauna of NSW & Australia based Paleontology and Stratigraphy in Honor of Donald W. Fisher. New York State on resources of the Australian Museum ·published 1994!95 Museum Bulletin 481, 55·68. Strahan, R (editor) 1994 Cuckoos, Nightbirds and Kingfishers of Australia. National Edgecombe, GO 1995 Trilobitomorph relationships. International Cambrian Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife, Angus and! Robertson, Sydney. 270 pp. Explosion Symposium, Nanjing, Programme and Abstracts, 12·13. Strahan, R 1995 A Photographic Guide to Mammals of Australia. Australian Edgecombe, GO 1995 Structure of basal arthropods: insights from Fuxianhuia. International Cambrian Explosion Symposium, Nanjing. Programme and Museum. New Holland. 134 pp. CD-ROM Publications AbstraclS, 13. Strahan , R 1995 Australian Mammals: the multimedia experience. Australian Edgecombe, GO & )M Adrain 1995 Silurian calymenid trilobites from the United Museum, Webster. States. Palaeontographica (A) 235. 1-19. Ehman n, H 1995 Australian Reptiles & Frogs: the multimedia experience. & M. Edgecombe, GO & L Ramskold 1994 Earliest Devonian phacopide trilobites from Tyior Australian Museum. Webster. central Bolivia. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 68, 393-406.

55 mbe GO BG Waisfeld & NE Vaccarl 1994 Lower Devonian ca lmoniid Ed geco , • · G d trilobites from the Argentine Precordillera: new taxa of the 8 ou1 eta roup. an remarks on the tempo of calmoniid radiation. Geological Magazine 131, 449·464. Ed o Kan, G 1995 "First event indicator", Electronics Australia. May, pp 51 . Edgecombe, GO, BG Waisfeld & NE Vaccari 1994 Andinocaste (Trilobita) from the Kelly, L1994 "Evaluation: An Important Part of Program Development at earliest Devonian of Argentina. Journal of Paleontology 68: 837·841. . the Australian Museum" in Museums Australia Con ference Proceedings Gowing, G and Major, RE 1995 The Nest Test experiment: are commumty involvement and good science mutually exclusive? Museum Management and (in press). Kelly. L 1995 "Jumping in Head First! Implementing a New Approach to Curatorship 14: In press Public Program Evaluation" in Evaluation and Visitor Studies ln Hoskin, PWO, Jl Mauk, KA Rodgers & AH Purvis 1994 Occurrences and Museums conference proceedings (in press). morphology of FeS2 at the Golden Cross Mine. Waihi, New Zealand. Proceedings Lifschitz. L & Maclulich. C 1994 "Fausl's House and Dinosaur Soup: of 2ath Annual Conference, New Zeala nd Br~nch of the 1\uslrntasian Institute of interpretive theatre al the Australian Museum", Museums Australia Mining and Metallurgy 189-199· . johanson, z 1994 New information concerning the late Cretaceous marsuptal conference papers Qn press). lifschitz., L 1995 "Bad Show or Bad House? Reviewing theatre in Alberrarherium Fox. 1971. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14, 595·602. museums". Visitor Studies and Evaluation conference (in press). Johanson, z 1995 New Remigolepis (Antiarchi; Placodermi) from the Mandagery Sandstone (Fa mennian), near Canowindra. NSW Conference on Australian Maclulich, C 1995 " Ofr the Wall: the language of exhibition texts". Vertebrate Evolution, Palaeontology & Systematics, Programme & Abstracts, 12· Visitor Studies and Eva luation conference (in press). Maclulich, C 1994 " Creating Contexts: an approach to interpretation", 13, Canberra. )ones, A and B Pearson 1995 The Hawkesbury·Nepean region: has the optimum Museums Australia conference papers (in press). population size been exceeded. People and Place 3(1):29-35 )ones, AR and AD Short 1995 Sandy Beaches. Chap. 9 In A.).Underwood and ExhibitiOns M.G.Chapman (eds) Coastal Marine Ecology of Temperate Australia. University of Oingley, MO 1995 Desmids (Zygnemaphyceae) from a shallow wheel rut New South Wales Press. Sydney. 341pp. subject to drying. The Quekell Journal of Microscopy V.37 part s. pp Major RE and Gowing G 1994 An inexpensive photographic technique for 374•378. identifying nest predators at active nests of birds. Wildlife Research 21: 657·66 Meyer, HOA, HI Milledge & Fl Sutherland 1994 Diamonds and inclusions fro m S.E. Information Science Australia . unusual physical and chemical properties. International Mineralogical Bra zier. J 1995 'Archives, Object. Museums: Points of Intersection·. in T. Association 16th General Meeting, Pisa September 1994. Abstracts:276. Sherratt et al (eds). Recovering Science, Conference Proceedings Osborne, RAL (Research Associate) 1994 Caves, Cement, Bats and Tourists: Karst October 1992 (ASAP. Canberra) Science and Limestone Resource Management in Australia. Presidential Address. Harvey, M 1995 "The Scientific Hit Parade" Australasian Science. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales, 127, part 1· Spring 1994 2: 1·22 Harvey, M 1995 "A Guide for Scientist Spotters•· Australasian Science. Pyke, GH 1995 A choice of methods for estimating sexes of birds using Autumn morphometric measurements: a reply to Rogers & Rogers. Corella 19:17·23. Skates, A & Bengston, C (eds) 1994 WISENET JOURNAL December Pyke, GH, Saillard, R & Smith, 1 1995 Abundance of Eastern Bristiebirds in 1994 (36) relation to habitat and fire history. Emu 95:106·110. Robertson, AD & Fl Sutherland 1994 Mount Hedlow trachyte. Pp. n8·121 In R.J. Invertebrates Holcombe, C.J. Stephens & C. R. Fielding (eds). Capricorn Region Centra l Coast Bickel, DJ 1994 The Australian Sclapodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). with a Queensland 1994 Field Conference. Geological Society of Australia Inc., review of the Oriental and Australasian faunas, and a world conspectus of the Queensland Division. subfamily. Records of the Australian Museum Supplement 21: 1·394· Rodgers, KA (Research Associate) 1994 The geochemical role of atoll phosphates Bickel, DJ 1995 Insects of Micron esia. Volume 13, no. 8. Diptera: Dollchopodidae Vaitupu. Nukulaelae. Funafuti and neighbouring low islands of Tuvalu. central Part 1. Sciapodinae. Medeterinae and Sympycninae (part). Micronesia 27: n· pacific. Mineralium Deposita 29: 68·8o. (Contribution to International Geological n8. (1994). Correlation Project 325: Correlation of Palaeogeography Phosphorites and Cassis, G 1995 A reclassification and phylogeny of the Termatophylini Associated Authigenic Minerals). (Heteroptera: Miridae: Deraeocorinae). with a taxonomic revision of the Sutherland, Fl 1994 Alkaline Volcanic Rocks and Gemstones, Australia. Aust ralian species, and a review of the tribal classification of the Deraeocorinae. Geological Society of Australia Abstracts Series 37: 422·423. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Wa shington 97: 258·330. Sutherland, FL 1994 The volca nic fall of Pompell. Pp 72·7s.1n J·P Descoeudres (0 Clarke, PI, Hutchings, PA and P Adam 1995 Mangroves and saltmarsh. In Jervis Harrison ed.). Pompeii Revisited. The life and Death of a Roman Town. Meditarch, Bay: A Place of cultural. scientific and educat ional value, edited by Cho, Georges. University of Sydney. Stoutjesdik. longmore. Kowari 5:t33·136. Sutherland, l 1994 Victim of Vesuvius. Muse, August·September, p.10. Colgan, DJ and Ponder. WF 1994 The evolutionary consequences of testrictions in Sutherland, FL, RE Pogson & G Webb 1994 Integrated Mineralogy, Petrology and gene flow: examples from hydrobiid snails. Nautilus, Supplement 2: 25·43· Gemmology Research, Australian Museum. International Mineralogical Freewater, P & JK Lowry 1994 Sunamphitoe groxon sp. nov.. (Crustacea: Association 16th General Meetin g. Pisa September 1994. Abstracts:399·400. Amphipoda: Amplthoidae): first record of the genus in Australian waters. Sutherland. Fl. P Temby, LR Raynor & ID Hollis 1994 A review of the east Invertebrate Taxonomy 8: 675·682. Australian diamond province. Pp. 170·184 In HOA Meyer & OH Leonardos (eds). Gray. MR and G Cassis 1994 Results of ground dwelling invertebrate fauna Diamonds: Characterixa tion. Genesis and Exploration. Proceedings of the Fihh surveys of north·eastern New South Wales. North·east Forests Biodiversity Study International Kimberlite Conference, Araxa , Braxi11991. Companhia de Pesquisa Report no. 3c: 102 pp. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Sydney. de Recursos Minerals, CPRM·Special Publication 1/B, Brasilia. Gray, MR 1995 Morphology and relationships within the spider family Filistatidae Tompsett, GA, GA Bowmaker, RP Cooney, JB Metson, KA Rodgers & JM Seakins (Araneae: Ara neomorphae). In MS Harvey (ed.) Australasian spiders and thetr 1995 The laser Raman spectrum of brookite, Ti02, (Pbca,Z•8). Journal of Raman relatives: papers honouring Barbara York Main. Records of the Western Australian Spectroscopy 26: 57·62. Museum. Supplement no. 52: 79-91. Vaccari, NE. BG Waisfeld & GO Edgecombe 1994 Calmoniid trilobites of the Lower Gray, MR 1995 Some Common Australian Spiders. Australian Museum Devonian Scaphiocoelia Zone in the Argentine Precordillera. Geobios 27. 591 ·608. Information Disc (2 disc set) . Australian Museum: Sydney. Waisfeld, BG, GO Edgecombe & NE Vaccarl 1994 Tormesiscus, a new blind Hunt. GS and lee, DC 1995 Plateremaeoid mites (Arachnida: Acarina: calmoniid trilobite from the lower Devonian, Argentine Precordillera. Geologica et Cryptostigmata) from South Australian soils. Records of the Western Australian Palaeontologica 28. 27·43. Museum, Supplement no. 52: 225·24 1. Webb, G 1995 Australian Ruby. In Geological Miscellany, Th e Australian Hunt. GS 1995 Revision of the harvcstman genus Miobunus from Tasmania Gemmologist 19(2) : 63. (Atachnlda: Optlt on es: Trianonychldae). Records of the Western Australtan Museum, Supplement no. 52: 243·26152. Hutchings, PA (ed.) t994 Pacific Reefs: A Paradise lost? Marine Pollution Bulletin. Volume 29 (t·)). 140 pp. Hutchings, PA and C )acoby 199'• Temporal and spatial patterns In the distribution of lnfaunal polychaetes In Jcrvls Bay. New Sou th Wales. Au stralia. In JC oauvln, 1 Smithers, CN (Research Associate) 1994 A note on the Hesperiidae (Leprdo.ptera) (Skippers) of Tuglo Wildlife Refuge, New South Wales. Laubier. DJ Reish (eds). Act~ s de la 4eme Conference lnternatlonale des Polych~ tes. Au~trah an Entomologist 2t(J); 103.109. Memoires du Museum National D'Histoire Natu rclle. 162: t1111·452. Hutchings. PA. Payri, C and C Gabrie 1994 The current status of Coral Reef Smrthers, CN(Research ~sociate)t99'• Poscoptera (Psocids, bookhce) In Systematrc and Apphed Entomology, Ch. ,B, pp 30s. . Carlton Management in French Polynesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 29 (I·J), 25.33. Melbourne. 311 ' )acoby, CA. Wallner, BG, Langtry, SK and PA Hutchings 1995 Deepwater fauna and Smithers, CN (Re.search Associate) 1991, Tragium evansorum sp.n. nora.ln Jervrs Bay: A Pla ce of cultural, scientific and educational value, edited by (Psocoptera: Trogrrdae) a remarkable prognathous species from Norfolk Cho. Georges. Stoutjesdlk, Longmore. Kowari 5: 157 162. Island. Au stralian Entomologist 21 (1,): . . Klene, WE and PA Hutchlngs 1994 Long-term bioeroslon of experimen tal cora l 153 155 CN (Research Associate) 1994 Zoraptera. In Systematic and substrates from Lizard Island. Great Barrier Reef. Proceedin gs of th e Seventh Smit~ers, Ap~hed Entomology, Ch. 27. pp. 306·307. Carlton, Melbourne. International Coral Reef Symposrum 1:397·403. Smrthers, CN (Research Associate) 1995 Final instar Nymph of Psilapsocus Kirkman, H. Fitlpatrick, I and PA Hutchings 1995 Seagrasses. In Jervrs Bay: A nebulosus Mockford (Psocoptera: Psilopsocidae) redescribed and compared Place of cultural. scientrfic and educational value, edi ted by Cho. Georges, wnh those of two wood-boring specres or the genus. Beitraege zur StoUtJesdik, Longmore. Kowarr 5; 137·142. Entomologie 45(2): 17. Le Alsuma rd, T, Golubic, S and PA Hutchings 1995 Microbial endoliths in Theisch inger, G (Research Associate) 1994 Plecoptera (Stoneflies). In skeletons of live and dead corals: Porites lobota (Moorea, French Polynesia). 1.0 . .N au.mann (ed.), Systema tic and Applied Entomology. Pp. 262- 6 . Marine Ecology Progress Series 117: 149·157. 2 5 The rschrn.ger, G (Research Associate) 1991 Megaloptera (Aiderflies. Lowry, JK & HE Stoddart 1994 Crus tacea Amphipoda: Lysranassoids from the 1 Dobsonflres). In 1.0. Naumann (ed.), Systematic and Applied tropical western South Pacific Ocean. In A. Crosnier (ed.), Resultats des Entomology. Pp . 334 ·337. campagnes MUSORSTOM. Volume 12. Memoires de Museum National d'Historre Theischinger, G (Research Associate) 1994 The limoniinae (Oiptera: Naturelle 161: 127·223. Trpulidae) of Australia. IV. New and insufficiently known species of Lowry. JK & HE Stoddart 1995 New lysianassoid genera and species from south Gynop/rstia Macquart and Mo/ophllus Curus (Diptera: Tipulidae: eastern Australia (Crustacea Amphrpoda). Records of the Australian Museum lrmoniinae) from Australia. Stapfia 36: I·J6. 471tl : 1'25· Theischinger, G (Research Associate) 1994 The Umoniinae (Diptera: McAiplne, OK 1995 Critical review of Auslralian records of dryomyzid nles and Trpulidae) of Australia. V. The genera He/ius le Peletier and Servrlle. resultant new combinations and synonymy in Lauxanildae and Platyslomatidae Toxorhino Loew, Limonia Melgen (part). Tonnoiromyia Alexander and (Oiptera: Schizophora). General and applied Entomology 26: 41·43. Col/esaphilo gen.nov. (all tribe limoniini) and Atarbo Osten·Sacken, McAipine, OK, and RG de Keyzer 1994 Genenc classification of the fern fires Amphineurus Skuse, Errpcero Meigen, Cheilocrichia Rossl, Gonamyia (Orptera: Teratomyzidae) with a larval description. Systematic Entomology 19(4) · Meigen and ldiocero Dale (all tribe Eriopterini). Stapfia 36: 37-276. )0)·)26. Turak. E & Bickel, D 1994 Using biologrcal rndicators to monrtor the McEvey, SF 1994 Results of Drosophilidae (Orptera) Invertebrate fauna surveys of health of freshwater ecosystems. New South Wales Environmental north-east NSW forests. North East Forests Biodiversrty Study Report No. 3d. 64 Protection Authority Technrcal Report94{69. 1·75. pp. unpublished report. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Servrce. Sydney. Warren, l, Hutchings, PA. Doyle, S 1994 A revision of the genus Moulds, MS 1994 A revision of the genus Abricta (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) Mediomastus Hartman, 1944 (Polychaeta: Capltellidae). Records of the with special reference to the Australian fauna . MSc thesis. 256 pp., 6 pis. Australian Museum 46: 227-256. Moulds, MS 1994 Software review TREEDIS. A rainforest tree distribution Witliams, GA (Research Associate), and Adam, P 1994 A revrew of database. Australian Entomologist 21(3): 110· 111. rainforest pollination and plant·pollinator rnteractions with particular Moulds, MS and Cowan SA 1994 lrttle rainforest predators. Paradise 105: 19 22 . reference to Australian subtropical rarnforests. Australian Zoologrst 29: Ponder, WF 1994 Australian freshwater Mollusca conservation priorrtres and 177·212. ndrcator species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 36: 191-196. Wilson, G & Wl!gele, J·W 1994 A systematic review of the family Ponder, WF 1994 The anatomy and relationships of Fine/la and Scaliala )anrridae (lsopoda, Asellota). Invertebrate Taxonomy 8: 683·747· (Caenogastropoda: Cerl!hroidea: Scaliolldae). The Malacofauna of Hong Kong Wltson. G 1991J A phylogenetic analysis or the isopod family Janirldae and Soulhern China Ill (ed. B. Morton). Hong Kong Unrversity Press. Pp. 215 241. (Asellota). Invertebrate Taxonomy 8: 749·766. Ponder, WF 1994 The anatomy and relationships of three species of vltrinelllform gastropods (Caenogastropoda· Rrssooidea) from Hong Kong. The Malacofauna of Lizard Island Hong Kong and Southern China Ill (ed. B. Mort on) Hong Kong University Press Betlwood, OR 1994 A phylogenelic study of the parrotfishes Family Scaridae Pp. 243'281. (Pisces: labrordei). wrth a revrsion of gene rea Records of the Australian Museum. Ponder, WF, Colgan, DJ, Cl ark, GA, Miller, AC and Ten is, T 1994 Microgeographrc. Supplement 20. 86 pp.

geneuc and morphological differentiation of freshwater snails • the Hydrobridae Bruce, Nl 19911 The marine isopod Neaciralana Hale, 1925 (Crustacea: of Wrlson's Promontory, Victorra, south-eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Cirolanidae) from tropical Australian waters. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum Zoology, 42: 557·678. 37(1): 41 51. Ponder, WF and Worsford, TM 1994 A review of the rlssolform gaslropods of Bruce, NL Four new genera of marine isopod crustaceans (Sphaeromatidae) from southwestern South America (Mollusca, Gastropoda) Contributions in Science, eastern and southern Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 54(2): 399·438. Halural History Museum of los Angeles County. 445: 1 6). Diele, K 1993 Reproduklionsbiologische und okologische Freilandstudien an der Rudman, WB 1995 Nudibranch Sea Slugs. Australian Museum Information Disc. landkrabbe Cardisoma cami[ex (Dekapoda. Brachyura, Gecarcinidae). Diplomarbeit Allsuallan Museum: Sydney. Thesis, Bayerrsche Julius·Maximilians·Unrversrtat Wurzburg. 109 pp. Rudman, WB 1995 Bluebottles. Australian Museum Information Disc Australian Fainzilber, M, R Schors. 1 Lodder, K ll, W Geraerts, K Kits 1995 New sodium Museum: Sydney. channel-blocking conotoxins also affect calcium currents in Lymnaea neurons. Rudman, WB 1995 Starflsh. Australian Museum lnformPeripsocidae (Psocopl era) tropical reef ecosystem: field studies at l11ard Island. Queensland. Australia. :I Tuglo Wildlife Refuge, Hunter Valley, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Natural Hrstory 29: 27·45· ntomologrst 2t(t): 7•10, Kiene. w E and PA Hutchings 1992 Long -term bioeroslon of experimental coral subslrates from lizard Island, Grea l Barrier Reef. Proceedings of the Seventh lnternatronJI Coral Reef Symposium. Guam, 1992. Vol. 1: 397·40).

57 Mahon, JL 1994 Advantage of flexible juvenile coloration in two species of Labroides (Pisces: Labridae). Copeia. No 2: 520-524. Pillae, TG and HA Hove 1994 On recent species of Spiroserpulo Groves, CP & TF Flannery 1994 A revision of the genus Uromys Peters. 1867 Regenhardt, 1961, a serpulid polychaete genus h1therto known only (Muridae: Mammalia) with desaiptions of two new species. Records of lhe from Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils. Bulletin of the Natural History Australian Museum 46:ll•S·J70. Museum 60(1): 39-104. Hoese, OF 1994 Gobies. In JR Paxton & WN Eschmeyer (Eds) Encyclopedia of Whittington, ID, G Kea rn , and M Beverley·Burton 1994 Benedenla Fishes. Sydney: New Sou!h Wa les University Press. Pp. 220-224. rohdei n. sp. (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from the gills of Lutjanus lvison. T 1994 Species summaries, in Cuckoos. Night birds. Kingfishers and Allies carponoratus (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) from the Great Barrier Reef, of Australia. Collins Angus and Robertson, Sydney. Queensland. Australia. wit h a descriptiOn of the oncomiracidlum. leeton, PJ. L Christidis, M Westerman and WE Boles 1994 Molecular phylogenetic Systematic Parasitology 28: 5·13. relationships of the Night Parros (Geospittocus occidentolis). Auk 111: 831·841. leis, JM 1994 larvae, adults and relationships of the monotypic perciform fish Motenals Conservation family lactariidae. Records of the Australian Museum 46(2): 131·144. Coote, K 1995 'Mounting Aboriginal Bark Paintings·. SSCR Journal Vol 6 Leis, JM & DJ Bray 1995 Larval development in the lutjanid subfamily No2. May 1995. Paradicichthyinae (Pisces): The genera Symphorus and Symphorichrhys. Bulletin Daniel, V & Hanlon, G 1995- 'Modified Atmosphere Treatment of Insect of Marine Science. 56(2): 418·433. Infestations'. The Suuctural Conservation of Panel Paintings McGrouther, MA 1994 Review: Multilingual illustrated dictionary of Aqua tiC Conference, April 24·28. 1995. Malibu. California. Animals and Plants. Commission of European Communities. fishing News Books. Daniel, V & Hanlon. G 1995 'Non-Toxic Methods for Pest Control In 1993. 518pp. AMSA Bulletin 127: 21. July 1994. Museums' 3rd International Conference on Biodetenoration of Cultural McGrouther, MA 1994 Review: last PR & ID Stevens, 1994 Sharks and Rays of Property. 4·7 July. 1995. Bangkok, Thailand. Australia. CSIRO Australia, ACT. Australian Natural History 24(11): 79· Daniel. V 1995 In press. Chapter on 'low Oxygen Storage Environments' McGrouther, MA 1994 Swollen Fish Bones. In Q and A in Australian Natural History for a forthcoming book titled "Storage or Natural History Collections: 24(11): 70. Basic Concepts" to be pu blished by the Society fo r Preservation of Parn aby, H 1995 Identifica tion criteria and taxonomic clarification or some Natural History Collections. (Currently being edited) problematic bat species in north-eastern New South Wales. Appendix A. pp. 1·14. Roach, A 1994 'Recen t developments in pest control'. Preservation of in Integrated Faunal Information for Public lands in North-Eastern NSW. NSW library Materials. no.13. A.U.A.. December 1994. National Parks and Wildlife Service. Parnaby, H 1995 Hollow arguments. Last Word. Nature Australia 25(1): So Vnr ·b ores Parnaby, H and D Mills 1994 A record of the golden-tipped bat from the escarpment Boles, WE 1994 Bird in the hand: Grey Fantail Rhipiduro {u/igmoso. Corella 18: 162. forests of southern New South Wales. Australian Zoologist 29: 245·249. Boles, WE 1995 The world's oldest songbird. Nature 374: 21-22 Paxton, JR & WN Eschmeyer (Eds) 1994 Encyclopedia of Fishes. Sydney: New Boles. WE, H Godthelp, S Hand and M Archer 1994 Earliest Australian non-marine South Wales University Press: San Diego: Academic Press (1995]. Pp. 240. (Also bird assemblage from the early Eocene Tingamurra local Fauna. Murgon, editions in French, German, llalian, Polish and Spanish). so utheas tern. Queensland. Australia. Alcheringa 18: 71 Paxton, JR 1994 Habitats and adaptations: Squirrelfishes and their allies. In J.R. Boles. WE and B Mackness 1994 Birds from the Bluff Downs Loal Fauna. Paxton & W.N. Eschmeyer (Eds) Encyclopedia of Fishes. Sydney: New South Allingham Formation, Queensland. Records of the South Australian Museum 27: Wales University Press. Pp. 32·41: 160·164. 139•149· Paxton, JR 1994 Gulf of Oman lanternfish fisheries research, recommendations on Christidis, lB & WE Boles 1994 The taxonomy and species of birds of Australia general research plan. FAO Working Group on Mesopelagic Resources. Gulfs and 1ts Territories. Royal Ornithological Union Monograph No. 2. 112 pp. Committee for Fisheries Management and Development, Working Paper WGM Cogger, HC 1994. Animal research in museums. pp. 31·35 in JH Burrell and MA 94/4:1·2. Rose (eds) Effective Animal Experimentation Ethics Committees. Proceedings Ponder WF, DJ Colgan, GA Clark, AC Miller & T Ter2is 1994 Mlcrogeographic Australian and New Zealand Council for the Care of Animals in Research and genetic and morphological differentiation of freshwater snails - a study on the Teaching (ANZCCART) Conference. Glen Osmond South Australia. Hydrobiidae of Wllsons Promontory, Victoria, southeastern Australia. Australian Col an, DJ & Flannery TF 1995 An rDNA·based phylogeny of the lndo·West Pacific journal of Zoology 42, 557-678. Megachiroptera. Systematic Biology Oune 1995 issue). Reader, SE 1995 Review: Taylor. G., 1994. Whale Sharks: The Giants of Ningaloo Colgan, DJ & Wf Ponder 1994 The evolutionary consequences of restrictions on Reef. Angus & Robertson. NSW, 176pp. Nature Australia 25(1): 70. gene flow: examples from hydrobiid snails. Nautilus, Suppl. 2, 25·43- Rose, AB (associate) 1994 Predation of little Terns by Whimbrels Australian Debus, SJS & Rose, AB (associate) 1994 The Masked Owl Tyro novaehollondioe in Birds 28: 1-4. New South Wales. Australian Birds 28 (supplement): 40·64. Rowland, P 1994 Species summaries. in Cuckoos, Nightbirds, Kingfishers and Fla nnery, TF 1994 The Futu re Eaters: an ecological history of the Australasian Allies of Australia. Collins Angus and Robenson. Sydney. lands and people. Reed. Sydney t~ 23P P· Rowland, P 1995 A specimen of Mountain Nightjar (Eurostopodus orchboldi) from Fla nnery, TF 1995 Mammals of the Southwest Pa cific and Molucca n Islands. Reed, lhe Hindenburg Ranges. Muru k 7: 41. Sydney 464pp. Rowland, P 1995 Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus) in Western Province. Flannery, TF 1995 lrian Jaya's new tree·kangaroo: just the tip of the Ertzberg? Papua New Guinea. Muruk 7: 41·43· Nature Australia 25(1): 46·52. Flannery, TF 1995 Systematic rev1sion of Embollonuro {urox Thomas, 1911 and E. dianae Hill, 1956. Mammalia ss: 601-612. Flannery, Tf, P Bellwood, JP White, A Moore, Boeadi & G Nitihaminoto 1995 Fossil marsupials (Macropodidae, Peroryctidae) and other mammals of Holocene age from Halmahera, North Moluccas, Indonesia. Alcheringa 19: 17·25- Fiannery, TF, DJ Colgan & J Trimble 1994 A new species or Melomys from Manus Island, Papua New Guinea. with notes on the systematics of the M. ru{escens complex (Muridae: Rodentia). Journa l of the linnean Society of N.S.W. 114: 29·43· Greer, AE 1994 Review: Herpetology in Australian. A Diverse Discipline. 0 Lunney and D Ayers. eds .. 1993. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales. Mosman. NSW: 414 pp. Australian Natural H1story 24(11):71·72 Greer, AE 1994 Review: Seashores. A Beachcomber's Guide. AI Underwood and MG Chap man 1993 Bush Books. Sydney & Environs. New South Wales University Press: 116 pp. Australian Zoologist :!9(3·4):275·276. -

TRUST coMMITTEES (AS AT JANUARY 1995) a paper at Trent University (Peterborough, Canada) and visited Simon Fraser University (Vancouver, Canada).

finance Committee . Or Mal Eutick OAM (Chair), Ms Rob~n Holt. Ms Patrlc1a Watson. Robin Torrence was convener and eo-chair or a session and presented a fluence Fundraising and Marketing paper at the World Archa eological Congress in New Delhi, India. She 1 " ' u lt (Chair) Ms Lucv Hughes Tumbull. Mr Malcolm Long. was a eo-presenter at the Geological Society of America Annual Meetrng >,Is Robyn nO • and she gave lectures at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Public Programs · n Low (Chair) Mr Aden Ridgeway. Ms Lucy Hughes Turnbull. Ass. USA and at the Universities of Sheffield, Oxford and Southampton, Professor Br1a • England. Prof Margaret Rose. New Business Or Mal Eutick OAM (Lhair). Or Nltold WdrU. Co "L 11 Cy Rt:lutrun~ Grahame Ryan. Market Development Manager. attended a series of Site Development or Mal Eut1ck OAM (Chair). meetings at the lnstitut du Monde Arabe in Pans. France . Policy Professor Brian Low (Chair), Mr Malcolm Long, Ass. Prof Margaret Rose, Mr Aden Owen Hyde, Museum Shop Manager travelled to the United States to attend the Museum Stores Association Conference and Trade Fair in Ridgeway. Pittsburgh and to visit various associate museums and retail operations in Pittsburgh, New York and San Franc1sco. ABORIGINAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE D ne Des Griffin attended the ICOM Committee on Museum Management (I NTERCOM), This commruee was re-established as a sub-committee of the Trust. Aden London; Museums Associat ion (UK) Centenary Conference. Brighton; Research Ridgeway is the chair of the committee and Phil Gordon is the secretary. Project. Europe and North America; Annual Conference of the American Association of Museums, Philadelphia. USA: Annual Conference of the Canadian Museums Association, Montreal. Canada: Meetings of the Triennial of the ANIMAL CARE AND ETHICS COMMITTEE International Council of Museums {lCOM) in Stavangar, Norway.

The membership of the Committee consisted of Alien Greer. Tim Flannery, Tom Educouon Trnski. Waiter Boles and Trish McDonald from the Museum. and from outside the Sheryl Connors allended the Western Museums Conference in Hawaii, USA. Museum, Glen Shea (University or Sydney), David Butcher (Director, WWF Oceania), and Surrey Jacobs and Joy Everett (Roya l Botanic Gardens). Exhibr ons Ross Clendlnning travelled to Los Angeles to act as courier for the consignment of ·resting the efficiency and suitability of a microchip marking system for frogs' objects from Rediscovering Pompeii. He also travelled to Paris to participate in (pnnc1pal Investigator. Micheile Christy) was approved after the successful discussions for a proposed exhibition on deserts. completion of and reporl on a pilot project. The existing project 'Nest predators in fragmented environments' {principal investigator, Richard Major) was amended Herpetology and expanded to 'Identification of nest predators and factors affecting adult Ross Sadller visited New Caledonia as part of ongoing studies into the island's survival in fragmented landscapes·. reptile fauna.

~11 o existing approved projects 11.ere completed: 'live display of hopping mice Hal Cogger attended an international conference on biodiversity in Java . Notomys' (pnnclpal investigator. George Hangay). and 'Foragrng and habitat use Indonesia. by shorebirds at Homebush Bay· (Pat Hutchings and Penny Berents). Mammals Tim Flannery travelled to central lrian Jaya to study, photograph and release a OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE specimen of Oingiso. his newly-discovered tree-kangaroo and to the USA courtesy or Tu lane University to give the keynote address at a conference in New The Australian Museum's Occupational Health and Safety Committee has Orleans. He took the opportunity to visit the U.S. National Museum and the membership across all divisions and is comprised of the following staff: Michael American Museum of Natural History to undertake research on Melanesian Kelly (cha1r), Alien Greer, Babette Pearson. Don Colgan. Kate Attwood. Malcolm mammals. He also led a TAMS tou r to Africa. Bray. Karin Smith. Tilak Pananwala and Uz Pearson. Monnt Ecology Thecommottee meets on the first Monday of every calendar month and after each Alan )ones and Anna Murray attended the Second International Conference on meeting carries out a workplace inspection. Currently the committee is putting Sandy Beaches in Valdivia, Chile. Alan also delivered a paper at the International together OH&S Information kits to be distributed to each division to further raise Conference on Marine Pollution and Ecotoxicology in Hong Kong. OH&S awareness throughout the Museum. Marine Invertebrates lim Lowry demonstrated the DELTA program at the University of Mexico. and OVERSEAS TRAVEL subsequently, at several laboratories in the United States.

11 ~ ·opo }; George Wilson attended the 7th Deep-Sea Biology Conference in Crete, Greece. Val ~ttenbrow presented a paper at the World Archaeological Congress. New Delh1, India. Pat Hutchings visited French Polynesia to undertake joint field work. She was also a Visiting Professor at the University of Aix·Marseille u in France. Richard Fullaga d r presente three papers at the World Archaeological Congress New Delhi lnd1a He v· 't d h MotPrlols Conservation "' · · 1s1 e t e un1vers1ty · · of Leoden. and attended the Prtt. Rrvers . ' useum, University of O~ford -·lithics seminar. Karen Coote attended the Western Museums Conference. Hawaii. USA.

lim SpPcht attend d h . f e t e Museum ethnographers' Group {UK) annual conference Graeme Scott attended the IIC Congress on Preventive Conservation held rn m0 x ord, UK. Ottawa, Canada.

Paur Tacon present d · · 1\J••- e a JOint paper at the 1995 Society of American 1 "'"'eo ogy As so c1at1on· Conference, Mlnneapolis, U.S.A. He presented

59 Ornithology Wailer Boles visited several museums in Europe and the United States (American Museum of Natural History, Natural History Museum, Cornet t Community Relations University. Liverpool Museum and University of Kansas) in conjunction Jan Barnetl attended an Australian Institute of Management training with the International Ornithological Congress in Vienna. Austria. cou rse on market planning.

Palaeontology Tone Gibson. liz Wilson and Sally Procter attended the Museums Greg Edgecombe attended the International Cambrian Explosion Australia Conference on Cultural Planning. Symposium in Nanjing, China. Grahame Ryan attended the 18th Australasian Fundraising Conference Petrology or.n Mine,alogl (Fundraising Institute of Australia Inc.), PC'95 {Australian Exhib1tion Lin Sutherland attended the 16th International Mineralogical Services). Sponsorship, Bequests and Higher Giving Campa1gns Association Meeting in Pisa, Italy. (SAMAG) .

Mike Field and Sally Procter attended the SAMAG talk on the Creative Nation. SEMINARS AND CONFERENCES Director Des Griffm gave a presentation to Mt Eliza Management College Anthropology Vat Attenbrow presented a paper on midden varoabiloty as identified in excavated Museum Management Course. He attended the CAMD Conference. NSW Abonginal sites at the Australian Coastal Archaeology Symposium: current Darwin; Museums Australia Executive Committee Meetings; Museums research and future directions, Maroochydore. Queensland. Australia Council Meetings; Standing Committee (Museums and Indigenous People) of Museums Australia, Canberra: Museums Lissant Bolton presented a paper tilled "A place contaming many places. Australia Annual Conference. Perth; and the Heritage Collections Ethnographic collections and the embod1ment of geographical and intellectual Committee Meeting. Melbourne. territory." at the Australian Anthropology Society Annual Conference. Sydney University. She presented a paper ·women have cu lture too.' Gender and the Education reformulation of cultural heritage in Vanuatu to the University of Sydney, Carolyn Maclulich presented a key note paper to the Regional Galleries Department of Anthropology Staff Seminar Program. Association conference in Armidale.

Richard Fullagar attended the Australian Archaeological Association conference, Alan Watterson presented a paper at the annual Australian Association of la Trobe University. He attended the University of Sydney-· lithics seminar. He Environmental Education conference in Cairns. also attended the University of South Australia (Underdale Campus): Workshop on glass artefacts. linda Ferguson attended a week long Spring School in Linguistics. Linda also attended a seminar on Multi Media and the Law. Phil Gordon and Peter White. under the umbrella of the outreach project. the Museum has run two very successful commun1ty meetings in Armidale and Carolyn MacLulich, Lynda Kelly and Trish McDonald auended the inaugural Wallaga Lake. Over 70 people have attended both meetings with over 15 Museums Australia conference in Perth. communities represented. They eo-organised the Wallaga Lake Meeting of the Aboriginal Museum's and Keeping Place Network. They held community Thirteen Education st aff auended a two·day text writing workshop run by Or workshops in three communities in Dubbo, Kempsey and Bellbrook. Loulse Ravelli at the Museum.

Jim Specht presented papers at the Coas tal Archaeology Conference. Maree Stenglin attended a Multimedia conference titled 'Narrative and Maroochydore, Queensland, the Australian Archaeological Association lnteractivity' in Melbourne. Conference. Melbourne. attended the Quaternary Dating Conference, Canberra. Dating Techniques Workshop at ANSTO, Sydney, and participated with other Maree Stenglin and Mary Bell attended a Middle Management Course run by Divisional members in a one·day workshop with John Head (Australian National Drake Personnel. University) on radiocarbon·dating. He joined a planning group for the Sixth Australian Archaeometry Conference. Martyn Robinson attended a seminar on the Green and Golden Bell Frog.

Paul Tacon presented papers at the 1994 Australian Archaeological Association Sheryl Connors auended the AECG conference in Moree and the Aboriginal Conference. Melbourne: at the Powerhouse Mu seum : at the Australian National Studies Association conference at University of NSW. University: Sydney University (Sydney). Shcryl Connors and Dawn Tlmbery attended the Fourth Annual General Meeting Robin Torrence participated in the Annual Meeting of the Australian of NSW Aboriginal Education Consu ltative Group which was held at Brighton Archaeo logical Society in Melbourne. Beach.

Liz Bonshek attended the Australian Anthropological Society Conference. Sydney. Shcryl Connors presented a paper at an Aboriginal Studies Conference held at Sydney University. Peter White attended the Conference of Museum Anthropologists 94 in Perth. He also attended the Museums Australia conference in Perth. S1x Education staff attended the Visitor Studies and Evaluation conference held at the Powerhouse Museum. Papers were presented by Carolyn Maclulich {text The Division organised a one·day workshop on radiocarbon dating, lead by John evaluation). Yaron Lifschitz (evaluating theatre in museums) and Lynda t

Carolyn MacLulich chaired sessions at the Museums Australia conference on Cu ltural Planning in May.

6o Mineralogy and Petrology tin Sutherland attended the 12th Au stralian Geo logy Conference. University of Western Australia. He addressed the Royal Society of Evolutionary Biology Don Colgan presented a paper at the Museum's conference on the Green and Tasmania on "Demise of the Dinosaurs Ill", in the presence of the Governor of Tasmania. Golden Bell frog. Lin Sutherland and Ross Pogson presented a paper on "Zeolites of Herpetology Alien Greer gave a talk to the conference on the Green and Golden Bell Frog. Tasmania" at the 18th Mineralogical Societies' Seminar in Hobart.

Hal Cogger continued as chairperson of the Au_s tralian Biolog i~a l Resources Study Ross Pogson spoke to the Mineralogical Society of NSW on carbonate and vice-President of the International CommiSSIOn of Zoological Nomenclature. minerals of NSW and auended a meeting of the Committee for Co­ Ord ination of Government Geological Programs and the Edgeworth David Day Symposium at Sydney University. With Oliver Chalmers, he Jchlhyology • Brook (arson. Jeff Leis, Mark McGrouther. John Paxton and Tom Trnsk1 attended attended the International Commission on the History of Geological the Australian Society for Fish Biology meetings in Canberra. Presentations were Sciences (INH IGEO) Symposium at Sydney University. made at a coinciding Collection Management Workshop by John Paxton, Mark McGrouther and Tom Trnski. Ornithology Waiter Boles gave talks to the NSW/ ACT Group. Royal Au stralasian John Paxton presented a ten lecture unit on Aspects of Fish Biology at the Orn ithologists Union; Ornithology class. Cornell University; TAFE's Zoo UniversitY of NSW. and along with )eff Leis was involved in the University of Keeping course; Centre for Continuing Education's Ornithology course; Sydney Talented Students program at the Museum. He also presen ted a paper at University of Newcastle's Wildlife Illustration course: Hunter Region the annual conference of the Australian Society for Fish Biology in Canberra. Avlculturat Society: Grass Parrot and Lorikeet Society of Aust ra lia.

Jeff Leis is co·chair of the organising committee of Internationa l Larval Fish Palaeontology conference to be held in Sydney and eo-Convener of Symposium on Larval Greg Edgecombe presented lectures on early arthropod evolution at Macquarie Taxonomy. He was a member of the Organising Commiuee for the Annual University and the University of Wollongong. Meetings of the Australian Society for Fish Biology and is on the Scientific Commillee of the 5th lndo·Pacific Fish Conference. Alex Ritchie gave two talks at the biannual CAVE PS (fossil vertebrates) conference in Canberra. one being a public lecture on Canowindra at the National Science Sally Reader attended a workshop on Elect rofishing in Canberra. Centre.

Mammals Zerina Johanson presented her research on armoured fish at CAVEPS . Alex and Tim Aannery gave talks to the Australian Federal Parliament, TAMS. the Library Zerina led a post·CAVEPS fie ld trip to Canowindra attended by tJ Australian and Society of NSW. the Wildlife Preservation Society. ANU (CRES}, the Australian international vertebrate palaeontologists. Heritage Commission. the Western Au stralian Museum and the Bureau of Immigration Research, on various issues relating to his resea rch. Terrestrial Ecol ogy Greg Gowing gave an invited paper on Rapid Response at the Mu seums Australia Llnda Gibson attended the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Mammal State Conference. Society held in Hobart. Graham Pyke planned and organised the First Conference on the Biology and Harry Parnaby contributed to lectures and instructions on ecology and Management of the Green and Golden Bell Frog held at the Australian Museum identification of bats at a four day course to "Train the Trainers" in fauna survey and delivered a paper on habitat requ irements. techniques for State Forests of NSW. Michetle Christy spoke about a marking system for frogs at the Green and Golden Marine Ecology Bell Frog Conference held at the Australian Museum and Taronga Zoo. Alan Jones and Anna Murray attended the Temperate Reef Symposium at Sydney University.

Marine Invertebrates Penny Berents allended the Australian Marine Science Association conference in Townsville.

Pat Hutchings attended 'The State of the Marine Environment' confere11ce in Brisb~ne. Or Hutchings is vice-President of the Australian Coral Reef Society, a counc1llor of the International Society for Reef Studies. and a member of the Expert Review Panel of the Olympic Coordination Agency.

Ge_orge Buz Wilson participated in the annual conference of the Australian Marine Sciences Association in Townsville in his capacity as NSW council member.

Materials Conservation Several talks were 1 • th g ven on recent developments 1n the area of pest control for Aue ca ~e of. cultural property. Some of the groups addressed Included the (N~~~~ 130 Library and Information Association (ALIA), and Museums Au stralia

6t RESEARCH ASSOCIATES Ms BN Hise BA(Hons) Mr T Raka Kerthyasa His Majesty the Emperor Akihito Mr V Kessner Prol M Archer BA PhD Mr R Kulter Miss 11 Benneu AO MSc Mr RB lachlan BEd DipTeach FRES Or JB Burch PhD Mr K lamprell Mr CE Chadwick BSc Or JA lindsay MA PhD Mr RO Chalmers ASTC Mr TR lindsey Or W Dawbon PhD DSc Mr NW longmore Mr HJ de S Disney MA Or OF McMrchael CBE MA PhD Or B Egloff MA PhD Mr W McReaddie Mr BM England BSc DipGemmology FGAA Mr K Meguro M rs F Evans MSe Mr OR Moore MA OipAnthrop Mr HO Fletcher MSc Mr R Morrison Mr JM Forshaw Or AA Racek Or RLK Fu llagar BA PhD Mr NW Rodd BSc Or B Gold man BSc PhD Mr AB Rose Or ID Hollis PhD Mr P Schouten Mr KW Huffman BA OipEthnol Mr E J Slater BEM Mr GS Hunt BSc DipEd PhD Mr R Steene Or W lvantsoff PhD Mr W E Summerville MSc Ms P Kailola BSc(Hons) MrGAI Swan Mr KC Khoo BSc(Hons) Mrs M Tuckson Mr R de Keyzer BSc Mrs S Tuckwell Or RI Lampert PhD FAHA Or A Vickers MA PhD Mrs JE Marlow BSc(Hons) Mr G Virtue Or FD McCarthy OipAnthrop Hon DSc FAHA Ms S Walston DipCons (lond) Miss PM McDonald BSc MEd Mr G Watson MA Or GA Mengden BSc PhD Ms l Wltson Or TR New BSc PhD ARCS DIC Mr GFC Wisharl PhC Or RAL Osborne DipEd MSc PhD Or H Parnaby PhD Or Fullagar. Or Hunt. Or Parnaby and Or Torrence are currently grant funded Or H Paxton PhD Research Fellows at the Museum. Or J Pickeu MSc DPhiiNat Or SF Rainer BSc MSc PhD A/Prof KA Rodgers PhD Mr DJ Scambler BSc STATEMENT OF PHILOSOPHY Mr GM Shea BVSc(Hons) PhD Or R Shine BSc PhD DSc The future of our natural environment and cultural heritage is of central concern: Or CN Smithers MSc PhD we intend to join in public debate and give advice to governmeflt. the community Or W Starck PhD and business. where we have special knowledge. Or NN Tail PhD Prof FH Talbot MSc PhD FlS FRZS FRSA The Australian Museum is committed to: Mr G Theischinger Or AG Thorne BA MA(Hons) PhD Prof IWB Thornton BSc PhD DSc Excellence in research and scholarship in natural science and human studies for the benefit of current and future generations. Or R Torrence AB MA PhD Mr E Turak MSc Or MR Waiter PhD Sharing knowledge with the community and providing opportunities for enjoyable Or JP White MA PhD learning experiences through exhibitions, educatoon programs. publications and other media. Mrs ME White MSc Or MJ Whiuen BSc(Hons) BA PhD FTS Mr GA Wiltiams BSc Ensuring continuous improvement in the quality of Museum programs and Prof RVS Wright MA services to meet the needs of all customers and stakeholders. Or JC Yaldwyn MSc PhD FMANZ Respect for the rights and wishes of the peoples whose knowledge and rnateriai Associates culture form the basis of our human studies programs and to a binding by Ms K Atkinson legislation and conventions protecting the natural environment. wildlife and Mr ME Ball cultural heritage. Mr B Bertram Mr K Carnaby Public accountability in using the community's resources and to acting in a Mr E L Carthew manner consistent with our Mission and deservrng of thl' continued support and Ms D Clyne FRPS FRES participation of the community, the private sector and government. Mr TS Coldham BA FGAA Mr N Coleman Involving staff through multidisciplinary teams and other means on the Mr L Courtney·Haines development of the Museum and Museum programs and to being innovative in Mr G Daniels developing ways to advance the Museum's goals. Ms D Oonlon MA PhD Mr JA Frazier FRPS ACS Crea ting a more environmentally friendly wor·kplace and use of Mr H Good all resou rces. Mr 0 Grifflths BSc Mr A Healy Ensuring the Museum is an exciting and rewarding place to visit and Ms J Henley BAppSc FGAA work in ... and it should be funl

62 SPONSORS

MEMBERS OF THE AUSTRALIAN

MUSEUM FOUNDATION

The Museum gratefully acknowledges the support of: Minerals Council of Au stralia Mr S. Moriarty

Governing Patron North Ltd State Bank of NSW NSW Minerals Council Optus Communications Porrons Pancontinental Mining Ltd Akubra Hats Pty Ltd Pasminco Ltd Bank of New Zealand Placer Pacific Ltd BHP Company Lld Readers Digest (Australia) Ply Ltd Blue Circle Southern Cem ent Mr Dick Smith Grace Bros Soil Conservation Service lames Hardie Industries Ltd Sydney Water IBM Australia Ltd Vittel Mineral Water Ken and Ya suko Myer Vodafone The Australian Museum Society Western Mining Corporation

Benefactors Members ofthe Circles of Noturo/ History BHP Co mmunity Trust AAP Information Services Pty Ltd David and Naomi Block American Express International Inc. Caltex Oil (Au stralia) Pty Ltd Australian Georgraphic Pty Ltd Com monwealth Bank of Australia Banque Nationale de Pa ris CS First Boston Australia (Holdings) Ltd B & C Print and Post Pty Ltd CS R Ltd Mrs Hazel Bisley Hilton International Boral Limited National Mutual BP Australia Limited SC Johnson and Son Pty Ltd Sir Ronald Brierley Telstra Corporation (formerly OTC) Cadillac Plastics Pacific Group Pty Ltd TNT Freight Services Caltex Oil (Aust) Pty Ltd Qantas Airways Coca Cola Amatil Li mited Unilever Australia Ltd Cumberland Office Machines Westpac Banking Corporation Or Lucy and Dr Peter Chubb Mrs Gretchen Dechert Sponsors Fuji Xerox (Aust) Pty Ltd Arco Coal Austra lia lnc Grolman & As sociates Apple Computer (Australia) Pty ltd George Weston Foods Limited Australia Abroad Council Hunter Valley Cranes Pty Ltd Australia n Multicultural Foundation Mr John lrvine Australian Technology Resources Ms Poppy King Australian Tourist Commission Mrs Ann Macintosh Bayer Australia Ltd Macquarie Bank Limited William Bowmore Met al Manufacturers Lim ited Peter Bridge Nell Hermon Slade Trust Coa l Association o f NSW Sir John Proud Mr and Mrs Cudlipp The Shell Company of Australia Ltd Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Sleeman Whitaker Heckendorf & Pott er Advertising Department of Immigration and Ethnic Affairs Siemens Limited Department of Primary Industries Southcorp Holdings Limited Department of Mineral Resou rces The Regent of Sydney Esso Australia Ltd Wellcome Australia Limited French Embassy INDEX

Aboriginal Deaths in Custody 27 Public Programs 13 · implementation of recommendations Recycling 32 from Royal Commission Research & Development 26 Address 2 Research Library 24 Admission Charges 64 Research Projects 26 Archives 24 Research AssoriiltP.c; 6? Associates 62 Recommendations of the Royal Commission Australian Museum Trust 47 into Aboriginal Dea ths in Custody 27 Trustee Profiles 47 Risk Management 32 Comm ittees 59 Seminars and Conferences 6o Business Services 30 Senior Executive Service Staff 32 Code of Conduct 33 Sponsors 63 Collections 17 Staff 51 Commercial Activities 29 Staff Tra ining 31 Comm itment to Service 33 Staffing Profiles so Commi ttees 59 Staffing Levels so Aboriginal Advisory Telephone Number 2 Animal Care & Ethics The Australian Museum Society 15 Occupational Health & Safety Time for Provision of Services 33 Consumer Response 32 Visitor Statistics 15 Consultan ts 33 Director's Message 11 Disability Plan 32 Enterprise Bargaining 31 A total of 1000 copies of this document are being produced and Equa l Employment Opportunity 49 distributed. The estimated printing cost is 514-JO per copy. Financial Statements }/; Freedom of Information 33 Guarantee of Service 33 DESIGN: Anna Gregg, Ausrralian Museum Design Unit see Comm itment to Service EDITOR: Sally Procter, Australian Museum Public Relations Hours of Service 64 PHOTOGRAPHY: Maurice Ortega, Carl Ben to, Australian Museum Human Resou rces 31 Photographic Services Lizard Island Research Station 25 PRE·PRESS: Albion Place Group Local Area Network 25 PAPER: Jaeger Fine Papers Management Structure 48 Cover: Kasch mir Text: Superior Silk Coa ted Market and Contract Testing 32 PRINTED BY: Lilyfield Printing Marketing 13 Materials Conservation 24 Mission s Admission Charges Museum Shop 29 FAMILY $12 Museum as a Venue 29 ADUlT $5 Overseas Travel 59 CONCESSION $3 Performance Management 4 CHILD Payment Performance Indicators 32 Senior Executive Service Staff 32 Opening Times Philosophy 62 9·30am . s.oopm Premier's Message 7 everyday (except Christmas Day) President's Message 9 Printing Costs 64 Pu blications 55 Publishing Activities 29

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